Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Revised Late Campanian-Danian Age Of The Melange-Related Turbiditic Sequence In The Mersin Area (Central Taurides, S. Turkey), Hayati̇ Koç, Kemal Tasli, Erol Özer

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

A planktonic foraminiferal assemblage obtained from the Yavca stratigraphic section north of Mersin shows that the age of a melange-related turbiditic sequence extends to the Danian (Early Palaeocene). Previously, this turbiditic sequence, termed the Yavca Formation, was considered to be of Late Cretaceous or Campanian-Maastrichtian age. The formation is either depositionally overlain by the Fındıkpınarı ophiolite-related melange or tectonically by Mersin Ophiolite slices or Jurassic-Cretaceous platform carbonates. Clayey limestone and mudstone samples collected from the type area of the Yavca Formation yielded planktonic foraminiferal assemblages, which include Parasubbotina pseudobulloides (Plummer), P. varianta (Subbotina), Praemurica pseudoinconstans (Blow), P. inconstans (Subbotina), Globanomalina …

Fluctuations Of Sea Water Temperature Based On Nannofloral Changes During The Middle To Late Miocene, Adana Basin, Turkey, Manolya Sinaci

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

Some nannoplankton species are sensitive to water temperatures. While Coccolithus pelagicus and Reticulofenestra gelida indicate cooler water conditions, the genera Discoaster and Sphenolithus and Calcidiscus leptoporus are indicative of warmer water environments. This paper focuses on relative fluctuation of sea water temperatures during the Middle and Late Miocene, emphasised by cold and warm nannofossil changes in abundance in 2 wells. At the A-1 well in the Middle Miocene, the total abundance of cooler water species is 45%, while that of the warmer species is 3%. During the Late Miocene, the total abundance for cooler water species decreases to 34%; in …

Comment On "Al-In-Hornblende Thermobarometry And Sr-Nd-O-Pb Isotopic Compositions Of The Early Miocene Alaçam Granite In Nw Anatolia (Turkey)", Si̇bel Tatar Erkül, Fuat Erkül

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

No abstract provided.

Revisiting The Genesis Of Red Mediterranean Soils, Nicolas Fedoroff, Marie-Agnes Courty

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

This work, aside from being a classical discussion on the processes of rubefaction and illuviation, is an attempt to cross the abundant literature on red Mediterranean soils (RMSs) written by pedologists, and also by paleopedologists and geologists, with the climatic frame established by paleoclimatologists for the Quaternary. Such an approach leads us to consider that the development of the RMSs was discontinuous, occurring during periods of environmental stability, i.e. interglacials, characterized by a humid climate (precipitations exceeding evapotranspiration) with dry and hot summers. The impact of glacial intervals on the RMS covers is presently only partially documented. Aeolian processes during …

The Key Role Of Micromorphology In Studies Of The Genesis Of Clay Minerals And Their Associations In Soils And Its Relevance To Advances In The Philosophy Of Soil Science, Gordon Jock Churchman

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

Micromorphological observations from 3 different published works have been studied to aid understanding of aggregation and of colloids, both unique to soils. Saprolites in Hong Kong included ‘veins’ of different thicknesses and colours. Optical mineralogy identified them as infill from the neogenesis of clays in rock fractures. The common thicker infills resulted from weathering. Dark infill contained comminuted primary minerals whereas thin pale infill originated hydrothermally. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that the size, shape, and mineralogy of the kaolin minerals formed in infill depended on the types of cracks in the saprolites and on drying. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analyses …

Late Holocene Climatic Oscillations Traced By Clay Mineral Assemblages And Other Palaeoceanographic Proxies In Ria De Vigo (Nw Spain), Virginia Martins, Fernando Rocha, Cristina Sequeira, Paula Martins, José Santos, Joao Alveirinho Dias, Olivier Weber, Jean-Marie Jouanneau, Belén Rubio, Daniel Rey, Ana Bernabeu, Eduardo Silva, Lázaro Laut, Rubens Figueira

