Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Sexuality, Gender And Youth Sport, Jan Wright

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

There are two main themes underpinning most research and writing on gender, sexuality and youth sports: a concern with social inequalities based on gender and sexuality, and a concern with sport as a site where limiting gender norms are (re)produced for boys, girls, young women and men. The two themes are not distinct but are often intertwined in discussions of gender and sexuality in relation to youth sports. For example, girls' limited access to and different experience of sports, such as the different codes of football, are not only about fewer resources or opportunities but about the ways the practices …

Development And Validation Of A Method To Evaluate The Penetration Of Diesel Particulate Matter Through Respirator Filter Media, At Flow Rates Representative Of Moderate To Heavy Work, Kerrie Burton, Jane L. Whitelaw, Alison L. Jones, Brian Davies

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Poster presentation at The 18th International Conference of International Society for Respiratory Protection, 7-11 November 2016, Yokohama, Japan.

Heat Stress Assessment In Aluminium Smelting: Making It Work In A Challenging And Changing Climate, Jodie Britton, Vinodkumar Gopaldasani, Jane L. Whitelaw

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Abstract presented at AIOH 2016, 3-7 December 2016, Gold Coast, Australia.

Evaluation Of A Personal Data Logger To Measure Real-Time Breathing Cycles Across Varying Work Rates, Jane L. Whitelaw, Alison L. Jones, Brian Davies, Gregory E. Peoples

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Abstract presented at The 18th International Conference of International Society for Respiratory Protection, 7-11 November 2016, Yokohama, Japan.

Hygiene That Works, Or Makes Us Work? Examining The "Work Of Breathing" Through Negative Pressure Respirators, Jane L. Whitelaw, Gregory E. Peoples, Alison L. Jones, Brian Davies

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Abstract presented at AIOH 2016, 3-7 December 2016, Gold Coast, Australia.

Respiratory Protection: Are Our Standards Protecting Worker Health?, Kerrie Burton, Jane L. Whitelaw, Alison L. Jones, Brian Davies

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Abstract presented at AIOH 2016, 3-7 December 2016, Gold Coast, Australia.

Does Perception Equal Protection? Occupational Noise Exposure & Hearing Protective Device Utilisation For Engineering Trades, David A. Corbett, Jane L. Whitelaw

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

The study examined exposure trends amongst a specific cohort of workers (n=55), loosely defined as "engineering trade" employees, but essentially comprising fitter and boilermaker trade disciplines at a variety of workplaces (n =6). Workers' perceptions of their noise exposure was surveyed, and factors likely to influence positive or negative HPD use behaviours. The goal being to identify determinants of Hearing Protective Device (HPD) use behaviour and potentially apply targeted interventions to increase the efficacy of a workplace's Hearing Conservation Program (HCP). Exposures for the study cohort were characterised utilising a combination of shift‐long personal noise dosimetry and short term area …

Can Noisy Gardeners Turn Over A New Leaf? Evaluation Of Landscapers And Gardeners On A University Campus, Laurent P. Maziere, Jane L. Whitelaw, Linda A. Apthorpe

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Abstract presented at AIOH 2016, 3-7 December 2016, Gold Coast, Australia.

Evaluation Of Inorganic Arsenic Exposure At Multi Metal Processing Facility. When Air Monitoring Alone Just Doesn't Work!, Stuart J. Roseberg, Jane L. Whitelaw

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Metals smelting and processing has been associated with exposure to airborne inorganic arsenic and an increased risk of health effects. Biological monitoring on a metals processing site identified urinary arsenic concentrations exceeding corporate and ACGIH guidelines at levels associated with increased risks of health effects. Plant operators considered the inhalation of arsenic trioxide powder (As2O3), used in the process, as the source of their exposure. This study's initial objective was to determine operator exposures to airborne inorganic arsenic. Two groups of plant operators participated in full shift personal air monitoring and biological monitoring over their working weeks. In parallel, wipe …

More Shark Nets For Nsw: Why Haven't We Learned From Wa's Cull?, Leah Maree Gibbs

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

New South Wales Premier Mike Baird has this week announced a plan for a six-month trial of shark nets off the beaches of northern NSW. This would extend the state's shark net program from the 51 beaches currently netted between Wollongong and Newcastle. The announcement was triggered by Wednesday's shark accident, in which a surfer received minor injuries from a shark bite at Sharpes Beach, Ballina. The decision marks a turn-around in Premier Baird's position on sharks. For over a year he has acknowledged the importance of addressing the issue, and has adopted a measured, long-term, non-lethal approach to managing …

Super-Memorizers Are Not Super-Recognizers, Meike Ramon, Sebastien R. Miellet, Anna Dzieciol, Boris Konrad, Martin Dresler, Roberto Caldara

