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2017

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Articles 11521 - 11550 of 12521

Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Evolving Network Structure Of Academic Institutions, Shufan Wang, Mariam Avagyan, Per Sebastian Skardal Jan 2017

Evolving Network Structure Of Academic Institutions, Shufan Wang, Mariam Avagyan, Per Sebastian Skardal

Faculty Scholarship

Today’s colleges and universities consist of highly complex structures that dictate interactions between the administration, faculty, and student body. These structures can play a role in dictating the efficiency of policy enacted by the administration and determine the effect that curriculum changes in one department have on other departments. Despite the fact that the features of these complex structures have a strong impact on the institutions, they remain by-and-large unknown in many cases. In this paper we study the academic structure of our home institution of Trinity College in Hartford, CT using the major and minor patterns between graduating students …

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Efficient Core Utilization In A Hybrid Parallel Delaunay Meshing Algorithm On Distributed-Memory Cluster, Daming Feng, Andrey N. Chernikov, Nikos P. Chrisochoides Jan 2017

Efficient Core Utilization In A Hybrid Parallel Delaunay Meshing Algorithm On Distributed-Memory Cluster, Daming Feng, Andrey N. Chernikov, Nikos P. Chrisochoides

Computer Science Faculty Publications

Most of the current supercomputer architectures consist of clusters of nodes that are used by many clients (users). A user wants his/her job submitted in the job queue to be scheduled promptly. However, the resource sharing and job scheduling policies that are used in the scheduling system to manage the jobs are usually beyond the control of users. Therefore, in order to reduce the waiting time of their jobs, it is becoming more and more crucial for the users to consider how to implement the algorithms that are suitable to the system scheduling policies and are able to effectively and …

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Ansi/Niso Z39.99-2017 Resourcesync Framework Specification, Kevin Ruthen, Jill Emery, Mark Doyle, Mark Needleman, Sue Baughman, Evan Owens, Oliver Pesch, Mike Dicus, Nassib Nassar, Tim Auger, Amy Kirchhoff, Sally Mccallum, Diana Magnoni, Paul Swanson, Gregory Grazevich, Nara Newcomer, Gregory Grazevich, Juha Hakala, Barbara Rapp, Beverly Geckle, Carol Brent, Gary Van Overborg, Rick Burke, Kristin Antelman, Scott Bernier, Pascal Calarco, John Dove, Lucy Harrison, Peter Murray, Christine Stohn, Julie Zhu, Todd Carpenter, Bernhard Haslhofer, Richard Jones, Martin Klein, Graham Klyne, Carl Lagoze, Stuart Lewis, Peter Murray, Michael Nelson, Shlomo Sanders, Robert Sanderson, Herbert Van De Sompel, Paul Walk, Simeon Warner, Zhiwu Xie, Jeff Young Jan 2017

Ansi/Niso Z39.99-2017 Resourcesync Framework Specification, Kevin Ruthen, Jill Emery, Mark Doyle, Mark Needleman, Sue Baughman, Evan Owens, Oliver Pesch, Mike Dicus, Nassib Nassar, Tim Auger, Amy Kirchhoff, Sally Mccallum, Diana Magnoni, Paul Swanson, Gregory Grazevich, Nara Newcomer, Gregory Grazevich, Juha Hakala, Barbara Rapp, Beverly Geckle, Carol Brent, Gary Van Overborg, Rick Burke, Kristin Antelman, Scott Bernier, Pascal Calarco, John Dove, Lucy Harrison, Peter Murray, Christine Stohn, Julie Zhu, Todd Carpenter, Bernhard Haslhofer, Richard Jones, Martin Klein, Graham Klyne, Carl Lagoze, Stuart Lewis, Peter Murray, Michael Nelson, Shlomo Sanders, Robert Sanderson, Herbert Van De Sompel, Paul Walk, Simeon Warner, Zhiwu Xie, Jeff Young

Computer Science Faculty Publications

This ResourceSync specification describes a synchronization framework for the web consisting of various capabilities that allow third-party systems to remain synchronized with a server’s evolving resources. The capabilities may be combined in a modular manner to meet local or community requirements. This specification also describes how a server should advertise the synchronization capabilities it supports and how third-party systems may discover this information. The specification repurposes the document formats defined by the Sitemap protocol and introduces extensions for them.

