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Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons

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Articles 7471 - 7500 of 38949

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

La Restitución De Tierras Y Territorios. Justificaciones, Dilemas Y Estrategias, Sergio Chaparro, Camilo Sánchez, Javier Revelo-Rebolledo May 2016

La Restitución De Tierras Y Territorios. Justificaciones, Dilemas Y Estrategias, Sergio Chaparro, Camilo Sánchez, Javier Revelo-Rebolledo

Javier Revelo-Rebolledo

No abstract provided.


Legitimacy Of Taiwan's Trade Negotiations With China: Demystifying Political Challenges, Pasha L. Hsieh May 2016

Legitimacy Of Taiwan's Trade Negotiations With China: Demystifying Political Challenges, Pasha L. Hsieh

Pasha L. HSIEH

The article analyzes Taiwan’s legitimacy debate over trade negotiations with China. The theoretical concept of legitimacy is used to assess Taiwan’s cross-straits negotiation mechanism and trade agreements. This article argues that Taiwan’s current legal framework governing congressional supervision of cross-straits agreements falls short of procedural legitimacy and performance legitimacy.  By explaining the constitutional design for Taiwan’s “white glove” mechanism, the article explores the initial procedural legitimacy deficit.  As cross-straits negotiations involve increasingly substantive obligations, the legitimacy of bilateral agreements has changed fundamentally. The massive protest in the Sunflower Movement due to the Services Trade Agreement reinforced legitimacy concerns. Taiwan’s ambiguous …


Not Another Quiz: An Approach To Engage Today's Students In Meaningful Current Events Discussions, Leigh L. Wright, Melony Shemberger, Elizabeth Price May 2016

Not Another Quiz: An Approach To Engage Today's Students In Meaningful Current Events Discussions, Leigh L. Wright, Melony Shemberger, Elizabeth Price

Melony Shemberger, Ed.D.

Journalism professors are concerned with how effectively students understand current news events and engage with mainstream news sources. This essay is based on a survey administered to students in a newswriting course and analyzed the kinds of current news that students followed in weekly assignments designed with a digital, interactive approach. Some outcomes indicated that students’ grades improved, breaking news and crime were the stories students followed the most, and students appeared to engage better with news sources through the interactive exercise. This essay also discusses practical implications for educators who are searching for innovative ways to boost media literacy …


Campus Does Matter: The Relationship Of Student Retention And Degree Attainment To Campus Design, Amir Hajrasouliha, Reid Ewing May 2016

Campus Does Matter: The Relationship Of Student Retention And Degree Attainment To Campus Design, Amir Hajrasouliha, Reid Ewing

Amir Hajrasouliha

No abstract provided.


Prosecuting Rape Victims While Rapists Run Free: The Consequences Of Police Failure To Investigate Sex Crimes In Britain And The United States, Lisa Avalos May 2016

Prosecuting Rape Victims While Rapists Run Free: The Consequences Of Police Failure To Investigate Sex Crimes In Britain And The United States, Lisa Avalos

Lisa Avalos

    Imagine that a close friend is raped, and you encourage her to report it to the police. At first, she thinks that the police are taking her report seriously, but the investigation does not seem to move forward.  The next thing she knows, they accuse her of lying and ultimately file charges against her.  You and your friend are in shock; this outcome never entered your minds. This nightmare may seem inconceivable, but it has in fact occurred repeatedly in both the United States and Britain – countries that are typically lauded for their high levels of gender equality. …


The Effect Of Institutional Ownership On Payout Policy: Evidence From Index Thresholds, Alan D. Crane, Sébastien Michenaud, James P. Weston May 2016

The Effect Of Institutional Ownership On Payout Policy: Evidence From Index Thresholds, Alan D. Crane, Sébastien Michenaud, James P. Weston

Sébastien Michenaud

We show that higher institutional ownership causes firms to pay more dividends. Our identification relies on a discontinuity in ownership around Russell index thresholds. Our estimates indicate that a one-percentage-point increase in institutional ownership causes a $7 million (8%) increase in dividends. We also find differences in shareholder proposals and voting patterns that suggest that even nonactivist institutions play an important role in monitoring firm behavior. The effect of institutional ownership on dividends is stronger for firms with higher expected agency costs.