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

2016 Ramon et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.Humans have a natural expertise in recognizing faces. However, the nature of the interaction between this critical visual biological skill and memory is yet unclear. Here, we had the unique opportunity to test two individuals who have had exceptional success in the World Memory Championships, including several world records in face-name association memory. We designed a range of face processing tasks to determine …

Augmenting Instructional Animations With A Body Analogy To Help Children Learn About Physical Systems, Wim T. J. L Pouw, Tamara Van Gog, Rolf A. Zwaan, Fred Paas

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

We investigated whether augmenting instructional animations with a body analogy (BA) would improve 10- to 13-year-old children's learning about class-1 levers. Children with a lower level of general math skill who learned with an instructional animation that provided a BA of the physical system, showed higher accuracy on a lever problemsolving reaction time task than children studying the instructional animation without this BA. Additionally, learning with a BA led to a higher speed-accuracy trade-off during the transfer task for children with a lower math skill, which provided additional evidence that especially this group is likely to be affected by learning …

Preschool And Childcare Center Characteristics Associated With Children's Physical Activity During Care Hours: An Observational Study, Trina Hinkley, Jo Salmon, David Crawford, Anthony D. Okely, Kylie Hesketh

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Background: Preschools and childcare settings offer opportunities to promote adequate levels of physical activity. Research is needed to identify the key features of these settings to optimize young children's activity. The aims of this study were to determine if differences existed in preschool children's physical activity during care hours compared with outside care hours and to examine a comprehensive range of potential center-based correlates of physical activity for preschool boys and girls. Methods: Data are from the Healthy Active Preschool and Primary Years study: 71 childcare centers, 65 preschools and 1002 preschool children. Percent of time in total (light- to …

Metatalk: Enabling Metalinguistic Discussion About Writing, Ruth Newman, Debra Myhill

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Historically, theoretical consideration of metalinguistic understanding has scarcely addressed the issue in the context of writing, other than in relation to early years writing development where there is a substantial body of work. Consequently, there is very limited understanding of how older writers in the upper primary and secondary phase of schooling develop metalinguistic understanding about writing. Arguably, writing is always an act of selecting, shaping, reflecting and revising (Myhill, 2011) and thus draws crucially on metalinguistic activity. Critical to the development of this metalinguistic understanding is how teachers manage ¿metatalk¿, talk about language use in writing, during instructional interactions …

Navigating The Knowledge Sets Of Older Learners: Exploring The Capitals Of First-Infamily Mature Age Students, Sarah Elizabeth O'Shea

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

This paper is based upon research with Australian students who were the first in their family to come to university. The studies sought to explore how attending university impacted upon both the learners and their families, particularly the intergenerational implications of this attendance. Drawing on indepth interviews conducted with older university students enrolled in a medium sized regional university, this paper will focus on how this mature cohort articulated the ways in which they drew upon life and work experiences during their transition to university. Applying the Community Cultural Framework (Yosso, 2005) this article proposes that these learners brought a …

Discourses Of Betterment And Opportunity: Exploring The Privileging Of University Attendance For First-In-Family Learners, Sarah Elizabeth O'Shea, Cathy Stone, Janine Delahunty, Josephine May

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Much of the literature on university access and participation positions people from disadvantaged backgrounds as those who have not 'traditionally' attended university. Certain student cohorts are presented as lacking the skills or requisite knowledges to achieve academic success, requiring additional assistance from institutions to address these gaps. Rather than approach such students from a position of 'lack', this article problematises the concept of privilege, particularly as this relates to the perceived benefits of university attendance. Drawing on rich qualitative interviews with first-infamily students, this article discusses the nature of these learners' expectations of university, particularly those related to the promise …

Exploring Engineering Instructors' Views About Writing And Online Tools To Support Communication In Engineering, Sarah Katherine Howard, Maryam Khosronejad, Rafael Calvo

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

To be fully prepared for the professional workplace, Engineering students need to be able to effectively communicate. However, there has been a growing concern in the field about students' preparedness for this aspect of their future work. It is argued that online writing tools, to engage numbers of students in the writing process, can support feedback on and development of writing in engineering on a larger scale. Through interviews and questionnaires, this study explores engineering academics' perceptions of writing to better understand how online writing tools may be integrated into their teaching. Results suggest that writing is viewed positively in …

Languages Discourses In Australian Middle-Class Schools: Parent And Student Perspectives, Jan Wright, Kenneth E. Cruickshank, Stephen Black

