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Articles 781 - 810 of 6849
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Cognitive Empathy And Longitudinal Changes In Temporo-Parietal Junction Thickness In Schizophrenia, Derin J. Cobia, Tatiana Karpouzian-Rogers, Julie Petersen, Lei Wang, Vijay A. Mittal, John G. Csernansky, Matthew J. Smith
Cognitive Empathy And Longitudinal Changes In Temporo-Parietal Junction Thickness In Schizophrenia, Derin J. Cobia, Tatiana Karpouzian-Rogers, Julie Petersen, Lei Wang, Vijay A. Mittal, John G. Csernansky, Matthew J. Smith
Faculty Publications
Objective: Deficits in cognitive empathy are well-documented in individuals with schizophrenia and are related to reduced community functioning. The temporoparietal junction (TPJ) is closely linked to cognitive empathy. We compared the relationship between baseline cognitive empathy and changes in TPJ thickness over 24 months between individuals with schizophrenia and healthy controls. Methods: Individuals with schizophrenia (n = 29) and healthy controls (n = 26) completed a cognitive empathy task and underwent structural neuroimaging at baseline and approximately 24 months later. Symmetrized percent change scores were calculated for right and left TPJ, as well as whole-brain volume, and compared between groups. …
Brand Activism And Gender: Nike As A Case Study, Kirsten Rasmussen
Brand Activism And Gender: Nike As A Case Study, Kirsten Rasmussen
Theses and Dissertations
Nike is a prominent company that engages in brand activism, a marketing approach wherein they brand themselves as socially progressive by adopting public stances on controversial social issues. Because Nike resides at the intersection of media and sports, both of which are institutions that gender plays an important role in, an exploration of how Nike constructs gender in its commercials may illuminate the authenticity of its brand activism and progressive politics. Through a content analysis of 131 commercials released by Nike in the past decade, I explore whether their reputation as a socially progressive company extends to genuinely diverse and …
Scholarsarchive Urc Presentation May 2021, Ellen Amatangelo
Scholarsarchive Urc Presentation May 2021, Ellen Amatangelo
Faculty Publications
Managed by the Harold B. Lee Library, ScholarsArchive is Brigham Young University’s open access institutional repository for scholarly and creative content produced by BYU faculty, staff, and students. The repository is intended to make material such as research, publications, data, and historical documents openly available to a global audience.
Us Military Policy In Poland And The Baltics: To Stay Or Not To Stay, Owen Bates
Us Military Policy In Poland And The Baltics: To Stay Or Not To Stay, Owen Bates
Sigma: Journal of Political and International Studies
No abstract provided.
Diverging Identities: The Juxtaposition Of Palestinians In Israel And The Occupied Territories, Micah Russell
Diverging Identities: The Juxtaposition Of Palestinians In Israel And The Occupied Territories, Micah Russell
Sigma: Journal of Political and International Studies
No abstract provided.
Inadequate Resettlement Of Refugees In The Southern European Union, Jenna Vasquez
Inadequate Resettlement Of Refugees In The Southern European Union, Jenna Vasquez
Ballard Brief
The European Union (EU) and specifically the countries in southern Europe have experienced an unprecedented number of refugees entering its countries since the Syrian Civil War began in 2011. The resettlement of these refugees has been inadequate due to a number of factors, and there are many bureaucratic obstacles to refugees applying for asylum in an EU country. Additionally, countries simply lack space, resources, and legal staff to handle the influx of newcomers. These factors lead to a variety of negative consequences for the refugees and the host countries, including violence among refugees and law enforcement and financial insecurities and …
Migrant Smuggling Across The Mediterranean Sea, Lorin Utsch
Migrant Smuggling Across The Mediterranean Sea, Lorin Utsch
Ballard Brief
Many migrants are making the dangerous crossing of the Mediterranean Sea through the use of migrant smugglers. Though illegal, migrants choose to make this journey due to a combination of push and pull factors. including instability in their homeland and a lack of legal options of emmigration. The smugglers are highly motivated by profit and take advantage of the migrants· needs, leading to instances of monetary exploitation. sexual abuse. and human trafficking. As a result of the smugglers· motivation for profit. the lives of the migrants are often placed in hazardous situations, often resulting in death. Because of the illicit …
Sigma: Journal Of Political And International Studies
Sigma: Journal Of Political And International Studies
Sigma: Journal of Political and International Studies
No abstract provided.
