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2010

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Articles 3901 - 3930 of 8620

Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

If These Men Could Still Talk, Rebecca Damphousse Apr 2010

If These Men Could Still Talk, Rebecca Damphousse

Academic Symposium of Undergraduate Scholarship

For this assignment, two theorists in psychology were selected to engage in conversation. Erik Erikson and Jean Piaget were chosen and their theories of human development were researched. Erikson was asked how his experiences as a child impacted the formation of his theories. The question for Piaget was directed at the permanence, relevancy and universality of his theory into the 21st century. While a large amount of research was conducted, the questions and answers were pure conjecture.

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Hubble Space Telescope Near-Infrared Snapshot Survey Of 3cr Radio Source Counterparts. Iii. Radio Galaxies And Quasars In Context, David J.E. Floyd, David Axon, Stefi Baum, Alessandro Capetti, Marco Chiaberge, Juan P. Madrid, Christopher P. O'Dea, Eric S. Perlman, William B. Sparks Apr 2010

Hubble Space Telescope Near-Infrared Snapshot Survey Of 3cr Radio Source Counterparts. Iii. Radio Galaxies And Quasars In Context, David J.E. Floyd, David Axon, Stefi Baum, Alessandro Capetti, Marco Chiaberge, Juan P. Madrid, Christopher P. O'Dea, Eric S. Perlman, William B. Sparks

Aerospace, Physics, and Space Science Faculty Publications

We compare the near-infrared (NIR) H-band photometric and morphological properties of low-z (z < 0.3) 3CR radio galaxies with samples of BL Lac objects and quasar host galaxies, merger remnants, quiescent elliptical galaxies, and brightest cluster galaxies drawn from the literature. In general, the 3CR host galaxies are consistent with luminous (~Lsstarf) elliptical galaxies. The vast majority of FR II's (~80%) occupy the most massive ellipticals and form a homogeneous population that is comparable to the population of radio-loud quasar (RLQ) host galaxies in the literature. However, a significant minority (~20%) of the 3CR FR II's appears under-luminous with respect to quasar host galaxies. All FR II objects in this faint tail are either unusually red, or appear to be the brightest objects within a group. We discuss the apparent differences between the radio galaxy and RLQ host galaxy populations. RLQs appear to require gsim1011 M☉ host galaxies (and ~109 M☉ black holes), whereas radio galaxies and radio-quiet quasars can exist in galaxies down to ~3 × 1010 M☉. This may be due to biases in the measured quasar host galaxy luminosities or populations studied, or due to a genuine difference in host galaxy. If due to a genuine difference, it would support the idea that radio and optical active galactic nuclei are two separate populations with a significant overlap.

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Algorithms For Distributed Chemical Sensor Fusion, Randy Paffenroth, Scott Lundberg, Jason Yosinski Apr 2010

Algorithms For Distributed Chemical Sensor Fusion, Randy Paffenroth, Scott Lundberg, Jason Yosinski

Randy C. Paffenroth

No abstract provided.

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The Synthesis Of A Cyclic Peptide Library For The Discovery Of Sickle-Cell Hemoglobin Ligands, Brian Brennan, Jeremy Henle, '11 Apr 2010

The Synthesis Of A Cyclic Peptide Library For The Discovery Of Sickle-Cell Hemoglobin Ligands, Brian Brennan, Jeremy Henle, '11

Brian B. Brennan

No abstract provided.

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Characterizing Planetary Orbits And The Trajectories Of Light In The Schwarzschild Metric, Foek T. Hioe, David Kuebel Apr 2010

Characterizing Planetary Orbits And The Trajectories Of Light In The Schwarzschild Metric, Foek T. Hioe, David Kuebel

Physics Faculty/Staff Publications

Exact analytic expressions for planetary orbits and light trajectories in the Schwarzschild geometry are presented. A new parameter space is used to characterize all possible planetary orbits. Different regions in this parameter space can be associated with different characteristics of the orbits. The boundaries for these regions are clearly defined. Observational data can be directly associated with points in the regions. A possible extension of these considerations with an additional parameter for the case of Kerr geometry is briefly discussed.

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Monitoring Automotive Particulate Matter Emissions With Lidar: A Review, Claudio Mazzoleni, Hampden D. Kuhns, Hans Moosmüller Apr 2010

Monitoring Automotive Particulate Matter Emissions With Lidar: A Review, Claudio Mazzoleni, Hampden D. Kuhns, Hans Moosmüller

Michigan Tech Publications

Automotive particulate matter (PM) causes deleterious effects on health and visibility. Physical and chemical properties of PM also influence climate change. Roadside remote sensing of automotive emissions is a valuable option for assessing the contribution of individual vehicles to the total PM burden. LiDAR represents a unique approach that allows measuring PM emissions from in-use vehicles with high sensitivity. This publication reviews vehicle emission remote sensing measurements using ultraviolet LiDAR and transmissometer systems. The paper discusses the measurement theory and documents examples of how these techniques provide a unique perspective for exhaust emissions of individual and groups of vehicles.

