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Articles 21301 - 21330 of 24573

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Water Law In New South Wales, Australia: An Analysis Of The Water Management Act, 2000 [Abstract], Carla Mooney Jun 2002

Water Law In New South Wales, Australia: An Analysis Of The Water Management Act, 2000 [Abstract], Carla Mooney

Allocating and Managing Water for a Sustainable Future: Lessons from Around the World (Summer Conference, June 11-14)

2 pages.

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Water In Cuba’S System Of Environmental Policies And Laws [Abstract], Fernando Pérez Monteagudo Jun 2002

Water In Cuba’S System Of Environmental Policies And Laws [Abstract], Fernando Pérez Monteagudo

Allocating and Managing Water for a Sustainable Future: Lessons from Around the World (Summer Conference, June 11-14)

2 pages.

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Ec Water Legislation And European Agreements On Transboundary Watercourses [Abstract], Tuire Taina Jun 2002

Ec Water Legislation And European Agreements On Transboundary Watercourses [Abstract], Tuire Taina

Allocating and Managing Water for a Sustainable Future: Lessons from Around the World (Summer Conference, June 11-14)

2 pages.

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Ecotones: The Heartbeat Of Huxley, 2002, Spring, Issue 08, Tennyson Ketcham, Laurel Eddy, Huxley College Of The Environment, Western Washington University Jun 2002

Ecotones: The Heartbeat Of Huxley, 2002, Spring, Issue 08, Tennyson Ketcham, Laurel Eddy, Huxley College Of The Environment, Western Washington University

Historical Collection of Huxley Newsletters

No abstract provided.

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Discussion Paper : The Translocation Of Brown Trout (Salmo Trutta) And Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) Into And Within Western Australia., Western Australian Fisheries Jun 2002

Discussion Paper : The Translocation Of Brown Trout (Salmo Trutta) And Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) Into And Within Western Australia., Western Australian Fisheries

Fisheries management papers

This discussion paper has been prepared to assist in the assessment of the possible impact of the translocation of brown trout (Salmo trutta) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), into and within Western Australia, for the purposes of recreational stock enhancement in public waters, non-commercial aquaculture on private properties and commercial aquaculture. In assessing the translocation of any aquatic species, economic and social benefits must be balanced with biological and environmental risks.

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Pat's Prologues: Introductions To The First Two Airings Of Math Medley, A Radio Talk Show, Patricia Clark Kenschaft Jun 2002

Pat's Prologues: Introductions To The First Two Airings Of Math Medley, A Radio Talk Show, Patricia Clark Kenschaft

Humanistic Mathematics Network Journal

No abstract provided.

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Book Review: The Teaching Gap By James W. Stigler And James Hiebert, Michael L. Brown Jun 2002

Book Review: The Teaching Gap By James W. Stigler And James Hiebert, Michael L. Brown

Humanistic Mathematics Network Journal

No abstract provided.

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Streptococcus Pyogenes Prtfii, But Not Sfbi, Sfbii Or Fbp54, Is Represented More Frequently Among Invasive-Disease Isolates Of Tropical Australia, A. Delvecchio, B. J. Currie, Jason D. Mcarthur, Mark J. Walker, K. S. Sriprakash Jun 2002

Streptococcus Pyogenes Prtfii, But Not Sfbi, Sfbii Or Fbp54, Is Represented More Frequently Among Invasive-Disease Isolates Of Tropical Australia, A. Delvecchio, B. J. Currie, Jason D. Mcarthur, Mark J. Walker, K. S. Sriprakash

Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)

Streptococcus pyogenes (group A streptococcus) strains may express several distinct ®bronectinbinding proteins (FBPs) which are considered as major streptococcal adhesins. Of the FBPs, SfbI was shown in Šitro to promote internalization of the bacterium into host cells and has been implicated in persistence. In the tropical Northern Territory, where group A streptococcal infection is common, multiple genotypes of the organism were found among isolates from invasive disease cases and no dominant strains were observed. To determine whether any FBPs is associated with invasive disease propensity of S. pyogenes, we have screened streptococcal isolates from bacteraemic and necrotizing fasciitis patients and …

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Semi-Automatic Content Extraction From Specifications, Krishnaprasad Thirunarayan, Aaron Berkovich, Dan Z. Sokol Jun 2002

Semi-Automatic Content Extraction From Specifications, Krishnaprasad Thirunarayan, Aaron Berkovich, Dan Z. Sokol

