Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Vision Paper: Advancing Of Ai Explainability For The Use Of Chatgpt In Government Agencies: Proposal Of A 4-Step Framework, Hui Shan Lee, Shankararaman, Venky, Eng Lieh Ouh

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

This paper explores ChatGPT’s potential in aiding government agencies, drawing from a case study based on a government agency in Singapore. While ChatGPT’s text generation abilities offer promise, it brings inherent challenges, including data opacity, potential misinformation, and occasional errors. These issues are especially critical in government decision-making.Public administration’s core values of transparency and accountability magnify these concerns. Ensuring AI alignment with these principles is imperative, given the potential repercussions on policy outcomes and citizen trust.AI explainability plays a central role in ChatGPT’s adoption within government agencies. To address these concerns, we propose strategies like prompt engineering, data governance, and …

Kebijakan Keimigrasian Indonesia: Pandemi, Infrastruktur, Dan Kontrol Perbatasan, Anggadika Kriswibowo, Bong Bong Prakoso Napitupulu, Putri Mushfiya, Pekik Aulia Rochman, Ruly Mailan

Jurnal Kajian Stratejik Ketahanan Nasional

The COVID-19 pandemic has posed significant challenges to immigration policies in Indonesia. The government has implemented various measures, such as a temporary ban on the entry of foreigners and tightened border control, to prevent the spread of the virus. However, the implementation of these policies faces several obstacles, including inadequate infrastructure and overlapping authorities. Therefore, this research aims to examine the post-pandemic implementation of immigration policies, focusing on the role of migration infrastructure and the effectiveness of border control. The research findings indicate that both physical and information technology infrastructure play a central role in supporting policy implementation. On the …

Kejahatan Perdagangan Manusia Di Indonesia Dan Jepang: Studi Perbandingan Regulasi Dan Pelaksanaan, Wilman Jayawardhana, Atika Ariani S, Ika Arini Batubara

Jurnal Kajian Stratejik Ketahanan Nasional

Pemberantasan perdagangan manusia merupakan prioritas kebijakan sosial dan pencegahan kejahatan yang telah ditetapkan banyak negara pada abad kedua puluh satu. Perdagangan manusia, sebagaimana didefinisikan dalam hukum internasional, dapat terjadi untuk berbagai tujuan eksploitatif. Namun, berbagai bentuk perdagangan manusia sering kali digabungkan dalam banyak penelitian, kebijakan, dan intervensi. Sebagian besar perhatian kasus perdagangan manusia saat ini tertuju pada perdagangan seks terhadap anak dan perempuan, sehingga korban laki-laki dan jenis perdagangan manusia lainnya relatif terabaikan. Dalam studi ini akan dibandingkan perbedaan regulasi dan pelaksanaan terhadap kasus perdagangan manusia di Indonesia dan Jepang dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif berupa riset pustaka. Hasil penelitian menemukan …

Potensi Ancaman Penggunaan Osint Menyebabkan Kegagalan Pengambilan Keputusan Akibat Informasi Hoax, Surya Dwi Putra, Bhernedetha Nindya Kusumastuti, Nasrul Ma'arif

Jurnal Kajian Stratejik Ketahanan Nasional

Penggunaan Open Source Intelligence (OSINT) merupakan katalisator di bidang intelijen. Meskipun OSINT memberikan akses informasi publik yang tiada tandingannya. Risiko terhadap privasi individu karena sifat terbuka informasi di OSINT yaitu potensi pengumpulan dan penyimpanan data pribadi secara massal dapat menimbulkan risiko serius terhadap keamanan privasi. Selain itu, gangguan dan keinginan akan informasi yang diambil dari sumber terbuka dapat dipasarkan, sehingga membuka peluang penyebaran informasi palsu atau manipulasi data. Ancaman terhadap keamanan nasional juga menjadi sorotan utama, dimana informasi yang diperoleh melalui OSINT dapat dieksploitasi oleh pihak yang tidak bertanggung jawab untuk tujuan kriminal atau teroris. Ketergantungan pada informasi terbuka juga …

Analisis Risiko Keamanan Siber Dalam Transformasi Digital Pelayanan Publik Di Indonesia, Muhammad Alfi, Ni Putu Yundari, Ahnaf Tsaqif

