Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Modular And Integrated Systems For Nanoparticle And Microparticle Synthesis-A Review, Hongda Lu, Shi Tang, Guolin Yun, Haiyue Li, Yuxin Zhang, Ruirui Qiao, Weihua Li

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Nanoparticles (NPs) and microparticles (MPs) have been widely used in different areas of research such as materials science, energy, and biotechnology. On-demand synthesis of NPs and MPs with desired chemical and physical properties is essential for different applications. However, most of the conventional methods for producing NPs/MPs require bulky and expensive equipment, which occupies large space and generally need complex operation with dedicated expertise and labour. These limitations hinder inexperienced researchers to harness the advantages of NPs and MPs in their fields of research. When problems individual researchers accumulate, the overall interdisciplinary innovations for unleashing a wider range of directions …

Biomechanics Of Lower Limb In Badminton Lunge: A Systematic Scoping Review, Wing Lam, Duo Wong, Winson Lee

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Background. Badminton is a popular sport activity in both recreational and elite levels. A lot of biomechanical studies have investigated badminton lunge, since good lunge performance may increase the chances to win the game. This review summarized the current trends, research methods, and parameters-of-interest concerning lower-extremity biomechanics in badminton lunges. Methodology. Databases including Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and PubMed were searched from the oldest available date to September 2020. Two independent authors screened all the articles and 20 articles were eligible for further review. The reviewed articles compared the differences among playing levels, footwear designs, and lunge directions/variations, …

Advances In Modelling Gold Nanoparticle Radiosensitization Using New Geant4-Dna Physics Models, Elette Engels, Samer Bakr, David Bolst, Dousatsu Sakata, Nan Li, Peter Lazarakis, Stephen Mcmahon, Vladimir Ivanchenko, Anatoly B. Rosenfeld, Sebastien Incerti, Ioanna Kyriakou, Dimitris Emfietzoglou, Michael L. F Lerch, Moeava Tehei, Stéphanie Corde, Susanna Guatelli

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Gold nanoparticles have demonstrated significant radiosensitization of cancer treatment with x-ray radiotherapy. To understand the mechanisms at the basis of nanoparticle radiosensitization, Monte Carlo simulations are used to investigate the dose enhancement, given a certain nanoparticle concentration and distribution in the biological medium. Earlier studies have ordinarily used condensed history physics models to predict nanoscale dose enhancement with nanoparticles. This study uses Geant4-DNA complemented with novel track structure physics models to accurately describe electron interactions in gold and to calculate the dose surrounding gold nanoparticle structures at nanoscale level. The computed dose in silico due to a clinical kilovoltage beam …

Clinical Utility Of Pressure Feedback To Socket Design And Fabrication, Lucy E. Armitage, Angela Buller, Ginu Rajan, Gangadhara Prusty, Anne Simmons, Lauren Kark

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Background:

The clinical utility of measuring pressure at the prosthetic socket-residual limb interface is currently unknown.

Objectives:

This study aimed to identify whether measuring interface pressure during prosthetic design and fabrication results in closer agreement in pressure measurements between sockets made by different clinicians, and a reduction in pressure over areas of concern. It also investigated whether clinicians value knowing the interface pressure during the fabrication process.

Study design:

Mixed methods.

Methods:

Three prosthetists designed a complete prosthetic system for a transtibial residual limb surrogate. Standardised mechanical testing was performed on each prosthetic system to gain pressure measurements at four …

Development And Evaluation Of A Versatile Semi-Active Suspension System For High-Speed Railway Vehicles, Tianhe Jin, Zhiming Liu, Shuaishuai Sun, Zunsong Ren, Lei Deng, Bo Yang, Matthew Christie, Weihua Li

