Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Discrete Nonparametric Algorithms For Outlier Detection With Genomic Data, Debashis Ghosh

Debashis Ghosh

In high-throughput studies involving genetic data such as from gene expression microarrays, differential expression analysis between two or more experimental conditions has been a very common analytical task. Much of the resulting literature on multiple comparisons has paid relatively little attention to the choice of test statistic. In this article, we focus on the issue of choice of test statistic based on a special pattern of differential expression. The approach here is based on recasting multiple comparisons procedures for assessing outlying expression values. A major complication is that the resulting p-values are discrete; some theoretical properties of sequential testing procedures …

An Examination Of The Persistence Of The Residual Child Welfare System In The United States: Addressing Charges Of Radical Theoretical Myopia With Implications For Social Work Practice, Peter Cabrera

Elián P. Cabrera-Nguyen

The United States follows what has been termed a residual approach to its public child welfare system. This article describes the residual model and contrasts it with the policies of other industrialized nations. It also explores the causes and persistence of the residual model in the United States through the lens of structural-functionalist theory. By doing so, this article attempts to respond to critics of structural social work who maintain that it is overly reliant on conflict theory and has nothing to offer in terms of distinct practice methods. Suggestions for a structurally informed social work practice are made.

Multilevel Functional Principal Component Analysis, Chong-Zhi Di, Ciprian M. Crainiceanu, Brian S. Caffo, Naresh M. Punjabi

Chongzhi Di

The Sleep Heart Health Study (SHHS) is a comprehensive landmark study of sleep and its impacts on health outcomes. A primary metric of the SHHS is the in-home polysomnogram, which includes two electroencephalographic (EEG) channels for each subject, at two visits. The volume and importance of this data presents enormous challenges for analysis. To address these challenges, we introduce multilevel functional principal component analysis (MFPCA), a novel statistical methodology designed to extract core intra- and inter-subject geometric components of multilevel functional data. Though motivated by the SHHS, the proposed methodology is generally applicable, with potential relevance to many modern scientific …

Nonparametric Signal Extraction And Measurement Error In The Analysis Of Electroencephalographic Activity During Sleep, Ciprian M. Crainiceanu, Brian S. Caffo, Chong-Zhi Di, Naresh M. Punjabi

Chongzhi Di

We introduce methods for signal and associated variability estimation based on hierarchical nonparametric smoothing with application to the Sleep Heart Health Study (SHHS). SHHS is the largest electroencephalographic (EEG) collection of sleep-related data, which contains, at each visit, two quasi-continuous EEG signals for each subject. The signal features extracted from EEG data are then used in second level analyses to investigate the relation between health, behavioral, or biometric outcomes and sleep. Using subject specific signals estimated with known variability in a second level regression becomes a nonstandard measurement error problem.We propose and implement methods that take into account cross-sectional and …

Generalized Multilevel Functional Regression, Ciprian M. Crainiceanu, Ana-Maria Staicu, Chong-Zhi Di

Chongzhi Di

We introduce Generalized Multilevel Functional Linear Models (GMFLMs), a novel statistical framework for regression models where exposure has a multilevel functional structure. We show that GMFLMs are, in fact, generalized multilevel mixed models. Thus, GMFLMs can be analyzed using the mixed effects inferential machinery and can be generalized within a well-researched statistical framework. We propose and compare two methods for inference: (1) a two-stage frequentist approach; and (2) a joint Bayesian analysis. Our methods are motivated by and applied to the Sleep Heart Health Study, the largest community cohort study of sleep. However, our methods are general and easy to …

R Codes For "Multilevel Functional Principal Component Analysis" (Aoas), Chongzhi Di

Chongzhi Di

No abstract provided.

Code, Crash, And Open Source: The Outsourcing Of Financial Regulation To Risk Models And The Global Financial Crisis, Erik F. Gerding

Erik F. Gerding

The widespread use computer-based risk models in the financial industry in the last two decades enabled the marketing of more complex financial products to consumers, the growth of securitization and derivatives, and the development of sophisticated risk management strategies by financial institutions. Over this same period, regulators increasingly delegated or outsourced vast responsibility for regulating risk in both consumer finance and financial markets to these private industry models. The proprietary risk models of financial institutions thus came to serve as a “new financial code” that regulated transfers of risk among consumers, financial institutions, and investors.

The spectacular failure of financial …

Masw Tests For Detection Of Decayed Buried Timber Within Railway Embankments, Barry A. Palynchuk Phd, Chris Bunce Phd, Steve Sather M.Eng

Barry A. Palynchuk PhD

No abstract provided.

Predicting Hearing Threshold In Nonresponsive Subjects Using A Log-Normal Bayesian Linear Model In The Presence Of Left-Censored Covariates, Byron J. Gajewski, Nannette Nicholson, Judith E. Widen

Byron J Gajewski

We provide a nontrivial example illustrating analysis of a Bayesian clinical trial. Many of the issues discussed in the article are emphasized in a recent Food and Drug Administration (FDA) guidance on use of Bayesian statistics in medical device clinical trials. Here we present a fully Bayesian data analysis for predicting hearing thresholds in subjects who cannot respond to usual hearing tests. The article begins with simple concepts such as simple linear regression and proceeds into more complex issues such as censoring in the dependent and independent variables. Throughout, we emphasize the substantive interpretation of the analysis. Of particular interest …

