Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Effect Of Water-Based Nanolubricant Containing Nano-Tio2 On Friction And Wear Behaviour Of Chrome Steel At Ambient And Elevated Temperatures, Hui Wu, Fanghui Jia, Jingwei Zhao, Shuiquan Huang, Lianzhou Wang, Sihai Jiao, Han Huang, Zhengyi Jiang

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

A novel experimental method was developed through a ball-on-disk tribometer to study the friction and wear behaviour of a chrome steel at temperatures of 25, 200 and 500 °C. Water-based nanolubricants containing different concentrations of nano-TiO2 from 0.4 to 8.0 wt% were used to investigate their effects on friction-reduction and anti-wear mechanisms, in comparison to the benchmarks under dry and water conditions. The results show that the water-based nanolubricants can significantly reduce coefficient of friction (COF) and improve wear resistance of the chrome steel at both ambient and elevated temperatures. In particular, the use of nanolubricant containing an optimal concentration …

Adhesion, Friction And Wear Analysis Of A Chromium Oxide Scale On A Ferritic Stainless Steel, Xiawei Cheng, Zhengyi Jiang, Dongbin Wei, Hui Wu, Laizhu Jiang

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

The aim of this study is to explore the potential engineering application of a thermally grown chromium oxide scale on a ferritic stainless steel. The friction and wear behaviour of the oxide scale were investigated by scratch and pin-on-disk tests. The failure mechanisms of the oxide scale subjected to scratch tests under both progressive and constant loading were investigated. It shows that the oxide scale adheres well to the steel substrate and is in a ductile failure. The oxide scale leads to an increase in the coefficient of friction (COF) under different constant loads when compared to what occurs when …

Insights Into The Behavior Of Polyphosphate Lubricant In Hot Rolling Of Mild Steel, Shaogang Cui, Hongtao Zhu, Anh Kiet Tieu, Guanyu Deng, Shanhong Wan, Qiang Zhu, Bingjing Lin

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Hot rolling with a large reduction is usually performed to produce the fine-grained strips, which leads to a severe wear of work roll and affect substantially the strip quality. As a result, lubricants are usually introduced to reduce these problems, with inorganic polyphosphate glass polymer showing the most promising prospective. This study aims to provide a new insight into the lubrication film at roll/strip interface in hot rolling. A series of lubricated hot rolling tests were performed by a 40wt% sodium metaphosphate aqueous solution under 20-60% reduction, at 950-1150 °C and 0.5 m/s. Thermal behaviors of sodium polyphosphate and the …

Consequence Modelling Of Co2 Pipeline Failure, Xiong Liu, Ajit R. Godbole, Cheng Lu, Guillaume Michal, Valerie M. Linton

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

This paper describes the experimental investigation and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations of the dispersion of CO2 following high-pressure dense phase CO2 pipeline failure. A full-scale burst test was carried out to simulate a CO2 pipeline failure in the real world. The atmospheric dispersion of the CO2 following the explosive release was measured. The CFD models were validated against the experimental data. The models were then used to estimate the consequence distances related to CO2 dispersion following failure of pipelines with various diameters under different wind speeds. This approach provides a predictive formula for the consequence distances of CO2 transmission …

Experimental Study On High-Pressure Air Blasting Fracture For Coal And Rock Mass, Jie Gao, Haifeng Wang, Wei Qin, Qi Ma, Guanyu Yang

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

In order to research on the issue of high-pressure gas blasting fracture deeply, a high-pressure gas blasting cracking experimental system was established; the effects of gas pressure and gas volume on the morphology of crack growth were studied; the p-t curve of pressure in the blasting process with time was obtained; and the mechanism of high-pressure gas blasting cracking was analyzed in this paper. The conclusion has shown that the stage of effect of high-pressure gas blasting on the test block includes three stages: the gas jet impact stage, the crack initiation and development stage, and the perforation fracture stage. …

Asthma Management Application For Consumers: Nudging As A Feature, Nawaf Almutairi, Elena Vlahu-Gjorgievska, Khin Than Win

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Asthma is a serious global health problem and can be seen in all age groups and a number of asthma management applications have been created aiming to increase self-management. The aim of this paper is to identify nudging strategy for the asthma management application based on the context awareness. Nudging feature is proposed to increase the self-management, patient engagement, and symptoms control. The final proposed application was implemented from a theoretical perspective.

