Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

A Sub-Kpc-Scale Binary Active Galactic Nucleus With Double Narrow-Line Regions, Jong-Hak Woo, Hojin Cho, Bernd Husemann, S. Komossa, Daeseong Park, Vardha N. Bennert

Physics

We present the kinematic properties of a type-2 Quasi stellar object (QSO), SDSS J132323.33−015941.9 at z ∼ 0.35, based on the analysis of Very Large Telescope integral field spectroscopy and Hubble Space Telescope (HST) imaging, which suggest that the target is a binary active galactic nucleus (AGN) with double narrow-line regions. The QSO features double-peaked emission lines ([O iii] and Hβ) which can be decomposed into two kinematic components. The flux-weighted centroids of the blue and red components are separated by ∼0.2 arcsec (0.8 kpc in projection) and coincide with the location of the two stellar cores detected …

On Local Fractional Continuous Wavelet Transform, Yang Xiaojun

Xiao-Jun Yang

We introduce a new wavelet transform within the framework of the local fractional calculus. An illustrative example of local fractional wavelet transform is also presented.

Stable Isotope And Modelling Evidence For Co2 As A Driver Of Glacial-Interglacial Vegetation Shifts In Southern Africa, F. J. Bragg, I. C. Prentice, S. P. Harrison, G. Eglinton, P. N. Foster

Dartmouth Scholarship

Atmospheric CO2 concentration is hypothesized to influence vegetation distribution via tree-grass competition, with higher CO2 concentrations favouring trees. The stable carbon isotope (delta C-13) signature of vegetation is influenced by the relative importance of C-4 plants (including most tropical grasses) and C-3 plants (including nearly all trees), and the degree of stomatal closure - a response to aridity in C-3 plants. Compound-specific delta C-13 analyses of leaf-wax biomarkers in sediment cores of an offshore South Atlantic transect are used here as a record of vegetation changes in subequatorial Africa. These data suggest a large increase in C3 relative to C4 …

Ionic Liquids In Analytical Chemistry: Fundamentals, Advances, And Perspectives, Tien D. Ho, Cheng Zhang, Leandro W. Hantao, Jared L. Anderson

Jared L. Anderson

Since their initial discovery in 1914, ionic liquids (ILs) have been widely studied in multiple chemistry disciplines. Applications of ILs in analytical chemistry have enjoyed much success and contributed to the rapid evolution of the ionic liquid field. ILs are collectively known as organic salts which possess melting points at or below 100 °C. In most cases, ILs are composed of an organic cation and an organic or inorganic anion. It has been estimated there can be up to 1018 possible combinations of ILs, due to the ability to interchange their corresponding cationic/anionic moieties.

Leslie Matrices For Logistic Population Modeling, Bruce Kessler

Bruce Kessler

Leslie matrices are taught as a method of modeling populations in a discrete-time fashion with more detail in the tracking of age groups within the population. Leslie matrices have limited use in the actual modeling of populations, since when the age groups are summed, it is basically equivalent to discrete-time modeling assuming exponential population growth. The logistic model of population growth is more realistic, since it takes into account a carrying capacity for the environment of the population. This talk will describe an adjustment to the Leslie matrix approach for population modeling that is both takes into account the carrying …

Estimating Loop Length From Cryoem Images At Medium Resolutions, Andrew Mcknight, Dong Si, Kamal Al Nasr, Andrey Chernikov, Nikos Chrisochoides, Jing He

Computer Science Faculty Research

Background

De novo protein modeling approaches utilize 3-dimensional (3D) images derived from electron cryomicroscopy (CryoEM) experiments. The skeleton connecting two secondary structures such as α-helices represent the loop in the 3D image. The accuracy of the skeleton and of the detected secondary structures are critical in De novo modeling. It is important to measure the length along the skeleton accurately since the length can be used as a constraint in modeling the protein.

