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2021

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Articles 25351 - 25380 of 27884

Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

North American Freshwater Snails As Paleoecologic Proxies In Crystal Lake, Medway, Ohio, Jaclyn R. Manker Jan 2021

North American Freshwater Snails As Paleoecologic Proxies In Crystal Lake, Medway, Ohio, Jaclyn R. Manker

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This study combines various paleoecological proxies found within a sediment core extracted from Crystal Lake, Medway, Ohio in order to assess the lake’s sensitivity to past climate changes and how that may have affected lake water levels. Crystal Lake is a natural kettle lake formed at the end of the Wisconsin glaciation. It is now surrounded by approximately 500 residential homes and is privately owned by the HOA of Crystal Lake. A sediment core was extracted from Crystal Lake in 2007 and has been carbon dated to 18000 years before present, indicating that it contains a complete sedimentary history from …

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Cytoviva Hyperspectral Imaging For Comparing The Uptake And Transformation Of Agnps And Ag+ In Mitochondria, Kristina Steingass Jan 2021

Cytoviva Hyperspectral Imaging For Comparing The Uptake And Transformation Of Agnps And Ag+ In Mitochondria, Kristina Steingass

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Nanomaterials have attracted significant attention in the last decade, with applications in everyday products. Amongst all known nanomaterials in use, silver is the leading metal, present in 531 different types of products, owing to their unique optical, electrical, antimicrobial, and thermal properties. Though silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) come in contact regularly with the general population, there is little known about their toxicity mechanism due to limited techniques for thorough analysis. CytoViva Hyperspectral Imaging (HSI) shows potential for filling these gaps. In this study, borohydride-capped AgNPs with an approximate diameter of 10 nm were synthesized using the modified Creighton method and characterized …

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Computer Modeling Of Solar Thermal System With Underground Storage Tank For Space Heating, Mohammad Yousef Mousa Naser Jan 2021

Computer Modeling Of Solar Thermal System With Underground Storage Tank For Space Heating, Mohammad Yousef Mousa Naser

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Space heating is required in almost every dwelling across the country for different periods of time. The thermal energy needed to meet a heating demand can be supplied using different conventional and/or renewable technologies. Solar energy is one example of a renewable resource that can be used for supplying heating needs. It can be utilized either by using photovoltaic panels to generate electricity, that in turn can be used to operate heaters, or by using solar thermal panels. Solar thermal panels obtain higher operating efficiencies than photovoltaic panels, but solar energy for heating purposes suffers from a mismatch between supply …

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Recommending Collaborations Using Link Prediction, Nikhil Chennupati Jan 2021

Recommending Collaborations Using Link Prediction, Nikhil Chennupati

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Link prediction in the domain of scientific collaborative networks refers to exploring and determining whether a connection between two entities in an academic network may emerge in the future. This study aims to analyze the relevance of academic collaborations and identify the factors that drive co-author relationships in a heterogeneous bibliographic network. Using topological, semantic, and graph representation learning techniques, we measure the authors' similarities w.r.t their structural and publication data to identify the reasons that promote co-authorships. Experimental results show that the proposed approach successfully infer the co-author links by identifying authors with similar research interests. Such a system …

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A Rebellion Framework With Learning For Goal-Driven Autonomy, Zahiduddin Mohammad Jan 2021

A Rebellion Framework With Learning For Goal-Driven Autonomy, Zahiduddin Mohammad

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Modeling an autonomous agent that decides for itself what actions to take to achieve its goals is a central objective of artificial intelligence. There are various approaches used to build autonomous agents including neural networks, state machines, utility functions, learning agents, and cognitive architectures. In this thesis, we focus on cognitive architectures. Our approach uses specific knowledge of the world, the goals they pursue, and the actions being performed. Most agents do what they are told (i.e., achieve the goals given to them by a human), but a genuinely autonomous agent does more. It can formulate its own goal or …

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Effect Of Cloud Cover On Optimum Orientations Of Fixed Solar Panels For Maximum Yearly Energy Collection, Prethew Prasad Jan 2021

Effect Of Cloud Cover On Optimum Orientations Of Fixed Solar Panels For Maximum Yearly Energy Collection, Prethew Prasad

