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2016

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Articles 11821 - 11850 of 12690

Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Factorizations Related To The Reciprocal Pascal Matrix, Helmut Prodinger Jan 2016

Factorizations Related To The Reciprocal Pascal Matrix, Helmut Prodinger

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

The reciprocal Pascal matrix has entries $\binom{i+j}{j}^{-1}$. Explicit formul$\ae{}$ for its LU-decomposition, the LU-decomposition of its inverse, and some related matrices are obtained. For all results, $q$-analogues are also presented.


Some Results Concerning The Summability Of Spliced Sequences, Tuğba Yurdakadi̇m, Mehmet Ünver Jan 2016

Some Results Concerning The Summability Of Spliced Sequences, Tuğba Yurdakadi̇m, Mehmet Ünver

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

A spliced sequence is formed by combining all of the terms of two or more convergent sequences, in their original order, into a new spliced sequence. In this paper replacing convergent sequences by bounded sequences, we study the summability of spliced sequences and give some inequalities that provide us with approximation of the core of transformation of these sequences by a summability matrix. We also present some further results via the Lebesgue integral.


Quantitative Analysis Of Periodic Breathing And Very Long Apnea In Preterm Infants., Mary A. Mohr Jan 2016

Quantitative Analysis Of Periodic Breathing And Very Long Apnea In Preterm Infants., Mary A. Mohr

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.


Colorings, Determinants And Alexander Polynomials For Spatial Graphs, Terry Kong, Alec Lewald, Blake Mellor, Vadim Pigrish Jan 2016

Colorings, Determinants And Alexander Polynomials For Spatial Graphs, Terry Kong, Alec Lewald, Blake Mellor, Vadim Pigrish

Mathematics, Statistics and Data Science Faculty Works

A {\em balanced} spatial graph has an integer weight on each edge, so that the directed sum of the weights at each vertex is zero. We describe the Alexander module and polynomial for balanced spatial graphs (originally due to Kinoshita \cite{ki}), and examine their behavior under some common operations on the graph. We use the Alexander module to define the determinant and p-colorings of a balanced spatial graph, and provide examples. We show that the determinant of a spatial graph determines for which p the graph is p-colorable, and that a p-coloring of a graph corresponds to a representation of …


Alexander And Writhe Polynomials For Virtual Knots, Blake Mellor Jan 2016

Alexander And Writhe Polynomials For Virtual Knots, Blake Mellor

Mathematics, Statistics and Data Science Faculty Works

We give a new interpretation of the Alexander polynomial Δ0 for virtual knots due to Sawollek and Silver and Williams, and use it to show that, for any virtual knot, Δ0 determines the writhe polynomial of Cheng and Gao (equivalently, Kauffman's affine index polynomial). We also use it to define a second-order writhe polynomial, and give some applications.


Consistency Of Cheeger And Ratio Graph Cuts, Nicolas Garcia Trillos, Dejan Slepcev, James Von Brecht, Thomas Laurent, Xavier Bresson Jan 2016

Consistency Of Cheeger And Ratio Graph Cuts, Nicolas Garcia Trillos, Dejan Slepcev, James Von Brecht, Thomas Laurent, Xavier Bresson

Mathematics, Statistics and Data Science Faculty Works

This paper establishes the consistency of a family of graph-cut- based algorithms for clustering of data clouds. We consider point clouds obtained as samples of a ground-truth measure. We investigate approaches to clustering based on minimizing objective functionals defined on proximity graphs of the given sample. Our focus is on functionals based on graph cuts like the Cheeger and ratio cuts. We show that minimizers of these cuts converge as the sample size increases to a minimizer of a corresponding continuum cut (which partitions the ground truth measure). Moreover, we obtain sharp conditions on how the connectivity radius can be …


Links With Finite N-Quandles, Jim Hoste, Patrick D. Shanahan Jan 2016

Links With Finite N-Quandles, Jim Hoste, Patrick D. Shanahan

Mathematics, Statistics and Data Science Faculty Works

We prove a conjecture of Przytycki which asserts that the n-quandle of a link L in the 3-sphere is finite if and only if the fundamental group of the n-fold cyclic branched cover of the 3-sphere, branched over L, is finite.


