Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

F–Geometric Mean Graphs, A. D. Baskar, S. Arockiaraj

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

In a study of traffic, the labelling problems in graph theory can be used by considering the crowd at every junction as the weights of a vertex and expected average traffic in each street as the weight of the corresponding edge. If we assume the expected traffic at each street as the arithmetic mean of the weight of the end vertices, that causes mean labelling of the graph. When we consider a geometric mean instead of arithmetic mean in a large population of a city, the rate of growth of traffic in each street will be more accurate. The geometric …

A New Analytic Numeric Method Solution For Fractional Modified Epidemiological Model For Computer Viruses, Ali H. Handam, Asad A. Freihat

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

Computer viruses are an extremely important aspect of computer security, and understanding their spread and extent is an important component of any defensive strategy. Epidemiological models have been proposed to deal with this issue, and we present one such here. We consider the modified epidemiological model for computer viruses (SAIR) proposed by J. R. C. Piqueira and V. O. Araujo. This model includes an antidotal population compartment (A) representing nodes of the network equipped with fully effective anti-virus programs. The multi-step generalized differential transform method (MSGDTM) is employed to compute an approximation to the solution of the model of fractional …

Extension Formulas Of Lauricella’S Functions By Applications Of Dixon’S Summation Theorem, Ahmed A. Atash

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

The aim of this research paper is to obtain two extension formulas for the first and second kind of Lauricella’s functions of three variables with the help of generalized Dixon’s summation theorem, which was obtained by Lavoie et al. In addition to this, two extension formulas for the second and third kind of Appell’s functions are obtained as a consequence of the above mentioned results . Furthermore, some transformation formulas involving Exton’s double hypergeometric series are obtained as an applications of our main results.

Thermal Instability In A Horizontal Layer Of Walter’S (Model B') Visco-Elastic Nanofluid- A More Realistic Approach, Ramesh Chand, G. C. Rana

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

Thermal instability in a horizontal layer of Walter’s (Model B') visco-elastic nanofluid is investigated for more realistic boundary conditions. The flux of volume fraction of nanoparticles is taken to be zero on the isothermal boundaries. The model used for nanofluid incorporates the effect of Brownian diffusion and thermophoresis. Perturbation method, normal mode technique and Galerkin method are used in the solution of the eigenvalue problem. Oscillatory convection has been ruled out for the problem under consideration. The influences of the Lewis number, modified diffusivity ratio and nanoparticle Rayleigh number on the stationary convection are shown both analytically and graphically.

Integrating Freight Into Livable Communities, Kristine M. Williams, Alexandria Carroll

TREC Final Reports

Where livability is a goal of the planning process, freight runs the risk of not being considered except as an afterthought or as something to be excluded. Yet, freight is an integral part of local economic development. Because economic prosperity is a key characteristic of livable communities, freight must be incorporated into the planning process. This study explores the relationship between freight and livability through a comprehensive literature review and case study research. The final report includes a menu of strategies and case study perspectives that highlight the importance of transportation and land use integration, interagency coordination, and context-sensitivity in …

Generalized Cokähler Geometry And An Application To Generalized Kähler Structures, Ralph R. Gomez, Janet Talvacchia

Mathematics & Statistics Faculty Works

In this paper, we propose a generalization of classical coKähler geometry from the point of view of generalized contact metric geometry. This allows us to generalize a theorem of Capursi (1984), Goldberg (1968) and show that the product M1×M2M1×M2 of generalized contact metric manifolds (Mi,Φi,E±,i,Gi)(Mi,Φi,E±,i,Gi), i=1,2i=1,2, where M1×M2M1×M2 is endowed with the product (twisted) generalized complex structure induced from Φ1Φ1 and Φ2Φ2, is (twisted) generalized Kähler if and only if View the MathML source(Mi,Φi,E±,i,Gi),i=1,2 are (twisted) generalized coKähler structures. As an application of our theorem we construct new examples of twisted generalized Kähler structures on manifolds that do not admit …

Low-Rank Network Decomposition Reveals Structural Characteristics Of Small-World Networks, Victor J. Barranca, D. Zhou, D. Cai

