Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Easy Steps To Success: A Graphing Calculator Guide, Lisa Yocco, Ronald Harshbarger

Lisa S. Yocco

No abstract provided.

Priors For A Bayesian Analysis Of Extreme Values, Sally Wood, Julian Wang

Sally Wood

This article proposes a new prior specification for a Bayesian analysis of the k largest order statistics model. We show that using Jeffreys priors for the end-point and shape parameters of the k largest order statistics model leads to biased estimates of the shape parameter for small to medium sample sizes and to the posterior mode of the end-point being equal to the most extreme observed value. We propose a conjugate prior for the shape parameter and a prior for the end-point which removes the posterior mode at the most extreme observed value while remaining uninformative for values of the …

The Chaperone Action Of Clusterin And Its Putative Role In Quality Control Of Extracellular Protein Folding, Amy Wyatt, Justin Yerbury, Stephen Poon, Rebecca Dabbs, Mark Wilson

Mark R Wilson

The function(s) of clusterin may depend upon its topological location. A variety of intracellular "isoforms" of clusterin have been reported but further work is required to better define their identity. The secreted form of clusterin has a potent ability to inhibit both amorphous and amyloid protein aggregation. In the case of amorphous protein aggregation, clusterin forms stable, soluble high-molecular-weight complexes with misfolded client proteins. Clusterin expression is increased during many types of physiological and pathological stresses and is thought to function as an extracellular chaperone (EC). The pathology of a variety of serious human diseases is thought to arise as …

Agenda For A Sustainable America, John Dernbach

John C. Dernbach

No abstract provided.

Toward Femtosecond Dove Spectroscopy Of Solute-Solvent Interactions, Sean Kern, Diana Urbanek, Mark Berg

Sean J. Kern

No abstract provided.

An Agenda For Sustainable Communities, John Dernbach

John C. Dernbach

This article summarizes progress toward sustainable communities in the United States since the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (or Earth Summit) in 1992. It shows the significant initiative that many communities have undertaken and identifies existing state and federal laws as impediments to achieving sustainability. This article also makes recommendations for further progress based on what we have already learned about how to achieve sustainable communities. They include not only more and strengthened sustainable community efforts, and broad state and federal legal support, but also deep engagement of all affected citizens. This article is based primarily on three …

The Architecture Of Platforms: A Unified View, Carliss Y. Baldwin, C. Jason Woodard

C. Jason Woodard

No abstract provided.

Highly Fluorous Complexes Of Ruthenium And Osmium And Their Solubility In Supercritical Carbon Dioxide, Brad Berven, George Koutsantonis, Brian Skelton, Robert Trengove, Allan White

Brad Berven

A series of ruthenium and osmium complexes containing highly fluorous diphosphine ligands FPPF = (F13C6C6H4-p)2P(CH2)2P(p-C6H4C6F13)2 (dfppe) and (F13C6C6H4-p)2P(CH2)3P(p-C6H4C6F13)2 (dfppp) has been prepared. The fluorous diphosphine ligands incorporate four C6F13 “fluoro-ponytails”, and these have been effective in solubilizing the complexes in supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2). Precise solubility measurements in scCO2 were performed for some of the complexes. The new complexes [MX2(FPPF)2] and [MX(FPPF)(η-C5H5)], M = Ru, Os, X = Cl, Br, have been characterized by a number of spectroscopic techniques and their electrochemical properties measured, three of the ruthenium complexes also being characterized by single-crystal X-ray studies. The noncovalent interactions observed …

Model, Properties, And Applications Of Context-Aware Web Services, Stephen Yang, Jia Zhang, Angus Huang

Jia Zhang

No abstract provided.

Environmental Law: The Policy Implications Of The Reaction To Climate Change, Jeffrey Sutton, Jonathan Adler, John Dernbach, Steven Hayward, Jeremy Rabkin

John C. Dernbach

No abstract provided.