Kno.e.sis Publications

Specifications are critical to companies involved in complex manufacturing. The constant reading, reviewing, and analysis of materials and process specifications is extremely labor-intensive, quality impacting, and time-consuming. A conceptual design for a tool that provides computer-assistance in the interpretation of specification requirements has been created and a strategy for semantic-markup, which is the overlaying of abstract syntax (“the essence”) on the text, has been developed. The solution is based on the techniques for Information Extraction and the XML technology, and it captures the specification content within a semantic ontology. The working prototype of the tool being built will serve as …

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Roundtable Series On Innovative Approaches To Land Conservation And Smart Growth, New England Environmental Finance Center Jun 2002

Roundtable Series On Innovative Approaches To Land Conservation And Smart Growth, New England Environmental Finance Center

Smart Growth

A series of six roundtable discussions was conducted by the New England Environmental Finance Center (NE/EFC) from January through May 2002, one in each New England state. The objectives of the series were to consolidate expertise in financing and coordinating projects that combine conservation and development on the landscape, and to identify key areas of unmet need that could be addressed by the NE/EFC. Each discussion entailed several case study presentations and facilitated discussion about what works, what doesn’t work, and what might work in financing and coordinating efforts that combine conservation and development. Key areas of opportunity that emerged …

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Statistical Properties Of Composite Distortions In Hfc Systems And Their Effects On Digital Channels, Ron D. Katznelson May 2002

Statistical Properties Of Composite Distortions In Hfc Systems And Their Effects On Digital Channels, Ron D. Katznelson

Ron D. Katznelson

The statistical properties of Composite Triple Beat (CTB) and Composite Second Order (CSO) distortion terms associated with the analog channels carried on Hybrid Fiber Coax (HFC) are presented. Both simulation and measurement results show that such distortion components falling on individual channels have amplitude Probability Density Function that is nearly Rayleigh distributed (having a Standard Deviation of 5.7 dB). It is shown that both CTB and CSO components have peak envelope power fluctuations that exceed their average (measured) power levels by more than 15 dB. The temporal statistical properties of these distortion components demonstrate peak envelope power fluctuations with characteristic …

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Towards Peer-To-Peer Semantic Web: A Distributed Environment For Sharing Semantic Knowledge On The Web, Madhan Arumugam, Amit P. Sheth, I. Budak Arpinar May 2002

Towards Peer-To-Peer Semantic Web: A Distributed Environment For Sharing Semantic Knowledge On The Web, Madhan Arumugam, Amit P. Sheth, I. Budak Arpinar

Kno.e.sis Publications

The real value of Semantic Web vision can be demonstrated if people and applications can create and discover new and interesting knowledge and share this knowledge in a transparent manner similar to the way data is exchanged today. Therefore, we believe that Semantic Web will consist of a distributed environment of shared and interoperable ontologies, which have emerged as common formalisms for knowledge representation. The users will need to discover new ontologies, which are not known to them before and use them to either annotate the content or to formulate their information requests. This requires an environment that supports creating, …

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Ecotones: The Heartbeat Of Huxley, 2002, Spring, Issue 04, Tennyson Ketcham, Laurel Eddy, Huxley College Of The Environment, Western Washington University May 2002

Ecotones: The Heartbeat Of Huxley, 2002, Spring, Issue 04, Tennyson Ketcham, Laurel Eddy, Huxley College Of The Environment, Western Washington University

Historical Collection of Huxley Newsletters

No abstract provided.

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Shifting Goals And Mounting Challenges For Statistical Methodology, Pranab K. Sen May 2002

Shifting Goals And Mounting Challenges For Statistical Methodology, Pranab K. Sen

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

Modern interdisciplinary research in statistical science encompasses a wide field: agriculture, biology, biomedical sciences along with bioinformatics, clinical sciences, education, environmental and public health disciplines, genomic science, industry, molecular genetics, socio-behavior, socio-economics, toxicology, and a variety of other disciplines. Statistical science has historically had mathematical perspectives dominating theoretical and methodological developments. Yet, the advent of modern information technology has opened the doors for highly computation intensive statistical tools (i.e., software), wherein mathematical aspects are often de-emphasized. Knowledge discovery and data mining (KDDM) is now becoming a dominating force, with bioinformatics as a notable example. In view of this apparent discordance …

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Combining Two Nonparametric Tests Of Location, R. Clifford Blair May 2002

Combining Two Nonparametric Tests Of Location, R. Clifford Blair

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

A distribution-free test is proposed whose power is similar to that of the Wilcoxon Rank-Sum or Terry-Hoeffding Normal Scores tests depending on which of these two tests is more powerful in a given data analysis situation, regardless of the population. This new statistic is distribution-free, and adds no new assumptions to those associated with the constituent tests. A table of critical values for the new statistic is given and some of its Type I error and power properties are examined.