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Much of the literature on social class and language study in schools argues that for middle-class parents and their children, languages are chosen for their capacity to offer forms of distinction that provide an edge in the global labour market. In this paper, we draw on data collected from interviews with parents and children in middle-class schools in Australia to demonstrate how a complex amalgam of elite, cultural identity and/or trade language discourses came into play to explain the choice (or not) to study a language and the choice of specific languages. For many of the parents languages provided a …

The Effect Of A Conditional Cash Transfer On Hiv Incidence In Young Women In Rural South Africa (Hptn 068): A Phase 3, Randomised Controlled Trial, Audrey Pettifor, Catherine L. Mac Phail, James Hughes, Amanda Selin, Jing Wang, F Gomez-Olive, Susan Eshleman, Ryan Wagner, Wonderful Mabuza, Nomhle Khoza, Chirayath Suchindran, Immitrude Mokoena, Rhian Twine, Philip C. Andrews, Ellen Townley, Oliver Laeyendecker, Yaw Agyei, Stephen Tollman, Kathleen Kahn

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Background

Cash transfers have been proposed as an intervention to reduce HIV-infection risk for young women in sub-Saharan Africa. However, scarce evidence is available about their effect on reducing HIV acquisition. We aimed to assess the effect of a conditional cash transfer on HIV incidence among young women in rural South Africa.

Methods

We did a phase 3, randomised controlled trial (HPTN 068) in the rural Bushbuckridge subdistrict in Mpumalanga province, South Africa. We included girls aged 13–20 years if they were enrolled in school grades 8–11, not married or pregnant, able to read, they and their parent or guardian …

Physical Activity And Fitness Outcomes Of A Lifestyle Intervention For Primary Care Patients With Depression And Anxiety: A Randomised Controlled Trial, Adrienne Forsyth, Frank P. Deane, Peter G. Williams

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Patients currently being treated for depression and/or anxiety were referred by their GP and randomised to a 12-week individually tailored diet and exercise lifestyle intervention or an attention control group. Assessments at baseline and 12 weeks included the Active Australia Survey for self-reported physical activity, chair stands, arm curls and a 3-min step test to measure physical fitness. Intent-to-treat analyses using linear mixed modelling showed both groups significantly improved participation in physical activity and muscular endurance. There were no significant differences in improvement between groups. The only group by time interaction was found for body mass index and indicated greater …

The Normative Power Of Food Promotions: Australian Children's Attachments To Unhealthy Food Brands, Bridget Kelly, Becky Freeman, Lesley King, Kathy Chapman, Louise A. Baur, Timothy P. Gill

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

The formation of food brand associations and attachment is fundamental to brand preferences, which influence purchases and consumption. Food promotions operate through a cascade of links, from brand recognition, to affect, and on to consumption. Frequent exposures to product promotions may establish social norms for products, reinforcing brand affect. These pathways signify potential mechanisms for how children's exposure to unhealthy food promotions can contribute to poor diets. The present study explored children's brand associations and attachments for major food brands. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted. Fourteen study brands were used, with each child viewing a set of seven logos. …

Sedentary Time, Physical Activity And Compliance With Iom Recommendations In Young Children At Childcare, Yvonne Ellis, Dylan P. Cliff, Xanne Janssen, Rachel A. Jones, John J. Reilly, Anthony D. Okely

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

The aim of this study was to report patterns of sitting, standing and physical activity (PA) and compliance with Institute of Medicine (IOM) recommendations for sedentary behavior (SB) and PA among children aged 1 to 5 years at childcare, and examine sociodemographic variations. Sitting, standing and PA time was assessed using an activPAL inclinometer over a period of 1 to 5 days in 301 children (49% boys; mean age = 3.7 ± 1.0 years) across 11 childcare services in Illawarra, NSW, Australia. Breaks and bouts of sitting and standing were calculated and categorized. Height and weight were assessed and parents …

Sodium And Potassium Urinary Excretion And Dietary Intake: A Cross-Sectional Analysis In Adolescents, Carla Goncalves, Sandra Abreu, Patricia Padrao, Olivia Pinho, Pedro Graca, Joao Breda, Rute Santos, Pedro Moreira

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Background: Hypertension is the leading cause for heart disease and stroke, for mortality and morbidity worldwide, and a high sodium-to-potassium intake ratio is considered a stronger risk factor for hypertension than sodium alone. Objective: This study aims to evaluate sodium and potassium urinary excretion, and assess the food sources of these nutrients in a sample of Portuguese adolescents. Design: A cross-sectional study with a sample of 250 Portuguese adolescents. Sodium and potassium excretion were measured by one 24-h urinary collection, and the coefficient of creatinine was used to validate completeness of urine collections. Dietary sources of sodium and potassium were …

Identifying Correlates And Determinants Of Physical Activity In Youth: How Can We Advance The Field?, Andrew J. Atkin, Esther M. F Van Sluijs, James Dollman, Wendell C. Taylor, Rebecca M. Stanley

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

This commentary provides a critical discussion of current research investigating the correlates and determinants of physical activity in young people, with specific focus on conceptual, theoretical and methodological issues. We draw on current child and adolescent literature and our own collective expertise to illustrate our discussion. We conclude with recommendations that will strengthen future research and help to advance the field.