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An Expeditious Synthesis Of N-Substituted Pyrroles Via Microwave-Induced Iodine-Catalyzed Reactions Under Solventless Conditions, Debasish Bandyopadhyay, Sanghamitra Mukherjee, Bimal K. Banik Apr 2010

An Expeditious Synthesis Of N-Substituted Pyrroles Via Microwave-Induced Iodine-Catalyzed Reactions Under Solventless Conditions, Debasish Bandyopadhyay, Sanghamitra Mukherjee, Bimal K. Banik

Chemistry Faculty Publications and Presentations

An expeditious synthesis of N-substituted pyrroles has been developed by reacting 2,5-dimethoxy tetrahydrofuran and several amines using a microwave-induced molecular iodine-catalyzed reaction under solventless conditions.

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Comparative Genetics Of Seven Plants Endemic To Florida’S Lake Wales Ridge, Eric S. Menges, Rebecca W. Dolan, Rebecca Yahr, Doria R. Gordan Apr 2010

Comparative Genetics Of Seven Plants Endemic To Florida’S Lake Wales Ridge, Eric S. Menges, Rebecca W. Dolan, Rebecca Yahr, Doria R. Gordan

Rebecca W. Dolan

Here we submit that mathematical tools used in population viability analysis can be used in conjunction with floristic and faunistic surveys to predict changes in biogeographic range. We illustrate our point by summarizing the results of a demographic study of Lobelia boykinii. In this study we used deterministic and stochastic matrix models to estimate the growth rate and to predict the time to extinction for three populations growing in the Carolina bays. The stochastic model better discriminated among the fates of the three populations. It predicted extinction for two populations in the next 25 years but no extinction of the …

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Methods For Reducing False Alarms In Searches For Compact Binary Coalescences In Ligo Data, Duncan Brown, J. Slutsky Apr 2010

Methods For Reducing False Alarms In Searches For Compact Binary Coalescences In Ligo Data, Duncan Brown, J. Slutsky

Physics - All Scholarship

The LIGO detectors are sensitive to a variety of noise transients of non-astrophysical origin. Instrumental glitches and environmental disturbances increase the false alarm rate in the searches for gravitational waves. Using times already identified when the interferometers produced data of questionable quality, or when the channels that monitor the interferometer indicated non-stationarity, we have developed techniques to safely and effectively veto false triggers from the compact binary coalescences (CBCs) search pipeline.

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Light Influences Feeding And Growth Of Echinoplutei., Lindsey Milonas, Bruno Pernet, Brian L. Bingham Apr 2010

Light Influences Feeding And Growth Of Echinoplutei., Lindsey Milonas, Bruno Pernet, Brian L. Bingham

Environmental Sciences Faculty and Staff Publications

Because planktonic invertebrate larvae may be food-limited, anything that increases feeding and digestive efficiency should increase the chances of larval survival to metamorphosis. As light directly enhances both feeding and digestion in some planktonic heterotrophic protists, we hypothesize that similar processes might occur in the larvae of marine invertebrates. We studied the direct effects of light on feeding and development in sea urchin larvae (Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis, S. franciscanus and sand dollar Dendraster excentricus). Larvae were placed in 12:12 h light:dark cycles or in complete darkness and ingestion rates were measured. We monitored larval morphology during the first …

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Dihydropyran Formation By A Two Step Process, James Zachary Wright Apr 2010

Dihydropyran Formation By A Two Step Process, James Zachary Wright

Undergraduate Honors Thesis Collection

The 2, 6-disubstitued dihydropyran is produced by a two step process, involving a Suzuki Miyaura Cross Coupling reaction followed by anintramolecular ring closing Michael Addition reaction. In this project a vinyl boronic acid, 6-(2-phenylethenyl)-2-hydroxy-I,2-oxaborole, was coupled with cis-ethyl-iodo-acrylate to yield ethyI 2E, 4Z, 8E-9-phenyl-7-hydroxy-2, 4, 8-nonatrienoate, which is capable of undergoing an intramolecular Michael addition to form the dihydropyran. The geometry of the cis enolate and the conjugated double bonds of the coupled product are such that under basic conditions a Michael addition is feasible. Throughout the project, the reaction conditions for high yields of Suzuki product were determined. Dihydropyrans …

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Study Of The Anomalous Thermochemical Behavior Of 1,2-Diazines By Correlation-Gas Chromatography, Dmitry Lipkind, James S. Chickos, Joel F. Liebman Apr 2010

Study Of The Anomalous Thermochemical Behavior Of 1,2-Diazines By Correlation-Gas Chromatography, Dmitry Lipkind, James S. Chickos, Joel F. Liebman

James Chickos

No abstract provided.