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

With the increase in speed of high-speed trains, their vibration will become fiercer and fiercer, especially when the lateral resonance of the car body occurs. This paper develops a versatile semi-active suspension system with variable stiffness (VS) magnetorheological elastomer (MRE) isolators and variable damping (VD) magnetorheological (MR) dampers for high-speed trains, aiming to improve ride comfort by avoiding car body resonance and dissipating vibration energy. As the first step, a multifunction VSVD semi-active suspension system for high-speed railway vehicles was designed and prototyped, including four VS-MRE isolators and two VD-MR dampers. After that, a scaled train model, composing of a …

Negative Sequence Voltage Compensating For Unbalanced Standalone Brushless Doubly-Fed Induction Generator, Wei Xu, Omer Mohammed Elbabo Mohammed, Yi Liu, Md Rabiul Islam

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

During the unbalance operation of a standalone brushless doubly-fed induction generator (BDFIG), the negative sequence component causes significant unbalanced effect on the voltage and current of the power winding (PW). In this paper, anew control strategy is proposed to minimize the voltage unbalance effect of a standalone BDFIG under unbalanced loads. The proposed control strategy consists of two parts. The first part represents the conventional direct voltage control (DVC) strategy to control the frequency and magnitude of the positivesequence PW voltage. The second part is the proposed strategy to minimize the negative sequence component in the output voltage of PW …

Extraction Of Strategically Important Elements From Brines: Constraints And Opportunities, Biplob K. Pramanik, Long D. Nghiem, Faisal I. Hai

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Strategically important elements are those that are vital to advanced manufacturing, low carbon technologies and other growing industries. Ongoing depletion and supply risks to these elements are a critical concern, and thus, recovery of these elements from low-grade ores and brines has generated significant interest worldwide. Among the strategically important elements, this paper focuses on rare earth elements (REEs), the platinum-group metals and lithium due to their wide application in the advanced industrial economics. We critically review the current methods such as precipitation, ion exchange and solvent extraction for extracting these elements from low-grade ores and brines and provide insight …

Nitrite Admixed Concrete For Wastewater Structures: Mechanical Properties, Leaching Behavior And Biofilm Development, Xuan Li, Liza O'Moore, Simeon Wilkie, Yarong Song, Jing Wei, Philip Bond, Zhiguo Yuan, Lucija Hanzic, Guangming Jiang

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

This study systematically investigated the impacts of calcium nitrite addition on the mechanical properties and biofilm communities of concrete-based wastewater infrastructures using sulfate resistant cement through standard tests and DNA sequencing, respectively. The results revealed that setting time and water demand for normal consistency were reduced, but slump, drying shrinkage, and apparent volume of permeable voids increased with calcium nitrite dosage up to 4% weight of cement. The cumulative leached fraction of nitrite, 28-day compressive strength and biofilm communities were not significantly affected by calcium nitrite dosages. The addition of calcium nitrite into concrete is environmentally friendly to wastewater infrastructures.

Overload Damage Mechanisms Of Gfrp-Rc Beams Subjected To High-Intensity Low-Velocity Impact Loads, Zein Saleh, M Neaz Sheikh, Alex M. Remennikov, Abheek Basu

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

This paper investigates the overload capabilities and damage mechanisms of Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) bar reinforced concrete beams subject to high-intensity low-velocity impact loads. The overload condition of the beam is defined as the capability of the beam to sustain input impact energy exceeding its quasi-static energy absorption capacity. Nine GFRP bar reinforced concrete (GFRP-RC) beams were tested under three levels of increasing input impact energy. The shear capacities of the beams were varied by using three spacings of the shear reinforcement. The midspan deflection histories, impact loads, reaction forces, and accelerations of the beams were measured. The crack …

Improved Integrated Nucleus-Nucleus Inelastic Cross Sections For Light Nuclides In Geant4, Dosatsu Sakata, Susanna Guatelli, E Simpson

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

We propose a new root-mean-square radius parameterization for light nuclei A≤30 suitable for use in Geant4 calculations of nucleus-nucleus total hadronic inelastic scattering cross sections. The new approach takes into account the proton-neutron asymmetry of the reactants, and was fit to 360 measured total inelastic cross sections from the EXFOR database. Measured nuclear radii are better described in the new approach than the current Geant4 implementation, particularly for unstable nuclides, and there is better agreement with measured cross sections for both stable and unstable nuclides. The improved parameterization should help in carbon-ion therapy applications in particular.

