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Articles 4591 - 4620 of 6849

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Facebook And Self-Worth, Dallin Bywater, Chelsey Tautkus, Paul Moss, Dana Kearnes Apr 2010

Facebook And Self-Worth, Dallin Bywater, Chelsey Tautkus, Paul Moss, Dana Kearnes

FHSS Mentored Research Conference

It is already known that self-worth can be easily manipulated and diminished by disparagement. In response to this disparagement, one will then seek social gratification from their peers, which will work to bolster their damaged self-worth. One of the easiest ways for these disparaged people to seek social gratification is through Facebook use. However, it is not yet known if a decrease of self-worth leads to an increase in Facebook usage; if this relationship indeed exists, then we may be able to understand more about the link between self-worth and social networking. For example, it is possible that poor mental …

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Evaluating The Impact Of Hit Resources On Patient Welfare: Evidence For The Arra, Evan S. Thomas, Mark Showalter Apr 2010

Evaluating The Impact Of Hit Resources On Patient Welfare: Evidence For The Arra, Evan S. Thomas, Mark Showalter

FHSS Mentored Research Conference

Using differencing, OLS, and probit modeling techniques, demographic and performance information for more than 1,600 U.S. hospitals was used to test whether Electronic Medical Record (EMR) usage had any effect on both outcomes and processes of patient care. The findings showed that EMR use did not have a significant impact on patient mortality rates, 30-day readmission rates, or clinical procedures in treating patients suffering from Acute Myocardial Infarctions (AMI). Additional research into the correlation between EMR usage and average Medicare reimbursement rates found that healthcare facilities using an EMR received lower reimbursements on average than those hospitals using a paper-based …

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Family-Of-Origin Influence On Relationship Satisfaction In Intercultural Couples, Keitaro Yoshida, Dean Busby Apr 2010

Family-Of-Origin Influence On Relationship Satisfaction In Intercultural Couples, Keitaro Yoshida, Dean Busby

FHSS Mentored Research Conference

Family-of-origin (FOO) experiences have been found to be associated with later intimate relationship quality (e.g., Larson & Homan, 1994). A few studies with Caucasian samples (e.g., Sabatelli & Bartle-Haring, 2003) have found that female partners’ FOO experience has a stronger impact in that it significantly predicts not only female partners’ own relationship quality, but also that of male partners’ (cross-over effect). However, this cross-over effect was not found in Asian couples (Yoshida & Busby, 2008). Therefore, the current study seeks to better understand the association between FOO experience and later relationship quality by examining the difference between Asian couples, Caucasian …

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Examining The Impacts Of Habitat Fragmentation Along The Western Border Of Yellowstone National Park, Alex D. Johnson, Vania Hernandez, Janelle Sands, Matthew Bekker Apr 2010

Examining The Impacts Of Habitat Fragmentation Along The Western Border Of Yellowstone National Park, Alex D. Johnson, Vania Hernandez, Janelle Sands, Matthew Bekker

FHSS Mentored Research Conference

Landscape Ecology combines the disciplines of geography and ecology to give a unique spatial approach, which allows extrapolation across scales Our area of study is located on the SW border of Yellowstone National Park and the adjacent National Forest. (Fig.1) Different land management practices between the National Park and National Forest, in particular, deforestation in the National Forest, can affect the ecosystem in the greater Yellowstone area. (Fig. 2)

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Grandparent/Grandchild Relationship: Linking Grandparent Involvement To Adolescent Pro-Social Behaviors, Corey Ellis, Marinda Quist, Ruth Robinson, Dara Peterson Apr 2010

Grandparent/Grandchild Relationship: Linking Grandparent Involvement To Adolescent Pro-Social Behaviors, Corey Ellis, Marinda Quist, Ruth Robinson, Dara Peterson