Jurnal Kajian Stratejik Ketahanan Nasional

The Industrial Revolution 4.0 has now brought many changes in its development where public services are increasingly integrated with information technology. In responding to global developments, the Indonesian government is carrying out an adaptation process by transforming public services in order to improve the quality and equality of public services.. However, cyber security risks are a serious challenge that can hinder sustainability and success in transformation. Through a comprehensive literature review, this research describes the development of digital transformation in Indonesia, applicable cybersecurity policies and regulations, as well as relevant risk analysis methodologies. The research findings show that strong policies …

Operasi Militer Selain Perang Dalam Rangka Penanggulangan Bencana Alam Di Indonesia: Peluang, Tantangan, Dan Studi Komparasi, Fatimah Fatimah, Isro' Kurniawan Rahakbauw, Ruben Hisar Eriyono

Jurnal Kajian Stratejik Ketahanan Nasional

Indonesia is a country that is prone to natural disasters in terms of geography and topography. In 2008, the National Disaster Management Agency (BNPB) was formed which functions to coordinate disaster management in Indonesia. BNPB partners with various institutions in Indonesia, one of which is the Indonesian National Armed Forces (TNI). Overcoming disasters is one of the main tasks of the TNI in Military Operations Other Than War (OMSP). This research is quantitative in nature with a literature study to look at opportunities, challenges and comparative studies of OMSP activities in managing natural disasters. In the context of natural disaster …

Making Data Meaningful: Stakeholder Perceptions On Data Visualization And Data Management Practices Within A Multi-Tiered System Of Supports (Mtss), Domenick Saia

Dissertations

Data-driven decision-making and collaboration are core pillars of a multi-tiered system of supports (MTSS); however, timely and accessible data use, as well as data literacy and visualization literacy skills, are challenges school leaders and educators face related to implementing such frameworks. I hypothesized efficient data management systems and data visualization tools enable school teams to predict student learning outcomes, readily communicate, and better understand student data. The purpose of this study design was to highlight a need for more efficient data structures that allow school stakeholders to balance their roles within an MTSS framework more effectively. The context of this …

Respectful Workplace Policy To Conceive A Security Consciousness And Gender Equality As An Implementation Of Akhlak Core Values In State-Owned Enterprises Environment, Endang Susilowati, Erwin Susanto Sadirsan

Journal of Terrorism Studies

A safe work environment, mutual respect, freedom from discrimination, harassment, violence, gender inequality, discrimination of women is highly coveted in the Indonesian work environment. In State-Owned Enterprises there are still issues of harassment, gender inequality, violence, and women's opportunities to become leaders in the workplace. In 2021, the number of women leaders in workplace is still below 10%. The Ministry of State-Owned Enterprises is aiming to increase the representation of women in the Board of Commissions or Executives, and one level below the Board of Executives by 25% in 2023.

The purpose of this research is to analyse women's issues …

Ideological Parameters For Deradicalization Programs To Measure Changes In Terrorist Ideology In Indonesia, Yudi Zulfahri, Aldi Nur Fadil Auliya

Journal of Terrorism Studies

The paper analyzes the inefficiency of the Deradicalization strategy implemented by The National Counter Terrorism Agency (BNPT), causing the issue of recidivist terrorism in Indonesia. Although the occurrence of recidivism is common in various crimes, it poses unique challenges in terrorism cases, given that the government has allocated a specific budget and established a special agency, BNPT, to tackle terrorism-related issues. The high recidivism rate in terrorism cases has prompted public concern and criticism regarding the effectiveness of Deradicalization programs. Despite the ongoing debate, this paper argues that the success or failure of Deradicalization programs cannot be measured simply by …

A Comparison Between A Terrorist Leader And A Lone-Wolf Operative In Bangladesh, Fatema Islam

Journal of Terrorism Studies

The article compares the biography and terrorist portrait of two terrorists of Bangladesh: Mufti Abdul Hannan, a pioneer leader of the prominent terrorist organization Huji-B, and a lone wolf operative named Faizul Hasan. The study reveals the existence of the multifaceted dynamics of the leader (Mufti) and lone wolf (Faizul) encompassing organizational affiliation, operational independence, radicalization processes, motivations, objectives, and the scale of their operations. The study also finds that the pattern of operation of a terrorist leader (Mufti) and the lone wolf terrorist (Faizul) differed significantly in terms of planning, execution, and level of organizational support. While the terrorist …

Power Projection And Counter-Terrorism: Strategies For Small States Like Brunei Darussalam, Brice Tseen Fu Lee, Gulshan Bibi Ms