Results

We have developed a novel computational geometric approach to derive a simplified curve in order to estimate the loop length along the skeleton. The method …

Role Of Ser-257 In The Sliding Mechanism Of Nadp(H) In The Reaction Catalyzed By The Aspergillus Fumigatus Flavin-Dependent Ornithine N ⁵-Monooxygenase Sida, Carolyn Shirey, Somayesadat Badieyan, Pablo Sobrado

Chemistry Faculty Research & Creative Works

SidA (siderophore A) is a flavin-dependent N-hydroxylating monooxygenase that is essential for virulence in Aspergillus fumigatus. SidA catalyzes the NADPH- and oxygen-dependent formation of N5-hydroxyornithine. In this reaction, NADPH reduces the flavin, and the resulting NADP+ is the last product to be released. The presence of NADP+ is essential for activity, as it is required for stabilization of the C4a-hydroperoxyflavin, which is the hydroxylating species. As part of our efforts to determine the molecular details of the role of NADP(H) in catalysis, we targeted Ser-257 for site-directed mutagenesis and performed extensive characterization of the S257A enzyme. Using a combination of …

Two Homologous Ef-G Proteins From Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Exhibit Distinct Functions, Stephanie O. Palmer, Edna Y. Rangel, Yanmei Hu, Alexis T. Tran, James M. Bullard

Chemistry Faculty Publications and Presentations

Genes encoding two proteins corresponding to elongation factor G (EF-G) were cloned from Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The proteins encoded by these genes are both members of the EFG I subfamily. The gene encoding one of the forms of EF-G is located in the str operon and the resulting protein is referred to as EF-G1A while the gene encoding the other form of EF-G is located in another part of the genome and the resulting protein is referred to as EF-G1B. These proteins were expressed and purified to 98% homogeneity. Sequence analysis indicated the two proteins are 90/84% similar/identical. In other …

Mapping Of The Quasi-Periodic Oscillations At The Flank Magnetopause Into The Ionosphere, Emily R. Dougal

Doctoral Dissertations and Master's Theses

We have estimated the ionospheric location, area, and travel time of quasi-periodic oscillations originating from the magnetospheric flanks. This was accomplished by utilizing global and local MHD models and Tsyganenko semi-empirical magnetic field model on multiple published and four new cases believed to be caused by the Kelvin-Helmholtz Instability. Finally, we used auroral, magnetometer, and radar instruments to observe the ionospheric signatures. The ionospheric magnetic latitude determined using global MHD and Tsyganenko models ranged from 58.3-80.2 degrees in the northern hemisphere and -59.6 degrees to -83.4 degrees in the southern hemisphere. The ionospheric magnetic local time ranged between 5.0-13.8 hours …

Two Dimensional Angular Domain Optical Imaging In Biological Tissues, Eldon Ng

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Optical imaging is a modality that can detect optical contrast within a biological sample that is not detectable with other conventional imaging techniques. Optical trans-illumination images of tissue samples are degraded by optical scatter. Angular Domain Imaging (ADI) is an optical imaging technique that filters scattered photons based on the trajectory of the photons. Previous angular filters were limited to one dimensional arrays, greatly limiting the imaging capability of the system.

We have developed a 2D Angular Filter Array (AFA) that is capable of acquiring two dimensional projection images of a sample. The AFA was constructed using rapid prototyping techniques. …

Application Of Computer Algebra In List Decoding, Muhammad Foizul Islam Chowdhury

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

The amount of data that we use in everyday life (social media, stock analysis, satellite communication etc.) are increasing day by day. As a result, the amount of data needs to be traverse through electronic media as well as to store are rapidly growing and there exist several environmental effects that can damage these important data during travelling or while in storage devices. To recover correct information from noisy data, we do use error correcting codes. The most challenging work in this area is to have a decoding algorithm that can decode the code quite fast, in addition with the …