Gait Asymmetry And Variability In Older Adults During Long-Distance Walking: Implications For Gait Instability, Duo Wong, Wing Lam, Winson Lee

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

2019 Background: Physical exercise, such as walking, is imperative to older adults. However, long-distance walking may increase walking instability which exposes them to some fall risks. Objective: To evaluate the influence of long-distance walking on gait asymmetry and variability of older adults. Method: Sixteen physically active older adults were instructed to walk on a treadmill for a total of 60 min. Gait experiments were conducted over-ground at the baseline (before treadmill-walk), after first 30 min (30-min) and second 30 min (60-min) of the walk. In addition to spatiotemporal parameters, median absolute deviation of the joint angular velocity was measured to …

Experimental And Numerical Study Of Temperature Field And Molten Pool Dimensions In Dissimilar Thickness Laser Welding Of Ti6al4v Alloy, Zhixiong Li, Khashayar Rostam, Afshin Panjehpour, Mohammad Akbari, Arash Karimipour, Sara Rostami

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

2019 The Society of Manufacturing Engineers Laser study is an important consideration in the present century with advances in laser technology. Titanium alloys are of great importance to the defense industry, aerospace and other industries due to its properties, including strength to weight. In this research, experimental and numerical study are investigated for laser welding on sheets of Ti6Al4V alloy with different thicknesses. Analysis of the temperature distribution around the molten pool and dimensions of the depth and width of the molten pool are performed by changing the parameters of laser such as focal length, speed of laser welding and …

A Framework Towards Data Analysis On Host-Pathogen Protein-Protein Interactions, Huaming Chen, Jun Shen, Lei Wang, Jiangning Song

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

With the rapid development of high-throughput technologies, systems biology is now embracing a great opportunity made possible by the increased accumulation of data available online. Biological data analytics is considered as a critical means to contribute to a better understanding on such data through extraction of the latent features, relationships and the associated mechanisms. Therefore, it is important to evaluate how to involve data analytics from both computational and biological perspectives in practice. This paper has investigated interaction relationships in the proteomics area, which provide insights of the critical molecular processes within infection mechanisms. Specifically, we focused on host–pathogen protein–protein …

Novel Topological Nodal Lines And Exotic Drum-Head-Like Surface States In Synthesized Cscl-Type Binary Alloy Tios, Xiaotian Wang, Guangqian Ding, Zhenxiang Cheng, Gokhan Surucu, Xiaolin Wang, Tie Yang

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

2020 Very recently, searching for new topological nodal line semimetals (TNLSs) and drum-head-like (DHL) surface states has become a hot topic in the field of physical chemistry of materials. Via first principles, in this study, a synthesized CsCl type binary alloy, TiOs, was predicted to be a TNLS with three topological nodal lines (TNLs) centered at the X point in the kx/y/z = π plane, and these TNLs, which are protected by mirror, time reversal (T) and spatial inversion (P) symmetries, are perpendicular to one another. The exotic drum-head-like (DHL) surface states can be clearly observed inside and outside the …

Analog Least Mean Square Loop For Self-Interference Cancellation: A Practical Perspective, Anh Tuyen Le, Le Chung Tran, Xiaojing Huang, Y. Jay Guo

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Self-interference (SI) is the key issue that prevents in-band full-duplex (IBFD) communications from being practical. Analog multi-tap adaptive filter is an efficient structure to cancel SI since it can capture the nonlinear components and noise in the transmitted signal. Analog least mean square (ALMS) loop is a simple adaptive filter that can be implemented by purely analog means to sufficiently mitigate SI. Comprehensive analyses on the behaviors of the ALMS loop have been published in the literature. This paper proposes a practical structure and presents an implementation of the ALMS loop. By employing off-the-shelf components, a prototype of the ALMS …