Involutory Quandles Of (2,2,R)-Montesinos Links, Jim Hoste, Patrick D. Shanahan Jan 2016

Involutory Quandles Of (2,2,R)-Montesinos Links, Jim Hoste, Patrick D. Shanahan

Mathematics, Statistics and Data Science Faculty Works

In this paper we show that Montesinos links of the form L(1/2, 1/2, p/q;e), which we call (2,2,r)-Montesinos links, have finite involutory quandles. This generalizes an observation of Winker regarding the (2, 2, q)-pretzel links. We also describe some properties of these quandles.


Synthesis And Functionalization Of A Triaryldiamine-Base Photoconductive/Photorefractive Composite, And Its Application To Aberrated Image Restoration, Yichen Liang Jan 2016

Synthesis And Functionalization Of A Triaryldiamine-Base Photoconductive/Photorefractive Composite, And Its Application To Aberrated Image Restoration, Yichen Liang

Doctoral Dissertations

"Organic photorefractive (PR) composites have recently emerged as an important class of materials for applications including high-density data storage, optical communication, and biomedical imaging. In an effort to further improve their performance, this study focused on the utilization of functionalized semiconductor nanocrystals to photosensitize triaryamine (TPD)-based PR composites, as well as the application of TPD-based PR composites in the restoration of aberrated optical information. A novel approach to functionalize CdSe quantum dot (QCdSe) was firstly introduced where the sulfonated triarydiamine (STPD) was used as charge-transporting ligand to passivate QCdSe. TPD-based photoconductive and PR composites were photosensitized with the STPD-passivated QCdSe …


Models Of Leader Elections And Their Applications, Stephen Curtis Jackson Jan 2016

Models Of Leader Elections And Their Applications, Stephen Curtis Jackson

Doctoral Dissertations

"New research about cyber-physical systems is rapidly changing the way we think about critical infrastructures such as the power grid. Changing requirements for the generation, storage, and availability of power are all driving the development of the smart-grid. Many smart-grid projects disperse power generation across a wide area and control devices with a distributed system. However, in a distributed system, the state of processes is hard to determine due to isolation of memory. By using information flow security models, we reason about a process's beliefs of the system state in a distributed system. Information flow analysis aided in the creation …


The Regularity Of The Boundary Of A Multidimensional Aggregation Patch, Andrea L. Bertozzi, John B. Garnett, Thomas Laurent, Joan Verdera Jan 2016

The Regularity Of The Boundary Of A Multidimensional Aggregation Patch, Andrea L. Bertozzi, John B. Garnett, Thomas Laurent, Joan Verdera

Mathematics, Statistics and Data Science Faculty Works

We consider solutions to the aggregation equation with Newtonian potential where the initial data are the characteristic function of a domain with boundary of class $C^{1+\gamma}$ ,$0<\gamma<1$. Such initial data are known to yield a solution that, going forward in time, retains a patch-like structure with a constant time-dependent density inside an evolving region, which collapses on itself in a finite time, and which, going backward in time, converges in an $L^1$ sense to a self-similar expanding ball solution. In this work, we prove $C^{1+\gamma}$ regularity of the domain's boundary on the time interval on which the solution exists as an $L^\infty$ patch, up to the collapse time going forward in time and for all finite times going backward in time.


The Segal–Shale–Weil Representation, The Indices Of Kashiwara And Maslov, And Quantum Mechanics, Michael C. Berg Jan 2016

The Segal–Shale–Weil Representation, The Indices Of Kashiwara And Maslov, And Quantum Mechanics, Michael C. Berg

Mathematics, Statistics and Data Science Faculty Works

We produce a connection between the Weil 2-cocycles defining the local and adèlic metaplectic groups defined over a global field, i.e. the double covers of the attendant local and adèlic symplectic groups, and local and adèlic Maslov indices of the type considered by Souriau and Leray. With the latter tied to phase integrals occurring in quantum mechanics, we provide a formulation of quadratic reciprocity for the underlying field, first in terms of an adèlic phase integral, and then in terms of generalized time evolution unitary operators.