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The amount of cloud cover present in the sky is a significant factor when determining the solar radiation impinging on a solar panel. The optimum tilt required to achieve maximum energy impingement on a surface is also influenced by the amount of cloud cover. This work presents a method for determining the optimum tilt angle for a fixed solar panel when a set amount of cloud cover is present in the sky. Fixed tilt angles that have the most incident solar energy over the course of a year as a function of cloud cover, latitude, and azimuthal angle orientation are …

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Benzotriazole And Tolytriazole Analysis In Select Surface Waters Near Wilmington Air Park, Lee A. Raska Jan 2021

Benzotriazole And Tolytriazole Analysis In Select Surface Waters Near Wilmington Air Park, Lee A. Raska

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Previous investigations into the presence of benzotriazole (BTZ) and corresponding analogs done in early 2019 found elevated levels near the Wilmington Air Park in Wilmington, Ohio. The analogs detected were 4-methyl-1H-benzotriazole and 5-methyl-1H-benzotriazole: known together as tolytriazole (TTZ). BTZ and TTZ are emerging environmental contaminants of concern that are often found in aircraft de-icing solutions, anti-icing solutions and detergents. The Wilmington Air Park has two facilities used to pre-treat runoff water before its subsequent release into surrounding streams. Three sites were chosen: Lytle Creek, Indian Run, and Cowan Creek. For the 2019 and 2019/2020 investigative projects, Cowan Creek was designated …

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Computational Simulation And Analysis Of Neuroplasticity, Madison E. Yancey Jan 2021

Computational Simulation And Analysis Of Neuroplasticity, Madison E. Yancey

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Homeostatic synaptic plasticity is the process by which neurons alter their activity in response to changes in network activity. Neuroscientists attempting to understand homeostatic synaptic plasticity have developed three different mathematical methods to analyze collections of event recordings from neurons acting as a proxy for neuronal activity. These collections of events are from control data and treatment data, referring to the treatment of neuron cultures with pharmacological agents that augment or inhibit network activity. If the distribution of control events can be functionally mapped to the distribution of treatment events, a better understanding of the biological processes underlying homeostatic synaptic …

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Deep Learning For Compressive Sar Imaging With Train-Test Discrepancy, Morgan R. Mccamey Jan 2021

Deep Learning For Compressive Sar Imaging With Train-Test Discrepancy, Morgan R. Mccamey

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We consider the problem of compressive synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging with the goal of reconstructing SAR imagery in the presence of under sampled phase history. While this problem is typically considered in compressive sensing (CS) literature, we consider a variety of deep learning approaches where a deep neural network (DNN) is trained to form SAR imagery from limited data. At the cost of computationally intensive offline training, on-line test-time DNN-SAR has demonstrated orders of magnitude faster reconstruction than standard CS algorithms. A limitation of the DNN approach is that any change to the operating conditions necessitates a costly retraining …

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Content Adaption And Design In Mobile Learning Of Wind Instruments, Neha Priyadarshani Jan 2021

Content Adaption And Design In Mobile Learning Of Wind Instruments, Neha Priyadarshani

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People in today's world seek things that are simple to use. Learning is one of the most crucial aspects of the ongoing digital transformation. Everything is now accessible with a single click on mobile devices, making access to instructional materials faster, easier, and more comfortable. It takes time and effort to build abilities and become an expert in the fields of learning, training, and teaching; and music learning demands a great deal of both practice and mentoring. Initially, music teachers and band directors must maintain a steady attention and devote a significant amount of time to manually teaching materials. This …

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A Deep Understanding Of Structural And Functional Behavior Of Tabular And Graphical Modules In Technical Documents, Michail Alexiou Jan 2021

A Deep Understanding Of Structural And Functional Behavior Of Tabular And Graphical Modules In Technical Documents, Michail Alexiou

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The rapid increase of published research papers in recent years has escalated the need for automated ways to process and understand them. The successful recognition of the information that is contained in technical documents, depends on the understanding of the document’s individual modalities. These modalities include tables, graphics, diagrams and etc. as defined in Bourbakis’ pioneering work. However, the depth of understanding is correlated to the efficiency of detection and recognition. In this work, a novel methodology is proposed for automatic processing of and understanding of tables and graphics images in technical document. Previous attempts on tables and graphics understanding …

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Mathematical Formula Recognition And Automatic Detection And Translation Of Algorithmic Components Into Stochastic Petri Nets In Scientific Documents, Elisavet Elli Kostalia Jan 2021

