Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Microstructure And Mechanical Properties Of Thin Varying Thickness Strips With Different Transition Zones Produced By Micro Flexible Rolling, Mingshuai Huo, Jingwei Zhao, Haibo Xie, Shengli Li, Hongmei Zhang, Zhiping Hu, Zhengyi Jiang

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

In order to better understand transition zones with a variety of structural features that affect thin varying thickness strips, 6061 aluminium alloy thin strips were flexibly rolled into different thickness ratios and transition zone lengths, using an innovative micro rolling mill. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the thin varying thickness strips produced by micro flexible rolling were systematically investigated and the mechanisms were analysed. The results indicate that a thin varying thickness strip with either a larger thickness ratio or a shorter transition zone length will present a relatively high slope of the transition zone during micro flexible rolling. …

Quantification Of Texture-Induced Ridging In Ferritic Stainless Steels 430 And 430lr During Tensile Deformation, Xiaoguang Ma, Jingwei Zhao, Wei Du, Xin Zhang, Laizhu Jiang, Zhengyi Jiang

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

A comparative study has been carried out to assess the effect of rolling and annealing processes on ridging generation of ferritic stainless steels (FSSs) 430 and 430LR after tensile deformation. The results show that FSS 430LR has better ridging resistance owing tothe refinement of microstructure and crystallographic texture optimisation. A 30% reduction of ridging height can be achieved using FSS 430LR compared to FSS 430 after tension.Optimal reduction during cold rolling benefits the microstructural refinement and surface quality improvement of FSSs 430 and 430LR. Both theoretical calculations and experimental results indicate that the (1 1 2) and the (0 0 …

Numerical And Experimental Studies On A New Variable Stiffness And Damping Magnetorheological Fluid Damper, Hui Huang, Shuaishuai Sun, Shumei Chen, Weihua Li

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

This article describes a new magnetorheological fluid damper; its damping and stiffness are variable and controllable through the compact structure of two damping units and a spring. The ability of variable stiffness and damping enables it to be used for more effective vibration control in wide-band excitation wave occasions. First, the effective stiffness and output damping force are calculated in theory. Then, the magnetic field is simulated by finite element analysis. After the prototype of the new magnetorheological fluid damper is developed and machined, the damper's performances are tested in a hydraulic actuated MTS machine, including stiffness variability and damping …

Rapid, One-Step Preparation Of Sers Substrate In Microfluidic Channel For Detection Of Molecules And Heavy Metal Ions, Sheng Yan, Fangjia Chu, Haiyun Zhang, Yuan Yuan, Yingzhou Huang, Anping Liu, Shuxia Wang, Weihua Li, Shunbo Li, Weijia Wen

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

On-chip fabrication of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS)-active materials enables continuous, real-time sensing of targets in the microfluidic chip. However, the current techniques require the time-consuming, complicated process and costly, bulky facilities. In this work, we present a novel method for synthesis of Ag nanostructures in a microfluidic channel via one-step electroless galvanic replacement reaction. The whole reaction could be achieved <10 >mins, while the traditional methods take hours. The microfluidic channel has a Cu base, which can reduce Ag ions to Ag nanoparticles in the presence of AgNO₃ solution. The new technique enables the label-free sensing of chemical molecules (i.e., …

Conditionally Integrable Nonlinear Diffusion With Diffusivity 1/U, Philip Broadbridge, Joanna M. Goard

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

An explicit mapping is given from the space of general complex meromorphic functions to a space of special time-dependent solutions of the 1 + 2-dimensional nonlinear diffusion equation with diffusivity depending on concentration as D = 1/u. These solutions have constant-flux boundary conditions. Some simple examples are constructed, including that of a line source enclosed by a cylindrical barrier. This has direct application to electron diffusion in a laser-heated plasma.

Carbon Nanotube Based Fiber Supercapacitor As Wearable Energy Storage, Zan Lu, Raad Raad, Farzad Safaei, Jiangtao Xi, Zhoufeng Liu, Javad Foroughi

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Energy storage is a key requirement for the emerging wearable technologies. Recent progress in this direction includes the development of fiber based batteries and capacitors and even some examples of such fibers incorporated into prototype textiles. Herein we discuss the advantages of using the wet-spinning process to create nanostructured carbon basedmaterials as wearable energy storage. The ability to control the physical, mechanical, electrical, and electrochemical properties of carbon nanotube based fibers holds great promise to develop smart polymeric structure as an energy storing materials including fibers and textiles. This is the first comprehensive review to discuss effect of nanostructured energy …