Leslie Matrices For Logistic Population Modeling, Bruce Kessler

Mathematics Faculty Publications

Leslie matrices are taught as a method of modeling populations in a discrete-time fashion with more detail in the tracking of age groups within the population. Leslie matrices have limited use in the actual modeling of populations, since when the age groups are summed, it is basically equivalent to discrete-time modeling assuming exponential population growth. The logistic model of population growth is more realistic, since it takes into account a carrying capacity for the environment of the population. This talk will describe an adjustment to the Leslie matrix approach for population modeling that is both takes into account the carrying …

Spatial Heterogeneities In A Simple Earthquake Fault Model, Javad Kazemian

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Natural earthquake fault systems are composed of a variety of materials with different spatial configurations a complicated, inhomogeneous fault surface. The associated inhomogeneities with their physical properties can result in a variety of spatial and temporal behaviors. As a result, understanding the dynamics of seismic activity in an inhomogeneous environment is fundamental to the investigation of the earthquakes processes.

This study presents the results from an inhomogeneous earthquake fault model based on the Olami-Feder-Christensen (OFC) and Rundle-Jackson-Brown (RJB) cellular automata models with long-range interactions that incorporates a fixed percentage of stronger sites, or ‘asperity cells’, into the lattice. These asperity …

Collaborative Research: An Interdisciplinary Investigation Of Groundwater-Carbon Coupling In Large Peat Basins And Its Relation To Climate Change, Andrew S. Reeve

University of Maine Office of Research Administration: Grant Reports

The growth of northern peatlands during the Holocene created a globally important source and sink for greenhouse gases. The response of these large carbon reservoirs to Global Warming, however, remains uncertain. Different mathematical models predict that future warming could alter the carbon balance of peatlands by either increasing the rate of carbon sequestration or accelerating the emissions of greenhouse gases. However, these steady-state analytical models make unrealistic assumptions about natural peatlands, which are spatially and temporally variable ecosystems that are still accumulating carbon. This investigation will therefore develop a transient 3D numerical model that couples multiphase groundwater flow to solute …

Collaborative Research: Centers For Ocean Sciences Education Excellence - National Network Partnerships, Annette V. Decharon

University of Maine Office of Research Administration: Grant Reports

This proposal will be awarded using funds made available by the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5).

This award provides funds to support the Centers for Ocean Sciences Education Excellence (COSEE) Central Coordinating Office (CCO) in a set of projects that will focus on identifying best practices in ocean science education and develop internal and external Network partnerships. Specifically, this award provides funds for the development of an online COSEE Community Center to network teachers, ocean researchers and the public.

The COSEE program, now in its seventh year, has a mission to bridge the gap between …

The Fierce Green Fire: Vol. 4 Issue 10, Wofford College Environmental Studies Program

The Fierce Green Fire

No abstract provided.

The Santa Clara, 2013-11-07, Santa Clara University

The Santa Clara

No abstract provided.

Reverse-Time Migration-Based Reflection Tomography Using Teleseismic Free Surface Multiples, S. Burdick, M. V. De Hoop, R. D. Van Der Hilst

Environmental Science and Geology Faculty Research Publications

Converted and multiply reflected phases from teleseismic events are routinely used to create structural images of the crust–mantle boundary (Moho) and the elasticity contrasts within the crust and upper mantle. The accuracy of these images is to a large extent determined by the background velocity model used to propagate these phases to depth. In order to improve estimates of 3-D velocity variations and, hence, improve imaging, we develop a method of reverse-time migration-based reflection tomography for use with wavefields from teleseismic earthquakes recorded at broad-band seismograph arrays. Reflection tomography makes use of data redundancy—that is, the ability to generate numerous …

Unh Library Imls Place Grant News Announcement, Place Project Group

PLACE Project

UNH Library Website News announcement about the IMLS Grant for PLACE, November 7, 2014.

Geospatial Data Indexing Analysis And Visualization Via Web Services With Autonomic Resource Management, Yun Lu

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

With the exponential growth of the usage of web-based map services, the web GIS application has become more and more popular. Spatial data index, search, analysis, visualization and the resource management of such services are becoming increasingly important to deliver user-desired Quality of Service.

