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Articles 3481 - 3510 of 14367

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Indicator-Based Assessment Of Climate-Change Impacts On Coasts: A Review Of Concepts, Methodological Approaches And Vulnerability Indices, Thang T. X Nguyen, Jarbas Bonetti, Kerrylee Rogers, Colin D. Woodroffe Jan 2016

Indicator-Based Assessment Of Climate-Change Impacts On Coasts: A Review Of Concepts, Methodological Approaches And Vulnerability Indices, Thang T. X Nguyen, Jarbas Bonetti, Kerrylee Rogers, Colin D. Woodroffe

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Increasing human pressures on coastlines and associated threats posed by sea-level rise have stimulated development of a range of different concepts and methodological approaches to assess coastal vulnerability. The first section of this paper summarizes the concepts associated with vulnerability, natural hazards and climate change. The most widely adopted analytical approaches to vulnerability assessment are described, including spatial scales, the need for hybrid approaches comprising both biophysical and social dimensions of vulnerability, and the gradual incorporation of resilience aspects into such methodologies. In particular, the development and application of vulnerability indices is examined, based on a review of more than …

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Australians Are Not Meeting The Recommended Intakes For Omega-3 Long Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids: Results Of An Analysis From The 2011-2012 National Nutrition And Physical Activity Survey, Barbara J. Meyer Jan 2016

Australians Are Not Meeting The Recommended Intakes For Omega-3 Long Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids: Results Of An Analysis From The 2011-2012 National Nutrition And Physical Activity Survey, Barbara J. Meyer

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Health benefits have been attributed to omega-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LCPUFA). Therefore it is important to know if Australians are currently meeting the recommended intake for n-3 LCPUFA and if they have increased since the last National Nutrition Survey in 1995 (NNS 1995). Dietary intake data was obtained from the recent 2011-2012 National Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey (2011-2012 NNPAS). Linoleic acid (LA) intakes have decreased whilst alpha-linolenic acid (LNA) and n-3 LCPUFA intakes have increased primarily due to n-3 LCPUFA supplements. The median n-3 LCPUFA intakes are less than 50% of the mean n-3 LCPUFA intakes …

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Maternal Plasma Dha Levels Increase Prior To 29 Days Post-Lh Surge In Women Undergoing Frozen Embryo Transfer: A Prospective, Observational Study Of Human Pregnancy, Barbara J. Meyer, Christopher C. Onyiaodike, Elizabeth A. Brown, Fiona Jordan, Heather Murray, Robert Jb Nibbs, Naveed Sattar, Helen Lyall, Scott M. Nelson, Dilys J. Freeman Jan 2016

Maternal Plasma Dha Levels Increase Prior To 29 Days Post-Lh Surge In Women Undergoing Frozen Embryo Transfer: A Prospective, Observational Study Of Human Pregnancy, Barbara J. Meyer, Christopher C. Onyiaodike, Elizabeth A. Brown, Fiona Jordan, Heather Murray, Robert Jb Nibbs, Naveed Sattar, Helen Lyall, Scott M. Nelson, Dilys J. Freeman

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Context: Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is an important fatty acid required for neurological development but its importance during early fetal neurological organogenesis is unknown. Objective: To assess plasma fatty acid changes in early pregnancy in women undergoing natural cycle-frozen embryo transfer as a means of achieving accurately-timed periconceptual sampling. Design: Women undergoing frozen embryo transfer were recruited and serial fasting blood samples were taken pre-luteinising hormone (LH) surge, and at days 18, 29 and 45 post-LH surge and fatty acids were analysed using gas chromatography. Setting: Assisted Conception Unit, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Scotland Main outcome measures: Plasma fatty acid concentrations, influence …

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Editorial: Roles Of Ion Channels In Immune Cells, Leanne Stokes, Amanda B. Mackenzie, Ronald Sluyter Jan 2016

Editorial: Roles Of Ion Channels In Immune Cells, Leanne Stokes, Amanda B. Mackenzie, Ronald Sluyter

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

The Editorial on the Research Topic - Roles of Ion Channels in Immune Cells

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Clinical Leadership Development In A Pre-Registration Nursing Curriculum: What The Profession Has To Say About It, Angela M. Brown, Patrick A. Crookes, Jan Dewing Jan 2016

Clinical Leadership Development In A Pre-Registration Nursing Curriculum: What The Profession Has To Say About It, Angela M. Brown, Patrick A. Crookes, Jan Dewing