Closed Monochromatic Bishops'’ Tours, Joe Demaio

Joe DeMaio

The Erdős-Lovász Tihany Conjecture For Quasi-Line Graphs, J. Balogh, A. V. Kostochka, N. Prince, M. Stiebitz

Noah Prince

Erdös and Lovász conjectured in 1968 that for every graph G with χ(G) > ω(G) and any two integers s, t ≥ 2 with s + t = χ(G) + 1, there is a partition (S,T) of the vertex set V(G) such that χ(G[S]) ≥ s and χ(G[T]) ≥ t . Except for a few cases, this conjecture is still unsolved. In this note we prove the conjecture for quasi-line graphs and for graphs with independence number 2.

Creating A Warmer Environment For Women In The Mathematical Sciences And In Philosophy, Samantha Brennan, Rob Corless

Samantha Brennan

No abstract provided.

Characterization Of Compactly Supported Renable Splines With Integer Matrix, Tian-Xiao He, Yujing Guana

Tian-Xiao He

Let M be an integer matrix with absolute values of all its eigenvalues being greater than 1. We give a characterization of compactly supported M-refinable splines f and the conditions that the shifts of f form a Riesz basis.

Evaluation Methods For Topic Models, Hanna M. Wallach, Iain Murray, Ruslan Salakhutdinov, David Minmo

Hanna M. Wallach

A natural evaluation metric for statistical topic models is the probability of held-out documents given a trained model. While exact computation of this probability is intractable due to the large number of discrete latent variables, several estimators for this probability have been used in the topic modeling literature, including the harmonic mean method and empirical likelihood method. In this paper, we demonstrate experimentally that commonly-used methods are unlikely to accurately estimate the probability of unseen documents, and propose two alternative methods that are both accurate and efficient.

What Does It Mean To Be A Science Librarian 2.0?, Melissa J. Harvey

Missy Harvey

Science librarians, as well as other librarians, have seen ample new technologies come and go over the years. Librarians experiment and try to find ways to employ the new tools in our libraries. A driving force in our decision making about what tools to use should always be our patrons and whether the tools can help us do a better job of delivering services. This paper discusses what technologies have proven to be successful, as well as other thoughts to bear in mind as librarians evaluate Web 2.0 tools for science libraries.

Designing Short Term Trading Systems With Artificial Neural Networks, Bruce Vanstone, Gavin Finnie, Tobias Hahn

Bruce Vanstone

There is a long established history of applying Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) to financial data sets. In this paper, the authors demonstrate the use of this methodology to develop a financially viable, short-term trading system. When developing short-term systems, the authors typically site the neural network within an already existing non-neural trading system. This paper briefly reviews an existing medium-term long-only trading system, and then works through the Vanstone and Finnie methodology to create a short-term focused ANN which will enhance this trading strategy. The initial trading strategy and the ANN enhanced trading strategy are comprehensively benchmarked both in-sample and …

Bootstrap P-Values In Discrete Models: Asymptotic And Non-Asymptotic Effects, Chris Lloyd

Chris J. Lloyd

(This paper is a major revision of http://works.bepress.com/chris_lloyd/15/.) Standard first order P-values suffer from two important drawbacks. First, even for quite large sample sizes they can misrepresent the exact significance which depends on nuisance parameters unspecified under the null. For most discrete models is that accuracy is variable and breaks down completely at the boundary. Second, different test statistics can give practically different results.

The bootstrap P-value is the exact significance with the null maximum estimate (ML) of the nuisance parameter substituted. We show that bootstrap P-values based on different first order statistics differ to second order. We also show …

Soa-Based Content Delivery Model For Mobile Internet Navigation, Stephen J.H. Yang, Jia Zhang, Jeffrey J.P. Tsai, Augus F.M. Huang

Jia Zhang

No abstract provided.

National Governance: Still Stumbling Toward Sustainability, John C. Dernbach

John C. Dernbach

No abstract provided.

Hierarchical Modeling: Biogeochemical Processes And Mechanisms That Drives Clay Nano- And Microfabric Development, Kenneth J. Curry, Richard H. Bennett, Paula J. Smithka, Matthew H. Hulbert

Kenneth J. Curry

Conceptual scientific models of clay and clay fabric development can be constructed profitably by considering chemical and physical systems in terms of an ordered hierarchy. We develop here a hierarchical model of early stages of marine sediment development identifying processes and focusing on mechanisms. While the focus of our model is on mechanisms, the physical aspects of the hierarchy are cast in terms of the scale of structure in which the mechanisms occur. Our primary scale of interest is the nanometer (nanofabric) level of organization of sediment fabric. This level is nested below the micrometer (microfabric) level that includes aggregates …