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

This work aims to study recent climatic oscillations and their influence on sedimentation in the Ria de Vigo, a coastal embayment in Galicia, NW Spain. It is based on the study of clay mineral assemblages, in conjunction with other proxies (granulometric, geochemical, geochronological and microfaunal), in the core KSGX 24. A Benthic Foraminifera High Productivity (BFHP) proxy was used to determine changes in the flux of organic matter (OM) at the bottom of the study area. Total organic carbon (TOC) content is not a suitable proxy to estimate changes in the past supply of OM due to diagenetic processes. The …

Genesis Of The Hydrothermal Karaçayır Kaolinite Deposit In Miocene Volcanics And Palaeozoic Metamorphic Rocks Of The Uşak-Güre Basin, Western Turkey, Selahatti̇n Kadi̇r, Hülya Erkoyun

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

The Karaçayır kaolinite deposit, situated in the Uşak-Güre basin of western Turkey, is hosted by rhyolite and andesite of the Miocene Dikendere volcanics, and by muscovite schist, glaucophane schist, talc schist and chlorite schist of the Palaeozoic Eşme Formation. The association of kaolinization with silicification and Fe-oxidation, and the presence of pyrite, chalcopyrite and gypsum, suggest that hydrothermal alteration processes in the volcanics and schists were controlled by faults. Thus, prevalent kaolinite is associated with quartz, smectite, illite and opal-CT in the centre of the deposit, with relative increases in smectite, illite, chlorite and Fe (oxyhydr)oxide phases outwards and upwards. …

An Avalanche Hazard Model For Bitlis Province, Turkey, Using Gis Based Multicriteria Decision Analysis, Levent Selçuk

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

Most avalanche fatalities in Turkey have occurred in Bitlis Province. The scope of this research was to identify the avalanche hazard area of that province, using geographical information system (GIS) based multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA) and to evaluate it by means of sensitivity and accuracy analysis. The model consists of 5 GIS layers: elevation, slope, aspect, vegetation density, and land use. The hazard model is obtained by using a comparison matrix where all identified criteria of GIS layers are compared against each other. The acceptability of the model was determined using historical events. All of these events plotted over the …

Colour Origin Of Red Sandstone Beds Within The Hüdai Formation (Early Cambrian), Aydıncık (Mersin), Southern Turkey, Muhsi̇n Eren, Selahatti̇n Kadi̇r

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

The basal part of the Hüdai Formation (Early Cambrian) in the Aydıncık (Mersin) area comprises red sandstone beds at different stratigraphic levels, showing ripple cross-lamination. These beds were deposited in the middle to lower part of an intertidal flat environment. Bedding-parallel reddening and its cyclic character suggest syn-sedimentary or early diagenetic red colouration in a marine environment. Both X-ray diffraction and petrographic analyses indicate that the red sandstones are composed of predominantly K-feldspar and quartz grains and an illite matrix. These are dominantly arkosic wacke. A small amount of hematite (

The Geochemistry And Petrology Of The Ophiolitic Rocks From The Kahramanmaraş Region, Southern Turkey, Utku Bağci

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

The regionally important dismembered ophiolitic sequence from the southern Kahramanmaraş region, located along the Arabian-Eurasian collision zone in southeastern Turkey, contains harzburgitic tectonites, ultramafic to mafic cumulates, isotropic gabbros and ophiolite-related metamorphic rocks. The ultramafic-mafic cumulate rocks are composed of wehrlite, lherzolite, olivine websterite, olivine gabbronorite, olivine gabbro and gabbro. The crystallization order of the cumulus phases, the presence of high Ca-plagioclase (An_{83-94}), highly magnesian clinopyroxene (Mg#_{78-93}), olivine (Mg#_{71-91}) and their coexistence in the ultramafic-mafic cumulate rocks indicate a suprasubduction zone (SSZ) environment and suggest that the cumulates were derived from an island arc tholeiitic (IAT) magma. The isotropic gabbros …

Low-Sulfidation Epithermal Au-Ag Mineralization In The Sındırgı District, Balıkesir Province, Turkey, Hüseyi̇n Yilmaz, Fatma Nuran Sönmez, Erhan Akay, Ahmet Keri̇m Şener, Seda Tufan