Generalized Local And Nonlocal Master Equations For Some Stochastic Processes, Yanping Ma Jan 2016

Generalized Local And Nonlocal Master Equations For Some Stochastic Processes, Yanping Ma

Mathematics, Statistics and Data Science Faculty Works

In this paper, we present a study on generalized local and nonlocal equations for some stochastic processes. By considering the net flux change in a region determined by the transition probability, we derive the master equation to describe the evolution of the probability density function. Some examples, such as classical Fokker-Planck equations, models for Lévy process, and stochastic coagulation equations, are provided as illustrations. A particular application is a consistent derivation of coupled dynamical systems for spatially inhomogeneous stochastic coagulation processes.


Carbon Cycling In Santa Barbara Basin Sediments: A Modeling Study, David J. Burdige, Tomoko Komada, Cédric Magen, Jeffrey P. Chanton Jan 2016

Carbon Cycling In Santa Barbara Basin Sediments: A Modeling Study, David J. Burdige, Tomoko Komada, Cédric Magen, Jeffrey P. Chanton

OES Faculty Publications

The primary input of organic matter to almost all marine sediments comes from deposition at the sediment surface. However, in many continental margin settings, reduced carbon can also be added to sediments from below—for example, from “deep” geologic hydrocarbon reservoirs derived from ancient source rocks or from the decomposition of deeply buried gas hydrate deposits. To examine the impact of these two differing reduced carbon inputs on sediment biogeochemistry, a modified reaction-transport model for anoxic marine sediments is described here and applied to data from sediment cores in Santa Barbara Basin to a depth of 4.6 m. Excellent model fits …


Potential Benefits And Shortcomings Of Marine Protected Areas For Small Seabirds Revealed Using Miniature Tags, Sara M. Maxwell, Melinda G. Conners, Nicholas B. Sisson, Tiffany M. Dawson Jan 2016

Potential Benefits And Shortcomings Of Marine Protected Areas For Small Seabirds Revealed Using Miniature Tags, Sara M. Maxwell, Melinda G. Conners, Nicholas B. Sisson, Tiffany M. Dawson

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Marine protected areas are considered important tools for protecting marine biodiversity, and animal tracking is a key way to determine if boundaries are effectively placed for protection of key marine species, including seabirds. We tracked chick-rearing brown noddies (Anous stolidus) from the Dry Tortugas National Park in Florida USA in 2016 using 1.8 g Nanofix GPS tags (n = 10), making this the first time this species has ever been tracked. We determined movement parameters, such as flight speed, distance traveled and home range, and how birds used a complex of marine protected areas including the Dry Tortugas …


Assessing The Cost Of Global Biodiversity And Conservation Knowledge, Diego Juffe-Bignoli, Thomas M. Brooks, Stuart H. M. Butchart, Richard B. Jenkins, Kaia Boe, Michael Hoffman, Ariadne Angulo, Steve Bachman, Monica Böhm, Neil Brummitt, Kent E. Carpenter Jan 2016

Assessing The Cost Of Global Biodiversity And Conservation Knowledge, Diego Juffe-Bignoli, Thomas M. Brooks, Stuart H. M. Butchart, Richard B. Jenkins, Kaia Boe, Michael Hoffman, Ariadne Angulo, Steve Bachman, Monica Böhm, Neil Brummitt, Kent E. Carpenter

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Knowledge products comprise assessments of authoritative information supported by standards, governance, quality control, data, tools, and capacity building mechanisms. Considerable resources are dedicated to developing and maintaining knowledge products for biodiversity conservation, and they are widely used to inform policy and advise decision makers and practitioners. However, the financial cost of delivering this information is largely undocumented. We evaluated the costs and funding sources for developing and maintaining four global biodiversity and conservation knowledge products: The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, the IUCN Red List of Ecosystems, Protected Planet, and the World Database of Key Biodiversity Areas. These are …


Enabling Method To Design Versatile Biomaterial Systems From Colloidal Building Blocks, Shalini Saxena, L. Andrew Lyon Jan 2016

Enabling Method To Design Versatile Biomaterial Systems From Colloidal Building Blocks, Shalini Saxena, L. Andrew Lyon

Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research

Development of materials with fine spatial control over topographical, mechanical, or chemical features has been investigated for a variety of applications. Here we present a method to fabricate an array of polyelectrolyte constructs including two-dimensionally and three-dimensionally patterned assemblies using both compressible and incompressible colloidal building blocks. This method eliminates prior constraints associated with specific chemistries, and can be used to develop modular, multi-component, patterned assemblies. In particular, development of constructs were investigated using microgels, which are colloidally stable hydrogel microparticles, polystyrene (PS) beads, and PS-microgel core-shell building blocks in conjunction with the polycation poly(ethyleneimine) (PEI). The topography, mechanical properties, …


Evaluating And Improving The Efficiency Of Software And Algorithms For Sequence Data Analysis, Hugh L. Eaves Jan 2016

Evaluating And Improving The Efficiency Of Software And Algorithms For Sequence Data Analysis, Hugh L. Eaves

Theses and Dissertations

With the ever-growing size of sequence data sets, data processing and analysis are an increasingly large portion of the time and money spent on nucleic acid sequencing projects. Correspondingly, the performance of the software and algorithms used to perform that analysis has a direct effect on the time and expense involved. Although the analytical methods are widely varied, certain types of software and algorithms are applicable to a number of areas. Targeting improvements to these common elements has the potential for wide reaching rewards. This dissertation research consisted of several projects to characterize and improve upon the efficiency of several …


Examining The Potential Impact Of Swot Observations In An Ocean Analysis-Forecasting System, Matthew Carrier, Hans E. Ngodock, Scott R. Smith, Innocent Souopgui, Brent Bartels Jan 2016

Examining The Potential Impact Of Swot Observations In An Ocean Analysis-Forecasting System, Matthew Carrier, Hans E. Ngodock, Scott R. Smith, Innocent Souopgui, Brent Bartels

Faculty Publications

NASA's Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) satellite, scheduled for launch in 2020, will provide observations of sea surface height anomaly (SSHA) at a significantly higher spatial resolution than current satellite altimeters. This new observation type is expected to improve the ocean model mesoscale circulation. The potential improvement that SWOT will provide is investigated in this work by way of twin-data assimilation experiments using the Navy Coastal Ocean Model four-dimensional variational data assimilation (NCOM-4DVAR) system in its weak constraint formulation. Simulated SWOT observations are sampled from an ocean model run (referred to as the "nature" run) using an observation-simulator program …


Inactivation Of Peptidylglycine Α-Hydroxylating Monooxygenase By Cinnamic Acid Analogs, Neil R. Mcintyre, Edward W. Lowe Jr, Matthew R. Battistini, James W. Leahy, David J. Merkler Jan 2016

Inactivation Of Peptidylglycine Α-Hydroxylating Monooxygenase By Cinnamic Acid Analogs, Neil R. Mcintyre, Edward W. Lowe Jr, Matthew R. Battistini, James W. Leahy, David J. Merkler

Chemistry Faculty Publications

Peptidylglycine α-amidating monooxygenase (PAM) is a bifunctional enzyme that catalyzes the final reaction in the maturation of α-amidated peptide hormones. Peptidylglycine α-hydroxylating monooxygenase (PHM) is the PAM domain responsible for the copper-, ascorbate- and O2-dependent hydroxylation of a glycine-extended peptide. Peptidylamidoglycolate lyase is the PAM domain responsible for the Zn(II)-dependent dealkylation of the α-hydroxyglycine-containing precursor to the final α-amidated peptide. We report herein that cinnamic acid and cinnamic acid analogs are inhibitors or inactivators of PHM. The inactivation chemistry exhibited by the cinnamates exhibits all the attributes of a suicide-substrate. However, we find no evidence for the formation …


A Fossilized Energy Distribution Of Lightning, Matthew A. Pasek, Marc Hurst Jan 2016

A Fossilized Energy Distribution Of Lightning, Matthew A. Pasek, Marc Hurst

School of Geosciences Faculty and Staff Publications

When lightning strikes soil, it may generate a cylindrical tube of glass known as a fulgurite. The morphology of a fulgurite is ultimately a consequence of the energy of the lightning strike that formed it, and hence fulgurites may be useful in elucidating the energy distribution frequency of cloud-to-ground lightning. Fulgurites from sand mines in Polk County, Florida, USA were collected and analyzed to determine morphologic properties. Here we show that the energy per unit length of lightning strikes within quartz sand has a geometric mean of ~1.0 MJ/m, and that the distribution is lognormal with respect to energy per …


