Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Managing Open Innovation: An Exploration Of Information Technologies And Open Search Patterns, Tingru Cui, Na Liu

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

No abstract provided.

Distributed Strain Measurement Using Fibre Optics In A High Performance Composite Hydrofoil, Phyo Maung, Gangadhara B. Prusty, Ginu Rajan, Enbang Li, Andrew W. Phillips, Nigel St John

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

With rapidly advancing composite manufacturing industry in recent years, advanced composites have become favourable alternative materials to conventional alloys in marine propeller production. However, composite structures are very susceptible to failure and thus strain monitoring in multiple locations throughout the structure will be essential to prevent catastrophic failure. In this experiment, composite hydrofoil was manufactured using resin transfer moulding (RTM) and embedded with a standard single mode optical fibre along the trailing and leading edges for distributed strain sensing. Distributed sensing with continuous fibre can be implemented in complex composite structures such as a high performance composite hydrofoil or propeller …

R Package Asmap: Efficient Genetic Linkage Map Construction And Diagnosis, J D. Taylor, David G. Butler

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Although various forms of linkage map construction software are widely available, there is a distinct lack of packages for use in the R statistical computing environment (R Core Team 2017). This article introduces the ASMap linkage map construction R package which contains functions that use the efficient MSTmap algorithm (Wu, Bhat, Close, and Lonardi 2008) for clustering and optimally ordering large sets of markers. Additional to the construction functions, the package also contains a suite of tools to assist in the rapid diagnosis and repair of a constructed linkage map. The package functions can also be used for post linkage …

Effects Of Surface Preparation On Tribological Behaviour Of A Ferritic Stainless Steel In Hot Rolling, Xiawei Cheng, Zhengyi Jiang, Dongbin Wei, Liang Hao, Hui Wu, Wenzhen Xia, Xin Zhang, Suzhen Luo, Laizhu Jiang

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Some defects on the surface of carbon steel do not need to be removed before hot rolling because the surface will be vigorously oxidised in a reheating environment. Thus the defects can be minimised by oxidising and then removed by the de-scaling process. The defects on the surface of ferritic stainless steels, however, are not easily removed by oxidation when a high chromium concentration is used. In this paper, a ferritic stainless steel grade 445 was selected as a research material. The effects of different surface features on oxidation and tribological behaviour in the hot rolling process were investigated. Three …

Groundwater Impact Of Open Cut Coal Mine And An Assessment Methodology: A Case Study In Nsw, Liang Zhao, Ting X. Ren, Ningbo Wang

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Large scale open cut coal mining operations have significant impacts to groundwater in surrounding areas in both active and post-mining phases. The prediction of water inflows into a surface mine excavation is one of the many components involved in mine design phase. Groundwater performance also reacts to mining activities from the operational, economic and safety implications perspective. Under NSW planning legislation, as part of the comprehensive risk assessment, a groundwater impact assessment has to be conducted for a coal project to predict and mitigate the impacts in consideration of the government requirements. In this paper, the groundwater assessment modelling of …

Assessment Of Natural Ventilation Potential For Residential Buildings Across Different Climate Zones In Australia, Zijing Tan, Xiang Deng

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

In this study, the natural ventilation potential of residential buildings was numerically investigated based on a typical single-story house in the three most populous climate zones in Australia. Simulations using the commercial simulation software TRNSYS (Transient System Simulation Tool) were performed for all seasons in three representative cities, i.e., Darwin for the hot humid summer and warm winter zone, Sydney for the mild temperate zone, and Melbourne for the cool temperate zone. A natural ventilation control strategy was generated by the rule-based decision-tree method based on the local climates. Natural ventilation hour (NVH) and satisfied natural ventilation hour (SNVH) were …

Identification Of Ballast Grading For Rail Track, Yifei Sun, Chen Chen, Sanjay Nimbalkar

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Grading has long been recognised to critically influence the mechanical behaviour of ballast. To identify the ballast grading for heavy-haul rail track, monotonic and cyclic triaxial tests are conducted to assess the performances of different gradings. Permanent deformations, aggregates degradation, resilience, shear resistance, maximum and minimum densities are recorded and analysed. The grading is found to affect the behaviour of ballast in that coarser gradings exhibit relatively better strength, resilience and therefore less permanent deformation. However, ballast degradation increases with the overall aggregate size. Therefore, to identify the grading for ballast with different performance objectives, a grey relational theory is …