Ephraim L. Dunlap – Inventor Of American’S Last Flat-Spring Fish Hook., William B. Krohn May 2016

Ephraim L. Dunlap – Inventor Of American’S Last Flat-Spring Fish Hook., William B. Krohn

William B. Krohn

This article discusses the life and patents of Ephraim L. Dunlap (1831-1914), a farmer and inventor from western Maine. Dunlap's Spring Hook, patented 1 June 1875, is the first piece of terminal fishing tackle made in Maine by a maker who is identifiable.


Navigating The Self In Diverse Work Contexts, Laura Morgan Roberts, Stephanie J. Creary May 2016

Navigating The Self In Diverse Work Contexts, Laura Morgan Roberts, Stephanie J. Creary

Stephanie J. Creary

Navigating the self is critical for working in a diverse world, in which different identities interact in social space. This chapter presents five theoretical perspectives on how individuals navigate the self in diverse organizational contexts—social identity, critical identity, (role) identity, narrative-as-identity, and identity work. We review these five prominent theoretical perspectives on identity processes in diverse contexts to explicate various ways in which individuals actively participate in the co-construction of their identities in diverse contexts. As a next step in research, identity, diversity, and relationship scholars are encouraged to inquire into the generativity of proposed tactics for navigating the self …


Title V Initiatives: Capstone And Student Research With Faculty, Sarah Brennan Ms., Silvia Reyes May 2016

Title V Initiatives: Capstone And Student Research With Faculty, Sarah Brennan Ms., Silvia Reyes

Sarah Brennan

This presentation summarizes two components of a Title V grant being implemented at Hostos Community College. The two components highlighted are: (1) the capstone initiative and (2) the student research with faculty initiative. Our implementation processes have been influenced in part by AAC&U's High Impact Practices work and philosophy. Our work with Hostos faculty has helped us define capstone learning at the community college level and supported student engagement in authentic research activities.


Why-The-United-States-Needs-A-National-Birth-Cohort-Study.Pdf, Ezekiel J. Dixon-Román May 2016

Why-The-United-States-Needs-A-National-Birth-Cohort-Study.Pdf, Ezekiel J. Dixon-Román

Ezekiel J Dixon-Román

In a list of 17 high-income countries, the United States ranks last in terms of life expectancy for males and second-to-last for females. The U.S. population also experiences worse outcomes compared with its peers in nine key areas: infant mortality and low birth weight; injuries and homicides; adolescent pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections; HIV and AIDS; drug- related deaths; obesity and diabetes; heart disease; chronic lung disease; and disability. In addition, the United States sees persistent racial, ethnic, socioeconomic, and geographic disparities in health.
Why does the United States fare so poorly compared with its peers? There are many possible …


Natural Standard: The Authority On Integrative Medicine, Krista Reichard May 2016

Natural Standard: The Authority On Integrative Medicine, Krista Reichard

Krista Reynolds

No abstract provided.


Building A Green Community At The Concordia University Library, Krista Reynolds May 2016

Building A Green Community At The Concordia University Library, Krista Reynolds

Krista Reynolds

No abstract provided.


Canadian English In The Pacific Northwest: A Phonetic Comparison Of Vancouver, B.C And Seattle, Wa., Julia Thomas Swan May 2016

Canadian English In The Pacific Northwest: A Phonetic Comparison Of Vancouver, B.C And Seattle, Wa., Julia Thomas Swan

Julia Thomas Swan

The Atlas of North American English (henceforth ANAE) calls attention to the difficult task of differentiating the dialect regions entitled “the West” and “Canada” and surmises that the dialects can be differentiated on the basis of their degree of participation in the
same sound changes (Labov et al. 2006). In other words, the difference is a quantitative one, not a qualitative one. This paper argues that this assessment may be due, in part, to the methodological approach taken. Despite the geographic proximity and cultural similarities of Vancouver, BC and Seattle, WA, few studies have directly compared their speech (see Sadlier-Brown …