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

The Sındırgı District (Balıkesir, western Turkey) lies within the Western Anatolian volcanic and extensional province, adjacent to the WNW-trending Simav graben, approximately 130 km NE of İzmir. The Sındırgı mining district is underlain mainly by Miocene volcanic rocks and hosts several low-sulfidation epithermal Au-Ag deposits and prospects located near the towns of Sındırgı and Bigadiç. The Kızıltepe low-sulfidation epithermal gold-silver deposit is located southeast of Yusufçam village (Sındırgı, Balıkesir), and other prospects, including the Kepez, Kavaklıdüz, and Karadüz prospects, are located northeast of Kızıltepe. Potentially economic grades occur at Kızıltepe, which contains a measured and indicated resource of 1.754.790 Mt …

Mineralogical And Physicochemical Properties Of Talc From Emirdağ, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey, Bahri̇ Ersoy, Sedef Di̇kmen, Ahmet Yildiz, Remzi̇ Gören, Ömer Eli̇tok

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

Lens-shaped talc deposits related to Mesozoic gabbroic rocks are exposed in an area of 2 km^2, about 80 km northwest of Afyonkarahisar (western Anatolia). Different alteration zones in talc deposits were determined depending on differences related to the texture and color of the host rock. In order to determine mineralogical, geochemical, and physicochemical features of the Emirdağ talc deposits, X-ray diffractometer, scanning electron microscope (SEM), FT-IR and Mössbauer spectroscopy, differential thermogravimetric analyses, BET-specific surface area, color, water soluble substance, acid-soluble carbonate, and acid-soluble iron tests were performed on the samples collected from different alteration zones in the lateral direction. Four …

Geology And Diagenesis Of A Zeolitic Foça Tuff Unit Deposited In A Miocene Phreatomagmatic Lacustrine Environment (Western Anatolia), Mustafa Albayrak, Abdullah Mete Özgüner

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

This study explains the relations between the depositional environment of a zeolitic tuff unit and its diagenesis. It gives new ideas of the juvenile phreatomagmatic origin of the zeolitic unit with its bentonitic cap rock, and finds that the diagenetic alteration of the volcanic ash deposition in a hot hydrologic system is penecontemporaneous and not epigenetic. A massive, fine-grained zeolitic unit has a sharp contact with the underlying shallow subaqueous rhyolitic dome intrusions and their surrounding volcanoclastic ejecta. Juvenile emanations from the basal subaqueous intrusions activated thorough zeolitic diagenesis within the overlying rhyolitic tuff deposits extending as far as the …

The Mineralogy And Geochemistry Of Neogene Sediments From Eastern Turkey, Southeast Of Arapgir (Malatya), Di̇cle Bal Akkoca, Zeynep Baytaşoğlu

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

The mineralogy and geochemistry of volcaniclastic sediments in the southeastern part of the Arapgir area (Malatya) were studied by optical microscopy, XRD, SEM, ICP-AES, and MS techniques. Samples were collected from the marine and lacustrine deposits of the Dibekli and Böğürlüdağ sections that contained calcite, clay minerals, feldspar, quartz, dolomite, and opal. Clay minerals were mixed layer smectite-chlorite, illite, and palygorskite, with Ca-smectite being the dominant clay phase. Smectite was derived from the transformation of volcanic glass and volcanic rock fragments. The fact that Y, Sc, Co and \SigmaREE concentrations and (La/Lu)N, La/Sc, Sc/Th, Co/Th, Th/U, and Zr/Hf ratios of …

Coastal Inundation Due To Sea Level Rise And Extreme Sea State And Its Potential Impacts: Çukurova Delta Case, Özlem Si̇mav, Dursun Zafer Şeker, Cem Gazi̇oğlu