Automatic Affect Perception Based On Body Gait And Posture: A Survey, Benjamin Stephens-Fripp, Fazel Naghdy, David Stirling, Golshah Naghdy

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

There has been a growing interest in machine-based recognition of emotions from body gait and its combination with other modalities. In order to highlight the major trends and state of the art in this area, the literature dealing with machine-based human emotion perception through gait and posture is explored. Initially the effectiveness of human intellect and intuition in perceiving emotions in a range of cultures is examined. Subsequently, major studies in machine-based affect recognition are reviewed and their performance is compared. The survey concludes by critically analysing some of the issues raised in affect recognition using gait and posture, and …

Study Of Micro Hydromechanical Deep Drawing Of Sus304 Circular Cups By An Ale Model, Liang Luo, Dongbin Wei, Zhengyi Jiang, Cunlong Zhou, Qingxue Huang, Zhichao Huang

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Accurate estimation of hydraulic pressure on the blank is important for micro hydromechanical deep drawing simulation. An Arbitrary Lagrange Eulerian (ALE) simulation model that considers strong fluid-solid interaction (FSI) was generated to accurately predict the hydraulic pressure on the blank. The changeable pressure significantly affects the drawn cup's quality regarding wall thickness. Both the minimum and the maximum wall thicknesses in the ALE model are significantly different from that in a conventional model with a simple pressure load. The relationship between the maximum thickness and the hydraulic pressure in the ALE model is similar to that from the experimental results …

Estimating The Atmospheric Concentration Of Criegee Intermediates And Their Possible Interference In A Fage-Lif Instrument, A Novelli, K Hens, C. Tatum Ernest, M Martinez, A C. Nolscher, V Sinha, P Paasonen, T Petaja, M Sipila, T Elste, Dagmar C. Kubistin

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

We analysed the extensive dataset from the HUMPPA-COPEC 2010 and the HOPE 2012 field campaigns in the boreal forest and rural environments of Finland and Germany, respectively, and estimated the abundance of stabilised Criegee intermediates (SCIs) in the lower troposphere. Based on laboratory tests, we propose that the background OH signal observed in our IPI-LIF-FAGE instrument during the aforementioned campaigns is caused at least partially by SCIs. This hypothesis is based on observed correlations with temperature and with concentrations of unsaturated volatile organic compounds and ozone. Just like SCIs, the background OH concentration can be removed through the addition of …

Intraocular Pressure And Cerebral Oxygenation During Prolonged Headward Acceleration, Ola Eiken, Michail E. Keramidas, Nigel A.S. Taylor, Mikael Gronkvist

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Purpose Supra-tolerance head-to-foot directed gravitoinertial load (+Gz) typically induces a sequence of symptoms/ signs, including loss of: peripheral vision—central vision— consciousness. The risk of unconsciousness is greater when anti-G-garment failure occurs after prolonged rather than brief exposures, presumably because, in the former condition, mental signs are not consistently preceded by impaired vision. The aims were to investigate if prolonged exposure to moderately elevated +Gz reduces intraocular pressure (IOP; i.e., improves provisions for retinal perfusion), or the cerebral anoxia reserve. Methods Subjects were exposed to 4-min +Gz plateaux either at 2 and 3 G (n = 10), or at 4 and …

Friday Essay: When Did Australia's Human History Begin?, Billy Griffiths, Lynette Russell, Richard G. Roberts

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

In July, a new date was published that pushed the opening chapters of Australian history back to 65,000 years ago. It is the latest development in a time revolution that has gripped the nation over the past half century. In the 1950s, it was widely believed that the first Australians had arrived on this continent only a few thousand years earlier. They were regarded as "primitive" - a fossilised stage in human evolution - but not necessarily ancient. In the decades since, Indigenous history has been pushed back into the dizzying expanse of deep time. While people have lived in …