Transition Of Children With Disabilities Into Early Childhood Education And Care Centres, Jane D. Warren, Wilma Vialle, Roselyn M. Dixon

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

This paper reports on findings from research which sought to understand, in the New South Wales (NSW) context, the factors impacting on the transition into early childhood education and care (ECEC) centres for children with disabilities from the perspective of both parents of children with disabilities and educators in ECEC centres. The study aimed to identify successes and barriers, and consider potential interventions and procedures that might increase the participation of children with disabilities in ECEC centres. This paper will discuss findings from the educator perspective only, including 37 completed questionnaires and semi-structured interviews from 10 teacher participants. Thematic analysis …

A Passion For Geography Flourishes At The University Of Wollongong, Gordon R. Waitt

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

University of Wollongong acknowledges that never has there been a more exciting or important time to do Geography. There are new global challenges, problems and anomalies emerging that need creative solutions. University of Wollongong recognised that a Geography degree provides graduates with an eclectic and interdisciplinary skill-set necessary to address these challenges. Graduates will be trained in both the skill sets of a scientist and a social scientist, alongside communication, writing, and analytical skills. UOW Geography graduates will be analytical and critical thinkers toward social, cultural and physical problems and issues. The UOW Bachelor of Geography provides graduates with a …

Gender, Ethnicity And Sustainable Mobility: A Governmentality Analysis Of Migrant Chinese Women's Daily Trips In Sydney, Gordon R. Waitt, Sophie-May Kerr, Natascha Klocker

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

The automobile is acknowledged as an urgent environmental sustainability issue in cities where it remains pivotal to everyday life and society. We explore the potential of migrants - from societies where urban spaces and everyday life are not centred on the automobile - to elucidate pathways for reducing car dependence. This paper explores the sustainability implications of everyday mobility decisions in Sydney, Australia, through the mobility discourses of female migrants from China. Our governmentality analyses suggest a preference, among female Chinese migrants, to initially walk and cycle after arriving in Sydney. Many expressed a fear rather than a love of …

Bacterial Community Dynamics In An Anoxic-Aerobic Membrane Bioreactor - Impact On Nutrient And Trace Organic Contaminant Removal, Hop V. Phan, Faisal I. Hai, Ren Zhang, Jinguo Kang, William E. Price, Long D. Nghiem

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

The bacterial community in different redox regimes of an anoxic-aerobic MBR under different operating conditions was investigated using pyrosequencing. With internal recirculation (IR) between the anoxic and aerobic reactors, the bacterial communities in these reactors were highly similar in structure and phylogenetic relationship, indicating IR as a key driving force shaping the bacterial communities that are responsible for the core function in the system. Without IR, each redox condition sustained the growth of distinct bacterial communities according to their oxygen requirement, and the anoxic community presented a low capacity of nutrient and trace organic contaminant (TrOC) removal. Higher bacterial diversity …

An Efficient Quantum Scheme For Private Set Intersection, Run-Hua Shi, Yi Mu, Hong Zhong, Jie Cui, Shun Zhang

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

Private Set Intersection allows a client to privately compute set intersection with the collaboration of the server, which is one of the most fundamental and key problems within the multiparty collaborative computation of protecting the privacy of the parties. In this paper, we first present a cheat-sensitive quantum scheme for Private Set Intersection. Compared with classical schemes, our scheme has lower communication complexity, which is independent of the size of the server's set. Therefore, it is very suitable for big data services in Cloud or large-scale client-server networks.

Mitigating Tap Changer Limit Cycles In Modern Electricity Networks Embedded With Local Generation Units, Dothinka Ranamuka Rallage, Ashish P. Agalgaonkar, Kashem M. Muttaqi, Md Jan E Alam

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

Cascaded on-load tap changers (OLTCs) are widely used for coarse control of voltages in largely interconnected elec- tric power systems. There could be interactions between load dynamics and OLTC control under certain system operating conditions which may lead to the OLTC limit cycle phenomena, thereby resulting into long-term voltage oscillations in the system. In recent years, renewable and nonrenewable local generation (LG) units have been getting interconnected in modern power systems. The existence of OLTC limit cycles in the presence of LG has not been addressed in the literature in greater details. In this paper, the OLTC limit cycle phenomenon, …