Journal of Terrorism Studies

This study delves into the intricacies of power projection strategies and counter-terrorism measures, emphasizing their relevance to small states, with a specific focus on Brunei Darussalam. Using a dual matrix model, the research categorizes various strategies based on risk-reward parameters, offering a structured insight into potential approaches these states can employ against potential aggressors. The counter-terrorism matrix is the initial focal point, recognizing the contemporary significance of terror threats and their unique challenges for small nations. Subsequently, the power projection matrix offers a broader view of defense tactics beyond counter-terrorism. By synthesizing information from primary academic sources, the study aims …

Contra Radicalism Through The Interpreting Verse Of Jihad (Case Study On Nu Online Platform), Kholifah Rahmawati, Heriyanto Heriyanto

Journal of Terrorism Studies

This research attempts to map counter-radicalism in religious-based efforts carried out by a religious organization through digital platforms. With a virtual ethnographic model that focuses on text analysis, it is known that NU Online has carried out counter-radicalism through a religious interpretation approach. By targeting jihad verses, counter-radicalism is done in three ways, namely, deconstruction of the meaning of jihad, reconstruction of the meaning of jihad, and counter-narrative of jihad verses with peace verses. Apart from that, NU Online is also increasing its influence in the digital space by strengthening its narrative and identity as a moderate group with national …

Editorial, Teresa R. Behrens

The Foundation Review

No abstract provided.

Widening The Aperture: A Case Study Of Widening The Definition Of Evidence For Strategy, Jennifer James, Sandra Hilliard

The Foundation Review

The need to “widen the aperture” to consider different types and sources of evidence is paramount to sharpening grantmaking strategies that are in service of those we seek to serve. This article describes an underlying process of identifying and applying equity considerations in the evidence considered for strategy development in the context of a large, national foundation.

The aim was to develop a “common evidence base” — the core of which was a database library — and what was understood from the evidence was synthesized to bring together what was currently known, the edges of the foundation’s understanding, and emerging …

A Framework For Creating Systems Change, William Brown, Wynn Rosser

The Foundation Review

This article draws on a system-change framework developed by the Nicholson Foundation as part of a 20-year initiative to substantively change the state of New Jersey’s health and social welfare systems, and modifies and expands a single case study on system change to align with related ideas and concepts. A results-based accountability approach is integrated into the model to draw attention to the importance of monitoring and evaluation of population-based outcomes.

Drawing on extensive literature from systems change and performance management, the discussion provides insight and perspective on contemporary frameworks in systems change and the role of grantmaking foundations. The …

Why Foundations? The Theory And Strategy Of The General-Purpose Foundation, Samsher (Sam) Singh Gill

The Foundation Review

As foundations increasingly grapple with the penetration of socioeconomic dissension into every facet of our country’s public culture, it has become difficult to evade the moral salience of whether philanthropic wealth aggregation and allocation reflect or even entrench the structures of material accumulation many now see at the root of declining support for liberalism across advanced economies.

This essay argues that contrary to growing internal and external anxieties about the role and legitimacy of general-purpose foundations in the United States, there is a sound theoretical expression of them as an essential institution in a liberal democracy. The core principle of …

The Impact Of The Covid-19 Pandemic On The Well-Being Of People Incarcerated In United States Prisons, Kimberly Rivera

Department of Sociology: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively impacted the population as a whole. However, the incarcerated population (which also experiences a variety of health disparities) has been disproportionately affected by the pandemic. Due to overcrowding, poor ventilation, and lack of resources, the incarcerated population already is at a heightened risk for negative health outcomes, made worse by the recent pandemic. To adapt to the rapidly changing conditions during the pandemic in 2020 and into 2022, new safety measures were implemented, but the unintended consequences associated with the implementation of these procedures have yet to be examined empirically. I conducted a qualitative content …

Transportation Needs Of Older Adults In Suburban And Rural Areas, Dahai Han

Theses and Dissertations

The fact that the average age of the world's population is increasing, which is more pronounced in developed countries, necessitates the understanding of the challenges faced by older adults in accessing transportation services. With advancing age, individuals may experience age-related changes that can notably affect their driving capabilities, emphasizing the importance of alternative transportation alternatives. This challenge is more evident in suburban and rural settings, where transportation choices are limited, and older adults often find themselves without access to suitable transportation alternatives. Given that mobility plays an essential role in maintaining social connections, accessing healthcare services, and fulfilling daily needs, …

Security Challenges And The Survival Of Democracy In Nigeria: An Assessment Of Niger East Senatorial District, Niger State, Yahuza Danjuma Izom

