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2012

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Articles 151 - 180 of 12196

Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Allocating Harmonic Emission To Mv Customers In Long Feeder Systems, D A. Robinson, Victor J. Gosbell Dec 2012

Allocating Harmonic Emission To Mv Customers In Long Feeder Systems, D A. Robinson, Victor J. Gosbell

Dr Duane Robinson

Previous work has attempted to find satisfactory methods for the allocation of harmonic current emission MV subsystems containing long feeders. It has been proposed that best use of the network's harmonic absorption capacity is made if the allocated current varies with the inverse square root of the harmonic impedance at the point of connection. It has been shown that an exact solution following this principle requires an impracticably large amount of data. Here it is assumed that each feeder supplied from a given substation has its load distributed uniformly and continuously along it, giving equations requiring only a modest amount …


How Should Power Quality Be Reported?, Victor Gosbell, D Robinson, Victor Smith, Robert Barr Dec 2012

How Should Power Quality Be Reported?, Victor Gosbell, D Robinson, Victor Smith, Robert Barr

Dr Duane Robinson

No abstract provided.


The Application Of Iec 61000-3-6 To Mv Systems In Australia, Victor J. Gosbell, D A. Robinson, Sarath Perera, Alex Baitch Dec 2012

The Application Of Iec 61000-3-6 To Mv Systems In Australia, Victor J. Gosbell, D A. Robinson, Sarath Perera, Alex Baitch

Dr Duane Robinson

IEC 61000-3-6 [1] comprises a number of stages and tests to determine harmonic emission allowances for customers connected to MV or HV networks. Of particular importance is the section concerning loads distributed along a feeder, each having a different fault level. Although a common situation, the treatment given in the IEC standard is poorly described, being largely illustrated by one atypical example. This allows simplifying assumptions to be made which are invalid in practical cases. This paper outlines a more general approach that is relatively easy to apply.


Assessing The Future Of Electrical Power Engineering: A Report On Electrical Power Engineering Manpower Requirements In Australia, Victor Gosbell, D Robinson Dec 2012

Assessing The Future Of Electrical Power Engineering: A Report On Electrical Power Engineering Manpower Requirements In Australia, Victor Gosbell, D Robinson

Dr Duane Robinson

In 2001 the Electric Energy Society of Australia (EESA) developed concerns based on anecdotal evidence that there was a looming shortage of electrical power engineers in Australia. Information from the electrical power industry and academic communities was obtained through two separate survey questionnaires, a discussion workshop, and a number of submissions. This information was collated and compiled into 'Assessing the Future of Electrical Power Engineering: a Report on Electrical Power Engineering Manpower Requirements in Australia'.


A Transient Index For Reporting Power Quality Surveys, Victor J. Gosbell, Sarath Perera, D A. Robinson, Chandana Herath Dec 2012

A Transient Index For Reporting Power Quality Surveys, Victor J. Gosbell, Sarath Perera, D A. Robinson, Chandana Herath

Dr Duane Robinson

Impulsive transients are often blamed for the destruction of customer appliances. Advances in Power Quality (PQ) monitors will soon make it feasible to incorporate impulsive transients into routine power quality surveys. This paper considers how the transient events captured over a period at many sites may be reported in a simple but useful manner. The paper first summarizes a recent publication by some of the authors, which attempt to give a complete framework for the analysis of utility PQ data. This framework provides a basis for evaluating existing transient characterization practices as well as for the proposed new transient index …


Clustering, Classification And Explanatory Rules From Harmonic Monitoring Data, Ali Asheibi, David A. Stirling, Danny Sutanto, D A. Robinson Dec 2012

Clustering, Classification And Explanatory Rules From Harmonic Monitoring Data, Ali Asheibi, David A. Stirling, Danny Sutanto, D A. Robinson

Dr Duane Robinson

A method based on the successful AutoClass (Cheeseman & Stutz, 1996) and the Snob research programs (Wallace & Dowe, 1994); (Baxter & Wallace, 1996) has been chosen for our research work on harmonic classification. The method utilizes mixture models (McLachlan, 1992) as a representation of the formulated clusters. This research is principally based on the formation of such mixture models (typically based on Gaussian distributions) through a Minimum Message Length (MML) encoding scheme (Wallace & Boulton, 1968). During the formation of such mixture models the various derivative tools (algorithms) allow for the automated selection of the number of clusters and …