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Power Analyses When Comparing Trimmed Means, Rand R. Wilcox, H. J. Keselman May 2002

Power Analyses When Comparing Trimmed Means, Rand R. Wilcox, H. J. Keselman

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

Given a random sample from each of two independent groups, this article takes up the problem of estimating power, as well as a power curve, when comparing 20% trimmed means with a percentile bootstrap method. Many methods were considered, but only one was found to be satisfactory in terms of obtaining both a point estimate of power as well as a (one-sided) confidence interval. The method is illustrated with data from a reading study where theory suggests two groups should differ but nonsignificant results were obtained.

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Some Locally Most Powerful Rank Tests For Correlation, W. J. Conover May 2002

Some Locally Most Powerful Rank Tests For Correlation, W. J. Conover

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

Four examples are given to illustrate the ease and practicality of the procedure for finding locally most powerful rank tests for correlation. The first two examples deal with bivariate exponential models. The third example uses the bivariate normal distribution, and the fourth example analyzes the Morgenstem’s general correlation model.

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Exact Level And Power Of Permutation, Bootstrap, And Asymptotic Tests Of Trend, Christopher D. Corcoran, Cyrus R. Mehta May 2002

Exact Level And Power Of Permutation, Bootstrap, And Asymptotic Tests Of Trend, Christopher D. Corcoran, Cyrus R. Mehta

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

We develop computational tools that can evaluate the exact size and power of three tests of trend (e.g., permutation, bootstrap and asymptotic) without resorting to large-sample theory or simulations. We then use these tools to compare the operating characteristics of the three tests. It is seen that the bootstrap test is ultra-conservative relative to the other two tests and as a result suffers from a severe deterioration in power. The power of the asymptotic test is uniformly larger than that of the other two tests, but it fails to preserve the Type I error for most of the range of …

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An Adaptive Inference Strategy: The Case Of Auditory Data, Bruno D. Zumbo May 2002

An Adaptive Inference Strategy: The Case Of Auditory Data, Bruno D. Zumbo

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

By way of an example some of the basic features in the derivation and use of adaptive inferential methods are demonstrated. The focus of this paper is dyadic (coupled) data in auditory and perceptual research. We present: (a) why one should not use the conventional methods, (b) a derivation of an adaptive method, and (c) how the new adaptive method works with the example data. In the concluding remarks we draw attention to the work of Professor George Barnard who provided the adaptive inference strategy in the context of the Behrens-Fisher problem -- testing the equality of means when one …

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Hotelling's T2 Vs. The Rank Transform With Real Likert Data, Michael J. Nanna May 2002

Hotelling's T2 Vs. The Rank Transform With Real Likert Data, Michael J. Nanna

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

Monte Carlo research has demonstrated that there are many applications of the rank transformation that result in an invalid procedure. Examples include the two dependent samples, the factorial analysis of variance, and the factorial analysis of covariance layouts. However, the rank transformation has been shown to be a valid and powerful test in the two independent samples layout. This study demonstrates that the rank transformation is also a robust and powerful alternative to the Hotellings T2 test when the data are on a Likert scale.

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Six Modifications Of The Aligned Rank Transform Test For Interaction, Kathleen Peterson May 2002

Six Modifications Of The Aligned Rank Transform Test For Interaction, Kathleen Peterson

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

Testing for interactions in multivariate experiments is an important function. Studies indicate that much data from social studies research is not normally distributed, thus violating that assumption of the AN OVA procedure. The aligned rank transformation test (ART), aligning using the means of columns and rows, has been found, in limited situations, to be robust to Type I error rates and to have greater power than the ANOVA. This study explored a variety of alignments, including the median, Winsorized trimmed means (10%) and (20%), the Huber1.28 M-estimator, and the Harrell-Davis estimator of the median. Results are reported for Type …

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Applying Spatial Randomness To Community Inclusion, Michael Wolf-Branigin May 2002

Applying Spatial Randomness To Community Inclusion, Michael Wolf-Branigin

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

A spatial analytic methodology incorporating true locations is demonstrated using Monte Carlo simulations as a complement to current psychometric and quality of life indices for measuring community inclusion. Moran's I, a measure of spatial autocorrelation, is used to determine spatial dependencies in housing patterns for multiple variables, including family/friends involvement in future planning, home size, and earned income. Simulations revealed no significant spatial autocorrelation, which is a socially desirable result for housing locations for people with disabilities. Assessing the absence of clustering provides a promising methodology for measuring community inclusion.