A Critique Of The False-Positive Report Probability, Joseph Lucke

Joseph Lucke

The false positive report probability (FPRP) was proposed as a Bayesian prophylactic against false reports of significant associations. Unfortunately, the derivation of the FPRP is unsound. A heuristic derivation fails to make its point, and a formal derivation reveals a probabilistic misrepresentation of an observation. As a result, the FPRP can yield serious inferential errors. In particular, the FPRP can use an observation that is many times more likely under the null hypothesis than under the alternative to infer that the null hypothesis is far less probable than the alternative. Contrary to its intended purpose, the FPRP can promote false …

Balance Diagnostics For Comparing The Distribution Of Baseline Covariates Between Treatment Groups In Propensity-Score Matched Samples, Peter C. Austin

Peter Austin

The propensity score is a subject’s probability of treatment, conditional on observed baseline covariates. Conditional on the true propensity score, treated and untreated subjects have similar distributions of observed baseline covariates. Propensity-score matching is a popular method of using the propensity score in the medical literature. Using this approach, matched sets of treated and untreated subjects with similar values of the propensity score are formed. Inferences about treatment effect made using propensity-score matching are valid only if, in the matched sample, treated and untreated subjects have similar distributions of measured baseline covariates. In this paper we discuss the following methods …

An Intelligent Computing Technique For Fluid Flow Problems Using Hybrid Adaptive Neural Network And Genetic Algorithm, Philadelphia University

Philadelphia University, Jordan

No abstract provided.

The Irony In The Poetry Of Murid Al-Barghothi, Philadelphia University

Philadelphia University, Jordan

No abstract provided.

Laboratory Quality Control, Philadelphia University

Philadelphia University, Jordan

No abstract provided.

Mixed Reality Environment For Web-Based Laboratory Interactive Learning, Philadelphia University

Philadelphia University, Jordan

No abstract provided.

Modeling And Experimental Studies On A Domestic Solar Dryer, Philadelphia University

Philadelphia University, Jordan

No abstract provided.

Neuro-Fuzzy Controller Of A Sensorless Pm Motor Drive For Washing Machines, Philadelphia University

Philadelphia University, Jordan

No abstract provided.

An Ontology For The Quality Attributes Of Web Services, Philadelphia University

Philadelphia University, Jordan

No abstract provided.

A Solar Still Augmented With A Flat-Plate Collector And A Reflector, Philadelphia University

Philadelphia University, Jordan

No abstract provided.

Smoking Practices In Jordanian People And Their Impact On Semen Quality And Hormonal Levels Among Adult Men, Philadelphia University

Philadelphia University, Jordan

No abstract provided.

Swine Flu, Fiction Or Reality, Philadelphia University

Philadelphia University, Jordan

No abstract provided.

Gdp, Philadelphia University

Philadelphia University, Jordan

No abstract provided.

Formants Speaker Identification Based System Via Neural Network, International Journal Of Recent Trends In Engineering, Philadelphia University

Philadelphia University, Jordan

No abstract provided.

Viral Replication And Genetics, Philadelphia University

Philadelphia University, Jordan

No abstract provided.

Wireless Gateway Programming Model, Philadelphia University

Philadelphia University, Jordan

No abstract provided.

Windows-Based Active-Router Design And Evaluation, Philadelphia University

Philadelphia University, Jordan

No abstract provided.

A Scientific Rationale For Belief In God?, Philip E. Graves

PHILIP E GRAVES

This paper presents a concise scientific rationale for the existence of God. The works of Ray Kurzweil and the many other artificial intelligence researchers provide a backdrop to the central thesis. An entity (computers or humans, it not mattering which) will eventually approach all-knowing. How much time passes before this occurs is not important. All-knowing is likely to be all-powerful insofar as knowledge leads to power, as has been our experience. One would suspect that this would be inclusive of time travel. The methods by which knowledge grows require “seed” facts to begin working. The seed facts can easily be, …

A Quantitative Taqman Mgb Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Based Assay For Detection Of The Causative Agent Of Crayfish Plague Aphanomyces Astaci, Torstein Tengs

Dr. Torstein Tengs

Here we present the development and first validation of a TaqMan minor groove binder (MGB) real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method for quantitative and highly specific detection of Aphanomyces astaci, the causative agent of crayfish plague. The assay specificity was experimentally assessed by testing against DNA representative of closely related oomycetes, and theoretically assessed by additional sequence similarity analyses comparing the primers and probe sequences to available sequences in EMBL/GenBank. The target of the assay is a 59 bp unique sequence motif of A. astaci found in the internal transcribed spacer 1 of the nuclear ribosomal gene cluster. A standard …

A Tikz Tutorial: Generating Graphics In The Spirit Of Tex, Andrew Mertz, William Slough

Andrew Mertz

TikZ is a system which can be used to specify graphics of very high quality. For example, accurate place- ment of picture elements, use of TEX fonts, ability to incorporate mathematical typesetting, and the possi- bility of introducing macros can be viewed as positive factors of this system. The syntax uses an amal- gamation of ideas from METAFONT, METAPOST, PSTricks, and SVG, allowing its users to \program" their desired graphics. The latest revision to TikZ introduces many new features to an already feature- packed system, as evidenced by its 560-page user manual. Here, we present a tutorial overview of this …

The Two Covering Radius Of The Two Error Correcting Bch Code, Andrew Klapper, Andrew Mertz

Andrew Mertz

The m-covering radii of codes are natural generalizations of the covering radii of codes. In this paper we analyze the 2-covering radii of double error correcting BCH code.