Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Case Study: Saving Money Through Alternative Disposal Of Street Sweeping Debris, Town Of Natick, Massachusetts, Edward J. Collins, Jr. Center For Public Management, University Of Massachusetts Boston

Edward J. Collins Center for Public Management Publications

In 2004, Natick submitted a Beneficial Use Determination Application for a restricted use determination by the state Department of Environmental Protection (DEP) for a pilot project to demonstrate that debris collected from sweeping Town roads could be reused to the benefit of the Town. By doing this, the Town would avoid the associated high landfill disposal costs of the sweeping debris, as well as of the cost of disposing excess compost that the Town could now mix with the debris. The majority of the “sweeping debris” is sand the Town uses on its roads during the winter. This pilot tested …

Failure To Replicate A Genetic Association May Provide Important Clues About Genetic Architecture, Casey S. Greene, Nadia M. Penrod, Scott M. Williams, Jason H. Moore

Dartmouth Scholarship

Replication has become the gold standard for assessing statistical results from genome-wide association studies. Unfortunately this replication requirement may cause real genetic effects to be missed. A real result can fail to replicate for numerous reasons including inadequate sample size or variability in phenotype definitions across independent samples. In genome-wide association studies the allele frequencies of polymorphisms may differ due to sampling error or population differences. We hypothesize that some statistically significant independent genetic effects may fail to replicate in an independent dataset when allele frequencies differ and the functional polymorphism interacts with one or more other functional polymorphisms. To …

Land Rehabilitation Of Construction Damaged Parcel At Santa Fe Road And Hoover Avenue In San Luis Obispo, California, Patience J. West

Earth and Soil Sciences

A plan for the rehabilitation of a construction damaged parcel of land with constructed swale running through it using native plants.

P-Code: A New Raid-6 Code With Optimal Properties, Chao Jin, Hong Jiang, Dan Feng, Lei Tian

CSE Conference and Workshop Papers

RAID-6 significantly outperforms the other RAID levels in disk-failure tolerance due to its ability to tolerate arbitrary two concurrent disk failures in a disk array. The underlying parity array codes have a significant impact on RAID-6’s performance. In this paper, we propose a new XOR-based RAID-6 code, called the Partition Code (P-Code). P-Code is a very simple and flexible vertical code, making it easy to understand and implement. It works on a group of (prime – 1) or (prime) disks, and its coding scheme is based on an equal partition of a specified two-integer-tuple set. P-Code has the following properties: …

A Novel Fuzzy Artmap Architecture With Adaptive Featureweights Based On Onicescu’S Informational Energy, Răzvan Andonie, Angel Caţaron, Lucian Mircea Sasu

All Faculty Scholarship for the College of the Sciences

Fuzzy ARTMAP with Relevance factor (FAMR) is a Fuzzy ARTMAP (FAM) neural architecture with the following property: Each training pair has a relevance factor assigned to it, proportional to the importance of that pair during the learning phase. Using a relevance factor adds more flexibility to the training phase, allowing ranking of sample pairs according to the confidence we have in the information source or in the pattern itself.

We introduce a novel FAMR architecture: FAMR with Feature Weighting (FAMRFW). In the first stage, the training data features are weighted. In our experiments, we use a feature weighting method based …

Mantle Transition Zone Structure Beneath Kenya And Tanzania: More Evidence For A Deep-Seated Thermal Upwelling In The Mantle, Audrey D. Huerta, Andrew A. Nyblade, Angela M. Reusch

Geological Sciences Faculty Scholarship

Here we investigate the thermal structure of the mantle beneath the eastern Branch of the East African Rift system in Kenya and Tanzania. We focus on the structure of the mantle transition zone, as delineated by stacking of receiver functions. The top of the transition zone (the 410 km discontinuity) displays distinctive topography, and is systematically depressed beneath the rift in Kenya and northern Tanzania and adjacent volcanic fields. This depression is indicative of a localized ∼350 °C thermal anomaly. In contrast, the bottom of the transition zone (the 660 km discontinuity) is everywhere depressed. This region-wide depression is best …

Birth-Intervals And Sex Composition Of Western Gray Whales Summering Off Sakhalin Island, Russia, David W. Weller, Amanda L. Bradford, Aimée R. Lang, Robert L. Brownell Jr., Alexander M. Burdin

United States Department of Commerce: Staff Publications

Determining the birth-interval at which reproductive females produce calves is an indispensable component of studies on the population biology of large whales. In theory, shorter birth-intervals will result in a faster rate of population increase. Therefore, estimating this reproductive parameter is particularly important for modeling exercises designed to project the potential growth of a given population and, in the case of endangered populations, their ability to recover from a depleted state (e.g. Cooke et al., 2008). While a number of inherent biases exist with respect to determination of birth-intervals for baleen whales (Barlow and Clapham, 1997), dedicated sampling efforts and …