First, spatial indexing is typically time-consuming and is not available to end-users. To address this, we introduce TerraFly sksOpen, an open-sourced an Online Indexing and Querying System for Big Geospatial Data. Integrated with the TerraFly Geospatial database [1-9], sksOpen is an efficient indexing and query engine for processing Top-k Spatial Boolean Queries. Further, we provide ergonomic …

Freezing Out Early Dark Energy, Jannis Bielefeld, W. L. Kimmy Wu, Robert R. Caldwell, Olivier Doré

Dartmouth Scholarship

A phenomenological model of dark energy that tracks the baryonic and cold dark matter at early times but resembles a cosmological constant at late times is explored. In the transition between these two regimes, the dark energy density drops rapidly as if it were a relic species that freezes out, during which time the equation of state peaks at +1. Such an adjustment in the dark energy density, as it shifts from scaling to potential domination, could be the signature of a trigger mechanism that helps explain the late-time cosmic acceleration. We show that the non-negligible dark energy density at …

Evaluation Of Non-Contact Sampling And Detection Of Explosives Using Receiver Operating Characteristic Curves, Mimy Young

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The growing need for fast sampling of explosives in high throughput areas has increased the demand for improved technology for the trace detection of illicit compounds. Detection of the volatiles associated with the presence of the illicit compounds offer a different approach for sensitive trace detection of these compounds without increasing the false positive alarm rate. This study evaluated the performance of non-contact sampling and detection systems using statistical analysis through the construction of Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves in real-world scenarios for the detection of volatiles in the headspace of smokeless powder, used as the model system for generalizing …

Maxwell’S Equations On Cantor Sets: A Local Fractional Approach, Yang Xiaojun

Xiao-Jun Yang

Maxwell’s equations on Cantor sets are derived from the local fractional vector calculus. It is shown that Maxwell’s equations on Cantor sets in a fractal bounded domain give efficiency and accuracy for describing the fractal electric and magnetic fields. Local fractional differential forms of Maxwell’s equations on Cantor sets in the Cantorian and Cantor-type cylindrical coordinates are obtained. Maxwell’s equations on Cantor set with local fractional operators are the first step towards a unified theory of Maxwell’s equations for the dynamics of cold dark matter.

Mathematicians Playing A Role In Math Education: What We Learned At The Ime/Mime Workshop, Anna Bargagliotti, Rama Chidambaram, Gizem Karaali

Anna Bargagliotti

In Hollywood, some actors are regularly cast as mean, others as sweet and endearing, and some typically play innocent big-eyed youths who inevitably succeed after awakening to the particular facts of life that their producer wants them to awaken to. It is unusual and difficult for actors to cross the bridge between different types on a regular basis. However, there are always exceptions to the rule. In the seemingly unrelated world of academics, mathematics faculty may find themselves playing different roles. People with different skills and interests strive to balance their careers in ways that will be uniquely fulfilling to …

Food Sovereignty: An Alternative Paradigm For Poverty Reduction And Biodiversity Conservation In Latin America, M Jahi Chappell, Hannah Wittman, Christopher M. Bacon, Bruce G. Ferguson, Luis García Barrios, Raúl García Barrios, Daniel Jaffee, Jefferson Lima, V. Ernesto Méndez,, Helda Morales, Lorena Soto-Pinto, John Vandermeer, Ivette Perfecto

Environmental Studies and Sciences

Strong feedback between global biodiversity loss and persistent, extreme rural poverty are major challenges in the face of concurrent food, energy, and environmental crises. This paper examines the role of industrial agricultural intensification and market integration as exogenous socio-ecological drivers of biodiversity loss and poverty traps in Latin America. We then analyze the potential of a food sovereignty framework, based on protecting the viability of a diverse agroecological matrix while supporting rural livelihoods and global food production. We review several successful examples of this approach, including ecological land reform in Brazil, agroforestry, milpa, and the uses of wild varieties in …