Journal of Terrorism Studies

The study assessed security challenges in relation to survival of democracy in Nigeria with focus on Niger East Senatorial District. The methodology adopted for the study is descriptive research. The population of the study was drawn from nine local government areas that constituted the district with a population of 1,513,469 (NPC, 2006). Sample size of 380 was used and the sampling technique was simple random sampling technique. Questionnaire was used as the research instrument which was well structured in two parts. Part (A) is the biodata of the respondent and part (B) was on the subject matter of the research …

Development, Voice, And Vulnerability: A Rhetorical Analysis Of The Policy-Making Discourse Regarding The Paris Agreement As An Organizational Response To Climate Change, David Almanza-Canas

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

On December 12, 2015, the Paris Agreement was officially ratified by 196 sovereign entities. This treaty represents a global call to action to ameliorate the impact of human activities on our environment, and it creates a means of cooperation through financial support and transparent industrial practices with the goal of promoting accountability across the world. This treaty and the discourse surrounding it present fertile ground for the academic understanding of persuasive practices in policy-making. By examining the rhetorical implications of the Paris Agreement as a global policy, scholars can gain new insight about the communities represented in the conversation as …

Examining The Social Equity Pillar Of Sustainability: The Effects Of Public Participation And State Actions On Local Social Services Initiatives, Jennifer Mary Crownhart

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Sustainability policies are vital in promoting social equity in municipalities across the United States. When examining economic development, environment protection, and social equity, the three pillars of sustainability, the third pillar of social equity is shown in research to be largely ignored. Using understanding drawn from co-production theory and the multilevel governance perspective, this study proposed to advance the literature on urban sustainability by examining the effects of public participation and state grants of local authority on municipal social equity. Affordable housing, transportation, and childcare programs are essential in promoting livability and social equity within urban communities. National survey data …

Western Maine Recovery Rally Feedback Survey, Evelyn Ali Bs, Tyler Egeland Ba, Mary Lindsey Smith Phd

Substance Use Research & Evaluation

The 7th Annual Western Maine Recovery Rally was hosted on September 17th, 2023 from 11am to 3pm in downtown Norway, Maine; several hundred people attended the event. The local evaluation team developed a survey with the goal of understanding how participants felt about the rally and how future events could be improved. The survey was deployed via QR code on paper materials distributed at the rally, and through social media after the event. For more information, please contact Lindsey Smith at m.lindsey.smith@maine.edu

Western Maine Addiction And Recovery Initiative's Substance Misuse Prevention And Wellness Day: Year 2 Feedback Survey For Mvhs, Tyler Egeland Ba, Evelyn Ali Bs, Mary Lindsey Smith Phd

Substance Use Research & Evaluation

As part of the evaluation of the Western Maine Addiction Recovery Initiative’s (WMARI) HRSA Rural Communities Opioid Response Program grant, staff from the Catherine Cutler Institute’s Substance Use Research and Evaluation team developed a survey to gather feedback from individuals who participate in substance misuse prevention and wellness events. Two separate PRE/POST surveys were deployed at Mountain Valley High School to assess knowledge gain, beliefs, and satisfaction. For more information, please contact Lindsey Smith at m.lindsey.smith@maine.edu

Análisis De La Violencia Crónica Desde Una Perspectiva De Género (Resumen Ejecutivo), Elena B. Stavrevska, Nattecia Nerene Bohardsingh, María Dolores Hernández Montoya, Tania Cecilia Martínez, Briana Mawby, Aliza Carns

Kroc IPJ Research and Resources

Tradicionalmente, la violencia se ha considerado a través del prisma de los conflictos armados o de incidentes violentos concretos y específicos. Sin embargo, es necesario comprender que la violencia puede ser un fenómeno crónico, una agresión persistente y profundamente arraigada que afecta a la vida cotidiana.

El informe aboga por una reconceptualización de la violencia en los ámbitos de la Mujer, la Paz y la Seguridad (WPS) y la igualdad de género, basándose en las concepciones feministas del continuo de la violencia para reconocer que las estructuras sociales, la discriminación sistémica e incluso las normas culturales dominantes pueden ser fuentes …

Análisis De La Violencia Crónica Desde Una Perspectiva De Género (Estudio De Caso: Jamaica), Elena B. Stavrevska, Nattecia Nerene Bohardsingh, María Dolores Hernández Montoya, Tania Cecilia Martínez, Briana Mawby, Aliza Carns

Kroc IPJ Research and Resources

Tradicionalmente, la violencia se ha considerado a través del prisma de los conflictos armados o de incidentes violentos concretos y específicos. Sin embargo, es necesario comprender que la violencia puede ser un fenómeno crónico, una agresión persistente y profundamente arraigada que afecta a la vida cotidiana.