The Estimation Of Continuous Pq Disturbance Levels In Distribution Systems, Victor J. Gosbell, D A. Robinson Dec 2012

The Estimation Of Continuous Pq Disturbance Levels In Distribution Systems, Victor J. Gosbell, D A. Robinson

Dr Duane Robinson

A simple method is given for estimating the continuous PQ disturbance level at a site. It is based on determining a "Voltage Distortion Increment" (VDI) for each segment of the network and then adding the VDIs from a given site back to an upstream site where levels are taken to be zero. The VDI is conveniently expressible in the form of S(MVA) times length (km), where "length" correspond to the physical length in the case of MV overhead lines and an equivalent length for other components. The method is verified by a comparison with field survey data. The voltage distortion …


Power Quality Data Analysis Using Unsupervised Data Mining, Ali Asheibi, David A. Stirling, Sarath Perera, D A. Robinson Dec 2012

Power Quality Data Analysis Using Unsupervised Data Mining, Ali Asheibi, David A. Stirling, Sarath Perera, D A. Robinson

Dr Duane Robinson

The rapid increase in the size of databases required to store power quality monitoring data has demanded new techniques for analysing and understanding the data. One suggested technique to assist in analysis is data mining. Data mining is a process that uses a variety of data analysis tools to identify hidden patterns and relationships within large samples of data. This paper presents several data mining tools and techniques that are applicable to power quality data analysis to enable efficient reporting of disturbance indices and identify network problems through pattern recognition. This paper also presents results of data mining techniques applied …


Harmonic Planning Levels For Australian Distribution Systems, Victor J. Gosbell, Victor W. Smith, D A. Robinson, W Miller Dec 2012

Harmonic Planning Levels For Australian Distribution Systems, Victor J. Gosbell, Victor W. Smith, D A. Robinson, W Miller

Dr Duane Robinson

A modelling technique is developed for determining the harmonic voltage distribution across a distribution system when there is an equitable distribution of harmonic emission. The harmonic voltages at the 132kV and 415V levels are fixed to values based on IEC Compatibility and Planning Levels and the intermediate voltages determined. Studies are made of six systems, typical of Australian distribution practice, to examine the effect of choice of voltage level and system parameters over the harmonic range of 2-40. Based on the study, harmonic Planning Levels are recommended for application to Australian distribution systems.


Sag Testing Of Dairy Farm Milking Equipment, V. J. Gosbell, V. Smith, D. A. Robinson, B. S. Perera Dec 2012

Sag Testing Of Dairy Farm Milking Equipment, V. J. Gosbell, V. Smith, D. A. Robinson, B. S. Perera

Dr Duane Robinson

Sags are widely reported as being one of the worst power quality problems and are particularly common in rural areas. Automated milking equipment on dairy farms are thus very susceptible to malfunction by sags. In assessing the relative cost/benefits of sag mitigation in the dairy or the supply network it is important to know the dairy equipment immunity level. It is shown how a harmonic generator can be used to determine this information. Testing revealed that the motor contactor was a critical component as it was unable to ride through a 40% sag longer than about 0.5 seconds. The milking …


Sources Of Error In Unbalance Measurements, Victor Gosbell, H Herath, Sarath Perera, D Robinson Dec 2012

Sources Of Error In Unbalance Measurements, Victor Gosbell, H Herath, Sarath Perera, D Robinson

Dr Duane Robinson

The paper aims to assess sources of error in attempting to meet standards for the measurement and reporting of negative sequence voltage unbalance. This is of importance when making use of low performance instrumentation where three difficulties may arise: (i) rms voltages rather than the fundamental is used; (ii) the magnitude but not the phase of line-neutral voltages are available; and (iii) voltage values are averaged over a period longer than standards require. The presence of harmonics at normal levels is shown to give negligible error on unbalance calculations. When lineneutral voltages are used, and zero sequence is present, the …