Study Of The Footprints Of Short-Term Variation In Xco2 Observed By Tccon Sites Using Nies And Flexpart Atmospheric Transport Models, Dmitry Belikov, Shamil Maksyutov, Alexander Ganshin, Ruslan Zhuravlev, Nicholas M. Deutscher, Debra Wunch, Dietrich G. Feist, Isamu Morino, Robert J. Parker, Kimberly Strong, Yukio Yoshida, Andrey Bril, Sergey Oshchepkov, Hartmut Boesch, Manvendra K. Dubey, David W. T Griffith, Will Hewson, Rigel Kivi, Joseph Mendonca, Justus Notholt, Matthias Schneider, Ralf Sussmann, Voltaire A. Velazco, Shuji Aoki

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

The Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON) is a network of ground-based Fourier transform spectrometers (FTSs) that record near-infrared (NIR) spectra of the sun. From these spectra, accurate and precise observations of CO2 column-averaged dry-air mole fractions (denoted XCO2) are retrieved. TCCON FTS observations have previously been used to validate satellite estimations of XCO2; however, our knowledge of the short-term spatial and temporal variations in XCO2 surrounding the TCCON sites is limited. In this work, we use the National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES) Eulerian three-dimensional transport model and the FLEXPART (FLEXible PARTicle dispersion model) Lagrangian particle dispersion model (LPDM) …

Initial Micromorphological Results From Liang Bua, Flores (Indonesia): Site Formation Processes And Hominin Activities At The Type Locality Of Homo Floresiensis, Mike W. Morley, Paul Goldberg, Thomas Sutikna, Matthew W. Tocheri, Linda C. Prinsloo, - Jatmiko, E Wahyu Saptomo, Sri Wasisto, Richard G. Roberts

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Liang Bua, a karstic cave located on the island of Flores in eastern Indonesia, is best known for yielding the holotype of the diminutive hominin Homo floresiensis from Late Pleistocene sediments. Modern human remains have also been recovered from the Holocene deposits, and abundant archaeological and faunal remains occur throughout the sequence. The cave, the catchment in which it is located and the gross aggradational phases of the sediment sequence have all been subject to a great deal of scientific scrutiny since the discovery of the holotype of H. floresiensis in 2003. A recent program of geoarchaeological research has extended …

A Grounded Theory Study Of Thai Family Caregiving Process For Relatives With First Episode Psychosis, Wilai Napa, Patraporn Tungpunkom, Hunsa Sethabouppha, Areewan Klunklin, Ritin S. Fernandez

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

This grounded theory study explored the family caregiving process for relatives with first-episode psychosis related to schizophrenia spectrum disorders. The study was conducted during May 2013-March 2014 in lower northeastern region of Thailand using semi-structured interviews and observations, and involved 31 participants from 18 Thai families. The data were analyzed by using Strauss and Corbin's constant comparative method until theoretical saturation was achieved.

The core category emerging from the data was Balancing family life, which consisted of three phases: 1) Communicating to gain support and understanding, 2) Capturing solution, and 3) Engaging in the family caregiving role. To keep balance …

Assessing The Efficacy Of Communication Interventions For Shifting Public Perceptions Of Park Benefits, Betty Weiler, Brent Moyle, Isabelle D. Wolf, Kelly De Bie, Monica Torland

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

One way national parks can sustain their societal relevance and ensure ongoing political and community support is through conscious and deliberate repositioning. This study investigates the potential for psychologically repositioning national parks using persuasive communication designed to shift public perceptions of the benefits of visitor experiences in parks. The experimental communication interventions were selected to target benefits where gaps were identified between the perceptions of park managers and the parks' constituent publics. Using a pre-post design on 1,055 respondents split evenly across two Australian states, the experiment revealed that the website and the video used as interventions were highly effective …

A Secondary Mathematics Teacher's Perceptions Of Her Initial Attempts At Utilising Whiteboarding In Her Classes, Patricia A. Forrester, Carolyn Mcphail, Suellen L. Denny

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Excellent mathematics teachers establish learning environments that encourage students to actively engage with mathematics and foster co-operative and collaborative learning. Whiteboarding, using an erasable surface on which to work and share ideas, has been shown to increase student engagement, collaboration, and higher-order thinking. We report on one teacher's experiences as she introduces whiteboarding into her secondary mathematics classroom. The teacher reports increased student confidence and collaboration and we see a shift in her focus from concerns about classroom management, to a passionate recommendation to use whiteboarding in mathematics instruction.