Mathematics & Statistics Faculty Works

Small-world networks occur naturally throughout biological, technological, and social systems. With their prevalence, it is particularly important to prudently identify small-world networks and further characterize their unique connection structure with respect to network function. In this work we develop a formalism for classifying networks and identifying small-world structure using a decomposition of network connectivity matrices into low-rank and sparse components, corresponding to connections within clusters of highly connected nodes and sparse interconnections between clusters, respectively. We show that the network decomposition is independent of node indexing and define associated bounded measures of connectivity structure, which provide insight into the clustering …

Quality Enhancement Of 3d Models Reconstructed By Rgb-D Camera Systems, Chuanbo Wang

Theses and Dissertations

Low-cost RGB-D cameras like Microsoft's Kinect capture RGB data for each vertex

while reconstructing 3D models from objects with obvious drawbacks of poor mesh

and texture qualities due to their hardware limitations. In this thesis we propose a combined method that enhances geometrically and chromatically 3D models reconstructed by RGB-D camera systems. Our approach utilizes Butterfly Subdivision and Surface Fitting techniques to generate smoother triangle surface meshes, where sharp features can be well preserved or minimized by different Surface Fitting algorithms. Additionally the global contrast of mesh textures is enhanced by using a modified Histogram Equalization algorithm, in which the …

Objective Bayesian Analysis On The Quantile Regression, Shiyi Tu

All Dissertations

The dissertation consists of two distinct but related research projects. First of all, we study the Bayesian analysis on the two-piece location-scale models, which contain several well-known sub-distributions, such as the asymmetric Laplace distribution, the skewed normal distribution, and the skewed Student-t distribution. The use of two-piece location-scale models is an attractive method to model non-symmetric data. From a practical point of view, a prior with some objective information may be more reasonable due to the lack of prior information in many applied situations. It has been shown that several common used objective priors, such as the Jeffreys prior, result …

Tracking Anisotropic Optical Tracers To Study Biophysical Processes And Cytotoxicity, Khanh Van Nguyen

All Dissertations

We use anisotropic optical tracers (also called magnetically modulated optical nanoprobes – MagMOONs or MOONs for non-magnetic nanoprobes in this dissertation) to study biophysical processes such as enzyme-catalyzed cleavage through tissue, intracellular transport of these tracers and cytotoxicity based on this transport. The anisotropic optical properties cause these tracers to blink when rotating. This blinking is distinguishable from the background and can be tracked on a single-particle level in the absence of tissue, or for an ensemble average of tracers blinking through tissue. An alginate gel containing these tracers in the form of a thin film can be used as …

Bombardment Simulations And Intercalation Studies Of Carbon Materials, Charles Lowe

All Dissertations

Molecular bombardment experiments have led to the possibility of altering materials with properties not normally associated with those materials. Molecular bombardment leads to defect formation in the material, potentially creating a pore, depending on the material and bombarding molecule. Carbon allotropes, specifically graphite and graphene, make excellent candidates for molecular bombardment experimentation. Depending on the bombarding molecule and the kinetic energy associated with that molecule, the defects induced will be sufficient to create a pore in the graphene. The AIREBO potential is used to simulate a graphene bilayer being bombarded with a single Ar atom, or a fullerene molecule, to …

Multi-Factor Models To Resolve Growth Responses In Vitro And During Subsequent Greenhouse Growth For Turmeric (Curcuma Longa L.), Rabia El-Hawaz

All Dissertations

Plant media has been developed over the last six decades, yet, there has not been medium optimized for microplant greenhouse growth, which may be important for producing chemical compounds and preparing transplants for success in the field. A series of multi-factor optimization experiments were conducted on turmeric (Curcuma longa L., genotype L 35-1) to identify the effects of mineral nutrition and plant density in vitro on laboratory and greenhouse production. The first experiment optimized PO43-, Ca2+, Mg2+, and KNO3 for five-months growth in bioreactors with periodic supplementation of sucrose solution +/- nutrients. Phosphorus (6.25 mM) increased sucrose supplement and rhizome …