FHSS Mentored Research Conference

Due to the changing dynamics of family life, there is a current need to understand the grandparent-grandchild relationship. Grandparents today are more involved in the lives of their grandchildren because of increased life expectancy, divorce rates, and dual working homes (Attar-Schwartz, Tan, & Buchanan, 2009).We examined how grandparents’ financial involvement with the family and their emotional closeness to the adolescent (Kemp, 2005) impacts behavioral outcomes. One study shows that a negative grandparent-parent relationship will negatively affect the grandparent-grandchild relationship (Attar-Schwartz, S., Tan, J., & Buchanan, A, 2009). We hypothesize that the financial support of grandparents, grandparent emotional closeness with their …

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Gender Differences: The Impact Of Hours Worked On Marital Satisfaction, Patrick Frost, Arturo Morales, Jackie Freeman, Anna Nelson Apr 2010

Gender Differences: The Impact Of Hours Worked On Marital Satisfaction, Patrick Frost, Arturo Morales, Jackie Freeman, Anna Nelson

FHSS Mentored Research Conference

As work hours increase, marital satisfaction decreases. For married females, we hypothesize that when work hours increase over 40 hours per week, marital satisfaction decreases. We further hypothesize that as work hours increase over 60 hours per week for married males, marital satisfaction decreases.

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From Pawn To President, Joshua C. Powell, Sven Wilson Apr 2010

From Pawn To President, Joshua C. Powell, Sven Wilson

FHSS Mentored Research Conference

This study attempts to clarify the causes of coups d’Etat, which still occur at alarming rates within less-developed nations. Previous research has focused on three potential motivations: greed, grievance, and feasibility. Greed: High levels of natural resources such as oil can easily be diverted into personal accounts, making a successful coup more profitable. Grievance: Repression or poor governance may lead to rebellion. Feasibility: A game-theoretic explanation in which coups are attempted simply because their success seems likely.

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Hanging Out Among Latter-Day Saint Young Adults: A Qualitative Study, Matthew Call, Michael Richards, Tom B. Holman Apr 2010

Hanging Out Among Latter-Day Saint Young Adults: A Qualitative Study, Matthew Call, Michael Richards, Tom B. Holman

FHSS Mentored Research Conference

Latter-day Saint (LDS) Church leaders have recently counseled LDS young adults to avoid substituting the practice of hanging out for dating (Oaks 2006, Wickman, 2010). In the face of this counsel, hanging out continues to be a common occurrence. The present study was conducted to better understand why hanging out occurs, how young adults conceptualize it, and what function it serves as a potential pathway to marriage. We believe that hanging out serves two different functions, distinguishable by the intentions of participants and time commitments involved. We have termed “purposive” hanging out as being used to locate and filter potential …

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Greenway Systems In Salt Lake City And Tallahassee A Comparitive Analysis, Derek Bruton, Lydia Michela, Tyler Terry, Morgan Osborne Apr 2010

Greenway Systems In Salt Lake City And Tallahassee A Comparitive Analysis, Derek Bruton, Lydia Michela, Tyler Terry, Morgan Osborne

FHSS Mentored Research Conference

Landscape ecology is the study of the relationship between spatial pattern and ecological processes on a range of landscape scales. One aspect of land¬scape ecology that we chose to study was green¬ways. Greenways are long, narrow corridors that differ from the surrounding landscape types; they are used for recreation, and for pedestrian and bi¬cycle traffic. We compared the greenways in Salt Lake City and Tallahassee (Figures 3 and 4), using landscape metrics (methods of quantifying land¬scape pattern) as tools to define characteristics of the greenway systems. To determine which city had a stronger greenway system, we based our conclusions on …

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How Does Education Level Affect Marital Processes, Stephen V. Mortensen, Karen Peterson, Candace Shields, Julie Voisin Apr 2010

How Does Education Level Affect Marital Processes, Stephen V. Mortensen, Karen Peterson, Candace Shields, Julie Voisin