End-To-End Multimodal 16-Day Hatching Eggs Classification, Lei Geng, Zhen Peng, Zhitao Xiao, Jiangtao Xi

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Sixteen-day hatching eggs are divided into fertile eggs, waste eggs, and recovered eggs. Because different categoriesmayhave the same characteristics, they are difficult to classify. Fewexisting algorithms can successfully solve this problem. To this end, we propose an end-to-end deep learning network structure that uses multiple forms of signals. First, we collect the photoplethysmography (PPG) signal of the hatching eggs to obtain heartbeat information and photograph hatching eggs with a camera to obtain blood vessel pictures. Second, we use two different network structures to process the two kinds of signals: Temporal convolutional networks are used to process heartbeat information, and convolutional …

Evaluation Of Coal Seam Gas Drainability For Outburst-Prone And High-Co2-Containing Coal Seam, Lei Zhang, Ting X. Ren, Naj Aziz, Cun Zhang

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

This paper presents the results of an evaluation study of gas drainability in the Bulli seam in the Southern Coalfield of the Sydney Basin, NSW, Australia, where the coal seam gas (CSG) contains a high proportion of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ). Historically the gas drainability in some particular areas of this coal seam was found to be particularly poor, which posed a significant challenge to gas predrainage. As a result, a large volume of greenhouse gases were released to the atmosphere during mining of the coal seam. Furthermore, the high gas content associated with the CO 2 -rich composition …

Analytical Investigation On The Behavior Of Circular And Square Rc Columns Strengthened With Rpc And Wrapped With Frp Under Uniaxial Compression, Atheer Hilal Mahdi Al - Gburi, M Neaz Sheikh, Muhammad N. S Hadi

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

This paper presents an analytical approach to predict the uniaxial compression behavior of circular and square reinforced concrete (RC) columns strengthened with reactive powder concrete (RPC) jackets and wrapped with fiber reinforced polymer (FRP). The analytical axial load-axial strain responses of the strengthened RC columns were compared with experimental axial load-axial strain responses. The analytical approach presented in this study conservatively predicted the ultimate axial load of the strengthened RC columns. Also, a parametric study was carried out to investigate key factors that influence the axial load-axial strain response of the strengthened RC columns. It was found that the ratio …

The Rapid Chemically Induced Corrosion Of Concrete Sewers At High H2s Concentration, Xuan Li, Liza O'Moore, Yarong Song, Philp Bond, Zhiguo Yuan, Simeon Wilkie, Lucija Hanzic, Guangming Jiang

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Concrete corrosion in sewers is primarily caused by H2S in sewer atmosphere. H2S concentration can vary from several ppm to hundreds of ppm in real sewers. Our understanding of sewer corrosion has increased dramatically in recent years, however, there is limited knowledge of the concrete corrosion at high H2S levels. This study examined the corrosion development in sewers with high H2S concentrations. Fresh concrete coupons, manufactured according to sewer pipe standards, were exposed to corrosive conditions in a pilot-scale gravity sewer system with gaseous H2S at 1100 ± 100 ppm. The corrosion process was continuously monitored by measuring the surface …

Interaction Between Nano-Voids And Migrating Grain Boundary By Molecular Dynamics Simulation, Liang Zhang, Yasushi Shibuta, Cheng Lu, Xiaoxu Huang

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Understanding the interaction between void and grain boundary (GB) is important to the design of radiation resistant materials by GB engineering and to achieve high quality metallurgical diffusion joining. In this study, the interaction between nano-voids and GBs has been systematically investigated by molecular dynamics simulations. The bicrystal Cu sample was used throughout the work, and the dynamic GB-void interaction was achieved by GB migration under shear deformation. Both high-angle GBs (Σ5 (310) GB, Σ5 (210) GB) and low-angle GBs (Σ37 (750) GB, Σ61 (650) GB) were investigated, and the effect of void size and temperature on the simulation result …

Evaluation Of Organ Doses Following Prostate Treatment With Permanent Brachytherapy Seeds: A Geant4 Monte Carlo Simulation Study, M R. Fahmi, Nurul Hashikin, C H. Yeong, Susanna Guatelli, Kwanhoong Ng, Alessandra Malaroda, Anatoly B. Rosenfeld, Alan C. Perkins