The Method Of Educational Assessment Affects Children's Neural Processing And Performance: Behavioural And Fmri Evidence, Steven J. Howard, H Burianova, Alysha Calleia, Samuel Fynes-Clinton, Lisa K. Kervin, Sahar Bokosmaty

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Standardised educational assessments are now widespread, yet their development has given comparatively more consideration to what to assess than how to optimally assess students' competencies. Existing evidence from behavioural studies with children and neuroscience studies with adults suggest that the method of assessment may affect neural processing and performance, but current evidence remains limited. To investigate the impact of assessment methods on neural processing and performance in young children, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging to identify and quantify the neural correlates during performance across a range of current approaches to standardised spelling assessment. Results indicated that children's test performance …

Inhibition Of Retrieval In Hypnotic Amnesia: Dissociation By Upper-Alpha Gating, Graham A. Jamieson, Marios D. Kittenis, Ruxandra I. Tivadar, Ian Evans

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Hypnotic amnesia is a functional dissociation from awareness during which information from specific neural processes is unavailable to consciousness. We test the proposal that changes in topographic patterns of cortical oscillations in upper-alpha (10–12 Hz) band selectively inhibit the recall of memories during hypnotic amnesia by blocking availability of locally processed information at specific points in retrieval. Participants were prescreened for high or low hypnotic susceptibility. Following hypnotic induction, participants were presented with a series of 60 face stimuli and were required to identify affective expressions. Participants received a suggestion for amnesia for these faces. They were then presented with …

Patient, Oncologist And Gp Views About Cancer Follow-Up Care In General Practice, Heike Schutze, Melvin Chin, David Weller, Sue Suchy, Mark Fort Harris

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Abstract presented at the 2nd International Conference on General Practice & Primary Care, 18-19 September 2017, Zurich, Switzerland

Rediscovering Why I Do What I Do: The Benefits Of Explaining Ergonomics To Researchers From Different Disciplines - A Personal Reflection On A Phd Journey, Alison F. Bell

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Abstract presented at the HFESA 52nd Annual Conference, 26-29 November 2017, Wollongong, Australia

Dirty Ecologies: The Black Marlin In Allens Creek, Michael J. Adams

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

The shaky video shows the arc of its tail scything through brown water as the Black Marlin swims through the creek, hunting bream and tailor. The phone camera pans around and the built structures of the Port Kembla steelworks frame the scene, heavy trucks rolling over a concrete bridge, smokestacks and factories crowding the landscape. The most polluted creek in the Illawarra region of south-east Australia, Allens Creek flows through the steelworks, its banks lined with concrete and weeds, its waters littered with plastic, broken glass and rusting steel. Recently steelworkers watched amazed as that Black Marlin hunted in the …

An Exploration Of Smoking Among People Attending Residential Substance Abuse Treatment: Prevalence And Outcomes At Three Months Post-Discharge, Isabella Ingram, Peter James Kelly, Frank P. Deane, Amanda Baker, Geoffrey C. Lyons, Russell J. Blackman

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Smoking continues to be a major health concern for people with a history of alcohol or other substance use problems. The current research is aimed to (a) describe the prevalence of smoking in residential addictions treatment services and (2) compare characteristics of people who had or had not quit smoking. Methods: Participants were attending residential substance abuse treatment provided by the Australian Salvation Army. These programs are up to 10 months in length and offer a range of low-intensity smoking cessation supports. Measures of smoking, substance use, and clinical characteristics were collected from 2008 to 2015 at baseline and three …

Performing Under Pressure: Exploring The Psychological State Underlying Clutch Performance In Sport, Christian F. Swann, Lee Crust, Patricia C. Jackman, Stewart A. Vella, Mark S. Allen, Richard J. Keegan

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Clutch performance is improved performance under pressure. However little research has examined the psychological state experienced by athletes in these situations. Therefore, this study qualitatively examined the subjective experience underlying clutch performance across a range of sports (e.g., team, individual) and standards (Olympic to recreational athletes). Sixteen athletes (Mage = 27.08 years; SD = 6.48) took part in in-depth, semi-structured interviews primarily after an exceptional performance (M = 4.38 days later; SD = 3.14). Data were analysed inductively and thematically. Clutch states involved 12 characteristics, including heightened and deliberate concentration, intense effort, and heightened awareness, which distinguished the experience of …

Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior And Their Correlates In Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Review, Rachel A. Jones, Katherine Downing, Nicole Rinehart, Lisa M. Barnett, Tamara May, Jane Mcgillivray, Nicole Papadopoulos, Helen Skouteris, Anna Timperio, Trina Hinkley

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Autism Spectrum Disorder affects up to 2.5% of children and is associated with harmful health outcomes (e.g. obesity). Low levels of physical activity and high levels of sedentary behaviors may contribute to harmful health outcomes. To systematically review the prevalence and correlates of physical activity and sedentary behaviors in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder, electronic databases (PsycINFO, SPORTDiscus, EMBASE, Medline) were searched from inception to November 2015. The review was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42014013849). Peer-reviewed, English language studies were included. Two reviewers screened potentially relevant articles. Outcomes of interest were physical activity and sedentary behaviour levels and their potential correlates. …

Effects Of Integrating Physical Activities Into A Science Lesson On Preschool Children's Learning And Enjoyment, Myrto F. Mavilidi, Anthony D. Okely, Paul A. Chandler, Fred Paas

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

This study investigated the effects of physical activities that were integrated into a science lesson on learning among preschool children. A total of 90 children from seven childcare centres (Mage = 4.90, SD = 0.52; 45 girls) were randomly assigned across an integrated physical activity condition including task-relevant physical activities, a nonintegrated physical activity condition involving task-irrelevant physical activities, or a control condition involving the predominantly conventional sedentary style of teaching. Children learned the names of the planets and their order, based on the distance from the sun. For both the immediate and delayed (6 weeks after the programme) assessments, …

Enhancing The Effectiveness Of Early Childhood Educators And Researchers Working Together To Achieve Common Aims, Rachel A. Jones, Fay L. Gowers, Rebecca M. Stanley, Anthony D. Okely

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

THE EARLY CHILDHOOD SECTOR within Australia has experienced significant changes over the past decade. During this period the quantity of early childhood research has also escalated. However, educators continue to remain cautious about the value of research as it is currently operationalised and its potential application. Establishing collaborative relationships between researchers and educators could be beneficial in ensuring research is conducted and applied as intended within the ECEC setting. The aim of this paper is to share four key lessons learnt from a professional collaboration that was established between researchers and educators within New South Wales, Australia. The paper highlights …

Making Versus Observing Manipulations Of Geometric Properties Of Triangles To Learn Geometry Using Dynamic Geometry Software, Sahar Bokosmaty, Myrto F. Mavilidi, Fred Paas

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Human movement has been found to have positive effects on learning performance. This study examined the effects of using Dynamic Geometry Software (DGS) CABRI to manipulate geometric properties of triangles or observing those manipulations made by an instructor on learning geometric properties with DGS-CABRI. Participants were 60 year 5 students, who received instructions on geometric problems and were randomly assigned to three conditions: A condition in which they performed mouse movements to manipulate geometric properties of triangles, a condition in which they observed the teacher performing those manipulations, and a conventional condition in which they studied a static format of …

The Denial Of Nature: Environmental Philosophy In The Era Of Global Capitalism, Noel Castree

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Book review of: The denial of nature: environmental philosophy in the era of global capitalism, by Arne Johan Vetlesen, London, Routledge, 2015, xi + 223 pp., ISBN: 9780415724746 (hardback), 9781315848273 (paperback)

The Migration Of Horticultural Knowledge: Pacific Island Seasonal Workers In Rural Australia-A Missed Opportunity?, Olivia V. Dun, Natascha Klocker

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

In 2012, Graeme Hugo wrote the article 'Migration and Development in Low-income Countries: A Role for Destination Country Policy?' for the inaugural issue of the journal Migration and Development. That article, which continues to be the journal's most viewed work,1 used the case of Asian and Pacific migration to Australia to question 'whether policies and practices by destination governments relating to international migration and settlement can play a role in facilitating positive developmental impacts in origin communities' (Hugo 2012, 25). The importance of such structural support for development has been underscored, in relation to seasonal worker programs, by growing evidence …