Food Sovereignty: An Alternative Paradigm For Poverty Reduction And Biodiversity Conservation In Latin America, M. Jahi Chappell, Hannah Wittman, Christopher M. Bacon, Bruce G. Ferguson, Luis García Barrios, Raúl García Barrios, Daniel Jaffee, Jefferson Lima, V. Ernesto Méndez, Helda Morales, Lorena Soto-Pinto, John Vandermeer, Ivette Perfecto

College of Agriculture and Life Sciences Faculty Publications

Strong feedback between global biodiversity loss and persistent, extreme rural poverty are major challenges in the face of concurrent food, energy, and environmental crises. This paper examines the role of industrial agricultural intensification and market integration as exogenous socio-ecological drivers of biodiversity loss and poverty traps in Latin America. We then analyze the potential of a food sovereignty framework, based on protecting the viability of a diverse agroecological matrix while supporting rural livelihoods and global food production. We review several successful examples of this approach, including ecological land reform in Brazil, agroforestry, milpa, and the uses of wild varieties in …

The Utilization Of Chiral Ion Mobility Spectrometry For The Detection Of Enantiomeric Mixtures And Thermally Labile Compounds, Howard K. Holness

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation utilized electrospray ion mobility mass spectrometry (ESI-IMS-MS) to develop methods necessary for the separation of chiral compounds of forensic interest. The compounds separated included ephedrines and pseudoephedrines, that occur as impurities in confiscated amphetamine type substances (ATS) in an effort to determine the origin of these substances. The ESI-IMS-MS technique proved to be faster and more cost effective than traditional chromatographic methods currently used to conduct chiral separations such as gas and liquid chromatography. Both mass spectrometric and computational analysis revealed the separation mechanism of these chiral interactions allowing for further development to separate other chiral compounds by …

Development Of Effective Approaches To The Large-Scale Aerodynamic Testing Of Low-Rise Building, Tuan-Chun Fu

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Low-rise buildings are often subjected to high wind loads during hurricanes that lead to severe damage and cause water intrusion. It is therefore important to estimate accurate wind pressures for design purposes to reduce losses. Wind loads on low-rise buildings can differ significantly depending upon the laboratory in which they were measured. The differences are due in large part to inadequate simulations of the low-frequency content of atmospheric velocity fluctuations in the laboratory and to the small scale of the models used for the measurements. A new partial turbulence simulation methodology was developed for simulating the effect of low-frequency flow …

The Xmm-Newton Spectrum Of A Candidate Recoiling Supermassive Black Hole: An Elusive Inverted P-Cygni Profile, G. Lanzuisi, F. Civano, S. Marchesi, A. Comastri

Dartmouth Scholarship

We present a detailed spectral analysis of new XMM-Newton data of the source CXOC J100043.1+020637, also known as CID-42, detected in the COSMOS survey at z = 0.359. Previous works suggested that CID-42 is a candidate recoiling supermassive black hole (SMBH) showing also an inverted P-Cygni profile in the X-ray spectra at ~6 keV (rest) with an iron emission line plus a redshifted absorption line (detected at 3σ in previous XMM-Newton and Chandra observations). Detailed analysis of the absorption line suggested the presence of ionized material flowing into the black hole at high velocity. In the …

Left Baire-1 Compositors And Continuous Functions, Jonald P. Fenecios, Emmanuel A. Cabral

Mathematics Faculty Publications

We showed that the class of left Baire-1 compositors is precisely the class of continuous functions. This answers a characterization problem posed in the work by Zhao (2007, page 550) and settles in the affirmative the conjecture in the work by Fenecios and Cabral (2012, page 43). Moreover, based on the above result we provide a new proof that the class of functions BS,T where S is the class of all positive continuous functions and T is the class of all positive constants as defined in the work by Bakowska and Pawlak (2010) is exactly the class of all continuous …