El informe aboga por una reconceptualización de la violencia en los ámbitos de la Mujer, la Paz y la Seguridad (WPS) y la igualdad de género, basándose en las concepciones feministas del continuo de la violencia para reconocer que las estructuras sociales, la discriminación sistémica e incluso las normas culturales dominantes pueden ser fuentes …

Análisis De La Violencia Crónica Desde Una Perspectiva De Género (Estudio De Caso: México), Elena B. Stavrevska, Nattecia Nerene Bohardsingh, María Dolores Hernández Montoya, Tania Cecilia Martínez, Briana Mawby, Aliza Carns

Kroc IPJ Research and Resources

Tradicionalmente, la violencia se ha considerado a través del prisma de los conflictos armados o de incidentes violentos concretos y específicos. Sin embargo, es necesario comprender que la violencia puede ser un fenómeno crónico, una agresión persistente y profundamente arraigada que afecta a la vida cotidiana.

El informe aboga por una reconceptualización de la violencia en los ámbitos de la Mujer, la Paz y la Seguridad (WPS) y la igualdad de género, basándose en las concepciones feministas del continuo de la violencia para reconocer que las estructuras sociales, la discriminación sistémica e incluso las normas culturales dominantes pueden ser fuentes …

Economic Analysis Of Population-Based Next Generation Sequencing For Breast Cancer, Sapphire Curelaru

University Honors Theses

Breast cancer develops due to accumulated DNA replication insults which causes cancer to uncontrollably proliferate. An individual's predisposition to developing cancer, as well as the composition of a tumor, can be sequenced using genetic tests. Myriad's BRACAnalysis CDx^® seems to be the most utilized genetic test. However, Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) seems to be a better genetic test for breast cancer when compared to Myriad's BRACAnalysisCDx^® in terms of return-time, accuracy, efficiency, and healthcare cost. By using Next Generation Sequencing tests, stakeholders can save money on genetic testing which can be invested in more genetic tests. Payers can …

Análisis De La Violencia Crónica Desde Una Perspectiva De Género (Estudio De Caso: Honduras), Elena B. Stavrevska, Nattecia Nerene Bohardsingh, María Dolores Hernández Montoya, Tania Cecilia Martínez, Briana Mawby, Aliza Carns

Kroc IPJ Research and Resources

Tradicionalmente, la violencia se ha considerado a través del prisma de los conflictos armados o de incidentes violentos concretos y específicos. Sin embargo, es necesario comprender que la violencia puede ser un fenómeno crónico, una agresión persistente y profundamente arraigada que afecta a la vida cotidiana.

El informe aboga por una reconceptualización de la violencia en los ámbitos de la Mujer, la Paz y la Seguridad (WPS) y la igualdad de género, basándose en las concepciones feministas del continuo de la violencia para reconocer que las estructuras sociales, la discriminación sistémica e incluso las normas culturales dominantes pueden ser fuentes …

Behavior Training For Educators: What Training Do Educators Need To Support Students With Challenging Behaviors?, Michelle R. Milburn

Dissertations and Theses

The purpose of this study was to investigate the behavioral training programs/frameworks and Professional Development (PD) delivery methods that certified staff - including teachers, speech-language pathologists, school psychologists, occupational therapists, and teachers on special assignment - as well as administrators, believe to be necessary to address the academic, social, emotional, and behavioral needs of students exhibiting challenging behaviors. This national study used survey methods to explore the views of US K-12 public school educators on the PD needed to support student behavior effectively. Using social media recruitment, primarily through Reddit and Facebook, allowed the survey to reach a substantially larger …

Influence Of Pavement Conditions On Commercial Motor Vehicle Crashes, Stephen Arhin, Babin Manandhar, Adam Gatiba

Mineta Transportation Institute

Commercial motor vehicle (CMV) safety is a major concern in the United States, including the District of Columbia (DC), where CMVs make up 15% of traffic. This research uses a comprehensive approach, combining statistical analysis and machine learning techniques, to investigate the impact of road pavement conditions on CMV accidents. The study integrates traffic crash data from the Traffic Accident Reporting and Analysis Systems Version 2.0 (TARAS2) database with pavement condition data provided by the District Department of Transportation (DDOT). Data spanning from 2016 to 2020 was collected and analyzed, focusing on CMV routes in DC. The analysis employs binary …