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Background In the last decade literature, inquiries and reports into the short comings in health services have highlighted the vital role of leadership in clinical practice and the impact on patient care and effective workplace culture. Whilst there is an abundance of literature on leadership and the registered nursing workforce, an international literature review revealed there is very little known on leadership development in pre-registration nursing programmes. Objective To identify what the profession's views are on proposed indicative curriculum content suggested for clinical leadership development in a pre-registration nursing degree in Australia. Design This is a multi-method research study. This …

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Towards Understanding The Variability In Biospheric Co2 Fluxes: Using Ftir Spectrometry And A Chemical Transport Model To Investigate The Sources And Sinks Of Carbonyl Sulfide And Its Link To Co2, Yuting Wang, Nicholas M. Deutscher, Mathias Palm, Thorsten Warneke, Justus Notholt, Ian Baker, Joseph A. Berry, Parvadha Suntharalingam, Nicholas B. Jones, Emmanuel Mahieu, Bernard Lejeune, James W. Hannigan, Stephanie Conway, Joseph Mendonca, Kimberly Strong, J Elliott Campbell, Adam Wolf, Stefanie Kremser Jan 2016

Towards Understanding The Variability In Biospheric Co2 Fluxes: Using Ftir Spectrometry And A Chemical Transport Model To Investigate The Sources And Sinks Of Carbonyl Sulfide And Its Link To Co2, Yuting Wang, Nicholas M. Deutscher, Mathias Palm, Thorsten Warneke, Justus Notholt, Ian Baker, Joseph A. Berry, Parvadha Suntharalingam, Nicholas B. Jones, Emmanuel Mahieu, Bernard Lejeune, James W. Hannigan, Stephanie Conway, Joseph Mendonca, Kimberly Strong, J Elliott Campbell, Adam Wolf, Stefanie Kremser

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Understanding carbon dioxide (CO2) biospheric processes is of great importance because the terrestrial exchange drives the seasonal and interannual variability of CO2 in the atmosphere. Atmospheric inversions based on CO2 concentration measurements alone can only determine net biosphere fluxes, but not differentiate between photosynthesis (uptake) and respiration (production). Carbonyl sulfide (OCS) could provide an important additional constraint: it is also taken up by plants during photosynthesis but not emitted during respiration, and therefore is a potential means to differentiate between these processes. Solar absorption Fourier Transform InfraRed (FTIR) spectrometry allows for the retrievals of the atmospheric concentrations of both CO2 …

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Unexpectedly High Ultrafine Aerosol Concentrations Above East Antarctic Sea Ice, Ruhi S. Humphries, A R. Klekociuk, Robyn Schofield, Melita Keywood, J Ward, Stephen R. Wilson Jan 2016

Unexpectedly High Ultrafine Aerosol Concentrations Above East Antarctic Sea Ice, Ruhi S. Humphries, A R. Klekociuk, Robyn Schofield, Melita Keywood, J Ward, Stephen R. Wilson

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Better characterisation of aerosol processes in pristine, natural environments, such as Antarctica, have recently been shown to lead to the largest reduction in uncertainties in our understanding of radiative forcing. Our understanding of aerosols in the Antarctic region is currently based on measurements that are often limited to boundary layer air masses at spatially sparse coastal and continental research stations, with only a handful of studies in the vast sea-ice region. In this paper, the first observational study of sub-micron aerosols in the East Antarctic sea ice region is presented. Measurements were conducted aboard the icebreaker Aurora Australis in spring …

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Effects Of Physical Exercise On Health And Well-Being Of Individuals Living With A Dementia In Nursing Homes: A Systematic Review, Lindsey Brett, Victoria Traynor, Paul J. Stapley Jan 2016

Effects Of Physical Exercise On Health And Well-Being Of Individuals Living With A Dementia In Nursing Homes: A Systematic Review, Lindsey Brett, Victoria Traynor, Paul J. Stapley

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Background Physical exercise interventions have benefits for older individuals and improve the health and well-being of individuals living with a dementia, specifically those living in nursing homes. Purpose Report evidence from randomized controlled trials and cluster randomized control trials that evaluated the effects of physical exercise interventions on individuals living with a dementia in nursing homes. Data sources Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, Academic Search Complete, Proquest Central, British Medical Journal Database, PubMed, Cochrane Library, PEDro, Informit, Informa, and Nursing Consult were searched for relevant clinical trials and snowballing of recommended studies. Study selection One reviewer screened articles on …