Beam-Based Analog Self-Interference Cancellation In Full-Duplex Mimo Systems, Anh Tuyen Le, Le Chung Tran, Xiaojing Huang, Y. Jay Guo

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Self-interference (SI) cancellation for full-duplex (FD) multiple input multiple output (MIMO) systems is challenging due to both hardware and signal processing complexity. In this paper, a beam-based adaptive filter structure with analog least mean square (ALMS) loops is proposed to significantly reduce the complexity of SI cancellation for FD MIMO systems. With this structure, the number of adaptive filters required for SI cancellation scales linearly with the number of transmit beams rather than quadratically with the number of antennas. Furthermore, to avoid additional transmit chains used to upconvert the beam signals to generate reference signals for the ALMS loops, a …

Novel Dtn Mobility-Driven Routing In Autonomous Drone Logistics Networks, Saeid Iranmanesh, Raad Raad, Muhammad Salman Raheel, Faisel Em M Tubbal, Tony Jan

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Drones have become prevalent for the delivery of goods by many retail companies such as Amazon and Dominos. Amazon has an issued patent that describes how drones scan and collect data on their fly-overs while dropping off packages. In this context, we propose a path optimization algorithm for a drone multi-hop communications network that can carry and forward data in addition to its primary function of parcel deliveries. We argue that traditional Delay Tolerant Networking (DTN) based protocols may not be efficient for this purpose. Therefore, this paper proposes a new DTN-based algorithm that optimizes drone flight paths in conjunction …

Experimental Results Of Circular Frp Tube Confined Concrete (Cfft) And Comparison With Analytical Models, Qasim S. Khan, M Neaz Sheikh, Muhammad N. S Hadi

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

2020 Elsevier Ltd This study experimentally investigates the axial compressive behavior of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Tube Confined Concrete (CFRP CFFT) and Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer Tube Confined Concrete (GFRP CFFT) specimens. The experimental results demonstrate significant improvement in the axial stress-strain behavior of CFRP CFFT and GFRP CFFT specimens with an increase in thicknesses of CFRP tubes and GFRP tubes, respectively. The axial stress-strain (fc−εc) curves of CFRP CFFT and GFRP CFFT specimens were constructed using well-known stress-strain models for Fiber Reinforced Polymer confined concrete. The fc−εc curves of CFRP CFFT and GFRP CFFT specimens constructed using the Samaan …

A Laboratory Study On Fluidization Of Subgrade Under Cyclic Train Loading, Buddhima Indraratna, Mandeep Singh, Thanh Trung Nguyen, Serge Leroueil, Aruni Lakmali Abeywickrama Bamunusing Kankanamge, Richard B. Kelly, Tim Neville

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

A long term issue that has hampered the efficient operation of heavy haul tracks is the migration of fluidized fines from the shallow soft subgrade to the overlying ballast, i.e., mud pumping. This paper presents a series of undrained cyclic triaxial tests, where realistic cyclic loading conditions were simulated at low confining pressure that is typical of shallow subgrade beneath a ballast track. Subgrade soil specimens with a low plasticity index collected from a field site with recent history of mud pumping were tested at frequencies from 1.0 to 5.0 Hz and a cyclic stress ratio (CSR) from 0.1 to …

Re-Examining Log Law Velocity Profile In Smooth Open Channel Flows, Nadeeka Miguntanna, Hamish Moses, Muttucumaru Sivakumar, Shu-Qing Yang, Keith Enever, Muhammad Zain Bin Riaz

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

2020, Springer Nature B.V. A comprehensive investigation of velocity distribution is presented, and the log law is re-examined using experimental data from a smooth uniform open channel flow. It is widely reported that the coefficients of the log law in channel flows deviate from those obtained from circular pipe flows by Nikuradse (Laws of flow in rough pipes, 1933), but the mechanism is not clear and no theoretical formulae are available to express these deviations. A Laser Doppler Velocimetry system was used to measure velocity profiles at the centre of the channel. The data obtained support previous conclusions that the …