Mathematical Formula Recognition And Automatic Detection And Translation Of Algorithmic Components Into Stochastic Petri Nets In Scientific Documents, Elisavet Elli Kostalia

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A great percentage of documents in scientific and engineering disciplines include mathematical formulas and/or algorithms. Exploring the mathematical formulas in the technical documents, we focused on the mathematical operations associations, their syntactical correctness, and the association of these components into attributed graphs and Stochastic Petri Nets (SPN). We also introduce a formal language to generate mathematical formulas and evaluate their syntactical correctness. The main contribution of this work focuses on the automatic segmentation of mathematical documents for the parsing and analysis of detected algorithmic components. To achieve this, we present a synergy of methods, such as string parsing according to …

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Complex Interactions Between Multiple Goal Operations In Agent Goal Management, Sravya Kondrakunta Jan 2021

Complex Interactions Between Multiple Goal Operations In Agent Goal Management, Sravya Kondrakunta

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A significant issue in cognitive systems research is to make an agent formulate and manage its own goals. Some cognitive scientists have implemented several goal operations to support this issue, but no one has implemented more than a couple of goal operations within a single agent. One of the reasons for this limitation is the lack of knowledge about how various goals operations interact with one another. This thesis addresses this knowledge gap by implementing multiple-goal operations, including goal formulation, goal change, goal selection, and designing an algorithm to manage any positive or negative interaction between them. These are integrated …

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Leveraging Sequential Nature Of Conversations For Intent Classification, Shree Gotteti Jan 2021

Leveraging Sequential Nature Of Conversations For Intent Classification, Shree Gotteti

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Conversations are more than just a sequence of text, it is where two or more participants interact in order to achieve their goals. Conversation Understanding (CU) requires all participants to understand each others intent. In the past decade, CU has been extended from automated human-human text processing to build automated conversational agents for human-machine interactions. Despite their popularity, these automated conversational agents (like Siri, Alexa, etc) can't handle more than one or two utterances, and they don't recognize conversations as intents. The development of approaches that extract intents behind an utterance is essential for the advancements of Question Answering (QA) …

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Grain-Size And Permeability Of Sediments Within The Hyporheic Zone At The Theis Environmental Monitoring And Modeling Site, Great Miami River And Buried Valley Aquifer, Southwest Ohio, Usa, Timothy Wayne Cornett Jan 2021

Grain-Size And Permeability Of Sediments Within The Hyporheic Zone At The Theis Environmental Monitoring And Modeling Site, Great Miami River And Buried Valley Aquifer, Southwest Ohio, Usa, Timothy Wayne Cornett

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The Theis Environmental Monitoring and Modeling Site is a field research facility, located on the Great Miami River in southwest Ohio, dedicated to the study of hyporheic zone processes. The site is underlain by an aquifer on the order of 21 meters thick, comprised of fluvial deposits. The permeability of the aquifer sediments was quantified both from one large scale hydraulic test (~100 m radial distance) and from grain-size analysis of 119 small-scale core samples (~20 cm length each). The permeability determined from the large-scale hydraulic test is 98.9 Darcies. The test also gave a value for specific yield of …

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Content Adaption And Design In Mobile Learning Of Wind Instruments, Neha Priyadarshani Jan 2021

Content Adaption And Design In Mobile Learning Of Wind Instruments, Neha Priyadarshani

Browse all Theses and Dissertations

People in today's world seek things that are simple to use. Learning is one of the most crucial aspects of the ongoing digital transformation. Everything is now accessible with a single click on mobile devices, making access to instructional materials faster, easier, and more comfortable. It takes time and effort to build abilities and become an expert in the fields of learning, training, and teaching; and music learning demands a great deal of both practice and mentoring. Initially, music teachers and band directors must maintain a steady attention and devote a significant amount of time to manually teaching materials. This …

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Fast And Pervasive Transcriptomic Resilience And Acclimation Of Extremely Heat-Tolerant Coral Holobionts From The Northern Red Sea, Romain Savary, Daniel J. Barshis, Christian R. Voolstra, Anny Cárdenas, Nicolas R. Evensen, Guilhem Banc-Prandi, Maoz Fine, Anders Meiborn Jan 2021