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Methodology For Developing Competency Standards For Dietitians In Australia, Claire Palermo, Jane Conway, Eleanor Beck, Janeane Dart, Sandra Capra, Susan Ash Jan 2016

Methodology For Developing Competency Standards For Dietitians In Australia, Claire Palermo, Jane Conway, Eleanor Beck, Janeane Dart, Sandra Capra, Susan Ash

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Competency standards document the knowledge, skills, and attitudes required for competent performance. This study develops competency standards for dietitians in order to substantiate an approach to competency standard development. Focus groups explored the current and emerging purpose, role, and function of the profession, which were used to draft competency standards. Consensus was then sought using two rounds of a Delphi survey. Seven focus groups were conducted with 28 participants (15 employers/practitioners, 5 academics, 8 new graduates). Eighty-two of 110 invited experts participated in round one and 67 experts completed round two. Four major functions of dietitians were identified: being a …

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Retrieval Of Xco2 From Ground-Based Mid-Infrared (Ndacc) Solar Absorption Spectra And Comparison To Tccon, Matthias Buschmann, Nicholas M. Deutscher, Vanessa Sherlock, Mathias Palm, Thorsten Warneke, Justus Notholt Jan 2016

Retrieval Of Xco2 From Ground-Based Mid-Infrared (Ndacc) Solar Absorption Spectra And Comparison To Tccon, Matthias Buschmann, Nicholas M. Deutscher, Vanessa Sherlock, Mathias Palm, Thorsten Warneke, Justus Notholt

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

High-resolution solar absorption spectra, taken within the Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change Infrared Working Group (NDACC-IRWG) in the mid-infrared spectral region, are used to infer partial or total column abundances of many gases. In this paper we present the retrieval of a column-averaged mole fraction of carbon dioxide from NDACC-IRWG spectra taken with a Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer at the site in Ny-Ålesund, Spitsbergen. The retrieved time series is compared to colocated standard TCCON (Total Carbon Column Observing Network) measurements of column-averaged dry-air mole fractions of CO2 (denoted by xCO2). Comparing the NDACC and TCCON retrievals, …

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Outcomes Related To Nutrition Screening In Community Living Older Adults: A Systematic Literature Review, Aliza Haslinda Hamirudin, Karen E. Charlton, Karen L. Walton Jan 2016

Outcomes Related To Nutrition Screening In Community Living Older Adults: A Systematic Literature Review, Aliza Haslinda Hamirudin, Karen E. Charlton, Karen L. Walton

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Introduction Nutrition screening is an initial procedure in which the risk of malnutrition is identified. The aims of this review were to identify malnutrition risk from nutrition screening studies that have used validated nutrition screening tools in community living older adults; and to identify types of nutrition interventions, pathways of care and patient outcomes following screening. Methods A systematic literature search was performed for the period from January 1994 until December 2013 using SCOPUS, CINAHL Plus with Full Text, PubMed and COCHRANE databases as well as a manual search. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were determined for the literature searches and …

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Extensive Glaciation In Transbaikalia, Siberia, At The Last Glacial Maximum, Martin Margold, John D. Jansen, Artem L. Gurinov, Alexandru T. Codilean, David Fink, Frank Preusser, Natalya V. Reznichenko, Charles C. Mifsud Jan 2016

Extensive Glaciation In Transbaikalia, Siberia, At The Last Glacial Maximum, Martin Margold, John D. Jansen, Artem L. Gurinov, Alexandru T. Codilean, David Fink, Frank Preusser, Natalya V. Reznichenko, Charles C. Mifsud

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Successively smaller glacial extents have been proposed for continental Eurasia during the stadials of the last glacial period leading up to the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM). At the same time the large mountainous region east of Lake Baikal, Transbaikalia, has remained unexplored in terms of glacial chronology despite clear geomorphological evidence of substantial past glaciations. We have applied cosmogenic 10Be exposure dating and optically stimulated luminescence to establish the first quantitative glacial chronology for this region. Based on eighteen exposure ages from five moraine complexes, we propose that large mountain ice fields existed in the Kodar and Udokan mountains during …

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Computational Characterisation Of The Interactions Between Human St6gal I And Transition-State Analogue Inhibitors: Insights For Inhibitor Design, Andrew Montgomery, Remi Szabo, Danielle Skropeta, Haibo Yu Jan 2016