Nonlinear Analysis Of Square Concrete-Filled Double Steel Tubular Slender Columns Incorporating Preload Effects, Mizan Ahmed, Qing Quan Liang, Vipulkumar I. Patel, Muhammad N. S Hadi

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Thin-walled square and circular hollow steel tubes are designed to support the permanent and construction loads of several upper composite floors before filling the concrete into the tubes to form concrete-filled double steel tubular (CFDST) columns. The influences of preloads acting on the steel tubes on the structural responses of slender square CFDST columns have not been investigated either experimentally or numerically. This paper presents a fiber-based computational model for the determination of the interaction behavior of local and global buckling in axially and eccentrically loaded CFDST thin-walled square slender columns including preload effects. The computational modeling method accounts for …

Experimental Investigation And Performance Evaluation Of A Mixed-Flow Air To Air Membrane Enthalpy Exchanger With Different Configurations, Ahmed Khafeef Obaid Al-Bdoor, Zhenjun Ma, Paul Cooper

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

© 2019 Elsevier Ltd This paper presents an experimental investigation and performance evaluation of a mixed-flow air to air membrane enthalpy exchanger with different flow configurations. The moisture diffusivity, water contact angle and elastic modulus of five porous membranes were first experimentally determined using a wet cup test method, a contact angle meter and the tensile test, respectively. The five porous membranes investigated consisted of two Polyvinylidene difluoride membranes with the mean pore diameters of 0.22 µm (PVDF22) and 0.45 µm (PVDF45) respectively, two Nylon membranes with 0.1 µm and 0.45 µm pore sizes respectively and one Polyethersulfone (PES) membrane …

The Variable Resonance Magnetorheological Pendulum Tuned Mass Damper: Mathematical Modelling And Seismic Experimental Studies, Matthew Christie, Shuaishuai Sun, Lei Deng, Donghong Ning, Haiping Du, Shiwu Zhang, Weihua Li

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Tuned mass damper technologies are progressively advancing through innovative application of smart materials, facilitating more versatile infrastructure protection. During seismic events, primarily encountered surrounding fault lines, highrise buildings and other civil structures can suffer catastrophic failures if not adequately protected. Where traditional passive structural protection may mitigate such damage, adaptive systems which provide controllable vibration attenuation across a wide range of excitation frequencies have seen growth in use, overcoming the challenges resulting from unpredictable seismic spectrums. As a robust solution to this problem, this article presents and analyses a variable resonance magnetorheological-fluid-based pendulum tuned mass damper which employs a rotary …

Solar Medium-Low Temperature Thermal Utilization And Effect Analysis Of Boundary Condition: A Tutorial, Yu Bie, Zhixiong Li, Jilin Lei, Zhenjun Ma, Ming Li, Grzegorz Krolczyk, Weihua Li

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

© 2020 International Solar Energy Society Solar thermal utilization is an important part of renewable energy applications, and its development and application have received extensive attention. Based on the development status of medium and low temperature solar thermal utilization systems, this paper first introduces the application and performance research on subsystems of the solar system including heat collection, heat storage and heat utilization units. It then introduces the theoretical and experimental development of matching relationships and dynamic performance of the medium and low temperature thermal utilization systems. Lastly, a case study analysis of a solar thermal system performance was carried …

Microscopic Characteristics Of Magnetorheological Fluids Subjected To Magnetic Fields, Ningning Wang, Xinhua Liu, Shuaishuai Sun, Grzegorz Krolczyk, Zhixiong Li, Weihua Li