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Reasoning About Frame Properties In Object-Oriented Programs, Yuyan Bao Jan 2017

Reasoning About Frame Properties In Object-Oriented Programs, Yuyan Bao

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Framing is important for specification and verification of object-oriented programs. This dissertation develops the local reasoning approach for framing in the presence of data structures with unrestricted sharing and subtyping. It can verify shared data structures specified in a concise way by unifying fine-grained region logic and separation logic. Then the fine-grained region logic is extended to reason about subtyping. First, fine-grained region logic is adapted from region logic to express regions at the granularity of individual fields. Conditional region expressions are introduced; not only does this allow one to specify more precise frame conditions, it also has the ability …

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Learning Dynamic Network Models For Complex Social Systems, Alireza Hajibagheri Jan 2017

Learning Dynamic Network Models For Complex Social Systems, Alireza Hajibagheri

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Human societies are inherently complex and highly dynamic, resulting in rapidly changing social networks, containing multiple types of dyadic interactions. Analyzing these time-varying multiplex networks with approaches developed for static, single layer networks often produces poor results. To address this problem, our approach is to explicitly learn the dynamics of these complex networks. This dissertation focuses on five problems: 1) learning link formation rates; 2) predicting changes in community membership; 3) using time series to predict changes in network structure; 4) modeling coevolution patterns across network layers and 5) extracting information from negative layers of a multiplex network. To study …

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Exploring The Multi-Touch Interaction Design Space For 3d Virtual Objects To Support Procedural Training Tasks, Sarah Holderness Jan 2017

Exploring The Multi-Touch Interaction Design Space For 3d Virtual Objects To Support Procedural Training Tasks, Sarah Holderness

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Multi-touch interaction has the potential to be an important input method for realistic training in 3D environments. However, multi-touch interaction has not been explored much in 3D tasks, especially when trying to leverage realistic, real-world interaction paradigms. A systematic inquiry into what realistic gestures look like for 3D environments is required to understand how users translate real-world motions to multi-touch motions. Once those gestures are defined, it is important to see how we can leverage those gestures to enhance training tasks. In order to explore the interaction design space for 3D virtual objects, we began by conducting our first study …

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Designing Light Filters To Detect Skin Using A Low-Powered Sensor, Muhammad Uzair Tariq Jan 2017

Designing Light Filters To Detect Skin Using A Low-Powered Sensor, Muhammad Uzair Tariq

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Detection of nudity in photos and videos, especially prior to uploading to the internet, is vital to solving many problems related to adolescent sexting, the distribution of child pornography, and cyber-bullying. The problem with using nudity detection algorithms as a means to combat these problems is that: 1) it implies that a digitized nude photo of a minor already exists (i.e., child pornography), and 2) there are real ethical and legal concerns around the distribution and processing of child pornography. Once a camera captures an image, that image is no longer secure. Therefore, we need to develop new privacy-preserving solutions …

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Spin And Charge Transport In Graphene Based Devices, Marta Anguera Antonana Jan 2017

Spin And Charge Transport In Graphene Based Devices, Marta Anguera Antonana

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The present dissertation is comprehended in two main parts. The first part is focused on understanding the mechanisms behind spin current to charge current interconversion (i.e. the spin Hall angle), where the spin current is generated by means of spin pumping. The measurement of a positive spin Hall angle of magnitude 0.004 in Uranium is reported in Chapter 2. These results support the idea that the electronic configuration may be at least as important as the atomic number in governing spin Hall effects. In Chapter 3, the design of a spintronics device designed to interconvert charge and spin currents in …

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Filament Wavefront Evolution, Daniel Thul Jan 2017

Filament Wavefront Evolution, Daniel Thul

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Filamentation is a complex process that gives rise to many nonlinear interactions. However, the fundamentals of filament formation and propagation can be explained in terms of two dominant mechanisms: Kerr self-focusing and plasma defocusing. The first to occur, self-focusing, is responsible for an increase in irradiance through beam collapse. This process requires sufficient initial peak power, on the order of gigawatts for near infrared beams in air. Plasma defocusing then arrests the collapse process once the irradiance reaches the ionization threshold of the medium. These two processes balance each other in an extended plasma channel known as a filament. A …

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Resource Allocation And Pricing In Secondary Dynamic Spectrum Access Networks, Enas Khairullah Jan 2017

Resource Allocation And Pricing In Secondary Dynamic Spectrum Access Networks, Enas Khairullah