Finding Words In Alphabet Soup: Inference On Freeform Character Recognition For Historical Scripts, Nicholas R. Howe, Shaolei Feng, R. Manmatha

R. Manmatha

This paper develops word recognition methods for historical handwritten cursive and printed documents. It employs a powerful segmentation-free letter detection method based upon joint boosting with histogram-of-gradients features. Efficient inference on an ensemble of hidden Markov models can select the most probable sequence of candidate character detections to recognize complete words in ambiguous handwritten text, drawing on character n -gram and physical separation models. Experiments with two corpora of handwritten historic documents show that this approach recognizes known words more accurately than previous efforts, and can also recognize out-of-vocabulary words.

Computer Intensive Methods Lecture 1, Shuangge Ma

Shuangge Ma

No abstract provided.

Learning On The Fly: Font Free Approaches To Difficult Ocr Problems, Andrew Kae, Erik G. Learned-Miller

Andrew Kae

Despite ubiquitous claims that optical character recog- nition (OCR) is a “solved problem,” many categories of documents continue to break modern OCR software such as documents with moderate degradation or unusual fonts. Many approaches rely on pre-computed or stored charac- ter models, but these are vulnerable to cases when the font of a particular document was not part of the training set, or when there is so much noise in a document that the font model becomes weak. To address these difficult cases, we present a form of iterative contextual modeling that learns character models directly from the document it …

Japanese And English Sentence Reading Comprehension And Writing Systems: An Fmri Study Of First And Second Language Effects On Brain Activation, Augusto Buchweitz, Robert A. Mason, Akiko Hasegawa, Marcel Adam Just

Marcel Adam Just

No abstract provided.

Modern Novels: How To Make Them More Relevant To High School Students, David Wendler, '09

Leah A. Nillas

There have been numerous studies conducted researching ways to reinvent how we teach outdated texts that are increasingly losing relevance to the current generation of students because of gaps in interest and culture. Because of this irrelevancy, students do not understand these books as well and are not thinking critically about the issues that they present. My research follows along the same lines, but deals specifically with the increasing irrelevancy of modern novels. I distributed a questionnaire to the class I observe at a local high school. My findings have been that modern novels, while lacking relevance with many students, …

Wwi Postcard Collection: A Community-Based Model For Digital Libraries, Marc D. Bayer

Marc D Bayer

The paradigm shift of academic libraries from information purveyors to places of learning and communicating must occur virtually as well as physically. By creating informal virtual communities around digital collections , librarians can participate in the academic discussion and make more formal collections better known.

Foundations For Modelling Emotions In Game Characters: Modelling Emotion Effects On Cognition, Eva Hudlicka, Joost Broekens

Eva Hudlicka

Affective gaming has received much attention lately, as the gaming community recognizes the importance of emotion in the development of engaging games. Affect plays a key role in the user experience, both in entertainment and in ‘serious’ games. Current focus in affective gaming is primarily on the sensing and recognition of the players’ emotions, and on tailoring the game responses to these emotions. A significant effort is also being devoted to generating ‘affective behaviors’ in the game characters, and in player avatars, to enhance their realism and believability. Less emphasis is placed on modeling emotions, both their generation and their …

Bootstrap And Second Order Tests Of Risk Difference, Chris Lloyd

Chris J. Lloyd

Standard approximate tests of the difference of two probabilities have type 1 error that can differ significantly from nominal, even for quite large sample sizes. There are two modern methods of reducing type 1 error. One is to use so-called higher order asymptotics (Reid, 2003) to provide an explicit adjustment to the likelihood ratio statistic. The second is to replace the nuisance parameter in an exact calculation with a null estimate (Young and Lee, 2005), which is a kind of bootstrap. The purpose of this paper is to explain and evaluate these two methods, for testing whether a difference in …

Atypical Frontal-Posterior Synchronization Of Theory Of Mind Regions In Autism During Mental State Attribution, Rajesh K. Kana, Timothy A. Keller, Vladimir L. Cherkassky, Nancy J. Minshew, Marcel Adam Just

Marcel Adam Just

No abstract provided.