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Parametric Analyses In Randomized Clinical Trials, Vance W. Berger, Clifford E. Lunneborg, Michael D. Ernst, Jonathan G. Levine May 2002

Parametric Analyses In Randomized Clinical Trials, Vance W. Berger, Clifford E. Lunneborg, Michael D. Ernst, Jonathan G. Levine

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

One salient feature of randomized clinical trials is that patients are randomly allocated to treatment groups, but not randomly sampled from any target population. Without random sampling parametric analyses are inexact, yet they are still often used in clinical trials. Given the availability of an exact test, it would still be conceivable to argue convincingly that for technical reasons (upon which we elaborate) a parametric test might be preferable in some situations. Having acknowledged this possibility, we point out that such an argument cannot be convincing without supporting facts concerning the specifics of the problem at hand. Moreover, we have …

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Two Methods To Estimate Homogenous Markov Processes, Ricardo Ocaña-Rilola May 2002

Two Methods To Estimate Homogenous Markov Processes, Ricardo Ocaña-Rilola

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

Multi-state Markov processes have been introduced recently in Health Sciences in order to study disease history events. This sort of model have some advantages respect to traditional survival analysis, therefore they are an important line of research into stochastic processes applied to Epidemiology. However these types of models increase the complexity of analysis, even for simpler processes, and standard software is limited. In this paper, two methods for fitting homogeneous Markov models are proposed and compared.

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An Error In Statistical Logic In The Application Of Genetic Paternity Testing, Ernest P. Chiodo, Joseph L. Musial, J. Sia Robinson May 2002

An Error In Statistical Logic In The Application Of Genetic Paternity Testing, Ernest P. Chiodo, Joseph L. Musial, J. Sia Robinson

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

A Bayes probability computer program was written in Fortran to examine issues related to genetic paternity testing. An application was given to demonstrate the effects improper assumptions of prior probability of culpability. The seriousness of such errors include the potential of assigning paternity to wrongly accused men, or wrongly refuting paternity.

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The Trouble With Trivials (P > .05), Shlomo S. Sawilowsky, Jina S. Yoon May 2002

The Trouble With Trivials (P > .05), Shlomo S. Sawilowsky, Jina S. Yoon

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

Trivials are effect sizes associated with statistically non-significant results. Trivials are like Tribbles in the Star Trek television show. They are cute and loveable. They proliferate without limit. They probably growl at Bayesians. But they are troublesome. This brief report discusses the trouble with trivials.

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Using The T Test With Uncommon Sample Sizes, Shlomo S. Sawilowsky, Barry S. Markman May 2002

Using The T Test With Uncommon Sample Sizes, Shlomo S. Sawilowsky, Barry S. Markman

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

Monte Carlo techniques were used to determine the effect of using common critical values as an approximation for uncommon sample sizes. Results indicate there can be a significant loss in statistical power. Therefore, even though many instructors now rely on computer statistics packages, the recommendation is made to provide more specificity (i.e., values between 30 and 60) in tables of critical values published in textbooks.

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Quantifying Bimodality Part I: An Easily Implemented Method Using Spss, B. W. Frankland, Bruno D. Zumbo May 2002

Quantifying Bimodality Part I: An Easily Implemented Method Using Spss, B. W. Frankland, Bruno D. Zumbo

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

Scientists in a variety of fields are faced with the question of whether or not a particular sample of data are best described as unimodal or bimodal. We provide a simple and convenient method for assessing bimodality. The use of the non-linear algorithms in SPSS for modeling complex mixture distributions is demonstrated on a unimodal normal distribution (with 2 free parameters) and on bimodal mixture of two normal distributions (with 5 free parameters).

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Alternatives To SW In The Bracketed Interval Of The Trimmed Mean, Jennifer Bunner, Shlomo S. Sawilowsky May 2002

Alternatives To SW In The Bracketed Interval Of The Trimmed Mean, Jennifer Bunner, Shlomo S. Sawilowsky

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

The aim of this Monte Carlo study is to examine alternatives to estimated variability in building bracketed intervals about the trimmed mean.

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Generation Of Combinations Using Excel, Constantine Stamatopoulos May 2002

Generation Of Combinations Using Excel, Constantine Stamatopoulos

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

Theoretical development of combinations via enumeration methods are considered. An Excel macro is provided.

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