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The paradigm shift from static spectrum allocation to a dynamic one has opened many challenges that need to be addressed for the true vision of Dynamic Spectrum Access (DSA) to materialize. This dissertation proposes novel solutions that include: spectrum allocation, routing, and scheduling in DSA networks. First, we propose an auction-based spectrum allocation scheme in a multi-channel environment where secondary users (SUs) bid to buy channels from primary users (PUs) based on the signal to interference and noise ratio (SINR). The channels are allocated such that i) the SUs get their preferred channels, ii) channels are re-used, and iii) there …

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Learning Robotic Manipulation From User Demonstrations, Rouhollah Rahmatizadeh Jan 2017

Learning Robotic Manipulation From User Demonstrations, Rouhollah Rahmatizadeh

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Personal robots that help disabled or elderly people in their activities of daily living need to be able to autonomously perform complex manipulation tasks. Traditional approaches to this problem employ task-specific controllers. However, these must to be designed by expert programmers, are focused on a single task, and will perform the task as programmed, not according to the preferences of the user. In this dissertation, we investigate methods that enable an assistive robot to learn to execute tasks as demonstrated by the user. First, we describe a learning from demonstration (LfD) method that learns assistive tasks that need to be …

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Visual Saliency Detection And Semantic Segmentation, Nasim Souly Jan 2017

Visual Saliency Detection And Semantic Segmentation, Nasim Souly

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Visual saliency is the ability to select the most relevant data in the scene and reduce the amount of data that needs to be processed. We propose a novel unsupervised approach to detect visual saliency in videos. For this, we employ a hierarchical segmentation technique to obtain supervoxels of a video, and simultaneously, we build a dictionary from cuboids of the video. Then we create a feature matrix from coefficients of dictionary elements. Next, we decompose this matrix into sparse and redundant parts and obtain salient regions using group lasso. Our experiments provide promising results in terms of predicting eye …

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Measuring And Modeling Nmr And Emission Spectra To Gain New Insight Into Challenging Organic Compounds, Jacob Powell Jan 2017

Measuring And Modeling Nmr And Emission Spectra To Gain New Insight Into Challenging Organic Compounds, Jacob Powell

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The advancement of theoretical methods in recent years has allowed the calculation of highly accurate spectroscopic parameters. Comparing these values to the corresponding experimental data can allow molecular structures to be elucidated. This dissertation details the use of experimental and theoretical data from nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and fluorescence spectroscopy to determine structure. Herein the NMR focus is on measuring & modeling chemical shift anisotropy and one-bond carbon-carbon J-coupling constants (1JCC). The fluorescence analysis models vibrationally resolved fluorescence spectra. Chemical shift anisotropy techniques were used to study two conflicting crystal structures of the n-alkyl fatty acid, lauric acid. These two …

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Novel Computational Methods For Integrated Circuit Reverse Engineering, Travis Meade Jan 2017

Novel Computational Methods For Integrated Circuit Reverse Engineering, Travis Meade

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Production of Integrated Circuits (ICs) has been largely strengthened by globalization. System-on-chip providers are capable of utilizing many different providers which can be responsible for a single task. This horizontal structure drastically improves to time-to-market and reduces manufacturing cost. However, untrust of oversea foundries threatens to dismantle the complex economic model currently in place. Many Intellectual Property (IP) consumers become concerned over what potentially malicious or unspecified logic might reside within their application. This logic which is inserted with the intention of causing harm to a consumer has been referred to as a Hardware Trojan (HT). To help IP consumers, …

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Biomarker Discovery Using Urinary Metabolomics For Noninvasive Early Cancer Detection, Casey Franklin Burton Jan 2017

Biomarker Discovery Using Urinary Metabolomics For Noninvasive Early Cancer Detection, Casey Franklin Burton

Doctoral Dissertations

"The development of new screening methods for the early detection of cancer remains one of the foremost challenges facing modern cancer research. The emergence of new analytical technologies and their application to 'omics'-based approaches has provided researchers with powerful new tools for molecular biomarker discovery that may benefit early screening of cancer. This dissertation outlines several key advances made toward the application of urinary metabolomics to cancer biomarker discovery. The term urinary metabolomics here refers to the investigation of small metabolites in urine as potential disease biomarkers. The advantage of using this approach lies in its noninvasive sampling characteristics and …