Discrimination Against Muslims In The United States, Samuel Neptune
Discrimination Against Muslims In The United States, Samuel Neptune
Ballard Brief
The United States is a cultural melting pot of numerous unique religions. One religion that has gained increased attention in the United States over the years is Islam. This increased attention on members of the Islamic community is often negative. For this reason, it is increasingly important for American citizens to understand that the majority of faithful followers of Islam do not identity or approve of extremist groups that commit atrocious acts in the name of Islam. Hate and improper views of Muslims are being propagated by biased media depictions of Muslims, by the heightened fear and concern for safety …
Inadequate Support Systems For Children Of Separated Parents In Utah, Rebekah Leavitt-Hatch
Inadequate Support Systems For Children Of Separated Parents In Utah, Rebekah Leavitt-Hatch
Ballard Brief
Ineffective systems that fail to support children experiencing parental separation contribute to many of the prevalent societal issues seen today, including poverty, mental illness. and educational disparities. Negative outcomes for children of parental separation without effective systemic intervention vary from financial insecurity to mental and physical health complications and lower educational attainment. Inefficiencies exist at multiple levels, including a lack of mitigating policies at the macro level. a decrease in resources on the mezzo level, and threats to social support from the micro level. Based on outputs and outcome-assumptions, best practices to prevent and mitigate negative outcomes for children of …
Maternal Mortality Among Black Women In The United States, Joli Hunt
Maternal Mortality Among Black Women In The United States, Joli Hunt
Ballard Brief
The chance of a Black woman dying in the US due to complications relating to pregnancy or childbirth is 2 to 3 times more than a White woman in the US-a disparity large enough to cause the national maternal mortality rate to increase at a steady rate. Challenges influencing this problem include implicit racial bias within the healthcare system that causes negligence, a lack of standardized healthcare to provide quality care in all parts of the US, and the stress caused by systemic racism and its effect on Black female bodies. Maternal death has detrimental effects on Black families and …
Intergenerational Poverty In The United States, Monica Privette-Black
Intergenerational Poverty In The United States, Monica Privette-Black
Ballard Brief
Though the United States is one of the highest-income countries in the world, there are still hundreds of thousands of citizens living below the poverty line. More children live below the poverty line than any other age group. The racial demographic and distribution of modern-day poverty can be traced back, in part, to policies such as gentrification and redlining. School system failures and a lack of access to social capital also contribute to the prevalence of intergenerational poverty. The consequences of intergenerational poverty include food insecurity, birth and developmental issues, unsafe living conditions, and increased risk of violence, incarceration, and …
Public Confederate Markers In The United States, P. Makoto Hunter
Public Confederate Markers In The United States, P. Makoto Hunter
Ballard Brief
As of May 2021, 736 physical monuments and over 1000 other state-sponsored memorials to the Confederate States of America remain in the United States. Most of these markers were built as terror tactics targeting Black Americans during the post-Reconstruction and Civil Rights Movement eras of the twentieth century, long after the end of the Civil War and the Confederacy. Some of the reasons why Confederate markers and support for them persist in the public square are general unfamiliarity with Civil War history, widespread negationist history narratives, and state laws prohibiting local governments from altering Confederate monuments. Although Confederate markers ostensibly …
Abuse And Neglect Against Elderly Adults In Nursing Homes In The United States, Erica Bassett
Abuse And Neglect Against Elderly Adults In Nursing Homes In The United States, Erica Bassett
Ballard Brief
Elder abuse and neglect in nursing homes has been publicly regarded for several decades but is likely to increase as the Baby Boomer generation ages Into retirement. Certain demographics are more at risk for abuse and neglect, particularly patients with dementia or Alzheimer's disease. Abuse can include physical abuse. psychological abuse, sexual abuse. emotional abuse, neglect, and other inappropriate behaviors. Current internal structures such as poor patient-staff ratios. poor staff credentials, and staff burnout contribute to the prevalence of abuse and neglect against elderly patients, who often are dependent on staff for care. As a result of abuse, elderly victims …
Educational Disparities Among Racial And Ethnic Minority Youth In The United States, Lauren Bushnell
Educational Disparities Among Racial And Ethnic Minority Youth In The United States, Lauren Bushnell
Ballard Brief
While the gap in high school completion has narrowed over time. the percentage of Black and Hispanic high school graduates is still significantly less than that of their White counterparts. Throughout the nation, minority students experience disparities in their educational experience that directly impact their long-term learning and success. The most significant contributors to educational disparities amongst the nation's racial and ethnic minorities include poverty, segregation and racial school districting, inadequate language resources for English language learners. bullying. and lack of access to health resources. The consequences of educational disparities among these minorities include continued poverty, decreased college enrollment and …