FHSS Mentored Research Conference

Current research utilizes SES levels as a predictor of marital interactions. However, since higher education attainment levels usually lead to higher SES levels, it is presumed that education can also be used as a predictor of marital interactions.Research has found that women’s education levels are positively correlated with marital stability and that husbands’ education levels are not significantly correlated with marital stability.The current study will further determine whether education level can be used as a predictor of marital processes, as measured by wives’ perceptions of various marital interactions. We hypothesize that husbands’ and wives' education attainment levels will be predictors …

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Female Dating Initiation At Byu, Lara Jubber, Tamara Fackrell, Jessica Hansen, Thomas B. Holman Apr 2010

Female Dating Initiation At Byu, Lara Jubber, Tamara Fackrell, Jessica Hansen, Thomas B. Holman

FHSS Mentored Research Conference

Through qualitative dating analysis, we interviewed 12 females from BYU and found several patterns regarding dating initiation. First, there was perceived male responsibility to initiate the date. Second, there was confusion that results in how a female should let a male know of their interest in him. Third, ambiguity resulted because the communication in dating initiation is not straight forward. Fourth, dating is viewed as a game with rules that vary depending on the participant.

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Human Trafficking And Prostitution: A Comparative Review Of Swedish And Dutch Policy, Emilie Davidson, Kelsey Perry, Jini Roby Apr 2010

Human Trafficking And Prostitution: A Comparative Review Of Swedish And Dutch Policy, Emilie Davidson, Kelsey Perry, Jini Roby

FHSS Mentored Research Conference

1.2 million children are trafficked every year (UNICEF), and and the total number of prostituted children could be as high as 10 million (The Lancet). Trafficking is the second largest source of illegal income worldwide, exceded only by the sale of illegal drugs (Belser, 2005). A study of women trafficked to the European Union found that 95% of victims had been violently assaulted or coerced into a sexual act, and over 60% of victims reported fatigue, neurological symptoms... back pain, vaginal discharges, and gynecological infections (Zimmerman, 2006). Definitions: Trafficking refers to “the recruitment, transportation, transfer, harbouring or receipt of persons, …

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Marital Satisfaction And The Transition To Fatherhood, Brandon Mcdaniel, Sheila Lopez, Erin K. Holmes Apr 2010

Marital Satisfaction And The Transition To Fatherhood, Brandon Mcdaniel, Sheila Lopez, Erin K. Holmes

FHSS Mentored Research Conference

The perceptions of marital satisfaction across the transition to fatherhood of 54 Brigham Young University (BYU) students were surveyed using an online questionnaire. It was hypothesized that (1) father’s expectations would not match the way tasks actually were divided, (2) fathers who felt that they were making a contribution to their family and felt that their wives appreciated that contribution would have higher marital quality, (3) fathers who were better able to communicate with their wives would be more satisfied with their marriage, (4) fathers who felt the support of their wives and others would better be able to adjust …

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Identities Among Immigrants In Utah County, Nicole Lakip, Kathryn Staples, Bryce Ayoso, Amber Masters Apr 2010

Identities Among Immigrants In Utah County, Nicole Lakip, Kathryn Staples, Bryce Ayoso, Amber Masters

FHSS Mentored Research Conference

Immigration has been a controversial topic in the United States since the first immigrants voyaged to the Americas. Throughout the United States’ history, there have been heated debates on what is acceptable as immigration and what is not. Identity is a big factor that comes into play when analyzing the lives of immigrants. How do immigrants form their identities? Is identity changeable? Does where you live affect your identity? While there have been many studies on immigration, there are very few studies that focus on the construct of the identities of these immigrants. Many variables can be attributed to the …

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Just How Independent Is The Fed?, Brenton Swenson, Sven Wilson Apr 2010

Just How Independent Is The Fed?, Brenton Swenson, Sven Wilson

FHSS Mentored Research Conference

The Federal Reserve has a duel mandate to fight inflation while keeping unemployment low. The Fed is designed to be largely independent from political influence. Just how independent the Fed actually is remains an open question. According to Political Business Cycle Theory, presidents who want to maximize their chances for re-election will attempt to fight inflation early in their term, while allowing inflation to rise before the election with the goal of boosting the economy.