Computational Characterisation Of The Interactions Between Human St6gal I And Transition-State Analogue Inhibitors: Insights For Inhibitor Design, Andrew Montgomery, Remi Szabo, Danielle Skropeta, Haibo Yu

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Human β-galactoside α-2,6-sialyltransferase I (hST6Gal I) catalyses the synthesis of sialylated glycoconjugates involved in cell-cell interactions. Overexpression of hST6Gal I is observed in many different types of cancers, where it promotes metastasis through altered cell surface sialylation. A wide range of sialyltransferase (ST) inhibitors have been developed based on the natural donor, cytidine 5′-monophosphate N-acetylneuraminic acid (CMP-Neu5Ac). Of these, analogues that are structurally similar to the transition state exhibit the highest inhibitory activity. In order to design inhibitors that are readily accessible synthetically and with favourable pharmacokinetic properties, an investigation of the replacement of the charged phosphodiester-linker, present in many …

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Impact Of The New South Wales Fires During October 2013 On Regional Air Quality In Eastern Australia, Geraldine Rea, Clare Paton-Walsh, Solene Turquety, Martin Cope, David W. T Griffith Jan 2016

Impact Of The New South Wales Fires During October 2013 On Regional Air Quality In Eastern Australia, Geraldine Rea, Clare Paton-Walsh, Solene Turquety, Martin Cope, David W. T Griffith

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Smoke plumes from fires contain atmospheric pollutants that can be transported to populated areas and effect regional air quality. In this paper, the characteristics and impact of the fire plumes from a major fire event that occurred in October 2013 (17-26) in the New South Wales (NSW) in Australia, near the populated areas of Sydney and Wollongong, are studied. Measurements from the Fourier Transform InfraRed (FTIR) spectrometer located at the University of Wollongong allowed a calculation of specific emission factors (EFs) in terms of grams per kilogram of dry fuel burned: 1640 g kg-1 of carbon dioxide; 107 g kg-1 …

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Longitudinal Intergenerational Birth Cohort Designs: A Systematic Review Of Australian And New Zealand Studies, Michelle L. Townsend, Angelique H. Riepsamen, Christos Georgiou, Victoria M. Flood, Peter Caputi, Ian M. R Wright, Warren S. Davis, Alison L. Jones, Theresa A. Larkin, Moira J. Williamson, Brin F. S Grenyer Jan 2016

Longitudinal Intergenerational Birth Cohort Designs: A Systematic Review Of Australian And New Zealand Studies, Michelle L. Townsend, Angelique H. Riepsamen, Christos Georgiou, Victoria M. Flood, Peter Caputi, Ian M. R Wright, Warren S. Davis, Alison L. Jones, Theresa A. Larkin, Moira J. Williamson, Brin F. S Grenyer

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Background The longitudinal birth cohort design has yielded a substantial contribution to knowledge of child health and development. The last full review in New Zealand and Australia in 2004 identified 13 studies. Since then, birth cohort designs continue to be an important tool in understanding how intrauterine, infant and childhood development affect long-term health and well-being. This updated review in a defined geographical area was conducted to better understand the factors associated with successful quality and productivity, and greater scientific and policy contribution and scope. Methods We adopted the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) approach, searching …

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Insights On Leadership From Early Career Nurse Academics: Findings From A Mixed Methods Study, Elizabeth J. Halcomb, Debra Jackson, John Daly, Jo-Anne M. Gray, Yenna Salamonson, Sharon Andrew, Kathleen Peters Jan 2016

Insights On Leadership From Early Career Nurse Academics: Findings From A Mixed Methods Study, Elizabeth J. Halcomb, Debra Jackson, John Daly, Jo-Anne M. Gray, Yenna Salamonson, Sharon Andrew, Kathleen Peters

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Aim To explore the perceptions of early career nursing academics on leadership in academia. Background There is growing emphasis on leadership capacity building across all domains of nursing. However, there is limited evidence on leadership capacity in early career academics. This study tested an intervention to develop leadership capacity amongst early career nursing academics in two Australian universities. Methods A sequential mixed methods design, using online surveys and semi-structured interviews, was used to collect data. Results Twenty-three early career nursing academics participated. Most had experience of formal leadership roles and were aware of its importance to them as they developed …

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Early Antipsychotic Treatment In Childhood/Adolescent Period Has Long-Term Effects On Depressive-Like, Anxiety-Like And Locomotor Behaviours In Adult Rats, Michael De Santis, Jiamei Lian, Xu-Feng Huang, Chao Deng Jan 2016