Iterative Design And Testing Of A Mobile Application To Support Food Consumption Monitoring And Decision Making, Melva James

All Dissertations

Food overconsumption is a major contributor to weight gain leading to obesity. Constant exposure to larger amounts of food and beverage has caused many individuals to experience “portion distortion,” the perception that bigger portion sizes are appropriate for consumption at a single sitting. Independently and accurately changing this perception can be very difficult even if one has a desire to do so. In response to these observations, we developed and tested Picture-Perfect Portions, a mobile application designed to combat overconsumption, at the individual level, by leveraging the power of simple visualizations to help adults understand and adjust their food consumption …

Development Of A Miniaturized Ambient Glow Discharge Ionization Source And Its Application In Elemental And Molecular Analysis, Xinyan Zhang

All Dissertations

Since the liquid sampling-atmospheric pressure glow discharge (LS-APGD) was first developed as an excitation source for atomic emission spectroscopy, it has been improved upon and demonstrated as an ionization source for elemental mass spectrometry, molecular mass spectrometry, and ambient desorption mass spectrometry. Multiple functions coming from one package allowed the LS-APGD to hold a unique position among all atmospheric pressure glow discharges. It also has the capabilities to work with different sample forms including liquids, bulk solids, and solution residues. The high salt/matrix tolerance reduces sample prep work and thus provides convenience for its potential use as a field-Based ionization …

Downstream Bandwidth Management For Emerging Docsis-Based Networks, Gongbing Hong

All Dissertations

In this dissertation, we consider the downstream bandwidth management in the context of emerging DOCSIS-based cable networks. The latest DOCSIS 3.1 standard for cable access networks represents a significant change to cable networks. For downstream, the current 6 MHz channel size is replaced by a much larger 192 MHz channel which potentially can provide data rates up to 10 Gbps. Further, the current standard requires equipment to support a relatively new form of active queue management (AQM) referred to as delay-based AQM. Given that more than 50 million households (and climbing) use cable for Internet access, a clear understanding of …

Production And Characterization Of Cut Resistant Acrylic/Copolyaramid Fibers Via Bicomponent Wet Spinning, Stephen Hipp

All Dissertations

A composite fiber system consisting of a sheath core bicomponent polymer fiber loaded with hard ceramic particles was developed and characterized for use in cut protective clothing. The core component was comprised of a copolyaramid in order to provide high base cut resistance. An acrylic-copolyaramid polymer blend was used for the sheath component to improve processability and provide potential benefits such as dyeability. Lastly, aluminum oxide particles were incorporated into the fiber core to deflect and deform the cutting edge, further improving cut resistance. A series of designed experiments was used to explore the effects of the wet spinning and …

High Temperature Synthesis And Characterization Of Reduced Polyoxometalate Salt-Inclusion Solids, Dino Sulejmanovic

All Dissertations

Herein, several new salt-inclusion solids (SISs) featuring electronically reduced Keggin polyoxometalate (POM) clusters were isolated for the first time using molten-salt high temperature (> 500 oC) synthetic method. These POM-based SISs are novel all-inorganic materials featuring an integrated lattice of ionic halide salt and covalent metal oxide clusters. Due to the weak interactions at the interface between these two chemically dissimilar lattices, these POM SISs are soluble in aqueous and polar solvents. While POM compounds are well-studied and are routinely synthesized in solution, the synthetic method presented in this dissertation yielded several POM solids with interesting structures and infrequently observed, …

Scalable Synthesis And Energy Applications Of Defect Engineered Nano Materials, Mehmet Karakaya

All Dissertations

Nanomaterials and nanotechnologies have attracted a great deal of attention in a few decades due to their novel physical properties such as, high aspect ratio, surface morphology, impurities, etc. which lead to unique chemical, optical and electronic properties. The awareness of importance of nanomaterials has motivated researchers to develop nanomaterial growth techniques to further control nanostructures properties such as, size, surface morphology, etc. that may alter their fundamental behavior. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are one of the most promising materials with their rigidity, strength, elasticity and electric conductivity for future applications. Despite their excellent properties explored by the abundant research works, …