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

With the rising sea level becoming a more pressing issue to coastal areas, a comprehensive analysis has been conducted to assess the vulnerability of the Çukurova Delta under the projected inundation by the end of the century. The level of inundation was estimated from a multimission satellite altimetry sea level anomaly and significant wave height data between September 1992 and February 2012. Superposed to the clear annual oscillation with 6.2 cm amplitude peaking around the beginning of October, the mean sea level signal exhibits a positive trend of 3.4 ± 0.1 mm/year over the altimetric data period. The extreme wave …

Palaeoenvironmental And Chronological Constraints On The Tuğlu Formation (Çankırı Basin, Central Anatolia, Turkey), Ilaria Mazzini, Natalia Hudáková, Peter Joniak, Marianna Kovacova, Tamás Mikes, Andreas Mulch, Fuat Bora Rojay, Stella Lucifora, Daniela Esu, Ingeborg Soulie-Marsche

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

The Çankırı Basin, located in the northern part of the Central Anatolian Plateau, is a large Tertiary basin where thick Miocene to Quaternary continental sediments overlay the Cretaceous-Tertiary units. This investigation focuses on the Tuğlu Formation, an Upper Miocene succession mainly composed of dark grey silty and organic rich clays. The type section of Tuğlu has been sampled for an array of multidisciplinary analyses. The palaeontological proxies included ostracod, foraminifer, nannoplankton, pollen, molluscs, charophytes, small mammal assemblages, fish, and crab remains. The abiotic parameters studied were: palaeomagnetism and environmental magnetism, stable carbon and oxygen isotope ratios (on ostracods and bulk …

Paleomagnetic Rotations In The Late Miocene Sequence From The Çankırı Basin (Central Anatolia, Turkey): The Role Of Strike-Slip Tectonics, Stella Lucifora, Francesca Cifelli, Fuat Bora Rojay, Massimo Mattei

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

In this paper, new paleomagnetic and anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) data from Miocene continental units of the Çankırı Basin are presented, with the main goal of providing additional constraints on its deformational and rotational history during the Late Cenozoic. AMS data indicate a tectonic origin for the magnetic fabric, suggesting that Upper Miocene units were still involved in the deformation processes. Paleomagnetic data show that tectonic rotations in the Çankırı Basin do not show a symmetrical distribution along the opposite edges of the basin, as expected from the observed omega-shape. In particular, by combining our data with those already …

Plio-Quaternary Extensional Tectonics Of The Central Anatolian Plateau: A Case Study From The Tuz Gölü Basin, Turkey, Erman Özsayin, Tahsi̇n Atti̇la Çi̇ner, Fuat Bora Rojay, Ramazan Kadi̇r Di̇ri̇k, Daniel Melnick, David Fernández-Blanco, Giovanni Bertotti, Taylor F. Schildgen, Yannick Garcin, Manfred R. Strecker, Masafumi Sudo

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

The Tuz Gölü Basin is the largest sedimentary depression located at the center of the Central Anatolian Plateau, an extensive, low-relief region with elevations of ca. 1 km located between the Pontide and Tauride mountains. Presently, the basin morphology and sedimentation processes are mainly controlled by the extensional Tuz Gölü Fault Zone in the east and the transtensional İnönü-Eskişehir Fault System in the west. The purpose of this study is to contribute to the understanding of the Plio-Quaternary deformation history and to refine the timing of the latest extensional phase of the Tuz Gölü Basin. Field observations, kinematic analyses, interpretations …

Messinian Paleoenvironmental Changes In The Easternmost Mediterranean Basin: Adana Basin, Southern Turkey, Costanza Faranda, Elsa Gliozzi, Paola Cipollari, Francesco Grossi, Güldemi̇n Darbaş, Kemal Gürbüz, Ati̇ke Nazi̇k, Rocco Gennari, Domenico Cosentino

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

We present detailed Messinian paleoenvironmental reconstructions for the Adana Basin based on a multidisciplinary approach that utilizes the fossil content of the Kuzgun and Handere Formations. To reconstruct the paleoenvironmental changes that affected the Adana Basin during the Messinian, we analyzed mollusk, ostracod, planktonic and benthonic foraminifer, and calcareous nannofossil assemblages from 2 stratigraphic sections near Kabasakal village (Adana, southern Turkey). To determine if the environmental changes recognized in the Adana Basin are local or regional, and to understand the extent to which the global changes in oceanic circulation impacted the Mediterranean sedimentary basins, we compare our results with Messinian …