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Fusion Of Non-Visual And Visual Sensors For Human Tracking, Wenchao Jiang Jan 2017

Fusion Of Non-Visual And Visual Sensors For Human Tracking, Wenchao Jiang

Doctoral Dissertations

"Human tracking is an extensively researched yet still challenging area in the Computer Vision field, with a wide range of applications such as surveillance and healthcare. People may not be successfully tracked with merely the visual information in challenging cases such as long-term occlusion. Thus, we propose to combine information from other sensors with the surveillance cameras to persistently localize and track humans, which is becoming more promising with the pervasiveness of mobile devices such as cellphones, smart watches and smart glasses embedded with all kinds of sensors including accelerometers, gyroscopes, magnetometers, GPS, WiFi modules and so on. In this …

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Dirac Surface States Of Magnetic Topological Insulators, Seng Huat Lee Jan 2017

Dirac Surface States Of Magnetic Topological Insulators, Seng Huat Lee

Doctoral Dissertations

"Magnetic topological insulator (TI) has been theoretically proposed to be a platform for inducing magnetic monopole and exhibit fascinating quantum phenomena, whereas topological superconductor can host Majorana fermions, particles that are their own antiparticles, which can be manipulated for topological quantum computing. In this dissertation, we experimentally demonstrated that by intercalation of different transition metals in the van der Waals gaps of Bi2Se3 TI, magnetism and even superconductivity can be induced. In FexBi2Se3, antiferromagnetism is induced with a transition temperature at ~ 100 K. Coexistence of the Dirac surface state with …

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Data Analytics Methods For Attack Detection And Localization In Wireless Networks, Yi Ling Jan 2017

Data Analytics Methods For Attack Detection And Localization In Wireless Networks, Yi Ling

Doctoral Dissertations

"Wireless ad hoc network operates without any fixed infrastructure and centralized administration. It is a group of wirelessly connected nodes having the capability to work as host and router. Due to its features of open communication medium, dynamic changing topology, and cooperative algorithm, security is the primary concern when designing wireless networks. Compared to the traditional wired network, a clean division of layers may be sacrificed for performance in wireless ad hoc networks. As a result, they are vulnerable to various types of attacks at different layers of the protocol stack. In this paper, I present real-time series data analysis …

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Depositional Systems, Sequence Architecture, And Controlling Factors Of An Eocene Stratigraphic Sequence At Minfeng Steep Margin Of Dongying Depression, Eastern China, Zhixin Li Jan 2017

Depositional Systems, Sequence Architecture, And Controlling Factors Of An Eocene Stratigraphic Sequence At Minfeng Steep Margin Of Dongying Depression, Eastern China, Zhixin Li

Doctoral Dissertations

“This study is carried out in Minfeng area, the steep margin of Dongying half graben, eastern China, by integrating 3-D seismic, wireline log, and core data, and aims to interpret the depositional systems, reconstruct sequence stratigraphic architecture, and understand the controlling processes and factors at the steep margin of a rift basin. In the first part of this work, an Eocene stratigraphic sequence is divided into three systems tracts, corresponding to different stages of lake evolution, as early expansion (EEST), late expansion-early contraction (LEECST), and late contraction (LCST). EEST is the thickest and diagnostic by the best-developed marginal and basinal …

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Phage Display To Identify Functional Resistance Mutations To Rigosertib, Nedim Filipovic Jan 2017

Phage Display To Identify Functional Resistance Mutations To Rigosertib, Nedim Filipovic

CMC Senior Theses

In vitro protein selection has had major impacts in the field of protein engineering. Traditional screens assay individual proteins for specific function. Selection, however, analyzes a pool of mutants and yields the best variants. Phage display, a successful selection technique, also provides a reliable link between variant phenotype and genotype. It can also be coupled with high throughput sequencing to map protein mutations; potentially highlighting vital mutations in variants. We propose to apply this technique to cancer therapy. RAF, a serine/threonine kinase, is critical for cell regulation in mammals. RAF can be activated by oncogenic RAS, found in over 30% …

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Maximum Mass Restraint Of Neutron Stars: Quarks, Pion, Kaons, And Hyperons, Garrett Ryan Jan 2017

Maximum Mass Restraint Of Neutron Stars: Quarks, Pion, Kaons, And Hyperons, Garrett Ryan