Response Of Mains Connected Induction Motors To Low Frequency Voltage Fluctuations From A Flicker Perspective, Sankika Tennakoon, Sarath Perera, D A. Robinson Dec 2012

Response Of Mains Connected Induction Motors To Low Frequency Voltage Fluctuations From A Flicker Perspective, Sankika Tennakoon, Sarath Perera, D A. Robinson

Dr Duane Robinson

In radial power systems flicker transfer from a higher voltage level (upstream) to a lower voltage level (downstream) is seen to be significantly affected by the downstream load composition. Industrial load bases containing mains connected induction motors are known to be effective in the flicker attenuation process compared to residential load bases containing passive loads. For better understanding of the flicker attenuation influenced by induction motors their dynamic behaviour has to be closely investigated under fluctuating supply conditions. This paper presents the methodology and results of investigations undertaken to examine the response of an induction motor to small perturbations in …


Power Quality: Recommendations For The Application Of As/Nzs 61000.3.6 And As/Nzs 6100.3.7, Victor Gosbell, Sarath Perera, Victor Smith, D Robinson, Graeme Sanders Dec 2012

Power Quality: Recommendations For The Application Of As/Nzs 61000.3.6 And As/Nzs 6100.3.7, Victor Gosbell, Sarath Perera, Victor Smith, D Robinson, Graeme Sanders

Dr Duane Robinson

No abstract provided.


Data Management For Large Scale Power Quality Surveys, Murray-Luke Peard, Sean T. Elphick, Victor W. Smith, Victor J. Gosbell, D A. Robinson Dec 2012

Data Management For Large Scale Power Quality Surveys, Murray-Luke Peard, Sean T. Elphick, Victor W. Smith, Victor J. Gosbell, D A. Robinson

Dr Duane Robinson

For large scale power quality surveys, the management of the large amount of data generated is a major issue. This paper presents solutions to three main areas of data management, viz. a data interchange format, database design and data processing. Consideration of these issues has come about as a result of the Long Term National Power Quality Survey currently being conducted by the University of Wollongong, and reference is made to that specific application for illustrative purposes.


Harmonics And Flicker Levels At A Sub-Transmission Substation: A Measurement Experience, D A. Robinson, Victor J. Gosbell, Sarath Perera, N Browne Dec 2012

Harmonics And Flicker Levels At A Sub-Transmission Substation: A Measurement Experience, D A. Robinson, Victor J. Gosbell, Sarath Perera, N Browne

Dr Duane Robinson

Proactive monitoring of power quality disturbance levels by electricity utilities is vital to allow cost-effective mitigation when disturbances are perceived to be approaching planning levels and also to protect the security of customer installations. Ensuring that disturbance levels are within limits at the HV and EHV points of supply of the network is essential if satisfactory levels downstream are to be maintained. This paper presents discussion on a power quality monitoring campaign performed at the sub-transmission point of supply of a distribution network with the objective of benchmarking background disturbance levels prior to modifications to the substation and to ensure …


Harmonic Impact Of Photovoltaic Inverters On Low Voltage Distribution Systems, Ahmed Latheef, D A. Robinson, Victor J. Gosbell, Victor W. Smith Dec 2012

Harmonic Impact Of Photovoltaic Inverters On Low Voltage Distribution Systems, Ahmed Latheef, D A. Robinson, Victor J. Gosbell, Victor W. Smith

Dr Duane Robinson

The number of installations of photovoltaic solar panels and associated inverter systems within residential premises is increasing. As these systems incorporate a power electronics front end, they will have an influence on the quality of supply in regards to voltage harmonics. This paper investigates the harmonic impact on an LV distribution feeder due to the installation of residential type grid connected photovoltaic inverter systems. To undertake the study an aggregated current source model is proposed for the photovoltaic inverter systems based on measurement data from available literature and the relevant international standards. A typical LV distribution feeder including load arrangements …


Harmonic Survey Of An Mv Distribution System, Victor J. Gosbell, Damian Mannix, D A. Robinson, Sarath Perera Dec 2012

Harmonic Survey Of An Mv Distribution System, Victor J. Gosbell, Damian Mannix, D A. Robinson, Sarath Perera

Dr Duane Robinson

The harmonic survey of a medium voltage distribution system involves three major aspects: (i) the choice of harmonic monitor, (ii) the choice of monitoring site, (iii) processing and presentation of results. As well as a discussion of the methodology for these aspects, the paper will discuss the harmonic levels measured, the minimum survey requirements for finding useful data and the harmonic parameters of residential, commercial and industrial loads.