Early Antipsychotic Treatment In Childhood/Adolescent Period Has Long-Term Effects On Depressive-Like, Anxiety-Like And Locomotor Behaviours In Adult Rats, Michael De Santis, Jiamei Lian, Xu-Feng Huang, Chao Deng

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Childhood/adolescent antipsychotic drug (APD) use is exponentially increasing worldwide, despite limited knowledge of the long-term effects of early APD treatment. Whilst investigations have found that early treatment has resulted in some alterations to dopamine and serotonin neurotransmission systems (essential to APD efficacy), there have only been limited studies into potential long-term behavioural changes. This study, using an animal model for childhood/adolescent APD treatment, investigated the long-term effects of aripiprazole, olanzapine and risperidone on adult behaviours of male and female rats. Open-field/holeboard, elevated plus maze (EPM), social interaction and forced swim (FS) tests were then conducted in adult rats. Our results …

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Multicomponent Metal-Organic Frameworks As Defect-Tolerant Materials, Seok J. Lee, Celine Doussot, Anthony Baux, Lujia Liu, Geoffrey B. Jameson, Christopher Richardson, Joshua J. Pak, Fabien Trousselet, François-Xavier Coudert, Shane Telfer Jan 2016

Multicomponent Metal-Organic Frameworks As Defect-Tolerant Materials, Seok J. Lee, Celine Doussot, Anthony Baux, Lujia Liu, Geoffrey B. Jameson, Christopher Richardson, Joshua J. Pak, Fabien Trousselet, François-Xavier Coudert, Shane Telfer

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Multicomponent metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) comprise multiple, structurally diverse linkers fixed into an ordered lattice by metal ions or clusters as secondary building units (SBUs). Here, we show how multicomponent MOFs are ideal platforms for engineering materials with high levels of vacancy defects. First, a new type of quaternary MOF that is built up from two neutral, linear ditopic linkers, a 3-fold-symmetric carboxylate ligand, and a dinuclear paddlewheel SBU was synthesized. This MOF, named MUF-32 (MUF = Massey University Framework), is constructed from dabco, 4,4′-bipyridyl (bipy), 4,4′,4″-nitrilotrisbenzoate (ntb), and zinc(II), and it adopts an ith-d topology. The zinc(II) ions and ntb …

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Formation And Stability Of Gas-Phase O-Benzoquinone From Oxidation Of Ortho-Hydroxyphenyl: A Combined Neutral And Distonic Radical Study, Matthew Prendergast, Benjamin B. Kirk, John D. Savee, David L. Osborn, Craig A. Taatjes, Kye Simeon Masters, Stephen J. Blanksby, Gabriel Da Silva, Adam J. Trevitt Jan 2016

Formation And Stability Of Gas-Phase O-Benzoquinone From Oxidation Of Ortho-Hydroxyphenyl: A Combined Neutral And Distonic Radical Study, Matthew Prendergast, Benjamin B. Kirk, John D. Savee, David L. Osborn, Craig A. Taatjes, Kye Simeon Masters, Stephen J. Blanksby, Gabriel Da Silva, Adam J. Trevitt

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Gas-phase product detection studies of o-hydroxyphenyl radical and O2 are reported at 373, 500, and 600 K, at 4 Torr (533.3 Pa), using VUV time-resolved synchrotron photoionisation mass spectrometry. The dominant products are assigned as o-benzoquinone (C6H4O2, m/z 108) and cyclopentadienone (C5H4O, m/z 80). It is concluded that cyclopentadienone forms as a secondary product from prompt decomposition of o-benzoquinone (and dissociative ionization of o-benzoquinone may contribute to the m/z 80 signal at photon energies ≳9.8 eV). Ion-trap reactions of the distonic o-hydroxyphenyl analogue, the 5-ammonium-2-hydroxyphenyl radical cation, with O2 are also reported and concur with the assignment of o-benzoquinone as …

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The Influence Of Carotenoid Supplementation At Different Life-Stages On The Foraging Performance Of The Southern Corroboree Frog (Pseudophryne Corroboree): A Test Of The Silver Spoon And Environmental Matching Hypotheses, Emma Mcinerney, Aimee J. Silla, Phillip G. Byrne Jan 2016

The Influence Of Carotenoid Supplementation At Different Life-Stages On The Foraging Performance Of The Southern Corroboree Frog (Pseudophryne Corroboree): A Test Of The Silver Spoon And Environmental Matching Hypotheses, Emma Mcinerney, Aimee J. Silla, Phillip G. Byrne