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

This study aimed to evaluate the absorbed doses received by the organs at risk (OARs) following prostate treatment with permanent Iodine-125 (125I) brachytherapy seeds. In order to simulate an enlarged abnormal prostate due to malignancy, the MIRD5 adult male anthropomorphic phantom (readily available in the Geant4 Monte Carlo package) was modified by increasing the prostate volume to 35 cm3. The permanent seeds were constructed with an outer cylindrical dimension of 4.5 mm (length) x 0.8 mm (diameter). The effects of various activity per seed (0.5, 0.6 and 0.8 mCi), number of seeds (62, 78, 94 and 110 seeds) and radionuclides, …

Experimental Electron-Detachment Cross Sections For Collisions Of O2- With N2 Molecules In The Energy Range 50-7000 Ev, M Mendes, C Guerra, A I. Lozano, D Rojo, J C. Oller, Paulo Limao-Vieira, Gustavo Garcia

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

An experimental setup has been implemented to obtain absolute total electron detachment cross sections and relative ionization cross sections in the energy range 50-7000 eV in gas-phase collisions between anionic beams and neutral molecular targets. The primary anionic beam (O2-) is produced through a pulsed hollow cathode discharge-induced plasma, deflected and focused towards the collision region where the molecular target is maintained at a well-known pressure. Electron detachment cross sections are measured from the attenuation of the O2- beam after interaction with N2 molecules confined in a gas cell. Negative and positive fragment ions produced during the collisions are extracted …

Lattice Boltzmann Method Modeling Of Magnetic Water-Based Nanofluid Through A Permeable Three-Dimensional Enclosure, M Sheikholeslami, S Shehzad, Ahmad Shafee, F Abbasie, R Kandasamy, Zhixiong Li

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

In this work, the mesoscopic theory is invoked to depict nanoparticle transportation through a porous cavity. Different amounts of Lorentz forces, Rayleigh number and permeability on the working fluid treatment have been examined. Al₂O3-H₂O is selected including the Brownian motion effect. Isokinetic, streamlines, and isotherms contours are various shapes of outputs. Results illustrate that the increase in magnetic forces lead to an increase in the conduction mode. Dispersing nanoparticles aids to increase the Hartmann number.

On The Use Of Sprays To Intercept Airborne Embers During Wildfires, Alan Green, Nigel Kaye

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

This technical note outlines an initial assessment of the feasibility of using water sprays to intercept and extinguish airborne embers, as a means to protect buildings during wildfires. An analytical model was developed to calculate the probability of inter-particle collisions within two intersecting streams of particles, and was then applied to a range of test cases involving embers and water droplets. Results from this simplified analysis indicated that water sprays could effectively protect buildings from 'ember attack' in this manner, but only when either: i) large water flow rates were used (in the order of 1 L s⁻¹ per …

Removal Of Hg(Ii) In Aqueous Solutions Through Physical And Chemical Adsorption Principles, Mengdan Xia, Zhixin Chen, Yao Li, Chuanhua Li, Nasir M. Ahmad, Waqas A. Cheema, Shenmin Zhu

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Adsorption has been the focus of research on the treatment of heavy metal mercury pollution since it is among the most toxic heavy metals in existence. The US EPA has set a mandatory discharge limit of 10 μg Hg L^-1 for wastewater and for drinking water a maximum accepted concentration of 1 μg Hg L^-1. Physical adsorption and chemical adsorption are the two major mechanisms of adsorption methods used for mercury removal in aqueous sources. The recent decades' research progress is reviewed to elaborate varieties of adsorption materials ranging from materials with large surface area for physical …

Experiential Probabilistic Assessment Of Cloud Services, Mahdi Fahmidehgholami, Ghassan Beydoun, Graham C. Low

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Substantial difficulties in adopting cloud services are often encountered during upgrades of existing software systems. A reliable early stage analysis can facilitate an informed decision process of moving systems to cloud platforms. It can also mitigate risks against system quality goals. Towards this, we propose an interactive goal reasoning approach which is supported by a probabilistic layer for the precise analysis of cloud migration risks to improve the reliability of risk control. The approach is illustrated using a commercial scenario of integrating a digital document processing system to Microsoft Azure cloud platform.