CMC Senior Theses

This thesis explores the topic of maximum mass stability of neutron stars. The outer structure is detailed and explores nuclear pasta phases, the neutron drip line, and density transitions of matter in the crust and atmosphere layers. Other discussion points include superfluids in the crust and core, vortex roles in neutron stars, and magnetic field effects on the EOS in neutron stars. The inner core is studied in much more detail due to its significant role in EOS. The variety of stars include pion condensate stars, kaon condensate stars, npeu stars, npeu stars with the inclusion of hyperons, quark-hybrid stars, …

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Triple Non-Negative Matrix Factorization Technique For Sentiment Analysis And Topic Modeling, Alexander A. Waggoner Jan 2017

Triple Non-Negative Matrix Factorization Technique For Sentiment Analysis And Topic Modeling, Alexander A. Waggoner

CMC Senior Theses

Topic modeling refers to the process of algorithmically sorting documents into categories based on some common relationship between the documents. This common relationship between the documents is considered the “topic” of the documents. Sentiment analysis refers to the process of algorithmically sorting a document into a positive or negative category depending whether this document expresses a positive or negative opinion on its respective topic. In this paper, I consider the open problem of document classification into a topic category, as well as a sentiment category. This has a direct application to the retail industry where companies may want to scour …

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Cyclic Codes And Cyclic Lattices, Scott Maislin Jan 2017

Cyclic Codes And Cyclic Lattices, Scott Maislin

CMC Senior Theses

In this thesis, we review basic properties of linear codes and lattices with a certain focus on their interplay. In particular, we focus on the analogous con- structions of cyclic codes and cyclic lattices. We start out with a brief overview of the basic theory and properties of linear codes. We then demonstrate the construction of cyclic codes and emphasize their importance in error-correcting coding theory. Next we survey properties of lattices, focusing on algorithmic lattice problems, exhibit the construction of cyclic lattices and discuss their applications in cryptography. We emphasize the similarity and common prop- erties of the two …

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An Introduction To The Theory And Applications Of Bayesian Networks, Anant Jaitha Jan 2017

An Introduction To The Theory And Applications Of Bayesian Networks, Anant Jaitha

CMC Senior Theses

Bayesian networks are a means to study data. A Bayesian network gives structure to data by creating a graphical system to model the data. It then develops probability distributions over these variables. It explores variables in the problem space and examines the probability distributions related to those variables. It conducts statistical inference over those probability distributions to draw meaning from them. They are good means to explore a large set of data efficiently to make inferences. There are a number of real world applications that already exist and are being actively researched. This paper discusses the theory and applications of …

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Four Years With Russell, Gödel, And Erdős: An Undergraduate's Reflection On His Mathematical Education, Michael H. Boggess Jan 2017

Four Years With Russell, Gödel, And Erdős: An Undergraduate's Reflection On His Mathematical Education, Michael H. Boggess

CMC Senior Theses

Senior Thesis at CMC is often described institutionally as the capstone of one’s undergraduate education. As such, I wanted my own to accurately capture and reflect how I’ve grown as a student and mathematician these past four years. What follows is my attempt to distill lessons I learned in mathematics outside the curriculum, written for incoming undergraduates and anyone with just a little bit of mathematical curiosity. In it, I attempt to dispel some common preconceptions about mathematics, namely that it’s uninteresting, formulaic, acultural, or completely objective, in favor of a dynamic historical and cultural perspective, with particular attention paid …

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A New Frontier: But For Whom? An Analysis Of The Micro-Computer And Women’S Declining Participation In Computer Science, Eliana Keinan Jan 2017

A New Frontier: But For Whom? An Analysis Of The Micro-Computer And Women’S Declining Participation In Computer Science, Eliana Keinan

CMC Senior Theses

Though women’s participation in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields has greatly increased over the past 60 years, women’s participation in computer science peaked in the 1980s. The paper searches for key motivators for women entering computer science at the peak in order to isolate factors for the subsequent steep decline. A major finding of the paper is that having a computer at home is (weakly) statistically significant as a determinant for female students choosing to pursue computer science. This relationship is insignificant for students in other STEM and non-STEM fields. A final section of the paper examines employment …

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The Rational Investigation Of Anti-Cancer Peptide Specificity Using The Knob-Socket Model, Shivarni Patel Jan 2017