Simplicity Of C*-Algebras Associated To Row-Finite Locally Convex Higher-Rank Graphs, David Robertson, Aidan Sims Dec 2012

Simplicity Of C*-Algebras Associated To Row-Finite Locally Convex Higher-Rank Graphs, David Robertson, Aidan Sims

Dr David Robertson

In a previous work, the authors showed that the C*-algebra C*(\Lambda) of a row-finite higher-rank graph \Lambda with no sources is simple if and only if \Lambda is both cofinal and aperiodic. In this paper, we generalise this result to row-finite higher-rank graphs which are locally convex (but may contain sources). Our main tool is Farthing's "removing sources" construction which embeds a row-finite locally convex higher-rank graph in a row-finite higher-rank graph with no sources in such a way that the associated C*-algebras are Morita equivalent.


Survival Of Eastern Oysters Crassostrea Virginica From Three Lines Following Experimental Challenge With Bacterial Pathogens, Javier Gomez-Leon, Luisa Villamil, Scott A. Salger, Rachel Sallum, Antonio Remacha-Trivino, Dale F. Leavitt, Marta Gomez-Chiarri Dec 2012

Survival Of Eastern Oysters Crassostrea Virginica From Three Lines Following Experimental Challenge With Bacterial Pathogens, Javier Gomez-Leon, Luisa Villamil, Scott A. Salger, Rachel Sallum, Antonio Remacha-Trivino, Dale F. Leavitt, Marta Gomez-Chiarri

Marta Gomez-Chiarri

Shellfish production is often affected by bacterial pathogens that cause high losses in hatcheries and nurseries. We evaluated the relative survival of larvae and juveniles of 3 Crassostrea virginica oyster lines: (1) GHP, a Rhode Island line; (2) NEHY, a line resistant to dermo and multinucleated sphere X diseases; and (3) FLOWERS, a line resistant to Roseovarius oyster disease, experimental challenge with Vibrio spp. isolates RE22 and RE101, causative agents of bacillary necrosis in Pacific oyster larvae, and the type strain of Roseovarius crassostreae, causative agent of Roseovarius oyster disease. All of the isolates were able to induce significant mortalities …


Infectious Necrotizing Enteritis And Mortality Caused By Vibrio Carachariae In Summer Flounder Paralichthys Dentatus During Intensive Culture, Bruno Soffientino, Todd Gwaltney, David R. Nelson, Jennifer L. Specker, Michael Mauel, Marta Gomez-Chiarri Dec 2012

Infectious Necrotizing Enteritis And Mortality Caused By Vibrio Carachariae In Summer Flounder Paralichthys Dentatus During Intensive Culture, Bruno Soffientino, Todd Gwaltney, David R. Nelson, Jennifer L. Specker, Michael Mauel, Marta Gomez-Chiarri

Marta Gomez-Chiarri

An epizootic causing mortality among cultured summer flounder Paralichthys dentatus occurred in summer of 1998 at a land-based facility on Narragansett Bay, Rhode Island, USA. The disease, flounder infectious necrotizing enteritis (FINE), was characterized by reddening around the anal area, distended abdomens filled with opaque serosanguineous fluid, enteritis and necrosis of the posterior intestine. In extreme cases of the disease, the posterior intestine was detached from the anus and was observed coming out the vent. The intestine of individuals that recovered from the dsease ended in a blind-sac; the abdomens of these fish were distended, due to food and water …


Tutorial Report: Understanding Spatial Thought Through Language Use, Thora Tenbrink, Tommaso D'Odorico, Christoph Hertzberg, Güzin Mazman, Chiara Meneghetti, Nina Reshöft, Jinlong Yang Dec 2012

