Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Glass Formation In A (Ti,Zr,Hf)-(Cu,Ni,Ag)-Al High-Order Alloy System By Mechanical Alloying, L C. Zhang, Z Q. Shen, Jian Xu

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

In this work, glass formation under high-energy ball milling was investigated for a (Ti_0.33Zr_0.33Hf_0.33)₅₀(Ni_0.33Cu_0.33Ag_0.33)₄₀Al₁₀ high-order alloy system with equiatomic substitution for early and late transition-metal contents. For comparison, an amorphous alloy ribbon with the same composition was prepared using the melt-spinning method as well. Structural features of the samples were characterized using x-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry. Mechanical alloying resulted in a glassy alloy similar to that obtained by melt spinning. However, the glass formation was incomplete, and a …

Representations Of Cuntz-Pimsner Algebras, Neal J. Fowler, Paul S. Muhly, Iain Raeburn

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

Let X be a Hilbert bimodule over a C * -algebra A. We analyse the structure of the associated Cuntz-Pimsner algebra _X and related algebras using representation-theoretic methods. In particular, we study the ideals (I) in _X induced by appropriately invariant ideals I in A, and identify the quotients _X/(I) as relative Cuntz-Pimsner algebras of Muhly and Solel. We also prove a gauge-invariant uniqueness theorem for _X, and investigate the relationship between _X and an alternative model proposed by Doplicher, Pinzari and Zuccante.

Delta-Ferrite Recovery Structures In Low-Carbon Steels, Rian Dippenaar, Dominic Phelan

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

The development of delta-ferrite recovery substructures in low-carbon steels has been observed in-situ utilizing laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM). Well-developed sub-boundaries with interfacial energies much smaller than that of delta-ferrite grain boundaries formed following transformation from austenite to delta-ferrite on heating. It is proposed that transformation stresses associated with the austenite to delta-ferrite phase transformation generate dislocations that subsequently recover into sub-boundaries by a process of polygonization. Experimental evidence in support of this proposal was found in a ferritic stainless steel. Thermal cycling through the high-temperature delta-ferrite/austenite/delta-ferrite phase transformation leads to the development of a well-defined recovery substructure, which, in …

Detection Of Carbon Monoxide Within The Magellanic Bridge, E Muller, L Staveley-Smith, William Zealey

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

The Mopra 22-m and SEST 15-m telescopes have been used to detect and partially map a region of ¹²CO(1-0) line emission within the Magellanic Bridge, a region lying between the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds (LMC and SMC, respectively). The emission appears to be embedded in a cloud of neutral hydrogen, and is in the vicinity of an IRAS source. The CO emission region is found to have a 60 μm/100 μm flux density ratio typical for ¹²CO(1-0) detections within the SMC, although it has a significantly lower ¹²CO brightness and velocity width. These suggest that the …

High-Resolution Hi Observations Of The Western Magellanic Bridge, E Muller, L Staveley-Smith, William Zealey, S Stanimirovic

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

The 21-cm line emission from a 7 × 6 deg² region east of and adjoining the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) has been observed with the Australia Telescope Compact Array and the Parkes telescopes. This region represents the westernmost part of the Magellanic Bridge, a gas-rich tail extending ∼14° to the Large Magellanic Cloud. A rich and complex neutral hydrogen (H i) structure containing shells, bubbles and filaments is revealed. On the larger scale, the H i of the Bridge is organized into two velocity components. This bimodality, which appears to originate in the SMC, converges to a single velocity …

Bounds For The Best Constant In An Improved Hardy-Sobolev Inequality, Nirmalendu Chaudhuri

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

No abstract provided.

Visual Search For Faces (Revisited): Orientation, Identity & Faceness., Darren Burke, Simone K. Favelle, William Hayward

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

No abstract provided.

Childhood Tetanus In Australia: Ethical Issues For A Should-Be-Forgotten Preventable Disease, Paul N. Goldwater, Annette J. Braunack-Mayer, Richard G. Power, Paul H. Henning, M S. Gold, Terence G. Donald, Jon N. Jureidini, Christine F. Finlay

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

• Refusal of a parent to have a child vaccinated against tetanus raised ethical issues for the treating clinicians.

• The clinicians felt their duty to the child was compromised, but recognised that our society leaves the authority for such decisions with the parents.

• As there was no reason, other than different beliefs about vaccination, to doubt the parent's care for the child, the clinicians limited their response to providing strong recommendations in favour of vaccination.

• Other issues raised by this case include community protection, and the costs to the community of treating a vaccine-preventable disease.