The Rational Investigation Of Anti-Cancer Peptide Specificity Using The Knob-Socket Model, Shivarni Patel

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

Cancer has been a pervasive and deadly problem for many years. No treatments have been developed that effectively destroy cancer cells while also keeping healthy cells safe. In this work, the knob-socket construct is used to analyze two systems involved in cancer pathways, the PDZ domain and the Bcl-BH3 complex. Application of the knob-socket model in mapping the packing surface topology (PST) allows a direct analysis of the residue groups important for peptide specificity and affinity in both of these systems. PDZ domains are regulatory proteins that bind the C-terminus of peptides involved in the signaling pathway of cancer progression. …

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Geometric Structures On Lie Algebras, Sabrina C. Walker Jan 2017

Geometric Structures On Lie Algebras, Sabrina C. Walker

Theses & Honors Papers

We investigate and classify the Lorentzian geometries on a variety of finite-dimensional Lie algebras. For a given Lie algebra, we first classify Lorentzian scalar products up to a notion of equivalence determined by a change of basis induced by an automorphism (or symmetry) of the underlying Lie algebra. We then use the classification of Lorentzian scalar products to find and classify those scalar products which correspond to algebraic Ricci solitons ( or algebraic Ricci soliton structures for the Lie algebra). A complete classification of Lorentzian scalar products and algebraic Ricci soliton structures is provided for a number of Lie algebras …

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Biocompatible Copper Oxide Nanoparticle Composites From Cellulose And Chitosan: Facile Synthesis, Unique Structure, And Antimicrobial Activity, Chieu D. Tran, James Makuvaza, Erik Munson, Brian Bennett Jan 2017

Biocompatible Copper Oxide Nanoparticle Composites From Cellulose And Chitosan: Facile Synthesis, Unique Structure, And Antimicrobial Activity, Chieu D. Tran, James Makuvaza, Erik Munson, Brian Bennett

Chemistry Faculty Research and Publications

Copper in various forms has been known to have bactericidal activity. Challenges to its application include preventing mobilization of the copper, to both extend activity and avoid toxicity, and bioincompatibility of many candidate substrates for copper immobilization. Using a simple ionic liquid, butylmethylimmidazolium chloride as the solvent, we developed a facile and green method to synthesize biocompatible composites containing copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs) from cellulose (CEL) and chitosan (CS) or CEL and keratin (KER). Spectroscopy and imaging results indicate that CEL, CS, and KER remained chemically intact and were homogeneously distributed in the composites with CuONPs with size of 22 …

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Cytoprotective Activated Protein C Averts Nlrp3 Inflammasome–Induced Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Via Mtorc1 Inhibition, Sumra Nazir, Ihsan Gadi, Moh'd Mohanad Al-Dabet, Ahmed Elwakiel, Shrey Kohli, Sanchita Ghosh, Jayakumar Manoharan, Satish Ranjan, Fabian Bock, Ruediger C. Braun-Dullaeus, Charles T. Esmon, Tobias B. Huber, Eric Camerer, Chris Dockendorff, John H. Griffin, Berend Isermann, Khurrum Shahzad Jan 2017

Cytoprotective Activated Protein C Averts Nlrp3 Inflammasome–Induced Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Via Mtorc1 Inhibition, Sumra Nazir, Ihsan Gadi, Moh'd Mohanad Al-Dabet, Ahmed Elwakiel, Shrey Kohli, Sanchita Ghosh, Jayakumar Manoharan, Satish Ranjan, Fabian Bock, Ruediger C. Braun-Dullaeus, Charles T. Esmon, Tobias B. Huber, Eric Camerer, Chris Dockendorff, John H. Griffin, Berend Isermann, Khurrum Shahzad

Chemistry Faculty Research and Publications

Cytoprotection by activated protein C (aPC) after ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is associated with apoptosis inhibition. However, IRI is hallmarked by inflammation, and hence, cell-death forms disjunct from immunologically silent apoptosis are, in theory, more likely to be relevant. Because pyroptosis (ie, cell death resulting from inflammasome activation) is typically observed in IRI, we speculated that aPC ameliorates IRI by inhibiting inflammasome activation. Here we analyzed the impact of aPC on inflammasome activity in myocardial and renal IRIs. aPC treatment before or after myocardial IRI reduced infarct size and Nlrp3 inflammasome activation in mice. Kinetic in vivo analyses revealed that Nlrp3 …

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