Ideals Of Steinberg Algebras Of Strongly Effective Groupoids, With Applications To Leavitt Path Algebras, Lisa Orloff Clark, Cain Edie-Mitchell, Astrid An Huef, Aidan Sims

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

We consider the ideal structure of Steinberg algebras over a commutative ring with identity. We focus on Hausdorff groupoids that are strongly effective in the sense that their reductions to closed subspaces of their unit spaces are all effective. For such a groupoid, we completely describe the ideal lattice of the associated Steinberg algebra over any commutative ring with identity. Our results are new even for the special case of Leavitt path algebras; so we describe explicitly what they say in this context, and give two concrete examples.

Building Integration Of Stator-Augmented Powerwindow, A Linear Cascade Wind Turbine, Seyed A. Jafari, Sina Hassanli, Kenny Kwok, Farzad Safaei, Buyung Kosasih, Ming Zhao

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

This study investigates power generation capacity of stator-augmented PowerWindow, a linear cascade wind turbine, when installed in through-building openings of a tall building. By employing a new approach, referred to as equivalent momentum sink method, the flow characteristics of the ducted flow, such as its pressure, velocity, and turbulence intensity are predicted when subjected to different wind directions in presence of a wind turbine. This study shows that a properly designed layout maintains the velocity in the through-building openings for a wide range of wind directions and enhances the power generation by 50%-80% in comparison with the free-stream wind turbine …

Fertility Detection Of Hatching Eggs Based On A Convolutional Neural Network, Lei Geng, Yuzhou Hu, Zhitao Xiao, Jiangtao Xi

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

In order to achieve the goal of detecting the fertility of hatching eggs which are divided into fertile eggs and dead eggs more accurately and effectively, a novel method combining a convolution neural network (CNN) and a heartbeat signal of the hatching eggs is proposed in this paper. Firstly, we collected heartbeat signals of 9-day-later hatching eggs by the method of PhotoPlethysmoGraphy (PPG), which is a non-invasive method to detect the change of blood volume in living tissues by photoelectric means. Secondly, a sequential convolutional neural network E-CNN, which was used to analyze heartbeat sequence of hatching eggs, was designed. …

A Numerical And Experimental Analysis Of An Integrated Teg-Pcm Power Enhancement System For Photovoltaic Cells, Jo Darkwa, J Calautit, Dengfeng Du, Georgios Kokogiannakis

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Solar photovoltaic (PV) cells especially crystal silicon cells have witnessed a soaring installed capacity during past years. Research efforts have been made to increase the PV conversion efficiency and one direction is towards the cooling of PV systems since a higher PV temperature impairs its conversion efficiency. Phase change materials (PCM) capable of storing large amounts of latent heat are found to be effective on cooling PV cells while thermoelectric generators (TEG) which are solid waste heat converters can be used for converting the heat from PV into electricity. Therefore, this research investigates the concept of an integrated thermoelectric PCM …

Numerical Investigations On The Flexural Behavior Of Gfrp-Rc Beams Under Monotonic Loads, Zein Saleh, M Neaz Sheikh, Alex M. Remennikov, Abheek Basu

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

The behaviour of Glass Fibre-Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) bar reinforced concrete beams varies significantly from the behaviour of traditional steel bar reinforced concrete beams. This paper numerically investigates the response of GFRP bar reinforced concrete (GFRP-RC) beams under monotonic loads. This paper also presents the details of a three-dimensional Finite Element (FE) model for GFRP-RC beams under monotonic loads. The results of the numerical modelling have been validated against the experimental results of nine GFRP-RC beams. The results of the FE analysis have been found to be in very good agreement with the experimental results. Furthermore, a parametric study is carried …

Residual Capacity Of Cold-Formed Steel Rack Uprights Following Stomping During Rocking, James Maguire, Lip H. Teh, G Charles Clifton, James Lim

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

When selective pallet racks are allowed to rock in the cross-aisle direction during an earthquake, the uprights are subjected to short duration high axial forces at stomping. In this paper, the amplitude of the stomping force needed to compromise the upright's residual capacity is assessed for 59 configurations using nonlinear inelastic static and dynamic analyses. Parametric studies are performed to investigate the effects of upright length, bracing pitch, section slenderness, torsional restraints and multiple impulses on the residual capacity of an upright due to rocking. Uprights that fail in the flexural-torsional buckling mode perform better than those that fail by …

A National Wastewater Monitoring Program For A Better Understanding Of Public Health: A Case Study Using The Australian Census, Jake O'Brien, Sharon Grant, Andrew Banks, Raimondo Bruno, Stephen Carter, Phil Choi, Adrian Covaci, Nicholas Crosbie, Coral Gartner, Wayne Hall, Guangming Jiang, Sarit Kaserzon, K Kirkbride, Foon Lai, Rachel Mackie, Judi Marshall, Christoph Ort, Christopher Paxman, Jeremy Prichard, Phong K. Thai, Kevin Thomas, Ben Tscharke, Jochen F. Mueller