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Organismal performance can be significantly affected by the nutritional conditions experienced during different life-stages. The Silver Spoon Hypothesis predicts that individuals will always perform better as adults when they experience advantageous conditions during development. In contrast, the Environmental Matching Hypothesis predicts that individuals will perform better if they experience similar conditions during development and adulthood. Past tests of these hypotheses have focussed on the effect of food quantity on growth and development, with little attempt to investigate the effect of individual nutrients on behavioural traits. This study aimed to test the predictions of the Environmental Matching and Silver Spoon Hypotheses …

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Estimates Of European Uptake Of Co2 Inferred From Gosat Xco2 Retrievals: Sensitivity To Measurement Bias Inside And Outside Europe, L Feng, Paul I. Palmer, Robert J. Parker, Nicholas M. Deutscher, D Feist, Rigel Kivi, Isamu Morino, Ralf Sussmann Jan 2016

Estimates Of European Uptake Of Co2 Inferred From Gosat Xco2 Retrievals: Sensitivity To Measurement Bias Inside And Outside Europe, L Feng, Paul I. Palmer, Robert J. Parker, Nicholas M. Deutscher, D Feist, Rigel Kivi, Isamu Morino, Ralf Sussmann

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Estimates of the natural CO2 flux over Europe inferred from in situ measurements of atmospheric CO2 mole fraction have been used previously to check top-down flux estimates inferred from space-borne dry-air CO2 column (XCO2) retrievals. Several recent studies have shown that CO2 fluxes inferred from XCO2 data from the Japanese Greenhouse gases Observing SATellite (GOSAT) and the Scanning Imaging Absorption Spectrometer for Atmospheric CHartographY (SCIAMACHY) have larger seasonal amplitudes and a more negative annual net CO2 balance than those inferred from the in situ data. The cause of this elevated European uptake of CO2 is still unclear, but some recent …

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Image Segmentation Based Determination Of Elastane Core Yarn Diameter, Ales Hladnik, Alenka Pavko-Cuden, Syamak Farajikhah Jan 2016

Image Segmentation Based Determination Of Elastane Core Yarn Diameter, Ales Hladnik, Alenka Pavko-Cuden, Syamak Farajikhah

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Yarn diameter is one of the key knitted fabric parameters, whose accurate determination, however, continues to be a difficult task. The goal of the study presented was to calculate the diameter of dry and wet relaxed yarns with and without incorporated elastane using image-processing and -analysis tools implemented in MATLAB. Compared to the images of wet relaxed samples, a much more sophisticated segmentation approach had to be implemented for dry relaxed yarn images due to their weaker yarn-background contrast. The values calculated were compared with those obtained with the conventional yarn thickness determination method developed by Sadikov. Linear correlation between …

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Combining Two Complementary Micrometeorological Methods To Measure Ch4 And N2o Fluxes Over Pasture, Johannes Laubach, Matti Barthel, Anitra Fraser, John E. Hunt, David W. T Griffith Jan 2016

Combining Two Complementary Micrometeorological Methods To Measure Ch4 And N2o Fluxes Over Pasture, Johannes Laubach, Matti Barthel, Anitra Fraser, John E. Hunt, David W. T Griffith

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

New Zealand's largest industrial sector is pastoral agriculture, giving rise to a large fraction of the country's emissions of methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O). We designed a system to continuously measure CH4 and N2O fluxes at the field scale on two adjacent pastures that differed with respect to management. At the core of this system was a closed-cell Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer, which measured the mole fractions of CH4, N2O and carbon dioxide (CO2) at two heights at each site. In parallel, CO2 fluxes were measured using eddy-covariance instrumentation. We applied two different micrometeorological ratio methods to infer …

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Zooplankton Diversity Of A Protected And Vulnerable Wetland System In Southern South America (Llancanelo Area, Argentina), D. Sabina D'Ambrosio, Maria Cristina Claps, Adriana García Jan 2016

Zooplankton Diversity Of A Protected And Vulnerable Wetland System In Southern South America (Llancanelo Area, Argentina), D. Sabina D'Ambrosio, Maria Cristina Claps, Adriana García