Evaluation Of Aster-Like Daily Land Surface Temperature By Fusing Aster And Modis Data During The Hiwater-Musoexe, Guijun Yang, Qihao Weng, Ruiliang Pu, Feng Gao, Chenhong Sun, Hua Li, Chunjiang Zhao Jan 2016

Evaluation Of Aster-Like Daily Land Surface Temperature By Fusing Aster And Modis Data During The Hiwater-Musoexe, Guijun Yang, Qihao Weng, Ruiliang Pu, Feng Gao, Chenhong Sun, Hua Li, Chunjiang Zhao

School of Geosciences Faculty and Staff Publications

Land surface temperature (LST) is an important parameter that is highly responsive to surface energy fluxes and has become valuable to many disciplines. However, it is difficult to acquire satellite LSTs with both high spatial and temporal resolutions due to tradeoffs between them. Thus, various algorithms/models have been developed to enhance the spatial or the temporal resolution of thermal infrared (TIR) data or LST, but rarely both. The Spatial and Temporal Adaptive Reflectance Fusion Model (STARFM) is the widely-used data fusion algorithm for Landsat and MODIS imagery to produce Landsat-like surface reflectance. In order to extend the STARFM application over …


A Dielasma Community From The Triassic Of Makhtesh Ramon, Southern Israel, Howard R. Feldman, Alexa J. Belowich Jan 2016

A Dielasma Community From The Triassic Of Makhtesh Ramon, Southern Israel, Howard R. Feldman, Alexa J. Belowich

Lander College for Women - The Anna Ruth and Mark Hasten School Publications and Research

The cosmopolitan brachiopod Dielasma ranges from the Upper Mississippian through the Upper Triassic. In southern Israel a new Dielasma community is recognized from the Triassic Saharonim Formation, Ramon Crater. The shells represent a new species and are very strongly sulciplicated, a feature that seems to be more prevalent in the Mesozoic than the Paleozoic. The Saharonim Formation was deposited under normal, calm, relatively shallow marine conditions as part of the global transgression of the Early Ladinian sea. There is no evidence of evaporitic or dolomitic sediments. The complete absence of scouring within the carbonates or signs of channeling and ripple …


Assessing The Impacts Of Climate Change On The Surface Temperature Of Inland Lakes In Michigan, Kaitlin Reinl Jan 2016

Assessing The Impacts Of Climate Change On The Surface Temperature Of Inland Lakes In Michigan, Kaitlin Reinl

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

The aim of this study was to validate and apply a lake model for predicting the susceptibility of small inland lakes in Michigan to changes in thermal regime and increased cyanobacteria growth as a result of future climate conditions. The Freshwater Lake Model was selected, tested for sensitivity to various inputs, and validated through comparison to observed conditions. The sensitivity analysis showed that the lake model was most sensitive to solar radiation, air temperature, and air humidity. Comparison of predicted climate data with observed conditions revealed highly variable climate model error. The lake model validation was conducted using 10 lakes …


Open Data Discourse: Consumer Acceptance Of Personal Cloud: Integrating Trust And Risk With The Technology Acceptance Model, Murad Moqbel, Valerie L. Bartelt Jan 2016

Open Data Discourse: Consumer Acceptance Of Personal Cloud: Integrating Trust And Risk With The Technology Acceptance Model, Murad Moqbel, Valerie L. Bartelt

Information Systems Faculty Publications and Presentations

This paper provides the data used to analyze the conceptual replication of Pavlou (2003) by Moqbel and Bartelt (2015) which studied factors that impacted consumer’s behavioral intentions to make online transactions by integrating trust and perceived risk with the technology acceptance model (TAM). We provide a detailed description of the data so it meets the open data standards. In particular, we explain the structure of the data so that other researchers can easily analyze the same dataset to come to the same results and conclusions. Our dataset consists of 240 observations which includes the following constructs: perceived trust, perceived risk, …


First Measurement Of The Helicity Asymmetry Ein Ηphotoproduction On The Proton, R.A. Badui, Lei Guo, W. Phelps, D. Schott Jan 2016

First Measurement Of The Helicity Asymmetry Ein Ηphotoproduction On The Proton, R.A. Badui, Lei Guo, W. Phelps, D. Schott

Department of Physics

No abstract provided.