Variational Analysis In Semi-Infinite And Infinite Programming, I: Stability Of Linear Inequality Systems Of Feasible Solutions, M J. Cánovas, M A. Lopez, Boris S. Mordukhovich, J Parra

Mathematics Research Reports

This paper concerns applications of advanced techniques of variational analysis and generalized differentiation to parametric problems of semi-infinite and infinite programming, where decision variables run over finite-dimensional and infinite-dimensional spaces, respectively. Part I is primarily devoted to the study of robust Lipschitzian stability of feasible solutions maps for such problems described by parameterized systems of infinitely many linear inequalities in Banach spaces of decision variables indexed by an arbitrary set T. The parameter space of admissible perturbations under consideration is formed by all bounded functions on T equipped with the standard supremum norm. Unless the index set is finite, this …

Effect Of The Pair-Structure Factor Of A Particulate Medium On Scalar Wave Scattering In The First Born Approximation, Serkan Sahin, Olga Korotkova

Physics Articles and Papers

Using scattering matrices and the angular spectrum representation of waves, we develop the analytical theory of scattering of random scalar waves from random collections of particles, valid under the first Born approximation. We demonstrate that in the calculation of far-field statistics, such as the spectral density and the spectral degree of coherence, the knowledge of the pair-structure factor of the collection is crucial. We illustrate our analytical approach by considering a numerical example involving scattering of two partially correlated plane waves from a random distribution of spheres.

Tree Canopy Effect On Grass And Grass/Legume Mixtures In Eastern Nebraska, Michael El. L. Perry, Walter H. Schacht, Gregory A. Ruark, James R. Brandle

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

A study to determine the feasibility of producing forage for grazing livestock under trees was conducted as a step toward evaluating the potential for silvopasture systems in the northern and central Great Plains. The effects of overstory leaf area index (LAI), percentage understory light transmittance (LT), and soil moisture (SM) on yield and crude protein (CP) of big bluestem [Andropogon gerardii Vitman; (BB)], smooth bromegrass [ Bromus inermis Leyss.; (SB)], and mixtures with birdsfoot trefoil [ Lotus corniculatus L.; (BFT)] were examined. The study was conducted in both Scotch pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and green ash (Fraxinus …

Residential Modifications And Decline In Physical Function Among Community-Dwelling Older Ad, Sze Yan Liu, Kate L. Lapane

Department of Public Health Scholarship and Creative Works

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to quantify the effect of residential modification on decreasing the risk of physical function decline in 2 years.

Design: Cohort study using propensity scores method to control for baseline differences between individuals with residential modifications and those without residential modifications.

Participants: Participants (N = 9,447) were from the Second Longitudinal Study on Aging, a nationally representative sample of the civilian noninstitutionalized population, aged 70 years and older in the United States at the time of baseline interview in 1994-1995.

Methods: Participants self-reported residential modifications at baseline (e.g., railings, bathroom modifications). The decline in …

Effect Of Dust Particles On Rotating Micropolar Fluid Heated From Below Saturating A Porous Medium, R. Reena, U. S. Rana

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

This paper deals with the theoretical investigation of the effect of dust particles on a layer of rotating micropolar fluid heated from below saturating a porous medium. A dispersion relation is obtained for a flat fluid layer contained between two free boundaries using a linear stability analysis theory and normal mode analysis. The principle of exchange of stabilities is found to hold true for the micropolar fluid saturating a porous medium heated from below in the absence of dust particles, rotation and micropolar heat conduction parameter. The oscillatory modes are introduced due to the presence of the dust particles and …

A Comparison Of Balanced Truncation Methods For Closed Loop Systems, John R. Singler, Belinda A. Batten

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Research & Creative Works

Real-time control of a physical system necessitates controllers that are low order. In this paper, we compare two balanced truncation methods as a means of designing low order compensators for partial differential equation (PDE) systems. The first method is the application of balanced truncation to the compensator dynamics, rather than the state dynamics, as was done in cite{Skelton:1984}. The second method, LQG balanced truncation, applies the balancing technique to the Riccati operators obtained from a specific LQG design. We discuss snapshot-based algorithms for constructing the reduced order compensators and present numerical results for a two dimensional convection diffusion PDE system.

Sfa Weather Station-June 2009, Arthur Temple College Of Forestry And Agriculture, Stephen F. Austin State University

Weather Station Data

No abstract provided.

Lectures On China’S Environment, Xuhui Lee

Yale School of the Environment Publications Series

No abstract provided.