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Regressive Functions On Pairs, Andrés Eduardo Caicedo Apr 2010

Regressive Functions On Pairs, Andrés Eduardo Caicedo

Andrés E. Caicedo

We compute an explicit upper bound for the regressive Ramsey numbers by a combinatorial argument, the corresponding function being of Ackermannian growth. For this, we look at the more general problem of bounding g(n, m), the least l such that any regressive function ƒ: [m, l][2]→ℕ admits a min-homogeneous set of size n. Analysis of this function also leads to the simplest known proof that the regressive Ramsey numbers have rate of growth at least Ackermannian. Together, these results give a purely combinatorial proof that, for each m, g(·, m) has rate of growth precisely Ackermannian, considerably improve the previously …

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Was Jesus Illegitimate? The Evidence Of His Social Interactions, James F. Mcgrath Apr 2010

Was Jesus Illegitimate? The Evidence Of His Social Interactions, James F. Mcgrath

James F. McGrath

This article examines the social status of the historical Jesus in relation to recent studies that place Jesus into the social category of an illegitimate child. After surveying the evidence with respect to the situation of such individuals in first century Mediterranean and Jewish society, we shall proceed to examine whether Jesus' implied social status (as evidenced by accounts of his adult social interactions) coheres with what one would expect in the case of someone who bore the stigma of that status. Our study suggests that the scandal caused by Jesus' association with the marginalized clearly implies that he did …

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Was Jesus Illegitimate? The Evidence Of His Social Interactions, James F. Mcgrath Apr 2010

Was Jesus Illegitimate? The Evidence Of His Social Interactions, James F. Mcgrath

James F. McGrath

This article examines the social status of the historical Jesus in relation to recent studies that place Jesus into the social category of an illegitimate child. After surveying the evidence with respect to the situation of such individuals in first century Mediterranean and Jewish society, we shall proceed to examine whether Jesus' implied social status (as evidenced by accounts of his adult social interactions) coheres with what one would expect in the case of someone who bore the stigma of that status. Our study suggests that the scandal caused by Jesus' association with the marginalized clearly implies that he did …

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Codes From Riemann-Roch Spaces For Y2 = Xp - X Over Gf(P), Darren B. Glass, David Joyner, Amy Ksir Apr 2010

Codes From Riemann-Roch Spaces For Y2 = Xp - X Over Gf(P), Darren B. Glass, David Joyner, Amy Ksir

Math Faculty Publications

Let Χ denote the hyperelliptic curve y2 = xp - x over a field F of characteristic p. The automorphism group of Χ is G = PSL(2, p). Let D be a G-invariant divisor on Χ(F). We compute explicit F-bases for the Riemann-Roch space of D in many cases as well as G-module decompositions. AG codes with good parameters and large automorphism group are constructed as a result. Numerical examples using GAP and SAGE are also given.

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Modeling Growth And Telomere Dynamics In Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, Peter Olofsson, Alison A. Bertuch Apr 2010

Modeling Growth And Telomere Dynamics In Saccharomyces Cerevisiae, Peter Olofsson, Alison A. Bertuch

Mathematics Faculty Research

A general branching process is proposed to model a population of cells of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae following loss of telomerase. Previously published experimental data indicate that a population of telomerase-deficient cells regain exponential growth after a period of slowing due to critical telomere shortening. The explanation for this phenomenon is that some cells engage telomerase-independent pathways to maintain telomeres that allow them to become “survivors.” Our model takes into account random variation in individual cell cycle times, telomere length, finite lifespan of mother cells, and survivorship. We identify and estimate crucial parameters such as the probability of an individual …

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Recovery Of The Baseline Incidence Density In Censored Time-To-Event Analysis, Mikel Aickin Apr 2010

Recovery Of The Baseline Incidence Density In Censored Time-To-Event Analysis, Mikel Aickin