Tagged Spectator Deep-Inelastic Scattering Off The Deuteron As A Tool To Study Neutron Structure, Wim Cosyn, Misak M. Sargsian Jan 2016

Tagged Spectator Deep-Inelastic Scattering Off The Deuteron As A Tool To Study Neutron Structure, Wim Cosyn, Misak M. Sargsian

Department of Physics

We give an overview of a model to describe deep-inelastic scattering (DIS) off the deuteron with a spectator proton, based on the virtual nucleon approximation (VNA). The model accounts for the final-state interactions (FSI) of the DIS debris with the spectator proton. Values of the rescattering cross section are obtained by fits to high-momentum spectator data. By using the so-called “pole extrapolation” method, free neutron structure functions can be obtained by extrapolating low-momentum spectator proton data to the on-shell neutron pole. We apply this method to the BONuS data set and find a surprising Bjorken x dependence, indicating a possible …


Trace Fossils From The Shawangunk Formation In The Hudson Valley Indicate An Estuarine Depositional Environment, Howard R. Feldman, Alex Bartholemew, Carlton E. Brett, Matthew B. Vrazo, Marcelo Rosensaft Jan 2016

Trace Fossils From The Shawangunk Formation In The Hudson Valley Indicate An Estuarine Depositional Environment, Howard R. Feldman, Alex Bartholemew, Carlton E. Brett, Matthew B. Vrazo, Marcelo Rosensaft

Lander College for Women - The Anna Ruth and Mark Hasten School Publications and Research

The Middle Silurian Shawangunk Formation crops out in the lower Hudson Valley and extends toward the southwest into New Jersey and Pennsylvania. It reaches a maximum thickness around Guymard (1,400 ft.; 400m) and gradually thins toward the northeast, pinching out near Binnewater, New York. The formation consists of gray conglomerate, quartz arenite, and minor shale. Worm burrows, Arthrophycus, Skolithos, Planolites?, and a bilobed resting trace have been found at different stratigraphic horizons in the Shawangunk Formation. All traces are associated with a finer, sandy matrix and/or hematite-rich interval rather than a coarse, pebbly quartz sandstone lithology dominant in the bulk …


Construction Of Multi-State Potential Energy Surfaces For Spectroscopy And Dynamics, Phalgun Lolur Jan 2016

Construction Of Multi-State Potential Energy Surfaces For Spectroscopy And Dynamics, Phalgun Lolur

Doctoral Dissertations

"This dissertation is about construction and visualization of multi-state Born-Oppenheimer potential energy surfaces which are essential for studying spectroscopy and dynamics. A potential energy surface is a mathematical function that represents the energy of a system as a function of its molecular geometry. The Born-Oppenheimer approximation enables us to solve the Schrödinger equation by separating the nuclear and electronic motions. Construction of potential energy surfaces has become a basic and crucial operation for chemists in order to compute various electronic states of molecules for understanding the spectroscopy, kinetics and dynamics of molecules. These methods have been used to successfully (i) …


Impact Of Gamma-Irradiation On The Characteristics Of Iii-N/Gan Based High Electron Mobility Transistors, Anupama Yadav Jan 2016

Impact Of Gamma-Irradiation On The Characteristics Of Iii-N/Gan Based High Electron Mobility Transistors, Anupama Yadav

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

In this study, the fundamental properties of AlGaN/GaN based High Electron Mobility Transistors (HEMTs) have been investigated in order to optimize their performance in radiation harsh environment. AlGaN/GaN HEMTs were irradiated with 60Co gamma-rays to doses up to 1000 Gy, and the effects of irradiation on the devices' transport and optical properties were analyzed. Understanding the radiation affects in HEMTs devices, on carrier transport, recombination rates and traps creation play a significant role in development and design of radiation resistant semiconductor components for different applications. Electrical testing combined with temperature dependent Electron Beam Induced Current (EBIC) that we used in …