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Moral Conceptions And Parent-Adolescent Congruence: What Does It Mean To Be A Moral Person?, Ryan J. Funk, Sam Hardy Apr 2010

Moral Conceptions And Parent-Adolescent Congruence: What Does It Mean To Be A Moral Person?, Ryan J. Funk, Sam Hardy

FHSS Mentored Research Conference

In recent years scholars have argued for the importance of greater understanding naturalistic conceptions of moral maturity (Walker & Pitts, 1998). However, given the limited work done thus far in this area, we still know very little about how these conceptions of morality develop. Further, most prior studies of lay conceptions of morality have involved adults (e.g., Smith, Smith, & Christopher, 2007; Walker & Pitts, 1998). Thus, the purpose of the present study was to explore the relationship between adolescent’s conceptions of morality and how it relates to their parents’.

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Neither Foster Nor Orphanages, Tami Thayne, Judy Norman Apr 2010

Neither Foster Nor Orphanages, Tami Thayne, Judy Norman

FHSS Mentored Research Conference

Clearly, there are circumstances requiring out-of family placement for children. Foster care in the U. S. and orphanages in numerous countries remain available or the only alternative for care of some children at-risk. The mental status of children while in alternative care has received little research attention while much research has focused on the post-care, long-term negative consequences of such care, including developmental delays or impairment (Norman & Park, 2009; Pearce & Pearce, 2001). Research suggests a significant negative psychological impact for children raised in orphanages. While foster care has been viewed as an improvement in the care of vulnerable …

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Legacy Parkway: Evaluating The Effects Of Construction On Wetland Patterns, Nate Dorsey, Jillian Brandley, Joshua Fawcett, Michael Johnson Apr 2010

Legacy Parkway: Evaluating The Effects Of Construction On Wetland Patterns, Nate Dorsey, Jillian Brandley, Joshua Fawcett, Michael Johnson

FHSS Mentored Research Conference

The Legacy Parkway is a 14-mile highway that was built in 2008 to alleviate traffic congestion in Davis County, Utah. The parkway was built near the Great Salt Lake in an area with many wetlands. Prior to construction there was a great deal of controversy regarding how the parkway might negatively affect the wetlands. This research attempts to answer the following question: How did construction of the Legacy Parkway impact wetland patterns?

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Parent-Adolescent Attachment As A Mediator Of Relations Between Parenting And Adolescent Social Behavior And Well-Being In China, Mengfei Cai, Blake Hudson, Ashley Maag, Sam Hardy Apr 2010

Parent-Adolescent Attachment As A Mediator Of Relations Between Parenting And Adolescent Social Behavior And Well-Being In China, Mengfei Cai, Blake Hudson, Ashley Maag, Sam Hardy

FHSS Mentored Research Conference

The study of adolescents’ attachment to parents and its relation to adolescents' well-being has received increasing attention in recent years. But the mechanic in this relation and even in the whole working pattern is still not very clear---not only in western background, but also in eastern culture. This study examined how parenting dimensions (authoritative, psychological control, and over-protecting) relate to adolescent outcomes (self-esteem, autonomy, and peer relationships) by way of parent-teen attachment, among Chinese families.

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Marcia’S Identity Statuses In Comparison With Time Management Habits, Anu O'Neill, David Rackham, Mary Finley, Scott C. Steffensen Apr 2010

Marcia’S Identity Statuses In Comparison With Time Management Habits, Anu O'Neill, David Rackham, Mary Finley, Scott C. Steffensen

FHSS Mentored Research Conference

This study found that time management correlates with Marcia's Identity Status theory. Marcia's Identity Status reflects on the four different levels of identity: achievement, foreclosure, moratorium, diffusion. Identity can consist of things such as reasons for going to school, what career they want and knowing what accomplishments they are working towards. Identity and time usage are related because as a person know what is important to them they know how they want to use their time. We are hoping to see the strength of identity in how time is allocated.