How Hip Is The Partnership: The Value Of A Generalist Journal In A Niche World, Leanne Olson May 2016

How Hip Is The Partnership: The Value Of A Generalist Journal In A Niche World, Leanne Olson

Leanne Olson

Robin Bergart, University of Guelph
Leanne Olson, University of Western Ontario 
Nathalie Soini, Queen’s University 

Partnership: The Canadian Journal of Library and Information Practice and Research is an open-access journal for library practitioners. Since its first issue in 2006 it has actively invited submissions from every library sector and published on a broad range of topics relevant to libraries. As the journal reaches its tenth anniversary, we are exploring how the Canadian LIS community perceives the role and value of this publication. Is it part of Partnership’s role to provide a venue for Canadian librarians who are required to …


The Effects Of Labyrinth Walking In An Academic Library.Pdf, Donna M. Zucker Rn, Phd, Faan, Jeung Choi, Matthew N. Cook, Janet Brennan Croft May 2016

The Effects Of Labyrinth Walking In An Academic Library.Pdf, Donna M. Zucker Rn, Phd, Faan, Jeung Choi, Matthew N. Cook, Janet Brennan Croft

Donna M. Zucker

The purpose of this study was to determine if labyrinth
walking in an academic library would reduce library user stress
and promote relaxation. A non- equivalent control group design
was employed. Systolic blood pressure was significant for time effect
(effect size of .136, and power .721). Pulse rate was significant for
time effect (effect size 0.93, and power .507). Satisfaction survey
results demonstrated increased satisfaction after labyrinth walking.
Data from this pilot will form the basis of a larger scale study to
determine the effect of labyrinth walking on stress particularly in
high-stress learning environments.


Book Reviews: Irwin, J. (2005). The Warehouse Prison: Disposal Of The New Dangerous Class. Los Angeles: Roxbury, Jeffrey W. Cohen May 2016

Book Reviews: Irwin, J. (2005). The Warehouse Prison: Disposal Of The New Dangerous Class. Los Angeles: Roxbury, Jeffrey W. Cohen

Jeff Cohen

No abstract provided.


Examining Strain In A School Context, Daniel R. Lee, Jeffrey W. Cohen May 2016

Examining Strain In A School Context, Daniel R. Lee, Jeffrey W. Cohen

Jeff Cohen

General strain theory has accumulated a considerable amount of empirical support. Many of these assessments have tested the direct relationship that strain has on crime and delinquency. The research presented here examines the relationship between schools and delinquency within a general strain theory perspective. More specifically, this research examines how schools can not only act as a source of an individual's strain and subsequent delinquency but also be a source for mediating or coping with strain and minimizing delinquency. To test the relationship between schools and delinquency, data from the National Educational Longitudinal Survey (NELS:88) are analyzed in a model …


Visions Of Living With Parkinson’S Disease: A Photovoice Study, Melinda Hermanns, Denice B. Greer, Cheryl Cooper May 2016

Visions Of Living With Parkinson’S Disease: A Photovoice Study, Melinda Hermanns, Denice B. Greer, Cheryl Cooper

Melinda Hermanns, PhD, RN, BC, CNE, PN/FCN

The purpose of this study was to explore the illness experience of persons living with Parkinson’s disease. Using the visual elicitation method, Photovoice, we asked participants to take a series of photographs that for them, represented the everyday challenges related to the disease. The photos served as starting and reference points for the individual narratives provided by each participant as they engaged in a follow-up dialogical interview with the researcher. Using thematic analysis of the interview data, the research team, together with the participants, identified one overarching theme, “staying determined,” and five sub-themes “staying active,” “finding purpose and meaning,” “finding …


One Step At A Time: A Journey Of Hope, Inspiration, And Determination, Melinda Hermanns, Barbara K. Haas May 2016

One Step At A Time: A Journey Of Hope, Inspiration, And Determination, Melinda Hermanns, Barbara K. Haas