Chandra And Swift Observations Of The Quasi-Persistent Neutron Star Transient Exo 0748-676 Back To Quiescence, N. Degenaar, R. Wijnands, M. T. Wolff, P. S. Ray, K. S. Wood, J. Homan, W. H. G. Lewin, P. G. Jonker, E. M. Cackett, J. M. Miller, E. F. Brown

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Research Publications

The quasi-persistent neutron star X-ray transient and eclipsing binary EXO 0748-676 recently started the transition to quiescence following an accretion outburst that lasted more than 24 years. We report on two Chandra and 12 Swift observations performed within five months after the end of the outburst. The Chandra spectrum is composed of a soft, thermal component that fits to a neutron star atmosphere model with kT^∞ ~ 0.12keV, joined by a hard power-law tail that contributes ~20 per cent of the total 0.5-10 keV unabsorbed flux. The combined Chandra/Swift data set reveals a relatively hot and luminous quiescent system …

Finite-Difference And Pseudo-Sprectral Methods For The Numerical Simulations Of In Vitro Human Tumor Cell Population Kinetics, Z. Jackiewicz, Barbara Zubik-Kowal, B. Basse

Mathematics Faculty Publications and Presentations

Pseudo-spectral approximations are constructed for the model equations which describe the population kinetics of human tumor cells in vitro and their responses to radiotherapy or chemotherapy. These approximations are more efficient than finite-difference approximations. The spectral accuracy of the pseudo-spectral method allows us to resolve the model with a much smaller number of spatial grid-points than required for the finite-difference method to achieve comparable accuracy. This is demonstrated by numerical experiments which show a good agreement between predicted and experimental data.

Simulation-Based Analysis And Optimisation Of Planning Policies Over The Product Life Cycle Within The Entire Supply Chain, Galina Merkuryeva, Liana Napalkova, Olesya Vecherinska

Liana Napalkova

No abstract provided.

The Application Of Fuzzy Logic To The Modeling Of Product Density For Children Ready-Made Clothes, R. W. Hndoosh

R. W. Hndoosh

The main objective of this research is to design a program model for a new product density estimation by implementing fuzzy logic techniques. This model is designed depending upon some of the factors influencing product density. The model consists of conditional rules. Mamdani fuzzy inference system is used for reasoning process because it is an efficient type of fuzzy inference for knowledge to make decision processing. The model is designed using MATLAB as the programming tool for writing the model's programs. The model is applied to real data average taken from Mosul factory for children Ready-Made clothes. The results obtained …

Research On Fractal Mathematics And Some Application In Mechanics, Yang Xiaojun

Xiao-Jun Yang

Since Mandelbrot proposed the concept of fractal in 1970s’, fractal has been applied in various areas such as science, economics, cultures and arts because of the universality of fractal phenomena. It provides a new analytical tool to reveal the complexity of the real world. Nowadays the calculus in a fractal space becomes a hot topic in the world. Based on the established definitions of fractal derivative and fractal integral, the fundamental theorems of fractal derivatives and fractal integrals are investigated in detail. The fractal double integral and fractal triple integral are discussed and the variational principle in fractal space has …

On The C-Statistics For Evaluating Overall Adequacy Of Risk Prediction Procedures With Censored Survival Data, Hajime Uno, Tianxi Cai, Michael J. Pencina, Ralph B. D'Agostino, L. J. Wei

Harvard University Biostatistics Working Paper Series

No abstract provided.

Quantitative Prediction Of Twinning Stress In Fcc Alloys: Application To Cu-Al, Sandeep A. Kibey, Lin-Lin Wang, J. B. Liu, H. T. Johnson, H. Sehitoglu, Duane D. Johnson

Duane D. Johnson

Twinning is one of most prevalent deformation mechanisms in materials. Having established a quantitative theory to predict onset twinning stress τcrit in fcc elemental metals from their generalized planar-fault-energy (GPFE) surface, we exemplify its use in alloys where the Suzuki effect (i.e., solute energetically favors residing at and near planar faults) is operative; specifically, we apply it in Cu-xAl (x is 0, 5, and 8.3 at. %) in comparison with experimental data. We compute the GPFE via density-functional theory, and we predict the solute dependence of the GPFE and τcrit, in agreement with measured values. We show that τcrit correlates …

Strongly Coupled Computation Of Material Response And Nonequilibrium Flow For Hypersonic Ablation, Alexandre Martin, Iain D. Boyd

Alexandre Martin

A one-dimensional material response implicit solver with surface ablation and pyrolysis is strongly coupled to LeMANS, a CFD code for the simulation of weakly ionized hypersonic flows in thermo-chemical non-equilibrium. Using blowing wall boundary conditions and a moving mesh algorithm, the results of a strongly coupled solution of a re-entry problem are presented, using the well defined case of the IRV-2 vehicle. Results are compared to other coupled codes and show good agreement with published numerical results.