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Wastewater contains a large range of biological and chemical markers of human activity and exposures. Through systematic collection and analysis of these markers within wastewater samples it is possible to measure the public health of whole populations. The analysis of effluent and biosolids can also be used to understand the release of chemicals from wastewater treatment plants into the environment. Wastewater analysis and comparison with catchment specific data (e.g. demographics) however remains largely unexplored. This manuscript describes a national wastewater monitoring study that combines influent, effluent and biosolids sampling with the Australian Census. An archiving program allows estimation of per …

Combining Evolutionary Computation With The Variable Neighbourhood Search In Creating An Artificial Music Composer, Reza Zamani

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

This paper presents a procedure which composes music pieces through handling four layers in music, namely pitches, rhythms, dynamics, and timber. As an innovative feature, the procedure uses the combination of a genetic algorithm with a synergetic variable neighbourhood search. Uniform and one-point crossover operators as well as two mutation operators conduct the search in the employed genetic algorithm. The key point with these four operators is that the uniform crossover operator and the first mutation operator are indiscriminate, in the sense of using no knowledge of music theory, whereas the employed one-point crossover operator and the second mutation operator …

Global Regularity Of Optimal Mappings In Non-Convex Domains, Shibing Chen, Jiakun Liu, Xu-Jia Wang

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

In this paper, we establish a global regularity result for the optimal transport problem with the quadratic cost, where the domains may not be convex. This result is obtained by a perturbation argument, using a recent global regularity of optimal transportation in convex domains by the authors.

An Alternative Form To Calibrate The Correlated Stein-Stein Option Pricing Model, Xinjiang He, Song-Ping Zhu

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

In this paper, we present an alternative form of the correlated Stein-Stein option pricing model, which preserves the analytic tractability of the original form and also demonstrates certain advantage for model implementation in practice. We shall show, through an empirical study, that this alternative form generally outperforms the original Stein-Stein form for the selected set of data, demonstrating that it can serve as a good competitor to the original Stein-Stein form in real markets.

Flexural Design Of Gfrp Bar Reinforced Concrete Beams: An Appraisal Of Code Recommendations, Zein Saleh, Matthew Goldston, Alex M. Remennikov, M Neaz Sheikh

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

In this paper, two design codes for the flexural design of Fibre Reinforced Polymer (FRP) bar reinforced concrete beams have been reviewed and compared with the results of the experimental investigations of eight GFRP (Glass Fibre-Reinforced Polymer) bar reinforced concrete (GFRP-RC) beams. It has been demonstrated that experimentally determined load carrying capacities, maximum deflections and energy absorbing capacities have been over-predicted by the relevant code recommendations for the under-reinforced and balanced GFRP-RC beams while being under-predicted for the over-reinforced GFRP-RC beams. This paper will provide a better understanding on the design methods in the two codes to the designers and …

Influence Of Soil Clogging On The Performance Of Jute Fibre Drains Installed In Ballina Clay, Thanh Trung Nguyen, Buddhima Indraratna, John Philip Carter

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Biodegradable prefabricated vertical drains (BPVD) made from naturally occurring materials such as jute and coconut (coir) fibre not only have favourable engineering characteristics but also not detri-mental to the natural environment thanks to their biodegradability. Although the use of these natural fibre drains has been proposed for several decades, their application is still very limited. One of major reasons for this is because they are usually composed of individual fibres with large openings which can trap fine soils while discharging pore pressure, consequently reducing the hydraulic conductivity of the drain. This study therefore aims to clarify how soil can clog …

Proximal Mappings And Moreau Envelopes Of Single-Variable Convex Piecewise Cubic Functions And Multivariable Gauge Functions, Chayne Planiden, Xianfu Wang

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

This work presents a collection of useful properties of the Moreau envelope for finite-dimensional, proper, lower semicontinuous, convex functions. In particular, gauge functions and piecewise cubic functions are investigated and their Moreau envelopes categorized. Characterizations of convex Moreau envelopes are established; topics include strict convexity, strong convexity, and Lipschitz continuity.

Vanishing Fourier Transforms And Generalized Differences In L2(ℝ), Rodney Nillsen

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

No abstract provided.