COBRA Preprint Series

Abstract Time-to-event analyses are often concerned with the effects of explanatory factors on the underlying incidence density, but since there is no intrinsic interest in the form of the incidence density itself, a proportional hazards model is used. When part of the purpose of the analysis is to use actual cumulative incidence for simulation, or for providing informative visual displays of the results, an estimate of the baseline incidence density is required. The usual method for estimating the baseline hazards in Cox’s proportional hazards analysis yields values that are of little use, and furthermore no standard deviations of the estimates …

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Chemical Switching Behaviour Of Tricarbonylrhenium(I) Complexes Of A New Redox Active ‘Pincer’ Ligand, Sarath Wanniarachchi, Brendan J Liddle, John Toussaint, Sergey Lindeman, Brian Bennett, James R. Gardinier Apr 2010

Chemical Switching Behaviour Of Tricarbonylrhenium(I) Complexes Of A New Redox Active ‘Pincer’ Ligand, Sarath Wanniarachchi, Brendan J Liddle, John Toussaint, Sergey Lindeman, Brian Bennett, James R. Gardinier

Physics Faculty Research and Publications

The structures and optoelectronic properties of tricarbonylrhenium(I) complexes of di(2-pyrazolyl-p-tolyl)amine in its neutral and deprotonated (uninegative amido) form were investigated. Reactions of the complexes with Brønsted acids or bases result in distinctive changes of colour and electrochemical activity owing to the non-innocent nature of the ligand.

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Segmentation And Fracture Detection In X-Ray Images For Traumatic Pelvic Injury, Rebecca Smith Apr 2010

Segmentation And Fracture Detection In X-Ray Images For Traumatic Pelvic Injury, Rebecca Smith

Theses and Dissertations

Due to the risk of complications such as hemorrhage, severe pelvic trauma is associated with a high mortality rate. Prompt medical treatment is therefore vital. However, the complexity of the injuries can make successful diagnosis and treatment challenging. By generating predictions and recommendations based on patient data, computer-aided decision support systems have the potential to assist physicians in improving outcomes. However, no current system considers features automatically extracted from medical images. This dissertation describes a system to extract diagnostic features from pelvic X-ray images that can be used as input to the prediction process; specifically, the presence of fracture and …

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Water Quality Monitoring Program For Bermuda's Coastal Resources, Joseph N. Boyer, Henry O. Briceño Apr 2010

Water Quality Monitoring Program For Bermuda's Coastal Resources, Joseph N. Boyer, Henry O. Briceño

SERC Research Reports

No abstract provided.

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Overcoming Obstacles To Test-Driven Learning On Day One, John Clements, David S. Janzen Apr 2010

Overcoming Obstacles To Test-Driven Learning On Day One, John Clements, David S. Janzen

Computer Science and Software Engineering

We describe the preliminary construction of a web-based tool for test-driven learning in the first weeks of programming. We discuss obstacles to test-driven learning--both pragmatic and ideological--and describe the ways that we believe our tool overcomes these obstacles.

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Abundance And Fractionation Of Al, Fe And Trace Metals Following Tidal Inundation Of A Tropical Acid Sulfate Soil, Scott Johnston, Edward Burton, Richard Bush, Annabelle Keene, Leigh Sullivan, C Smith, Angus Mcelnea, Colin Ahern, Bernard Powell Apr 2010

Abundance And Fractionation Of Al, Fe And Trace Metals Following Tidal Inundation Of A Tropical Acid Sulfate Soil, Scott Johnston, Edward Burton, Richard Bush, Annabelle Keene, Leigh Sullivan, C Smith, Angus Mcelnea, Colin Ahern, Bernard Powell

Associate Professor Edward D Burton

Tidal inundation was restored to a severely degraded tropical acid sulfate soil landscape and subsequent changes in the abundance and fractionation of Al, Fe and selected trace metals were investigated. After 5 a of regular tidal inundation there were large decreases in water-soluble and exchangeable Al fractions within former sulfuric horizons. This was strongly associated with decreased soil acidity and increases in pH, suggesting pH-dependent immobilisation of Al via precipitation as poorly soluble phases. The water-soluble fractions of Fe, Zn, Ni and Mn also decreased. However, there was substantial enrichment (2¨C5¡Á) of the reactive Fe fraction (FeR; 1 M HCl …

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Spatial And Temporal Changes In Estuarine Water Quality During A Post-Flood Hypoxic Event, Vanessa Wong, Scott Johnston, Richard Bush, Leigh Sullivan, Christina Clay, Edward Burton, Peter Slavich Apr 2010

Spatial And Temporal Changes In Estuarine Water Quality During A Post-Flood Hypoxic Event, Vanessa Wong, Scott Johnston, Richard Bush, Leigh Sullivan, Christina Clay, Edward Burton, Peter Slavich