Scoping Study Of The Effects Of Aging On Landmines, Daniele Ressler

CISR Studies and Reports

The Mine Action Information Center at James Madison University has partnered with a British EOD consultancy company, C King Associates Ltd, to conduct a preliminary study into the effects of aging on landmines. This project entailed examination and disassembly of several types of anti-personnel mines, a literature review of relevant material and analysis of the initial findings.

The study confirms a fairly obvious assumption: The characteristics of mines change significantly as they grow older. However, while this situation is constantly observed in the field through the recovery of rotted, rusted and damaged mines, it has never been adequately investigated. The …

Reconstruction Of The Upper Torso Using X-Ray Imagery, Thomas Wischgoll, Christopher Koehler

Computer Science and Engineering Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Electron-Irradiation On Electrical Properties Of Algan/Gan Schottky Barrier Diodes, Z-Q. Fang, Gary C. Farlow, B. Claflin, David C. Look, D. S. Green

Physics Faculty Publications

Effects of 1 MeV electron-irradiation at room temperature on the electrical properties of AlGaN/GaN heterostructures, including leakage currents, threshold voltages, and electron traps, have been investigated using Schottky barrier diodes (SBDs) fabricated on the AlGaN. The SBDs, before and after the irradiation with a dose of 5×10¹⁵ cm⁻², were characterized by temperature dependent current-voltage and capacitance-voltage measurements and deep level transient spectroscopy. It is found that the irradiation causes (i) significant increase in leakage currents, dominated by tunneling conduction, at both reverse and low-forward biases; (ii) a clear negative shift in threshold voltage in the pinch-off region; …

Analysis Of Atmospheric Pahs In The Austrian Pine, Timothy Tomashuk, Triet Minh Truong, Audrey E. Mcgowin Ph.D.

Chemistry Student Publications

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) are a common pollutant created by natural (forest fires) or anthropogenic sources, such as incomplete combustion in engines (vehicular traffic) or incinerators. Many PAHs are known or suspected carcinogens and also have mutagenic properties and endocrine disrupting effects.

Although most atmospheric PAHs are measured using high-volume sample collection on filters, a convenient way of monitoring these pollutants is through plant matrices, such as pine needles that act as passive samplers. The needles are covered with a lipid-rich cuticle that absorbs the pollutants. Evergreens are especially useful because they continue to accumulate pollutants during the winter.

In …

South Burlington, Vt: Mixed-Use Comes To O’Dell Parkway, Ryan Neale, Brett Richardson, Richard Barringer

Planning

The proposed redevelopment of an underutilized property along major travel routes in South Burlington presents possibilities for infill development. The City of South Burlington, the developer, neighbors, and a variety of public and nonprofit financial partners work together to create a mixed-use residential/commercial development to meet a variety of housing and community needs. The case study describes the obstacles overcome to make redevelopment possible through zoning and regulatory changes, negotiation with local residents over traffic and other concerns, support from state and local housing advocates, and political leadership; as well as the development’s application of smart growth principles.

Louisiana: A Model For Advancing Regional E-Research Through Cyberinfrastructure, Daniel S. Katz, Gabrielle Allen, Ricardo Cortez, Carolina Cruz-Neira, Raju Gottumukkala, Zeno D. Greenwood, Les Guice, Shantenu Jha, Ramsesh Kolluru, Tevfik Kosar, Lonnie Leger, Honggao Liu, Charlie Mcmahon, Jarek Nabrzyski, Bety Rodriguez-Milla, Ed Seidel, Greg Speyrer, Michael Stubblefield, Brian Voss, Scott L. Whittenburg

Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Publications

Louisiana researchers and universities are leading a concentrated, collaborative effort to advance statewide e-Research through a new cyberinfrastructure: computing systems, data storage systems, advanced instruments and data repositories, visualization environments and people, all linked together by software programs and high-performance networks. This effort has led to a set of interlinked projects that have started making a significant difference in the state, and has created an environment that encourages increased collaboration, leading to new e-Research. This paper describes the overall effort, the new projects and environment and the results to date.

Effects Of Collisions On Electronic-Resonance-Enhanced Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering Of Nitric Oxide, Anil K. Patnaik, Sukesh Roy, James R. Gord, Robert P. Lucht, Thomas B. Settersten

Physics Faculty Publications

A six-level model is developed and used to study the effects of collisional energy transfer and dephasing on electronic-resonance-enhanced coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (ERE-CARS) in nitric oxide. The model includes the three levels that are coherently coupled by the three applied lasers as well as three additional bath levels that enable inclusion of the effects of electronic quenching and rotational energy transfer. The density-matrix equations that describe the evolution of the relevant populations and coherences are presented. The parametric dependencies of the ERE-CARS signal on collisional energy transfer and dephasing processes are described in terms of both a steady-state analytical …