Tutorial Report: Understanding Spatial Thought Through Language Use, Thora Tenbrink, Tommaso D'Odorico, Christoph Hertzberg, Güzin Mazman, Chiara Meneghetti, Nina Reshöft, Jinlong Yang

Journal of Spatial Information Science

The tutorial "Understanding spatial thought through language use" took place at the International Spatial Cognition Conference on August 31, 2012 at Kloster Seeon in Germany. This report outlines the main rationale for the tutorial along with central contributions by its participants, who considerably enhanced the success of the tutorial by sharing and discussing their own research experiences with respect to the analysis of language in spatial cognition contexts. The tutorial's website is http://knirb.net/TutorialSC2012.html.


Geospatial Images In The Acquisition Of Spatial Knowledge For Wayfinding, Pyry Kettunen, Katja Irvankoski, Christina M. Krause, Tapani Sarjakoski, L. Tiina Sarjakoski Dec 2012

Geospatial Images In The Acquisition Of Spatial Knowledge For Wayfinding, Pyry Kettunen, Katja Irvankoski, Christina M. Krause, Tapani Sarjakoski, L. Tiina Sarjakoski

Journal of Spatial Information Science

Geospatial images such as maps and aerial photographs are important sources of spatial knowledge that people use for wayfinding. The rapid development of geodata acquisition and digital graphics has recently led to rather complete geographic coverage of both traditional and novel types of geospatial images. Divergent types of geospatial images vary in their support of human acquisition of spatial knowledge. However evaluative studies about the acquisition of spatial knowledge from the diversity of geospatial images have been rare. In this article we review a variety of literature about the acquisition of spatial knowledge while paying particular attention to the role …


The Influence Of Landscape Variation On Landform Categorization, Maia Williams, Werner Kuhn, Marco Painho Dec 2012

The Influence Of Landscape Variation On Landform Categorization, Maia Williams, Werner Kuhn, Marco Painho

Journal of Spatial Information Science

This paper compares the landform vocabularies of residents from two regions in Portugal. Participants described both their own and the other less familiar landscapes in response to video footage of the regions. The results indicate that participants used more detailed vocabularies to describe the known landscape compared to the less familiar study site with detail triggered by individual place recognition. A relationship between landform lexica content and landscape type was observed in the relative placement of detail within each vocabulary. The observed drivers of categorization were the salient features of the landscape (elevation and land cover) and utilitarian motivations (land …


Approaching The Notion Of Place By Contrast, Stephan Winter, Christian Freksa Dec 2012

Approaching The Notion Of Place By Contrast, Stephan Winter, Christian Freksa

Journal of Spatial Information Science

Place is an elusive notion in geographic information science. This paper presents an approach to capture the notion of place by contrast. This approach is developed from cognitive concepts and the language that is used to describe places. It is complementary to those of coordinate-based systems that dominate contemporary geographic information systems. Accordingly the approach is aimed at explaining structures in verbal place descriptions and at localizing objects without committing to geometrically specified positions in space. We will demonstrate how locations can be identified by place names that are not crisply defined in terms of geometric regions. Capturing the human …


Spatial Reasoning With Augmented Points: Extending Cardinal Directions With Local Distances, Reinhard Moratz, Jan Oliver Wallgrün Dec 2012

Spatial Reasoning With Augmented Points: Extending Cardinal Directions With Local Distances, Reinhard Moratz, Jan Oliver Wallgrün

Journal of Spatial Information Science

We present an approach for supplying existing qualitative direction calculi with a distance component to support fully fledged positional reasoning. The general underlying idea of augmenting points with local reference properties has already been applied in the OPRAm calculus. In this existing calculus point objects are attached with a local reference direction to obtain oriented points and able to express relative direction using binary relations. We show how this approach can be extended to attach a granular distance concept to direction calculi such as the cardinal direction calculus or adjustable granularity calculi such as OPRAm or the Star calculus. We …


Information Content Of Seasonal Forecasts In A Changing Climate, Nir Krakauer, Michael D. Grossberg, Irina Gladkova, Hannah Aizenman Dec 2012