Metamorphic Relations For Enhancing System Understanding And Use, Zhi Q. Zhou, Liqun Sun, Tsong Yueh Chen, Dave Towey

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Modern information technology paradigms, such as online services and off-the-shelf products, often involve a wide variety of users with different or even conflicting objectives. Every software output may satisfy some users, but may also fail to satisfy others. Furthermore, users often do not know the internal working mechanisms of the systems. This situation is quite different from bespoke software, where developers and users usually know each other. This paper proposes an approach to help users to better understand the software that they use, and thereby more easily achieve their objectives - even when they do not fully understand how the …

Ea-Gans: Edge-Aware Generative Adversarial Networks For Cross-Modality Mr Image Synthesis, Biting Yu, Luping Zhou, Lei Wang, Yinghuan Shi, Jurgen Fripp, Pierrick Bourgeat

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is a widely used medical imaging protocol that can be configured to provide different contrasts between the tissues in human body. By setting different scanning parameters, each MR imaging modality reflects the unique visual characteristic of scanned body part, benefiting the subsequent analysis from multiple perspectives. To utilize the complementary information from multiple imaging modalities, cross-modality MR image synthesis has aroused increasing research interest recently. However, most existing methods only focus on minimizing pixel/voxel-wise intensity difference but ignore the textural details of image content structure, which affects the quality of synthesized images. In this paper, we …

Improving The Security Of The Drs Scheme With Uniformly Chosen Random Noise, Arnaud Sipasseuth, Thomas Plantard, Willy Susilo

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

At PKC 2008, Plantard et al. published a theoretical framework for a lattice-based signature scheme. Recently, after ten years, a new signature scheme dubbed as the Diagonal Reduction Signature (DRS) scheme was presented in the NIST PQC Standardization as a concrete instantiation of the initial work. Unfortunately, the initial submission was challenged by Yu and Ducas using the structure that is present on the secret key noise. In this paper, we are proposing a new method to generate random noise in the DRS scheme to elimite the aforementioned attack, and all subsequent potential variants.

Vitamin D Deficiency During Pregnancy And Its Associated Factors Among Third Trimester Malaysian Pregnant Women, Fui Chee Woon, Yit Siew Chin, Intan Hakimah Ismail, Marijka Batterham, Amir Latiff, Wan Ying Gan, Geeta Appannah, Siti Hussien, Muliana Edi, Meng Tan, Yoke Mun Chan

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Background Despite perennial sunshine, vitamin D deficiency is prevalent among Malaysians especially pregnant women. This study determines the vitamin D status and its associated factors among third trimester pregnant women attending government health clinics in Selangor and Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Methods Information on socio-demographic characteristics, obstetrical history, and sun exposure were obtained through face-to-face interviews. Vitamin D intake was assessed using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration was measured and classified as deficient (< 30 nmol/L), insufficient (30-50 nmol/L), and sufficient ( ≥ 50 nmol/L).

Results Of the 535 pregnant women recruited, 42.6% were vitamin D deficient. They consumed an average of 8.7 ± 6.7 μg of …

Evaluation Of In-Depth Energy Modelling For The Design And Operation Of A Net-Positive Energy Solar Decathlon House, Brendan Banfield, Clayton Mcdowell, Duane A. Robinson, Ashish P. Agalgaonkar

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

The Solar Decathlon is an international competition that challenges collegiate teams from around the world to design and build functioning, sustainable, solar powered houses. The competition is split into ten sub-contests which vary from competition to competition. Contests are a combination of juried (judged by a panel experts) or measured (such as energy usage and thermal comfort) contests. This paper will focus on the measured contests, in particular; energy management, comfort conditions and house functioning. To ensure optimal house performance during the competition, extensive energy and thermal modelling is required to ensure the solar PV and on-site energy storage can …

An Electromagnetic Variable Inertance Device For Seat Suspension Vibration Control, Donghong Ning, Shuaishuai Sun, Haiping Du, Weihua Li, Nong Zhang, Minyi Zheng, Liang Luo

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

This paper designs and builds an electromagnetic variable inertance (VI) device for a heavy duty vehicle seat suspension to reduce the vibration transferred to driver bodies. The conventional semi-active vibration control mainly applies the variable damping (VD) and variable stiffness (VS) devices. The VI device is equivalent to an inerter with the capability to vary its inertance, which is a new semi-active system inspired by the VS device design. The VI device consists of a transmission device, a VD device and two flywheels. By varying the damping of the VD device, the equivalent inertance of the VI device is controllable …

The Effect Of An Air Gap On A 2d Monolithic Silicon Detector For Relative Dosimetry, Kananan Utitsarn, Z A. Alrowaili, Nauljun Stansook, Giordano Biasi, Martin G. Carolan, Michael L. F Lerch, Anatoly B. Rosenfeld