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

In arid regions, climatic conditions exert a great control on the aquatic systems present, but recent changes in climate have produced an enhanced salinization of the aquatic environments located there. Consequently, a major reduction in biodiversity would be expected in those wetlands that were originally fresh water. Salinity is a principal cause of reduced biodiversity particularly in zooplankton because few of those species can adapt to the salt pressure of saline environments. Therefore, the aim of this study was to gain essential information on the diversity of aquatic invertebrates in Llancanelo basin by focussing the analysis on the zooplankton community …

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Identification Of Eight Different Isoforms Of The Glucocorticoid Receptor In Guinea Pig Placenta: Relationship To Preterm Delivery, Sex And Betamethasone Exposure, Zarqa Saif, Rebecca M. Dyson, Hannah K. Palliser, Ian M. R Wright, Nick Lu, Vicki L. Clifton Jan 2016

Identification Of Eight Different Isoforms Of The Glucocorticoid Receptor In Guinea Pig Placenta: Relationship To Preterm Delivery, Sex And Betamethasone Exposure, Zarqa Saif, Rebecca M. Dyson, Hannah K. Palliser, Ian M. R Wright, Nick Lu, Vicki L. Clifton

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

The placental glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is central to glucocorticoid signalling and for mediating steroid effects on pathways associated with fetal growth and lung maturation but the GR has not been examined in the guinea pig placenta even though this animal is regularly used as a model of preterm birth and excess glucocorticoid exposure. Guinea pig dams received subcutaneous injections of either vehicle or betamethasone at 24 and 12 hours prior to preterm or term caesarean-section delivery. At delivery pup and organ weights were recorded. Placentae were dissected, weighed and analysed using Western blot to examine GR isoform expression in nuclear …

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Prevalence And Symptomatology Of Catatonia In Elderly Patients Referred To A Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry Service, Jacqueline Kaelle, Anju Abujam, Harsha Ediriweera, Matthew D. Macfarlane Jan 2016

Prevalence And Symptomatology Of Catatonia In Elderly Patients Referred To A Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry Service, Jacqueline Kaelle, Anju Abujam, Harsha Ediriweera, Matthew D. Macfarlane

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Objectives: To determine the prevalence and clinical correlations of catatonia in patients aged over 65 years who are referred to a consultation-liaison service within a regional area of Australia. Additionally, to examine if the use of standardised screening tools is likely to change the rate of diagnosis of catatonia within the consultation-liaison service. Methods: One hundred and eight referrals from general hospital wards were assessed using the Bush-Francis Catatonia Screening Instrument (BFCSI) and associated examination; each consented patient was screened for catatonic symptoms. If two or more signs were present on the BFCSI, then severity was rated using the Bush-Francis …

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Outcomes Of Two Trials Of Oxygen-Saturation Targets In Preterm Infants, William O. Tarnow-Mordi, Ben Stenson, Adrienne Kirby, Edmund Juszczak, Mark Donoghoe, Sanjeev Deshpande, Colin J. Morley, Andrew King, Lex W. Doyle, Brian W. Fleck, Peter Davis, Henry L. Halliday, Wendy Hague, Pamela Cairns, Brian A. Darlow, Alistair R. Fielder, Val Gebski, Neil Marlow, Karen Simmer, Win Tin, Alpana Ghadge, Cathy Williams, Anthony Keech, Stephen P. Wardle, Zsuzsoka Kecskes, Martin Kluckow, Glen Gole, Nicholas Evans, Girvan Malcolm, Melissa Luig, Ian M. R Wright, Jacqueline Stack, Kenneth Tan, Margo Pritchard, Peter H. Gray, Scott Morris, Bevan Headley, Peter Dargaville, R John Simes, Peter Brocklehurst Jan 2016

Outcomes Of Two Trials Of Oxygen-Saturation Targets In Preterm Infants, William O. Tarnow-Mordi, Ben Stenson, Adrienne Kirby, Edmund Juszczak, Mark Donoghoe, Sanjeev Deshpande, Colin J. Morley, Andrew King, Lex W. Doyle, Brian W. Fleck, Peter Davis, Henry L. Halliday, Wendy Hague, Pamela Cairns, Brian A. Darlow, Alistair R. Fielder, Val Gebski, Neil Marlow, Karen Simmer, Win Tin, Alpana Ghadge, Cathy Williams, Anthony Keech, Stephen P. Wardle, Zsuzsoka Kecskes, Martin Kluckow, Glen Gole, Nicholas Evans, Girvan Malcolm, Melissa Luig, Ian M. R Wright, Jacqueline Stack, Kenneth Tan, Margo Pritchard, Peter H. Gray, Scott Morris, Bevan Headley, Peter Dargaville, R John Simes, Peter Brocklehurst