Pre-School Experience And Cognitive Development At The End Of Year 1, Louise Quinn, Edward Melhuish, Kathy Sylva, Pam Sammons, Iram Siraj-Blatchford, Brenda Taggart, Karen Hanna, Graham Sweeney

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

This longitudinal study assesses the attainment and development of children followed between the ages of 3 and 7 years. Over 700 children were recruited to the study during 1998 and 1999 from 80 pre-school centres. Both qualitative and quantitative methods (including multilevel modelling) are used to explore the effects of pre-school experience on children's cognitive attainment and social/behavioural development at entry to school and any continuing effects on such outcomes up to 7 years of age. In addition to the effects of preschool experience, the study investigates the contribution to children's development of individual and family characteristics such as gender, …

A Literature Review On The International State Of Knowledge Of Drug Testing At Work, With Particular Reference To The U.S, Peter Francis, Natalia K. Hanley, David Wray

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Over the last forty years there has been a substantial growth in workforce drug testing. Most notably, this proliferation has occurred across U.S. industry and federal organisations. Developments in the U.S. have become the catalyst for an international debate on the issue of substance use in the workplace and ways of responding to it.

Teaching As A Craft: Making Links Between Pre-Service Training And Professional Practice, Lisa Kervin, Jan Turbill

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

It is acknowledged in the literature and in professional practice that there are "gaps" between the theory of pre-service teacher education and the realities of classroom practice. The report from the 2002 National Meeting of Professional Educators identified tensions between theory and practice and suggested that teachers were "living these out in everyday learning environments" as a "creative tension" (Cumming, 2002, p. 3). We believe the challenge for teacher educators is to assist beginning teachers in making links between pedagogical theory they have accrued in their pre-service training and practice they are attempting to put into place in their classrooms. …

"Social Drivers" As Predictors Of Yoghurt Consumption In China, A Lowe, Anthony Worsley

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

A survey of yoghurt consumption by female consumers in Beijing showed 42% consuming often, 26% occasionally and 32% never. Consumers were generally younger and more driven by materialistic values than non-consumers. "Social drivers" are presented as a 1001 for marketers to predict the use of consumer products.

Schema Construction Among Pre-Service Teachers And The Use Of It In Mathematics Teaching: A Case Study, Mohan Chinnappan

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Recent developments about cognitions underlying mathematical learning are beginning to suggest that the activation and appropriate use of prior knowledge by students is, to a large measure, controlled by the quality of organisation of that knowledge. Thus, teaching needs to support the construction of well-connected mathematical knowledge. An important assumption here is that teachers need to construct a repertoire of subject-matter knowledge that is rich and well connected before they can help their students build similar mathematical knowledge. Thus, mathematics knowledge building is an important issue in teacher preparation programs. This paper reports on a study about the knowledge state …

New Zealanders' Attitudes To Milk: Implications For Public Health, Carol A. Wham, Anthony Worsley

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Objective: To identify consumer attitudes and beliefs about (liquid) milk that may be barriers to consumption.

Design: Two random-quota telephone surveys conducted in Auckland one year apart. Respondents were questioned about their usual milk intake and their attitudes to milk. The questionnaire included attitude items that reflected the main themes of consumer interest in milk.

Setting: New Zealand.

Subjects: Seven hundred and thirteen respondents in the baseline survey and a separate sample of 719 respondents in the follow-up survey.

Results: At least one-third of the respondents consumed less than a glass (250ml) of milk a day. Non-consumption was highest in …

A Comparative Analysis Of Indigenous Peoples' Interests And National Park Issues In Arctic Sweden, Michael J. Adams

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Despite a number of high-profile joint-managed national parks, in Australia there are substantial unresolved issues between indigenous interests and conservation agencies. Conservation agencies have done little comparative international research. This period of Fellowship travel was to commence international field research on comparative analyses of indigenous peoples' interests and national park issues. The focus was investigation and analysis of the Swedish environment agency's policy history and outcomes concerning Saami people's [indigenous Scandinavians] use of national parks in the Laponia World Heritage Area for reindeer herding, hunting and gathering, and other cultural activities. Sweden has a highly comparable economic and social profile …

Bootstrapping Svm Active Learning By Incorporating Unlabelled Images For Image Retrieval, Lei Wang, Kap Luk Chan, Zhihua Zhang

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

The performance of image retrieval with SVM active learning is known to be poor when started with few labelled images only. In this paper, the problem is solved by incorporating the unlabelled images into the bootstrapping of the learning process. In this work, the initial SVM classifier is trained with the few labelled images and the unlabelled images randomly selected from the image database. Both theoretical analysis and experimental results show that by incorporating unlabelled images in the bootstrapping, the efficiency of SVM active learning can be improved, and thus improves the overall retrieval performance.