Associate Professor Edward D Burton

A major fish kill occurred in the Richmond River estuary in January 2008 due to oxygen depletion following extensive overbank flooding. This paper examines spatial and temporal changes in the chemistry of main channel waters, thereby identifying the primary sources of deoxygenating water. Over 40 km of the mid- to lower estuary main channel was deoxygenated within seven days of the flood peak. Hypoxia was confined to downstream of the confluences with mid-estuary backswamp basins and occurred during the later phase of the flood recession. Water chemistry at key locations in the estuary indicated elevated concentrations of redox sensitive species …

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On Approximating Point Spread Distributions, Tamas Lengyel Apr 2010

On Approximating Point Spread Distributions, Tamas Lengyel

Tamas Lengyel

We discuss some properties of the point spread distribution, defined as the distribution of the difference of two independent binomial random variables with the same parameter n in- cluding exact and approximate probabilities and related optimization issues. We use various approximation techniques for different distributions, special functions, and analytic, combi- natorial and symbolic methods, such as multi-summation techniques. We prove that in case of unequal success rates, if these rates change with their difference kept fix and small, and n is appropriately bounded, then the point spread distribution only slightly changes for small point differences. We also prove that for …

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The Clute Holotypes And The Herbarium Of Willard Nelson Clute In The Friesner Herbarium Of Butler University, Rebecca W. Dolan Apr 2010

The Clute Holotypes And The Herbarium Of Willard Nelson Clute In The Friesner Herbarium Of Butler University, Rebecca W. Dolan

Rebecca W. Dolan

The herbarium of Willard Nelson Clute is housed in the Friesner Herbarium (BUT). Clute, co-founder of the American Fern Society, was a staff member at Butler University in the 1920's and 30's. His collection of ferns and fern allies from the tum of the century is significant for its selected regional coverage and for type specimens of taxa described by Clute and other fern specialists of the day.

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Rethinking Mechanistic Explanation, Stuart Glennan Apr 2010

Rethinking Mechanistic Explanation, Stuart Glennan

Stuart Glennan

Philosophers of science typically associate the causal-mechanical view of scientific explanation with the work of Railton and Salmon. In this paper I shall argue that the defects of this view arise from an inadequate analysis of the concept of mechanism. I contrast Salmon's account of mechanisms in terms of the causal nexus with my own account of mechanisms, in which mechanisms are viewed as complex systems. After describing these two concepts of mechanism, I show how the complex-systems approach avoids certain objections to Salmon's account of causal-mechanical explanation. I conclude by discussing how mechanistic explanations can provide understanding by unification.

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Paraboloidal Crystals, Mark Bowick, Luca Giomi Apr 2010

Paraboloidal Crystals, Mark Bowick, Luca Giomi

Physics - All Scholarship

The interplay between order and geometry in soft condensed matter systems is an active field with many striking results and even more open problems. Ordered structures on curved surfaces appear in multi-electron helium bubbles, viral and bacteriophage protein capsids, colloidal self-assembly at interfaces and in physical membranes. Spatial curvature can lead to novel ground state configurations featuring arrays of topological defects that would be excited states in planar systems. We illustrate this with a sequence of images showing the Voronoi lattice (in gold) and the corresponding Delaunay triangulations (in green) for ten low energy configurations of a system of classical …

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Medicen, Bahram Agheli Apr 2010

Medicen, Bahram Agheli

Bahram Agheli

No abstract provided.

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Growth Of Metamorphic Ingap For Wide-Bandgap Photovoltaic Junction By Mbe, John Simon, Stephanie Tomasulo, Paul J. Simmonds, Manuel J. Romero, Minjoo Larry Lee Apr 2010

Growth Of Metamorphic Ingap For Wide-Bandgap Photovoltaic Junction By Mbe, John Simon, Stephanie Tomasulo, Paul J. Simmonds, Manuel J. Romero, Minjoo Larry Lee

Paul J. Simmonds

Metamorphic triple-junction solar cells can currently attain efficiencies as high as 41.1%. Using additional junctions could lead to efficiencies above 50%, but require the development of a wide bandgap (2.0-2.2eV) material to act as the top layer. In this work we demonstrate wide bandgap InyGa1-yP grown on GaAsxP1-x via solid source molecular beam epitaxy. Unoptimized tensile GaAsxP1-x buffers grown on GaAs exhibit asymmetric strain relaxation, along with formation of faceted trenches 100-300 nm deep in the [01-1] direction. Smaller grading step size and higher substrate temperatures minimizes the facet trench …

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