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

BACKGROUND The safest ranges of oxygen saturation in preterm infants have been the subject of debate. METHODS In two trials, conducted in Australia and the United Kingdom, infants born before 28 weeks' gestation were randomly assigned to either a lower (85 to 89%) or a higher (91 to 95%) oxygen-saturation range. During enrollment, the oximeters were revised to correct a calibration-algorithm artifact. The primary outcome was death or disability at a corrected gestational age of 2 years; this outcome was evaluated among infants whose oxygen saturation was measured with any study oximeter in the Australian trial and those whose oxygen …

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Sequential Collision- And Ozone-Induced Dissociation Enables Assignment Of Relative Acyl Chain Position In Triacylglycerols, David L. Marshall, Huong T. Pham, Mahendra Bhujel, Jacqueline S.R Chin, Joanne Y. Yew, Kenji Mori, Todd W. Mitchell, Stephen J. Blanksby Jan 2016

Sequential Collision- And Ozone-Induced Dissociation Enables Assignment Of Relative Acyl Chain Position In Triacylglycerols, David L. Marshall, Huong T. Pham, Mahendra Bhujel, Jacqueline S.R Chin, Joanne Y. Yew, Kenji Mori, Todd W. Mitchell, Stephen J. Blanksby

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Unambiguous identification of isomeric lipids by mass spectrometry represents a significant analytical challenge in contemporary lipidomics. Herein, the combination of collision-induced dissociation (CID) with ozone-induced dissociation (OzID) on an ion-trap mass spectrometer is applied to the identification of triacylglycerol (TG) isomers that vary only by the substitution pattern of fatty acyl (FA) chains esterified to the glycerol backbone. Isolated product ions attributed to loss of a single FA arising from CID of [TG + Na]+ ions react rapidly with ozone within the ion trap. The resulting CID/OzID spectra exhibit abundant ions that unequivocally reveal the relative position of FAs along …

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Acute Inflammatory Response To Low-, Moderate-, And High-Load Resistance Exercise In Women With Breast Cancer-Related Lymphedema, Prue Cormie, Benjamin Singh, Sandi Hayes, Jonathan M. Peake, Daniel A. Galvão, Dennis R. Taaffe, Nigel Spry, Kazunori Nosaka, Bruce Cornish, Kathryn H. Schmitz, Robert U. Newton Jan 2016

Acute Inflammatory Response To Low-, Moderate-, And High-Load Resistance Exercise In Women With Breast Cancer-Related Lymphedema, Prue Cormie, Benjamin Singh, Sandi Hayes, Jonathan M. Peake, Daniel A. Galvão, Dennis R. Taaffe, Nigel Spry, Kazunori Nosaka, Bruce Cornish, Kathryn H. Schmitz, Robert U. Newton

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Background. Resistance exercise is emerging as a potential adjunct therapy to aid in the management of breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL). However, the mechanisms underlying the relationships between the acute and long-term benefits of resistance exercise on BCRL are not well understood. Purpose. To examine the acute inflammatory response to upper-body resistance exercise in women with BCRL and to compare these effects between resistance exercises involving low, moderate, and high loads. The impact on lymphedema status and associated symptoms was also compared. Methods. A total of 21 women, 62 ± 10 years old, with BCRL participated in the study. Participants …

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Planning For Ex Situ Conservation In The Face Of Uncertainty, Stefano Canessa, Sarah J. Converse, Matt West, Nick Clemann, Graeme Gillespie, Michael Mcfadden, Aimee J. Silla, Kirsten M. Parris, Michael A. Mccarthy Jan 2016

Planning For Ex Situ Conservation In The Face Of Uncertainty, Stefano Canessa, Sarah J. Converse, Matt West, Nick Clemann, Graeme Gillespie, Michael Mcfadden, Aimee J. Silla, Kirsten M. Parris, Michael A. Mccarthy

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Ex situ conservation strategies for threatened species often require long-term commitment and financial investment to achieve management objectives. We present a framework that considers the decision to adopt ex situ management for a target species as the end point of several linked decisions. We used a decision tree to intuitively represent the logical sequence of decision making. The first decision is to identify the specific management actions most likely to achieve the fundamental objectives of the recovery plan, with or without the use of ex-situ populations. Once this decision has been made, one decides whether to establish an ex situ …

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