Impact Of Pb-Zn Mining Activity On Surficial Sediments Of Lake Kalimanci(Fyr Macedonia), Petra Vrhovnik, Nastja Rogan Smuc, Tadej Dolenec, Todor Serafimovski, Matej Dolenec

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

The activities of the Sasa mine have led to industrial discharge being released into Lake Kalimanci since the beginning of mining activity in 1954. For this reason, an ecological risk assessment is urgently required. In the present study, surficial lake sediments were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), with all geochemistry data processed using Statistica 8. In order to assess the environmental pollution status, 2 environmental factors were established, while for the determination of chemical fractionation of toxic metals a sequential extraction procedure was carried out. Concentrations of As, Mo, Zn, Ni, Co, Pb, Cd, and Cu in …

Occurrences Of Rock-Fulgurites Associated With Steel Pylons Of The Overhead Electric Transmission Line At Tor Zawar, Ziarat District And Jang Tor Ghar, Muslim Bagh, Pakistan, Akhtar Muhammad Kassi, Aimal Khan Kasi, Henrik Friis, Din Muhammad Kakar

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

We here report 3 occurrences of rock fulgurites: 2 at Tor Zawar, Ziarat District, and 1 at Jang Tor Ghar, Muslim Bagh, Pakistan. The first and second melting events occurred at Tor Zawar, Ziarat on 27 January 2010, and sometime during the month of January 2011; the third melting event occurred on 12 February 2011. All these events occurred near the base of steel pylons of electric transmission lines installed on hillside outcrops, which transmitted atmospheric lightning to the outcrop. At Tor Zawar, Ziarat District, the pylons are installed on outcrops of the volcanogenic conglomerate of the Late Cretaceous Bibai …

First 15 Probability-Based Multidimensional Tectonic Discrimination Diagrams For Intermediate Magmas And Their Robustness Against Postemplacement Compositional Changes And Petrogenetic Processes, Surendra Pal Verma, Sanjeet K. Verma

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

Although for ultrabasic and basic magmas a plethora of tectonomagmatic diagrams have been used, with the exception of one bivariate diagram for refined tectonic setting of orogenic andesites, none is available for highly abundant intermediate magma. We present 3 sets of discrimination diagrams obtained from the correct statistical methodology of loge-ratio transformation and linear discriminant analysis. All major element log_e-ratio variables in 3664 samples, only immobile major and trace element log_e-ratio variables in 1858 samples, and immobile trace element log_e-ratio variables in 1512 samples were used. These diagrams with probability-based tectonic field boundaries and high success rates (about 69%-96%, 63%-100%, …

Investigation Of The Groundwater Effect On Slow-Motion Landslides By Using Dynamic Kalman Filtering Method With Gps: Koyulhisar Town Center, Kemal Özgür Hastaoğlu

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

The monitoring and analysis of natural disasters and their systems is crucially important in minimizing loss of life and property. In recent years, various methods of measurement and analysis have been employed to monitor and analyze landslides and their mechanisms. The Global Positioning System (GPS) is one of the methods used to monitor landslides. The consideration of external forces causing movement is essential when interpreting movement obtained by GPS. This paper describes a large motion in the Koyulhisar town center obtained from one GPS point. Twelve GPS points were set up in the Koyulhisar landslide region; 6 periods of GPS …

One Step Quick Detection Of Cancer Cell Surface Marker By Integrated Nife-Based Magnetic Biosensing Cell Cultural Chip, Chenchen Bao, Lei Chen, Tao Wang, Daxiang Cui, Chong Lei, Yong Zhou, Furong Tian

Articles

RGD peptides has been used to detect cell surface integrin and direct clinical effective therapeutic drug selection. Herein we report that a quick one step detection of cell surface marker that was realized by a specially designed NiFe-based magnetic biosensing cell chip combined with functionalized magnetic nanoparti- cles. Magnetic nanoparticles with 20-30 nm in diameter were prepared by coprecipitation and modified with RGD-4C, and the resultant RGD-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles were used for targeting cancer cells cul- tured on the NiFe-based magnetic biosensing chip and distinguish the amount of cell surface receptor-integrin. Cell lines such as Calu3, Hela, A549, CaFbr, HEK293 …

The Mind Of A Child, Ben Garfinkel

The Synapse: Intercollegiate science magazine

No abstract provided.