Information Content Of Seasonal Forecasts In A Changing Climate, Nir Krakauer, Michael D. Grossberg, Irina Gladkova, Hannah Aizenman

Publications and Research

We study the potential value to stakeholders of probabilistic long-term forecasts, as quantified by the mean information gain of the forecast compared to climatology. We use as a case study the USA Climate Prediction Center (CPC) forecasts of 3-month temperature and precipitation anomalies made at 0.5-month lead time since 1995. Mean information gain was positive but low (about 2% and 0.5% of the maximum possible for temperature and precipitation forecasts, resp.) and has not increased over time. Information-based skill scores showed similar patterns to other, non-information-based, skill scores commonly used for evaluating seasonal forecasts but tended to be smaller, suggesting …


A Modular Mind? A Test Using Individual Data From Seven Primate Species, Federica Amici, Bradley Barney, Valen E. Johnson, Josep Call, Filippo Aureli Dec 2012

A Modular Mind? A Test Using Individual Data From Seven Primate Species, Federica Amici, Bradley Barney, Valen E. Johnson, Josep Call, Filippo Aureli

Faculty Articles

It has long been debated whether the mind consists of specialized and independently evolving modules, or whether and to what extent a general factor accounts for the variance in performance across different cognitive domains. In this study, we used a hierarchical Bayesian model to re-analyse individual level data collected on seven primate species (chimpanzees, bonobos, orangutans, gorillas, spider monkeys, brown capuchin monkeys and long-tailed macaques) across 17 tasks within four domains (inhibition, memory, transposition and support). Our modelling approach evidenced the existence of both a domain-specific factor and a species factor, each accounting for the same amount (17%) of the …


On The Peakon And Soliton Solutions Of An Integrable Pde With Cubic Nonlinearities, Rossen Ivanov, Tony Lyons Dec 2012

On The Peakon And Soliton Solutions Of An Integrable Pde With Cubic Nonlinearities, Rossen Ivanov, Tony Lyons

Conference papers

The interest in the singular solutions (peakons) has been inspired by the Camassa-Holm (CH) equation and its peakons. An integrable peakon equation with cubic nonlinearities was first discovered by Qiao. Another integrable equation with cubic nonlinearities was introduced by V. Novikov . We investigate the peakon and soliton solutions of the Qiao equation.


Tuning Of Alternative Splicing - Switch From Proto-Oncogene To Tumor Suppressor, Aleksandra Shchelkunova, Boris Ermolinsky, Meghan Boyle, Ivan Mendez, Michael Lehker, Karen S. Martirosyan, Alexander V. Kazansky Dec 2012

Tuning Of Alternative Splicing - Switch From Proto-Oncogene To Tumor Suppressor, Aleksandra Shchelkunova, Boris Ermolinsky, Meghan Boyle, Ivan Mendez, Michael Lehker, Karen S. Martirosyan, Alexander V. Kazansky

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications and Presentations

STAT5B, a specific member of the ST AT family, is intimately associated with prostate tumor progression. While the full form of STAT5B is thought to promote tumor progression, a naturally occurring truncated isoform acts as a tumor suppressor. We previously demonstrated that truncated STAT5 is generated by insertion of an alternatively spliced exon and results in the introduction of an early termination codon. Present approaches targeting ST AT proteins based on inhibition of functional domains of STAT's, such as DNA-binding, cooperative binding (protein-protein interaction), dimerization and phosphorylation will halt the action of the entire gene, both the proto-oncogenic and tumor …


Use Of International Hydrographic Organization Tidal Data For Improved Tidal Prediction, Songwei Qi Dec 2012

Use Of International Hydrographic Organization Tidal Data For Improved Tidal Prediction, Songwei Qi

Dissertations and Theses

Tides are the rise and fall of water level caused by gravitational forces exerted by the sun, moon and earth. Understanding sea level variation and its impact currents is very important especially in coastal regions. With knowledge of the tide-generating force and boundary conditions, hydrodynamic models can be used to predict or model tides in coastal regions. However, these models are not sufficiently accurate, and in-situ tide gauge data may be used to improve them in coastal regions. The International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) tidal data bank consists of over 4000 tide gauge stations scattered all around the globe, most of …