Fast And Pervasive Transcriptomic Resilience And Acclimation Of Extremely Heat-Tolerant Coral Holobionts From The Northern Red Sea, Romain Savary, Daniel J. Barshis, Christian R. Voolstra, Anny Cárdenas, Nicolas R. Evensen, Guilhem Banc-Prandi, Maoz Fine, Anders Meiborn

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Corals from the northern Red Sea and Gulf of Aqaba exhibit extreme thermal tolerance. To examine the underlying gene expression dynamics, we exposed Stylophora pistillata from the Gulf of Aqaba to short-term (hours) and long-term (weeks) heat stress with peak seawater temperatures ranging from their maximum monthly mean of 27 °C (baseline) to 29.5 °C, 32 °C, and 34.5 °C. Corals were sampled at the end of the heat stress as well as after a recovery period at baseline temperature. Changes in coral host and symbiotic algal gene expression were determined via RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq). Shifts in coral microbiome composition were …

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Triple Oxygen Isotope Measurements (Δ'17O) Of Body Water Reflect Water Intake, Metabolism, And Δ18O Of Ingested Water In Passerines, Pablo Sabat, Seth D. Newsome, Stephanie Pinochet, Roberto Nespolo, Juan Carlos Sanchez-Hernandez, Karen Maldonado, Alexander R. Gerson, Zachary D. Sharp, John P. Whiteman Jan 2021

Triple Oxygen Isotope Measurements (Δ'17O) Of Body Water Reflect Water Intake, Metabolism, And Δ18O Of Ingested Water In Passerines, Pablo Sabat, Seth D. Newsome, Stephanie Pinochet, Roberto Nespolo, Juan Carlos Sanchez-Hernandez, Karen Maldonado, Alexander R. Gerson, Zachary D. Sharp, John P. Whiteman

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Understanding physiological traits and ecological conditions that influence a species reliance on metabolic water is critical to creating accurate physiological models that can assess their ability to adapt to environmental perturbations (e.g., drought) that impact water availability. However, relatively few studies have examined variation in the sources of water animals use to maintain water balance, and even fewer have focused on the role of metabolic water. A key reason is methodological limitations. Here, we applied a new method that measures the triple oxygen isotopic composition of a single blood sample to estimate the contribution of metabolic water to the body …

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Dentifying Social Equity Gaps Within The Math Department Of A Community College, John J. Graham Jan 2021

Dentifying Social Equity Gaps Within The Math Department Of A Community College, John J. Graham

Master of Science in Mathematics

Colleges and universities are striving to have their campuses become equitable with students of any socioeconomic class having the capability of being successful. Unfortunately, there are specific classes of students that have noticeably lower success rates in college and, since colleges are a critical link for students to transition from high school to their career fields, this makes their success crucial. Community Colleges render higher education accessible to students at low cost and less prerequisite skills. This leads to higher enrollment of students that are experiencing these gaps in success. Each college must conduct research on the own student body …

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Predicting Student Success And Achievement In Mathematics At Coldwater High School (Ohio), Timothy J. Brunet Jan 2021

Predicting Student Success And Achievement In Mathematics At Coldwater High School (Ohio), Timothy J. Brunet

Master of Science in Mathematics

This research study was conducted at Coldwater High School in Coldwater, Ohio with the intention of exploring student success and achievement in mathematics. Being a mathematics teacher at the high school, the author of this thesis was motivated to learn how to encourage further student success in the mathematics classroom and what could be done to implement strategies to promote even more success. Data were collected from nearly all of the senior and junior students, including a survey on student attitudes towards mathematics, to analyze and better understand the goals of this study. Some of the collected data would include …

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Supporting Data - Recycling Of Nitrate And Organic Matter By Plants In The Vadose Zone Of A Saturated Riparian Buffer, Patience Bosompemaa, Eric Wade Peterson, William Perry, Wondwosen M. Seyoum Jan 2021

Supporting Data - Recycling Of Nitrate And Organic Matter By Plants In The Vadose Zone Of A Saturated Riparian Buffer, Patience Bosompemaa, Eric Wade Peterson, William Perry, Wondwosen M. Seyoum

Faculty Publications-- Geography, Geology, and the Environment

Data from the analysis of nitrate as nitrogen in the soil and soil pore water within the vadose zone of a saturated riparian buffer (SRB). Additional properties measured include: Organic matter (as %), bulk density, moisture content, and porosity. Soil samples were collected pre-growing season (n=57) and post-growing season from two plots (n=29): vegetated plots and barren plots. Statistical comparison of among the treatments, Pre-growing season, plot with plants, and barren plot, and among the different depths, 30 cm, 60 cm, and 90 cm identified significantly different soil NO3--N concentrations. Plots with plants experienced a reduction in …