Australian Online Supermarket Usability, Mark Freeman, Peter N. Hyland, Jeffrey Soar

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

The issue of usability plays a vital role in the success of an online store. However, to date there has been limited published research into this issue and there has been no research conducted into multiple item purchasing. There is much competition in the grocery shopping industry between the two major physical supermarket chains in Australia, Woolworths and Coles, both in traditional stores and online. Online, the major competitor is ShopFast, which does not have a traditional supermarket storefront to complement its online operations. The purpose of this study was to conduct a comparative analysis into the usability of ordering …

Behavioural Market Segments Among Surf Tourists - Investigating Past Destination Choice, Sara Dolnicar, M. Fluker

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

Surf tourism is of major importance to the tourism industry. Nevertheless, very few investigations of the surf tourism market exist. This paper extends the work by Fluker (2003) and Dolnicar and Fluker (2003) by investigating surf tourists from a behavioural perspective with the main aim of the study being to gain an insight into the travel patterns of the surf tourism market. This is achieved in an empirical way by using unsupervised neural networks to partition a group of surfers into homogeneous segments based on their past surf destination choice. This binary information was gathered by means of an online …

Learning By Simulation-Computer Simulations For Strategic Management Decision Support In Tourism, C. Buchta, Sara Dolnicar

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

This paper describes the use of corporate decision and strategy simulations as a decision-support instrument under varying market conditions in the tourism industry. It goes on to illustrate this use of simulations with an experiment which investigates how successful different market segmentation approaches are in destination management. The experiment assumes a competitive environment and various cycle-length conditions with regard to budget and strategic planning. Computer simulations prove to be a useful management tool, allowing customized experiments which provide insight into the functioning of the market and therefore represent an interesting tool for managerial decision support. The main drawback is the …

From Integration To Transformation, J. Skillen, B. James, Alisa Percy, H. Tootell, H. J. Irvine

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

The integration of instruction about academic skills into subject curricula has become widely recognised as an effective means of teaching students about discipline-specific academic skills; however, integration can achieve much more than this. It can involve the learning developers and discipline teaching team in collaborations that lead to such things as a rethinking of assessment types and assignment tasks, staging of assignment tasks, revision of assignment questions, redevelopment of marking criteria, provision of marking workshops for the teaching team, the development of staff marking handbooks and more specific instruction focussed on learning strategies. When integration involves this amount of redevelopment, …

Using Cluster Analysis For Market Segmentation - Typical Misconceptions, Established Methodological Weaknesses And Some Recommendations For Improvement, Sara Dolnicar

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

Despite the wide variety of techniques available for grouping individuals into market segments on the basis of multivariate survey information, clustering remains the most popular and most widely applied method. Nevertheless, a review of the application of such data-driven partitioning techniques reveals that questionable standards have emerged. For instance, the exploratory nature of partitioning techniques is typically not accounted for, crucial parameters of the algorithms used are ignored, thus leading to a dangerous black-box approach, where the reasons for particular results are not fully understood, pre-processing techniques are applied uncritically leading to segmentation solutions in an unnecessarily transformed data space, …

The Use Of Personality Typing In Organizational Change: Discourse, Emotions & The Reflexive Subject, Karin Garrety, R Badham, V. Morrigan, W. Rifkin, M. Zanko

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

This article is based on a study of an organizational change program that sought to alter employees’ self-perceptions, emotions and behavior through the use of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator, a popular personality-typing tool. The program affords an opportunity to explore the various ways in which discourses advocating personal and organizational change work through employees’ subjectivity.We argue that theoretical approaches that view the targets of such programs as passive – as either ‘colonized’ or constructed by discourses – fail to capture the complex and contradictory nature of organizational control, and subjects’ changing positions within it. Drawing on symbolic interactionism, we argue …

Designer Deviance: Enterprise And Deviance In Cultural Change Programs, R Badham, Karin Garrety, V. Morrigan, M. Zanko, Patrick Dawson

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

This article explores the value of investigating cultural change programmes as exercises in engineering deviance. It does so through a case study of an organizational development cultural change programme at Sprogwheels, a large Australian corporation. Drawing on and extending the classic work of Becker (1966), the article details how the programme combined a moral crusade against what it sought to have labelled as the ‘deviant conservatism’ of the existing organizational culture with social support for ‘deviant radicalism’, in the form of a counter-cultural, self-enterprising set of middle managers promoting corporate change. The article explores the complex and contradictory ideas of …