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Purpose: To evaluate the impact of an air gap on the Magic Plate (MP512) response and optimize this gap for relative dosimetry in photon and electron beams. Materials and methods: MP512 is a 2D monolithic silicon detector manufactured on a p-Type substrate. The array consists of 512 pixels with 0.5 x 0.5 mm2 size and 2 mm pitch with an overall dimension of 52 x 52 mm2. The signal ratio (SR) as a function of beam size and the percentage were measured with MP512 in 6 MV and 10 MV photon beams. The enhanced dynamic wedge (EDW) beam profile measurements …

Nonlinear Optical Response Of The Alpha-T-3 Model Due To The Nontrivial Topology Of The Band Dispersion, Lei Chen, Jack Zuber, Zhongshui Ma, C Zhang

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

We study the electronic contribution to the nonlinear optical response of the α-T3 model. This model is an interpolation between a graphene (α = 0) and dice (α = 1) lattice. Using a second-quantized formalism, we calculate the first- and third-order responses for a range of α and chemical potential values as well as considering a band gap in the first-order case. Conductivity quantization is observed for the first-order, while higher-order harmonic generation is observed in the third-order response with the chemical potential determining which applied field frequencies both quantization and harmonic generation occur at. We observe a range of …

Microstructure And Water Distribution In Catalysts For Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells, Elucidated By Contrast Variation Small-Angle Neutron Scattering, Satoshi Koizumi, Satoru Ueda, Takumi Inada, Yohei Noda, Robert A. Robinson

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

By using small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) reinforced by scanning electron microscopy, the fine structure of catalysts for polymer electrolyte fuel cells has been investigated. The experimental data resulting from contrast variation with mixed light and heavy water (H2O/D2O) are well described by a core-shell model with fluctuations in concentration between water and Nafion. In particular, SANS obtained with the mixed water ratio 30/70, which corresponds to a matching point between mixed water and Nafion, shows a broad scattering maximum, which is attributed to a 5 nm-thick Nafion shell on the surface of the larger carbon particles. After swelling by water, …

Metamorphic Robustness Testing: Exposing Hidden Defects In Citation Statistics And Journal Impact Factors, Zhi Q. Zhou, T.H. Tse, Matt Witheridge

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

We propose a robustness testing approach for software systems that process large amounts of data. Our method usesmetamorphic relations to check software output for erroneous input in the absence of a tangible test oracle. We use this technique to testtwo major citation database systems: Scopus and the Web of Science. We report a surprising finding that the inclusion of hyphensin paper titles impedes citation counts, and that this is a result of the lack of robustness of the citation database systems in handlinghyphenated paper titles. Our results are valid for the entire literature as well as for individual fields such …

Combination Model Of Heterogeneous Data For Security Measurement, Xiuze Dong, Yunchuan Guo, Fenghua Li, Liju Dong, Arshad Khan

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Measuring security is a core step for guaranteeing security of network and information systems. Due to massiveness and heterogeneity of measurement data, it is difficult toclassify and combinethem on demand. In thispaper, consideringimplication relationship of metrics, we propose a combination model and combination policy for security measurement. Several examples demonstrate the effectiveness of our model.

Primary Choroidal Lymphoma Diagnosed With 27-Gauge Pars Plana Vitrectomy Choroidal Biopsy, Andrew Kam, Justin Galvin, Svetlana Cherepanoff, Andrew Alexis Miller, Adrian Fung

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Currently, transvitreal fine-needle aspiration biopsy is the most widely used tissue biopsy technique in cases of suspected intraocular lymphoma due to its relative simplicity and low trauma. The small sample produced, however, may be inadequate for diagnostic and prognostic analyses due to mechanical artefacts, insufficient material, or sampling errors. Small case series have demonstrated choroidal biopsy via vitrectomy to be safe and effective. With smaller-gauge vitrectomy instruments, visual recovery is rapid, and post-operative inflammation and conjunctival scarring is minimised. Furthermore, smaller-gauge instrumentation does not appear to affect the diagnostic yield of biopsies for intraocular lymphoma in vitro. We report a …

A Mixture Of Coal Wash And Fly Ash As A Pavement Substructure Material, Dong Wang, Miriam Tawk, Buddhima Indraratna, Ana Heitor, Cholachat Rujikiatkamjorn

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

The reuse of waste materials in engineering projects has become the subject of many research efforts worldwide as it provides economical as well as environmental benefits. Coal wash (CW) and fly ash (FA) are example waste materials that can be used as alternative aggregates in transportation infrastructure projects, specifically as base and subbase materials in roads. Class C FA has been extensively used as a stabilizing material due to its hardening potential. However, Class F fly ash, a non­pozzolanic material when used alone, has not been considered in past research projects. In this study, Class F fly ash is mixed …