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Ladders To The Sky: Implications Of 'Mental Retardation' In Vishakhapatnam, India, Amber K. Bell, Charles Nuckolls Apr 2010

Ladders To The Sky: Implications Of 'Mental Retardation' In Vishakhapatnam, India, Amber K. Bell, Charles Nuckolls

FHSS Mentored Research Conference

Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) have never been studied from an ethnographic basis in anthropology. The study originally focused on only families with autistic members. Due to Indian definitions of mental illness, the study was broadened from the cultural view of ASDs to studying the 'mentally retarded' and focused on autistics within that definition. I wanted to study: the cultural definitions of mental illness, what treatments were being used, and how these definitions affected families that included patients.

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Pornography Addiction: Shedding Light On Internet Help Resources, Joshua Ruchty, Sam Hardy Apr 2010

Pornography Addiction: Shedding Light On Internet Help Resources, Joshua Ruchty, Sam Hardy

FHSS Mentored Research Conference

The purpose of this pilot study is to empirically evaluate the effectiveness of the Candeo Program by collecting self-reported improvement data from Candeo subscribers. Candeo is an online, subscription-based recovery program for pornography addiction. Candeo guides subscribers through 10 levels of instruction --including text, video, and interactive exercises –all aimed toward reshaping thought processes in order alter addictive behaviors.

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Predictors And Outcomes Of Work-Family Conflict: A U.S. And Singapore Cross-Cultural Comparison, Lydia A. Buswell, Adam M. Galovan, Tamara A. Fackrell, Blake L. Jones Apr 2010

Predictors And Outcomes Of Work-Family Conflict: A U.S. And Singapore Cross-Cultural Comparison, Lydia A. Buswell, Adam M. Galovan, Tamara A. Fackrell, Blake L. Jones

FHSS Mentored Research Conference

This paper examines the predictors and outcomes of work-family conflict in a cross-cultural comparison between nationally-representative samples from the United States (N = 1870) and Singapore (N = 1035). As expected, schedule flexibility was positively related to mental health in the United States, but in Singapore the relationship was negative. Likewise, work-to-family conflict was negatively related to marital satisfaction in the United States, however, it was positively related to marital satisfaction in Singapore. Similarly, family-to-work conflict was positively related to job satisfaction in United States, but was negatively related in Singapore. The findings suggest that theoretical relationships in the work-family …

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Male Dating Initiation At Byu, Lara A. Jubber, Jessica Hansen, Tamara Fackrell, Thomas B. Holman Apr 2010

Male Dating Initiation At Byu, Lara A. Jubber, Jessica Hansen, Tamara Fackrell, Thomas B. Holman

FHSS Mentored Research Conference

Through qualitative dating analysis, we interviewed 12 males from BYU and found several patterns regarding dating initiation. First, there was perceived male responsibility to initiate the date. Second, there were expectations that females should be straightforward with their interest. Third, males expressed concern about their readiness for marriage and the pressures for marriage. Fourth, dating is viewed as a game with rules that vary depending on the participant.

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Lds Doctrine And Perfectionism, Brittany Mealey, Jeffrey Bernhardt, Michael Davison, Andrea Riggs Apr 2010

Lds Doctrine And Perfectionism, Brittany Mealey, Jeffrey Bernhardt, Michael Davison, Andrea Riggs

FHSS Mentored Research Conference

Perfectionism has become a topic of widespread interest within the social sciences. Many of the studies testing and measuring perfectionism have been associated with constructs such as need achievement and level of aspiration. Though it has been found that there may be links between religiosity and perfectionism (Edgington et. al, 2008; Zohar et. al, 2005), only a small amount of studies have actually researched if and how perfectionism is affected by religiosity.