Melinda Hermanns, PhD, RN, BC, CNE, PN/FCN

Approximately three million persons in the United States face the challenge of living with Parkinson's Disease (PD). In spite of medical and surgical interventions, the disease progresses, resulting in bradykinesia, rigidity and postural instability that impair functional ability and quality of life. The purpose of this case study is to illuminate the impact an exercise program may have on an individual with PD. A single case study design was used to explore the effect of exercise on the quality of life of a 73-year old gentleman with advanced PD. Interviews and field observations of the client, wife, and staff at …


Caregiving: A Qualitative Concept Analysis , Melinda Hermanns, Beth Mastel-Smith May 2016

Caregiving: A Qualitative Concept Analysis , Melinda Hermanns, Beth Mastel-Smith

Melinda Hermanns, PhD, RN, BC, CNE, PN/FCN

A common definition of caregiving does not exist. In an attempt to define the concept of caregiving, the authors used a hybrid qualitative model of concept development to analyze caregiving. The model consists of three phases: (a) theoretical, (b) fieldwork, and (c) analytical. The theoretical phase involves conducting an interdisciplinary literature search, examining existing definitions, and developing a working definition of caregiving. In the fieldwork phase, six participants were interviewed using a structured interview guide. Qualitative data analysis led to the development of two overarching themes: Holistic Care and Someone in Need of Help. Responses from participants were compared to …


A Comparison Of Spatial Learning And Memory Capabilities In Intertidal Gobies, Gemma E. White, Culum Brown May 2016

A Comparison Of Spatial Learning And Memory Capabilities In Intertidal Gobies, Gemma E. White, Culum Brown

Culum Brown, PhD

For the majority of animals, the ability to orient in familiar locations is a fundamental part of life, and spatial memory allows individuals to remember key locations such as food patches, shelter, mating sites or areas regularly occupied by predators. This study determined if gobies collected from rocky platforms and sandy beaches differ in their ability to learn and memorise the locations of tide pools in a simulated rocky intertidal zone. Intertidal rock pool gobies show acute homing abilities and, therefore, should be expected to display superior learning and memory capabilities. In contrast, it is unlikely that natural selection would …


Microhabitat Use Affects Brain Size And Structure In Intertidal Gobies, Gemma E. White, Culum Brown May 2016

Microhabitat Use Affects Brain Size And Structure In Intertidal Gobies, Gemma E. White, Culum Brown

Culum Brown, PhD

The ecological cognition hypothesis poses that the brains and behaviours of individuals are largely shaped by the environments in which they live and the associated challenges they must overcome during their lives. Here we examine the effect of environmental complexity on relative brain size in 4 species of intertidal gobies from differing habitats. Two species were rock pool specialists that lived on spatially complex rocky shores, while the remainder lived on dynamic, but structurally simple, sandy shores. We found that rock pool-dwelling species had relatively larger brains and telencephalons in particular, while sand-dwelling species had a larger optic tectum and …


The Open Source Library: It's Free As In Puppy, Terra Bianchi Gullings, Tiffany Lemaistre, Margo Duncan May 2016

The Open Source Library: It's Free As In Puppy, Terra Bianchi Gullings, Tiffany Lemaistre, Margo Duncan

Terra Gullings

At the University of Texas at Tyler Libraries we went from relying on proprietary software to implementing an open source ILS, ERM, and IR in less than two years. We did this without extra staff, money, or time. We will share our experiences learning from our mistakes and the community.


The Quest For The Holy Grail: Too Many Erm Systems Are Not Enough!, Stephanie P. Hess, Caryl Ward, Margo M. Duncan, Tiffany M. Lemaistre May 2016

The Quest For The Holy Grail: Too Many Erm Systems Are Not Enough!, Stephanie P. Hess, Caryl Ward, Margo M. Duncan, Tiffany M. Lemaistre

Margo Duncan

Combining punctual statistical data compilation, access to real-time order and payment information, and harmonious workflow and reporting tools in one place has long been the Holy Grail for libraries seeking a reliable means for tracking costly electronic resources. This is the tale of two academic libraries that have adopted very different types of electronic resource management systems (ERMS) to attain these goals. This proceeding will provide complementary case studies of the implementation process at Binghamton University where two commercial ERM systems are used, and at The University of Texas at Tyler where an open source ERM is utilized.