Mistreatment Of Wild Animals In Captivity, Madison Coleman
Mistreatment Of Wild Animals In Captivity, Madison Coleman
Ballard Brief
Wild animals kept in zoos, aquariums, marine parks and theme parks, and other types of captive establishments endure severe mistreatment. both due to the inherently stressful nature of captivity as well as certain conditions within these facilities that exacerbate the mistreatment. The general views that society holds of animals, the ability for humans to profit from captive animals. inadequate monitoring of animal treatment, and inadequate worker training are all causes of this animal mistreatment. When animals suffer this mistreatment, they endure severe psychological harm (evidenced by chronic stress. stereotypic behavior. hyper-aggressive behavior, and maternal neglect) and physical harm (such as …
Low Immunization Rates In The United States, Asia Haslam, Harper Forsgren
Low Immunization Rates In The United States, Asia Haslam, Harper Forsgren
Ballard Brief
Vaccination hesitancy has been a concern for some time in the United States, but it is an issue that has become increasingly prevalent in the past 20 years. This hesitancy and mistrust of vaccinations has translated into lowered immunization rates for children and adults. The reduction in vaccination rates is driven mainly by concerns over safety, perpetuation of misinformation about vaccinations, and the increased polarization of immunizations in the United States. Low vaccination rates can cause serious consequences including re-emergence of dangerous diseases, economic consequences for communities. and furthered perpetuation of political divides. The US government and many public health …
Disenfranchisement And Suppression Of Black Voters In The United States, Derek Hill, Madison Coleman, Erica Bassett
Disenfranchisement And Suppression Of Black Voters In The United States, Derek Hill, Madison Coleman, Erica Bassett
Ballard Brief
The disenfranchisement of Black Americans has long outlasted the end of the Civil War, with modern instances of voter suppression in the form of limitations on absentee and early voting, stricter voter ID requirements. restrictions on voter registration. and other systemic barriers that decrease the voting engagement of minority populations. Today. Black voter disenfranchisement primarily takes the form of voting restrictions for incarcerated individuals. Systemic barriers such as gerrymandering, voting regulations for imprisoned persons. voter ID laws, lack of access to polling locations, and other examples contribute to the disenfranchisement of racial and ethnic minorities in the United States. This …
What Makes A Country Environmentally Friendly?, Sophie Plantamura
What Makes A Country Environmentally Friendly?, Sophie Plantamura
Sigma: Journal of Political and International Studies
No abstract provided.
Letter From The Editor, Sara Lopez
Letter From The Editor, Sara Lopez
Sigma: Journal of Political and International Studies
No abstract provided.
Power Brokers: Three Revolutionaries Who Shaped Post-Revolutionary Egypt And Tunisia, Dan Harker
Power Brokers: Three Revolutionaries Who Shaped Post-Revolutionary Egypt And Tunisia, Dan Harker
Sigma: Journal of Political and International Studies
No abstract provided.
Determining The Constitutionality Of Public Aid To Parochial Schools After Espinoza, Anna Bryner
Determining The Constitutionality Of Public Aid To Parochial Schools After Espinoza, Anna Bryner
Sigma: Journal of Political and International Studies
No abstract provided.
Populism And Evangelicalism: A Cross-Country Analysis Of Chile And The United States, Adam Roberts
Populism And Evangelicalism: A Cross-Country Analysis Of Chile And The United States, Adam Roberts
Sigma: Journal of Political and International Studies
No abstract provided.
Gender Equality And Democratization: How Greater Gender Equality Helps Explain Tunisian Success In The Arab Spring, Hannah Miller
Gender Equality And Democratization: How Greater Gender Equality Helps Explain Tunisian Success In The Arab Spring, Hannah Miller
Sigma: Journal of Political and International Studies
No abstract provided.
Roboethics In Covid-19: A Case Study In Dentistry, Wendy C. Birmingham, Yaser Maddahi, Maryam Kalvandi, Sofya Langman, Nicole Capicotto, Kourosh Zareinia
Roboethics In Covid-19: A Case Study In Dentistry, Wendy C. Birmingham, Yaser Maddahi, Maryam Kalvandi, Sofya Langman, Nicole Capicotto, Kourosh Zareinia
Faculty Publications
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused dramatic effects on the healthcare system, businesses, and education. In many countries, businesses were shut down, universities and schools had to cancel in-person classes, and many workers had to work remotely and socially distance in order to prevent the spread of the virus. These measures opened the door for technologies such as robotics and artificial intelligence to play an important role in minimizing the negative effects of such closures. There have been many efforts in the design and development of robotic systems for applications such as disinfection and eldercare. Healthcare education has seen a lot …
The Effect Of Lgbt Film Exposure On Policy Preference, Grant Baldwin
The Effect Of Lgbt Film Exposure On Policy Preference, Grant Baldwin
Sigma: Journal of Political and International Studies
No abstract provided.