Are Part-Time Workers Poor?, Joan R. Rodgers

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

The proportion of Australian workers who are employed on a part-time basis has almost trebled in the last thirty years to reach its current level of 28 percent. Part-time work is one type of ‘non-standard’ employment that is viewed with concern for it is alleged that parttime jobs provide a low standard of living for those employed in them. This paper focuses upon an extreme version of that concern: the incidence of poverty among part-time workers. Unit-record data are used to compare the poverty rates of part-time workers with those of full-time workers, the unemployed and people not in the …

Who’S Riding The Wave? An Investigation Into Demographic And Psychographic Characteristics Of Surf Tourists, Sara Dolnicar, M. Fluker

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

Surfing has grown from its beginnings as a western civilisation sport in the early 1900’s to a stage where it is now an industry worth an estimated $8 billion dollars and involves surfers travelling to both domestic and international destinations as surf tourists. However, there is a dearth of empirical academic research that has been conducted into this segment of the sports tourism market. This study makes a contribution towards understanding surf tourism behaviour by analysing the demographic and psychographic characteristics of 430 surf tourists. The most lucrative segments of the five identified, from the tour operators perspective, are the …

Evaluating Geographical Target Markets – An Aggregated Portfolio Approach For Improved Managerial Decision- Making, Sara Dolnicar, K. Grabler

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

Lower Austria is one of nine Austrian provinces. It is therefore responsible for the selection of the geographical target markets in tourism. This task seems simple at first, but turns out to be quite complex due to enormous uncertainties, as earlier publications demonstrated (Mazanec, 1986a and b). This article (1) proposes a practical solution for the theoretical problems of defining markets and choosing the time period, and (2) provides an analytical basis for the RTO (regional tourism organisation) of Lower Austria in focusing on particular geographical target markets.

Which Hotel Attributes Matter? A Review Of Previous And A Framework For Future Research, Sara Dolnicar, T. Otter

Faculty of Commerce - Papers (Archive)

A lot of effort has been made in the last decades to reveal, which hotel attributes guest care about. Due to the high costs that are typically involved with investments in the hotel industry, it makes a lot of sense to study, which product components the travellers appreciate. This study reveals that hotel attribute research turns out to be a wide and extremely heterogeneous field of research. The authors review empirical studies investigating the importance of hotel attributes, provide attribute rankings and suggest a framework for past and future research projects in the field, based on the dimensions “focus of …

Collaborative Design Projects: Evaluating Students' Online Discussions, S. R. Lambert

Senior Deputy Vice-Chancellor and Deputy Vice-Chancellor (Education) - Papers

This paper reports on the author’s work to evaluate student online discussion, a learning tool used in a face-to-face graphic design subject centred around a collaborative design project. A modified teaching and learning model with new online resources was trialled with approx 45 undergraduate design students in session 1 of 2003. The 4 students in each project team were allocated a specific role based on contemporary design studio practice. An online discussion space was set up for each project team. A number of evaluation techniques were used including a content analysis of online discussion postings on which this paper focuses. …

Integrating Tertiary Literacy Into The Curriculum: Effects On Performance And Retention, Gregory R. Hampton, Janice Skillen, Alice W. Russell, Sharon A. Robinson, Louise Rodgerson, Neil Trivitt

Senior Deputy Vice-Chancellor and Deputy Vice-Chancellor (Education) - Papers

Tertiary literacy instruction and assessment were introduced into two first year biology subjects as part of a collaboration between Biological Sciences and Learning Development staff at the University of Wollongong. In both subjects, the project focussed on scientific report assessment items based on aspects of the practical curriculum. The project involved production and use of a web site giving instruction in report writing and general guidance on scientific writing, marking schemes using explicit criteria including literacy based criteria, a peer marking tutorial, and marking and feedback using the schemes. The results from assessments in the second subject, which included the …

Local Compactness In Free Topological Groups, Peter Nickolas, Mikhail Tkachenko

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

We show that the subspace A_n(X) of the free Abelian topological group A(X) on a Tychonoff space X is locally compact for each n ω if and only if A₂(X) is locally compact if an only if F₂(X) is locally compact if and only if X is the topological sum of a compact space and a discrete space. It is also proved that the subspace F_n(X) of the free topological group F(X) is locally compact for each n …