Breaking The Cycle Of Maltreatment: The Role Of Safe, Stable, And Nurturing Relationships, Terence P. Thornberry, Kimberly L. Henry, Carolyn A. Smith, Timothy O. Ireland, Sarah J. Greenman, Rosalyn D. Lee May 2016

Breaking The Cycle Of Maltreatment: The Role Of Safe, Stable, And Nurturing Relationships, Terence P. Thornberry, Kimberly L. Henry, Carolyn A. Smith, Timothy O. Ireland, Sarah J. Greenman, Rosalyn D. Lee

Sarah Greenman

Purpose

We examine two research questions. First, does a history of child maltreatment victimization significantly increase the likelihood of maltreatment perpetration during adulthood? Second, do safe, stable, and nurturing relationships (SSNRs) during early adulthood serve as direct protective factors, buffering protective factors, or both to interrupt intergenerational continuity in maltreating behaviors?

Methods

Data come from the Rochester Youth Development Study that followed a community sample from age 14 to 31 with 14 assessments. Maltreatment victimization records covering birth through age 17 were collected from Child Protective Services records as were maltreatment perpetration records from age 21 to 30. Data on …


Influence Of Rock-Pool Characteristics On The Distribution And Abundance Of Inter-Tidal Fishes, Gemma E. White, Grant C. Hose, Culum Brown May 2016

Influence Of Rock-Pool Characteristics On The Distribution And Abundance Of Inter-Tidal Fishes, Gemma E. White, Grant C. Hose, Culum Brown

Culum Brown, PhD

Rock pools can be found in inter-tidal marine environments worldwide; however, there have been few studies exploring what drives their, fish species composition, especially in Australia. The rock-pool environment is highly dynamic and offers a unique natural laboratory to study the habitat choices, physiological limitations and adaptations of inter-tidal fish species. In this study rock pools of the Sydney region were sampled to determine how the physical (volume, depth, rock cover and vertical position) and biological (algal cover and predator presence) parameters of pools influence fish distribution and abundance. A total of 27 fish species representing 14 families was observed …


Personality Affects Learning And Trade-Offs Between Private And Social Information In Guppies, Poecilia Reticulate, Larissa Trompf, Culum Brown May 2016

Personality Affects Learning And Trade-Offs Between Private And Social Information In Guppies, Poecilia Reticulate, Larissa Trompf, Culum Brown

Culum Brown, PhD

The acquisition of information such as the location and quality of food, mates or shelter is a key survival requirement for animals. Individuals can acquire information through personal experience (private information) or through observing and interacting with others (social information). Environmental spatial and temporal heterogeneity can mean that sometimes social information conflicts with private knowledge. We tested how personality affected the importance placed on public versus private information in wild female guppies when these two information sources came into conflict. We found that boldness and sociality affected decisions to use conflicting social and private information. Bolder females used social information …


Grief Is A Journey, Kenneth J. Doka May 2016

Grief Is A Journey, Kenneth J. Doka

Kenneth J. Doka

No abstract provided.


Academic Librarian Research: An Update To A Survey Of Attitudes, Involvement, And Perceived Capabilities, Kristine R. Brancolini, Marie R. Kennedy May 2016

Academic Librarian Research: An Update To A Survey Of Attitudes, Involvement, And Perceived Capabilities, Kristine R. Brancolini, Marie R. Kennedy

Kristine R. Brancolini

This presentation updates a 2010 survey of academic librarians about their attitudes, involvement, and perceived capabilities utilizing and engaging in research. The purpose of the 2010 survey was to inform the development of a continuing education program in research design, which became the grant-funded project Institute for Research Design in Librarianship (2013-2016).  The 2010 survey introduced a research self-efficacy scale designed to measure the relationship between confidence and research success.  This scale provided new insights regarding how prepared librarians believe themselves to be with regard to conducting research.  The current study re-examines a number of the individual attributes and institutional …


Understanding Psychotic Speech: Beyond Freud And Chomsky, Elaine Chaika May 2016

Understanding Psychotic Speech: Beyond Freud And Chomsky, Elaine Chaika

Elaine Chaika

No abstract provided.