Who Knew We Had This Stuff?: Collaborating To Expose Decades Of Hidden Collections Through Cataloging Before Processing, Rebecca A. Wiederhold, Matthew Leavitt
Who Knew We Had This Stuff?: Collaborating To Expose Decades Of Hidden Collections Through Cataloging Before Processing, Rebecca A. Wiederhold, Matthew Leavitt
Faculty Publications
Unprocessed collections are a barrier to access that many manuscript repositories face. Our goal is to provide at least basic access to collections that have been hidden for decades. Acknowledging that our current workflow might take as long as ten years to catch up on our backlog of unprocessed collections, BYU's Harold B. Lee Library is rethinking workflows to re-emphasize user needs as a top priority. In an effort to better share resources across the library to solve this problem, catalogers are taking the first stab at archival description for backlog collections. We have developed procedures to provide a collection-level …
A Nonhuman Primate Model Of The Out Of Africa Theory Utilizing Chinese- And Indian-Derived Rhesus Macaques (Macaca Mulatta), Jacob N. Hunter
A Nonhuman Primate Model Of The Out Of Africa Theory Utilizing Chinese- And Indian-Derived Rhesus Macaques (Macaca Mulatta), Jacob N. Hunter
Theses and Dissertations
Evidence suggests that certain genotypic variants associated with novelty-seeking and aggressiveness, such as the 7-repeat dopamine D4 receptor variant (DRD4-7R), short (s) allele of the serotonin transporter (5-HTT), and the low-activity variant of the MAOa promoter (MAOa-L), are more prevalent in human groups that radiated out of Africa than human groups that remained in Africa. Rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta), like humans, are a widespread species of primates that needed to adapt to different regional environments with one group, Indian-derived rhesus macaques, largely occupying predictable and resource-rich environments, while the other group, the Chinese-derived rhesus macaques, has come to occupy less …
Tessellated Pictures And Traditional Piety, Matthew K. Higham
Tessellated Pictures And Traditional Piety, Matthew K. Higham
Theses and Dissertations
Nearly 300 years before the rise of a ‘Christianized,’ Eastern Roman Empire, generations of inhabitants in the Eastern Mediterranean and Near East had witnessed a considerable variety and evolution of religious thought. As a result of the expansion of Christian sects throughout the Near East and Mediterranean, in 325 CE, Emperor Constantine I convened a theological council to unite his vast kingdom in the East under a single religious creed. While revisions to the text of the first ‘Nicene Creed’ and subsequent councils would be organized, many dissenting factions refused to relinquish their long-held beliefs and traditions. Some of these …
Early Rearing Conditions Affect Monoamine Metabolite Levels During Baseline And Periods Of Social Separation Stress: A Non-Human Primate Model (Macaca Mulatta), Elizabeth K. Wood, Natalia Gabrielle, Jacob Hunter, Andrea N. Skowbo, Melanie L. Schwandt, Stephen G. Lindell, Christina S. Barr, Stephen J. Suomi, James Dee Higley
Early Rearing Conditions Affect Monoamine Metabolite Levels During Baseline And Periods Of Social Separation Stress: A Non-Human Primate Model (Macaca Mulatta), Elizabeth K. Wood, Natalia Gabrielle, Jacob Hunter, Andrea N. Skowbo, Melanie L. Schwandt, Stephen G. Lindell, Christina S. Barr, Stephen J. Suomi, James Dee Higley
Faculty Publications
A variety of studies show that parental absence early in life leads to deleterious effects on the developing CNS. This is thought to be largely because evolutionary-dependent stimuli are necessary for the appropriate postnatal development of the young brain, an effect sometimes termed the “experience-expectant brain,” with parents providing the necessary input for normative synaptic connections to develop and appropriate neuronal survival to occur. Principal among CNS systems affected by parental input are the monoamine systems. In the present study, N = 434 rhesus monkeys (233 males, 201 females) were reared in one of two conditions: as mother-reared controls (MR; …