Understanding How Synthetic Organic Chemistry Graduate Students Navigate Scifinder, Lindsey Whitfield Cain

All Dissertations

Students pursuing a Ph.D. degree are expected to contribute research to their field, for which the success depends, in part, on their ability to find, interpret, and use scholarly information from the primary literature. However, studies from the information sciences show that graduate students from a variety of fields, including the sciences, frequently struggle to comprehensively search their respective dissertation topics because of insufficient prior content knowledge and lack of guidance from their disciplinary community. This body of literature is consistent with the results of my previous research of chemistry graduate students’ laboratory decision-making processes. Specifically, that study showed their …

Ruthenium Hydride Catalyzed Silylvinylation Of Alkynes, Robert J. Wilson

Dissertations - ALL

The intermolecular ruthenium hydride catalyzed coupling of internal alkynes with subsequent insertion of olefin acceptors is described. This approach utilizes a vinyl silicon tether to provide complete regiocontrol, a stereoselective anti-exo-dig cyclization which affords a tetrasubstituted olefin with a new vinylsilane, and a highly functionalized Z,E diene motif. Subsequent studies for a highly selective intramolecular trans-silylvinylation of internal alkynes catalyzed by RuHCl(CO)(SIMes)(PPh3) is reported. The use of methyl vinyl ketone as an additive increased the efficiency of this transformation. This process was expanded upon using ethylene gas as an additive and provides a net 5-exo-dig trans-silylvinylation of internal alkynes. Ethylene …

Semi-Automated Object-Based Classification Of Coral Reef Habitat Using Discrete Choice Models, Steven Saul, Samuel J. Purkis

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles

As for terrestrial remote sensing, pixel-based classifiers have traditionally been used to map coral reef habitats. For pixel-based classifiers, habitat assignment is based on the spectral or textural properties of each individual pixel in the scene. More recently, however, object-based classifications, those based on information from a set of contiguous pixels with similar properties, have found favor with the reef mapping community and are starting to be extensively deployed. Object-based classifiers have an advantage over pixel-based in that they are less compromised by the inevitable inhomogeneity in per-pixel spectral response caused, primarily, by variations in water depth. One aspect of …

Habitat Utilization And Vertical Distribution Of The Great Barracuda Sphyraena Barracuda (Edwards 1771) In The Western North Atlantic Using Electronic Archival Tags, Noah R. Hansen, David W. Kerstetter

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles

The Great Barracuda Sphyraena barracuda is a large predatory teleost commonly seen in the tropics of the Western North Atlantic. Using pop-up satellite archival tags (PSATs), two large Great Barracuda (101 and 104 cm FL) were tagged off South Florida for a 15-day deployment period. Great Barracuda 88094 traveled 471 km minimum straight-line distance (MSLD) over the deployment duration, while Great Barracuda 88095 traveled 1231 km MSLD. Great barracuda 88094 achieved a maximum depth of 145.2 m, while 88095 to a maximum depth of 186.9 m, although such movements were for short time durations. The data obtained indicate significant differences …

A Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic Model For Vancomycin, Rebekah White

Undergraduate Honors Theses

Vancomycin is an antibiotic used for the treatment of systemic infections. It is given

intravenously usually every twelve or twenty-four hours. This particular drug has a

medium level of boundedness, with approximately fty percent of the drug being free

and thus physiologically eective. A physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK)

model was used to better understand the absorption, distribution, and elimination of

the drug. Using optimal parameters, the model could be used in the future to test

how various factors, such as BMI or excretion levels, might aect the concentration

of the antibiotic.