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Marriage: Sooner Or Later, Franklin O. Poulsen, Dean Busby Apr 2010

Marriage: Sooner Or Later, Franklin O. Poulsen, Dean Busby

FHSS Mentored Research Conference

The major purpose of this study is to explore whether there are concrete relationship factors, family factors or attitudes that explain why individuals put off getting married till later and later even though they generally view it as desirable. In order to test this we use two variables (Desire to be Married and Readiness for a Close Relationship) as indicators of marriage imminence and then utilize predictors to see if our conceptual framework accurately predicts these indicators. Our predictors follow an ecological approach (Larson & Holman, 1994) to dating and marriage that assumes a variety of contexts (family, dating, culture …

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Marriage, Coparenting, & Family Work Over Time: A Latent Growth Curve Analysis, Adam M. Galovan, Erin K. Holmes Apr 2010

Marriage, Coparenting, & Family Work Over Time: A Latent Growth Curve Analysis, Adam M. Galovan, Erin K. Holmes

FHSS Mentored Research Conference

Using data from the NICHD Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development (n = 1024 couples), we examined the associations between parenting, similarity in parenting, and emotional intimacy. Mothers’ initial level of family work responsibility was the most significant predictor of emotional intimacy for both Fathers and Mothers. More traditional, adult-centered parenting beliefs were also associated with decreased emotional intimacy for Mothers. Similarity in family work and parenting beliefs showed stability overtime. In general, similarity in parenting and consensus in family work activities was not as significantly associated with emotional intimacy as the individual parenting constructs.

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Religion's Influence On Adolescent's Self-Esteem, Diane M. Bowns, Benjamin R. Malczyk, Rachel Dodge, Randal Day Apr 2010

Religion's Influence On Adolescent's Self-Esteem, Diane M. Bowns, Benjamin R. Malczyk, Rachel Dodge, Randal Day

FHSS Mentored Research Conference

Self-esteem, or mattering, is important as it has been found to be positively related to things like perceived social support and school performance for adolescents (Elliott, Kao & Grant 2004). We wonder if an adolescent’s self-esteem is specifically affected by his religiosity. Plante and Boccaccini (1997) used the SCSORF Questionnaire and found that stronger faith promoted lighter interpersonal sensitivity, greater belief in personal control and higher self-esteem. Likewise, Ellison (1991) asserts that those with strong religiosity report higher self-esteem; yet Bahr and Martin (1983) report that there was little relationship between religiosity and self-esteem. In our study we test to …

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Media Increases Narcissistic Tendencies In College Students, Megan Sheldon, Melanie Johnson, Brady Morris, Brittany Stevenson Apr 2010

Media Increases Narcissistic Tendencies In College Students, Megan Sheldon, Melanie Johnson, Brady Morris, Brittany Stevenson

FHSS Mentored Research Conference

In the recent decade, society has seen more and more cases of narcissistic entitlement (NE) (Twenge, Konratin, Foster, Campbell, & Bushman, 2008). An increased emphasis on celebrity worship, material wealth, physical appearance, media styles, and attention seeking in recent years may account for this shift in NE (Chen, 1998), (Ashe, Maltby, McCutcheon, 2005). NE occurs when people believe themselves to be entitled to certain privileges and have an obsessive self-love rooted in an insecure self-esteem. Individuals with NE may also be more prone to go into debt than those without it because they feel entitled to certain things even though …

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Modeling Large-Scale Historical Migration Patterns Using Family History Records, Brian Bunker, Elias Wise, Eric Severson, Sam Otterstrom Apr 2010

Modeling Large-Scale Historical Migration Patterns Using Family History Records, Brian Bunker, Elias Wise, Eric Severson, Sam Otterstrom

FHSS Mentored Research Conference

Location has a powerful effect, and humans seek to understand not only where they are, but where they have come from. Thus, genealogy and migration are both important human concepts, and one can help to illuminate the other. Historical migration studies use records of all types to attempt to model and explain the movement of individuals and families. Our purpose is to use the new Family Search database compiled by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and its members to create a flexible search engine which will enable visualization and analysis of migration by community or by place …

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