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Examining The Auroral Ionosphere In Three Dimensions Using Reconstructed 2d Maps Of Auroral Data To Drive The 3d Gemini Model, Robert Clayton, Meghan Burleigh, Kristina A. Lynch, Matt Zettergren, Tucker Evans, Guy Grubbs, Donald L. Hampton, David Hysell, Stephen Kaeppler, Marc Lessard, Robert Mitchell, Ashton Reimer, T. Maximillian Roberts, Marilia Samara, Roger Varney Jan 2021

Examining The Auroral Ionosphere In Three Dimensions Using Reconstructed 2d Maps Of Auroral Data To Drive The 3d Gemini Model, Robert Clayton, Meghan Burleigh, Kristina A. Lynch, Matt Zettergren, Tucker Evans, Guy Grubbs, Donald L. Hampton, David Hysell, Stephen Kaeppler, Marc Lessard, Robert Mitchell, Ashton Reimer, T. Maximillian Roberts, Marilia Samara, Roger Varney

Dartmouth Scholarship

We use the Geospace Environment Model of Ion-Neutral Interactions (GEMINI) to create three-dimensional, time-dependent simulations of auroral ionospheric parameters in the localized, several 100 km region surrounding auroral arcs observed during a winter 2017 sounding rocket campaign, resolving three-dimensional features of fine-scale (km) flow structures in the vicinity of an auroral arc. The three-dimensional calculations of GEMINI allow (with sufficient driving data) auroral current closure to be investigated without idealizing assumptions of sheet-like structures or height integrated ionospheres. Datamaps for two nearly sheet-like arcs are reconstructed from replications of the Isinglass sounding rocket campaign data, and combined with camera-based particle …

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Cybersecurity Analysis Of Load Frequency Control In Power Systems: A Survey, Sahaj Saxena, Sajal Bhatia, Rahul Gupta Jan 2021

Cybersecurity Analysis Of Load Frequency Control In Power Systems: A Survey, Sahaj Saxena, Sajal Bhatia, Rahul Gupta

School of Computer Science & Engineering Faculty Publications

Today, power systems have transformed considerably and taken a new shape of geographically distributed systems from the locally centralized systems thereby leading to a new infrastructure in the framework of networked control cyber-physical system (CPS). Among the different important operations to be performed for smooth generation, transmission, and distribution of power, maintaining the scheduled frequency, against any perturbations, is an important one. The load frequency control (LFC) operation actually governs this frequency regulation activity after the primary control. Due to CPS nature, the LFC operation is vulnerable to attacks, both from physical and cyber standpoints. The cyber-attack strategies ranges from …

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Design, Synthesis, And Anticancer Properties Of Ru(Ii) Complexes With Organometallic, “Expanded” Bipyridine, And O,O’-Chelating Ligands, Raphael Ryan Jan 2021

Design, Synthesis, And Anticancer Properties Of Ru(Ii) Complexes With Organometallic, “Expanded” Bipyridine, And O,O’-Chelating Ligands, Raphael Ryan

Theses and Dissertations--Chemistry

Cancer is a worldwide public health crisis that requires new and improved drugs to be developed to extend survival rates and improve quality of life for the patient. Platinum-based drugs are used in approximately 50% of cancer treatment regimens. These drugs are highly effective in many kinds of cancer; however, cancers can develop platinum resistance and these drugs have troubling side effects that reduced their use and efficacy. To overcome these disadvantages, many other metals have been studied for their anticancer properties. Notably, the anticancer properties of ruthenium-based agents have drawn considerable attention with multiple ruthenium complexes entering clinical trials. …

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How A Simple Question About Freshwater Inflow To Estuaries Shaped A Career, Paul A. Montagna Jan 2021

How A Simple Question About Freshwater Inflow To Estuaries Shaped A Career, Paul A. Montagna