Generalized Techniques For Using System Execution Traces To Support Software Performance Analysis, Thelge Manjula Peiris

Open Access Dissertations

This dissertation proposes generalized techniques to support software performance analysis using system execution traces in the absence of software development artifacts such as source code. The proposed techniques do not require modifications to the source code, or to the software binaries, for the purpose of software analysis (non-intrusive). The proposed techniques are also not tightly coupled to the architecture specific details of the system being analyzed. This dissertation extends the current techniques of using system execution traces to evaluate software performance properties, such as response times, service times. The dissertation also proposes a novel technique to auto-construct a dataflow model …

Estimating The Water Quality Condition Of River And Lake Water In The Midwestern United States From Its Spectral Characteristics, Jing Tan

Open Access Dissertations

This study focuses on developing/calibrating remote sensing algorithms for water quality retrieval in Midwestern rivers and lakes. In the first part of this study, the spectral measurements collected using a hand-held spectrometer as well as water quality observations for the Wabash River and its tributary the Tippecanoe River in Indiana were used to develop empirical models for the retrieval of chlorophyll (chl) and total suspended solids (TSS). A method for removing sky and sun glint from field spectra for turbid inland waters was developed and tested. Empirical models were then developed using a subset of the field measurements with the …

Infrasound From Volcanic Rockfalls, Jeffrey B. Johnson, Timothy J. Ronan

CGISS Publications and Presentations

Proximal infrasound arrays can robustly track rapidly moving gravity-driven mass wasting, which occurs commonly at erupting volcanoes. This study reports on detection, localization, and quantification of frequent small rockfalls and infrequent pyroclastic density currents descending the southeast flanks of Santiaguito’s active Caliente Dome in January of 2014. Such activities are identified as moving sources, which descend several hundred meters at bulk flow speeds of up to ~10 m/s, which is considerably slower than the descent velocity of individual blocks. Infrasound rockfall signal character is readily distinguishable from explosion infrasound, which is manifested by a relatively fixed location source with lower …

In Honor And Memory Of Professor Lajos Takács, Aliakbar M. Haghighi, Sri G. Mohanty

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

This issue of AAM is dedicated to honoring and remembering Professor Lajos Takács. While wrapping up the manuscript of my book (co-authored by Dr. Dimitar Mishev): Delayed and Network Queues, I went back to celebrate his 1962 book, Introduction to the Theory of Queues, where he gives an example illustrating a waiting time paradox, where the waiting time of a passenger waiting for a bus at a bus stop is infinite, while, in reality, he will wait a finite unit of time before a bus arrive. I sent Professor Takács an e-mail on December 4, 2015, inquiring if he had …

Dynamics Of An Sir Model With Nonlinear Incidence And Treatment Rate, Balram Dubey, Preeti Dubey, Uma S. Dubey

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

In this paper, global dynamics of an SIR model are investigated in which the incidence rate is being considered as Beddington-DeAngelis type and the treatment rate as Holling type II (saturated). Analytical study of the model shows that the model has two equilibrium points (diseasefree equilibrium (DFE) and endemic equilibrium (EE)). The disease-free equilibrium (DFE) is locally asymptotically stable when reproduction number is less than one. Some conditions on the model parameters are obtained to show the existence as well as nonexistence of limit cycle. Some sufficient conditions for global stability of the endemic equilibrium using Lyapunov function are obtained. …

Independent Monopoly Size In Graphs, Ahmed M. Naji, N. D. Soner

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

In a graph G = (V;E), a set D ⊆V (G) is said to be a monopoly set of G if every vertex v ∈V-D has at least d(v)/ 2 neighbors in D. The monopoly size of G, denoted mo(G), is the minimum cardinality of a monopoly set among all monopoly sets in G. The set D ⊆ V (G) is an independent monopoly set in G if it is both a monopoly set and an independent set in G. The number of vertices in a minimum independent monopoly set in a graph G is the independent monopoly size of …

Differential Transform Method For Solving The Two-Dimensional Fredholm Integral Equations, F. Ziyaee, A. Tari

Applications and Applied Mathematics: An International Journal (AAM)

In this paper, we develop the Differential Transform (DT) method in a new scheme to solve the two-dimensional Fredholm integral equations (2D-FIEs) of the second kind. The differential transform method is a procedure to obtain the coefficients of the Taylor expansion of the solution of differential and integral equations. So, one can obtain the Taylor expansion of the solution of arbitrary order and hence the solution of the given equation can be obtained with required accuracy. Here, we first give some basic definitions and properties about DT from references, and then we prove some theorems to extend the DT method …