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

© 2020 Elsevier B.V. With the aim of studying the microscopic characteristics of a magnetorheological fluid (MRF) in a magnetic field, the theoretical analyses of the particles dynamics in a magnetic field are presented, and a model for the particle motion is proposed. Based on these analyses, a three-dimensional numerical simulation of the microstructure of MRFs in different magnetic fields is performed. Furthermore, the microstructures of the MRFs are investigated using industrial computed tomography (CT) imaging. The numerical simulation and industrial CT results indicate that the chain structure of the same MRF becomes more apparent as the magnetic field strength …

Deep Integro-Difference Equation Models For Spatio-Temporal Forecasting, Andrew Zammit-Mangion, Christopher K. Wikle

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

2020 Elsevier B.V. Integro-difference equation (IDE) models describe the conditional dependence between the spatial process at a future time point and the process at the present time point through an integral operator. Nonlinearity or temporal dependence in the dynamics is often captured by allowing the operator parameters to vary temporally, or by re-fitting a model with a temporally-invariant linear operator in a sliding window. Both procedures tend to be excellent for prediction purposes over small time horizons, but are generally time-consuming and, crucially, do not provide a global prior model for the temporally-varying dynamics that is realistic. Here, we tackle …

A Blind Ring Signature Based On The Short Integer Solution Problem, Quoc Huy Le, Dung Hoang Duong, Willy Susilo

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

2020, Springer Nature Switzerland AG. A blind ring signature scheme is a combination of a ring signature and a blind signature, which allows not only any member of a group of signers to sign on a message on behalf of the group without revealing its identity but also the user who possesses the message to blind it before sending to the group to be signed. Blind ring signature schemes are essential components in e-commercial, e-voting etc. In this paper, we propose the first blind ring signature scheme based on lattices. More precisely, our proposed scheme is proven to be secure …

A Comprehensive Numerical Analysis Of Cross-Flow Vortex-Induced Vibrations For Top Tension Risers Under Different Flows, Guijie Liu, Haiyang Li, Zhaozun Qiu, Zhixiong Li

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

In this paper, the cross-flow vortex-induced vibration (VIV) response of a top tension riser under different flow fields are comprehensively studied using a numerical simulation model based on time domain analysis. A semi-empirical time-domain analysis model that considers the fluid-structure interaction problem in the riser vibration process is proposed and verified by comparison with the previous experimental results. The influence of the flow velocity, the spanwise length of the flow field, and other factors on the VIV amplitude and frequency characteristics of the riser is analyzed in detail. The results show that the VIV response of the riser exhibits obvious …

Effect Of Alumina Nano-Powder On The Natural Convection Of Water Under The Influence Of A Magnetic Field In A Cavity And Optimization Using Rms: Using Empirical Correlations For The Thermal Conductivity And A Sensitivity Analysis, Zhixiong Li, Ahmed Hussein, Obai Younis, Sara Rostami, Wei He

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

2020 Elsevier Ltd In the current research, the free convection and radiation heat transfer of the alumina/water nanofluid in a two-dimensional square cavity at an angle of 45° with the horizontal has been studied numerically. With the aid of the Plackett-Burman method, the orders of the parameters are determined based on the Nusselt number, entropy generation, and irreversibility. After selecting the most important parameters, the relationship between the inputs and outputs is established via central composite design. Hence, the magnetic field, the radiation parameter, the pipes aspect ratio, and the Rayleigh number have the most effect on the flow and …

Combined General Vector Machine For Single Point Electricity Load Forecast, Binbin Yong, Yongqiang Wei, Jun Shen, Fucun Li, Xuetao Jiang, Qingguo Zhou

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

General Vector Machine (GVM) is a newly proposed machine learning model, which is applicable to small samples forecast scenarios. In this paper, the GYM is applied into electricity load fore­cast based on single point modeling method. Meanwhile, traditional time series forecast models, including back propagation neural network (BPNN), Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average Model ( ARIMA), are also experimented for single point electricity load forecast. Further, the combined model based on GYM, BPNN, SVM and ARIMA are proposed and verified. Results show that GYM performs better than these traditional models, and the combined model outperforms any …