Gulf and Caribbean Research

Chance and good luck led to a career studying how freshwater inflow drives estuary processes. In 1986, someone asked me: How much fresh water has to flow to a bay for it to be healthy? The question shaped my career. There is probably no better place on Earth to compare effects caused by inflow differences than the Texas coast, because the major estuarine systems lie in a climatic gradient where runoff decreases 56—fold from the Louisiana border in the northeast to the Mexico border in the southwest. This estuary—comparison experiment was used to study inflow effects. The science evolved from …

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A Customizable Speech Practice Application For People Who Stutter, Eric Grimm, Nikola Vuckovic Jan 2021

A Customizable Speech Practice Application For People Who Stutter, Eric Grimm, Nikola Vuckovic

Honors Program Theses

Stuttering is a speech impediment that often requires speech therapy to curb the symptoms. In speech therapy, people who stutter (PWS) learn techniques that they can use to improve their fluency. PWS often practice their techniques extensively in order to maintain fluent speech. Many listen to audio recordings to practice where a single word or sentence is played on the recording and then there is a pause, giving the user a chance to say the word(s) to practice. This style of practice is not customizable and is repetitive since the contents do not change. Thus, we have developed an application …

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Using Semialgebraic Parametric Analysis By Metaprogramming In Portfolio Optimization, Philip Blaine Meersman Jan 2021

Using Semialgebraic Parametric Analysis By Metaprogramming In Portfolio Optimization, Philip Blaine Meersman

Lewis Honors College Capstone Collection

One classic problem in quantitative finance is portfolio optimization, which consists of assigning weights to assets in a portfolio to maximize one’s expected return while keeping the level of risk at a desired level. This problem can be modeled as a linear program (LP), using a risk aversion parameter mu. For a given single value of mu, the LP can be solved using any standard LP solver. In this work, however, the problem is considered parametrically: the optimal solution is sought for every possible value of mu. This describes how weights to the portfolio assets would be assigned from the …

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Down In Arms: Marine Climate Stress Inhibits Growth And Calcification Of Regenerating Asterias Forbesi (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) Arms, Hannah L. Randazzo Jan 2021

Down In Arms: Marine Climate Stress Inhibits Growth And Calcification Of Regenerating Asterias Forbesi (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) Arms, Hannah L. Randazzo

Honors Projects

Anthropogenic CO2 is changing the pCO2, temperature, and carbonate chemistry of seawater. These processes are termed ocean acidification (OA) and ocean warming. Previous studies suggest two opposing hypotheses for the way in which marine climate stress will influence echinoderm calcification, metabolic efficiency, and reproduction: either an additive or synergistic effect. Sea stars have a regenerative capacity, which may be particularly affected while rebuilding calcium carbonate arm structures, leading to changes in arm growth and calcification. In this study, Asterias forbesi were exposed to ocean water of either ambient, high temperature, high pCO2, or high temperature …

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Solvent Effect On Excited State Proton Transfer Mechanism Of 8-Amino-2-Naphthol, Gabrielle Vandendries Jan 2021

Solvent Effect On Excited State Proton Transfer Mechanism Of 8-Amino-2-Naphthol, Gabrielle Vandendries

Honors Projects

Photoacids, compounds that undergo excited state proton transfer (ESPT), have been utilized in different solar energy and lithographic applications.1, 2 The addition of functional groups and solvent can both change the ESPT mechanism of photoacids. In this study, the effect of solvent on the ESPT mechanism was explored using a model diprotic photoacid, 8-amino-2-naphthol (8N2OH). The photochemistry of 8N2OH in water and common nonaqueous solvents, acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran (THF), and methanol, were studied using UV/Vis absorption, steady-state emission, and time-correlated single photon counting (TCPSC) emission spectroscopy. The results were analyzed using the Kamlet-Taft parameters. It was found that the ESPT mechanism …

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Improving Energy Efficiency Through Compiler Optimizations, Jack Beckitt-Marshall Jan 2021

Improving Energy Efficiency Through Compiler Optimizations, Jack Beckitt-Marshall

Honors Projects

Abstract--- Energy efficiency is becoming increasingly important for computation, especially in the context of the current climate crisis. The aim of this experiment was to see if the compiler could reduce energy usage without rewriting programs themselves. The experimental setup consisted of compiling programs using the Clang compiler using a set of compiler flags, and then measuring energy usage and execution time on an AMD Ryzen processor. Three experiments were performed: a random exploration of compiler flags, utilization of SIMD, as well as benchmarking real world applications. It was found that the compiler was able to reduce execution time, especially …

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