Multiobjective Design And Innovization Of Robust Stormwater Management Plans, Karim Chichakly

Graduate College Dissertations and Theses

In the United States, states are federally mandated to develop watershed

management plans to mitigate pollution from increased impervious surfaces due to land development such as buildings, roadways, and parking lots. These plans require a major investment in water retention infrastructure, known as structural Best Management Practices (BMPs). However, the discovery of BMP configurations that simultaneously minimize implementation cost and pollutant load is a complex problem. While not required by law, an additional challenge is to find plans that not only meet current pollutant load targets, but also take into consideration anticipated changes in future precipitation patterns due to climate …

Challenges To Transferring Western Field Research Materials And Methods To A Developing World Context, Ma. Mercedes T. Rodrigo, Jessica Sugay

Department of Information Systems & Computer Science Faculty Publications

Much of the research currently undertaken in the area of intelligent tutoring systems hails from Western countries. To counteract any bias that this situation produces, to gain greater representation from the rest of the world, and to produce systems and publications that take cultural factors into account, experts recognize the need for more intercultural evaluations and collaborations. For these collaborations to be successful, though, methods and materials require modification. Field work methodologies used in developed countries have to be nuanced when transferred to developing world contexts. In specific, the paper describes five challenges that researchers must address in the transfer …

On The Surface Circulation Of The Marmara Sea As Deduced From Drifters, Riccardo Gerin, Pierre-Marie Poulain, Şükrü Turan Beşi̇ktepe, Pietro Zanasca

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

The surface circulation of the Marmara Sea was studied with satellite-tracked drifters during 2 field experiments. A total of 29 drifters were released in September 2008 and February 2009 at key locations south of the Bosphorus and in the central part of the sea. The spatial structures and temporal variability are described together with the atmospheric conditions of the Marmara Sea during the period of study. The behavior of drifters with respect to the wind was qualitatively analyzed. The pseudo-Eulerian velocity statistics were computed from the interpolated positions and maps of the mean currents were produced using the data sorted …

Computation Of Grade Values Of Sediment-Hosted Barite Deposits In Northeastern Isparta (Western Turkey), Numan Elmas, Uğur Şahi̇n

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

Grade value is a crucial parameter for the mineral industry. Investigation of grade value of mineral resources provides the optimum benefit. In this study, an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) and artificial neural network (ANN) model were applied for the prediction of grade values. The spatial coordinates X, Y, and Z of the study area along with bore hole geochemical data were used as input variables in the model. In order to illustrate the applicability and capability of these methods, the western part of Turkey, between the latitudes 38°01 45 N and 38°09 52 N and between the longitudes 31°23 …

Circum-Tethyan Carbonate Platform Evolution During The Palaeogene: The Prebetic Platform As A Test For Climatically Controlled Facies Shifts, Stefan Höntzsch, Christian Scheibner, Johannes P. Brock, Jochen Kuss

Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences

The distribution of selected shallow-benthic biota at circum-Tethyan carbonate platforms demonstrates an excellent proxy for the impact of latitudinally controlled cooling and variations in the trophic resources during the Palaeogene. In this study, we link and compare the spatial distribution and abundance of larger benthic foraminifera and hermatypic corals of Tethyan carbonate successions with new records from the Prebetic platform in SE Spain. The succession of the Prebetic platform is dominated by larger benthic foraminifera and coralline red algae throughout the Eocene, whereas corals were not recorded until the Late Eocene. Similar biotic trends were reported from 10 selected circum-Tethyan …