Dynamic Portfolio Choice With Return Predictability And Transaction Costs, Guiyuan Ma, Chi Chung Siu, Song-Ping Zhu

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

We derive a closed-form solution to a continuous-time optimal portfolio selection problem with return predictability and transaction costs. Specifically, we assume that asset returns are predicted by stochastic signals, and that transaction costs are of quadratic form. The agent chooses a trading strategy to maximize the expected exponential utility of his terminal wealth. Our feedback trading strategy indicates that the agent should trade gradually toward a dynamic aim portfolio, which is a weighted sum of the expected future Merton portfolios. The agent's aim portfolio converges to the Merton portfolio as time approaches the terminal date. Our analysis offers new insights …

Equilibrium States And Growth Of Quasi-Lattice Ordered Monoids, Christopher M. Bruce, Marcelo Laca, Jacqui Ramagge, Aidan Sims

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Each multiplicative real-valued homomorphism on a quasi-lattice ordered monoid gives rise to a quasi-periodic dynamics on the associated Toeplitz $ C^*$-algebra; here we study the KMS equilibrium states of the resulting $ C^*$-dynamical system. We show that under a nondegeneracy assumption on the homomorphism there is a critical inverse temperature $ \beta _c$ such that at each inverse temperature $ \beta \geq \beta _c$ there exists a unique KMS state. Strictly above $ \beta _c$, the KMS states are generalised Gibbs states with density operators determined by analytic extension to the upper half-plane of the unitaries implementing the dynamics. These …

Gpr Target Detection By Joint Sparse And Low-Rank Matrix Decomposition, Fok Hing Chi Tivive, Abdesselam Bouzerdoum, Canicious Abeynayake

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Ground penetrating radar (GPR) uses electromagnetic waves to image, locate, and identify changes in electric and magnetic properties in the ground. The received signal comprises not only the target echoes but also strong reflections from the rough, uneven ground surface, which impair subsurface inspections and visualization of buried objects. In this paper, a background clutter mitigation and target detection method using low-rank and sparse priors is proposed for GPR data. The radar signal is decomposed into the sum of a low-rank component and a sparse component, plus noise. The low-rank component captures the ground surface reflections and background clutter, whereas …

Gvm Based Copy-Dynamics Model For Electricity Load Forecast, Binbin Yong, Liang Huang, Fucun Li, Jun Shen, Xin Wang, Qingguo Zhou

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Electricity load forecast, as the core of electricity scheduling, plays a vital role in meeting the basic needs of modern human life. It has been widely studied in the past few decades. However, literature studies have shown that, as a problem of time series forecast, electricity forecast is prone to be influenced by many environmental factors, which result in lacking accuracy and stability in practice. In this paper, the General Vector Machine (GVM), a new type learning machine which was derived from Neural Network (NN) and Support Vector Machine (SVM), is applied into electricity load forecast. Meanwhile, copy-dynamics idea is …

Efficient Fixed-Base Exponentiation And Scalar Multiplication Based On A Multiplicative Splitting Exponent Recoding, Jean-Marc Robert, Christophe Negre, Thomas Plantard

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Digital signature algorithm (DSA) (resp. ECDSA) involves modular exponentiation (resp. scalar multiplication) of a public and known base by a random one-time exponent. In order to speed up this operation, well-known methods take advantage of the memorization of base powers (resp. base multiples). Best approaches are the Fixed-base radix-R method and the Fixed-base Comb method. In this paper, we present a new approach for storage/online computation trade-off, by using a multiplicative splitting of the digits of the exponent radix-R representation. We adapt classical algorithms for modular exponentiation and scalar multiplication in order to take advantage of the proposed exponent recoding. …

A Monte Carlo Study On The Feasibility Of Real-Time In Vivo Source Tracking During Ultrasound Based Hdr Prostate Brachytherapy Treatments, Joel Poder, Dean L. Cutajar, Susanna Guatelli, Marco Petasecca, Andrew Howie, Joseph A. Bucci, Mauro Carrara, Anatoly B. Rosenfeld

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Purpose

This study aims to assess the accuracy of in-vivo source tracking during real-time trans-rectal ultrasound (TRUS) based high dose rate (HDR) prostate brachytherapy (pBT) through Monte Carlo simulations of multiple HDR pBT treatments with a two-dimensional (2D) diode array, the Magic Plate 900 (MP900), embedded below the patient in a carbon-fibre couch.

Method

Monte Carlo simulations of source positions representing three separate real-time TRUS based HDR pBT treatments were performed using the Geant4 toolkit. For each source position, an Ir-192 source was simulated inside a voxelized patient geometry. Dose deposited from each source position to the MP900 diodes was …

Chemical Clogging Of Granular Media Under Acidic Groundwater Conditions-Experimental Simulation, Buddhima Indraratna, Subhani Kanchanama Medawela, Senura Athuraliya, Ana Heitor, Pankaj Baral

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Generation of acidic groundwater attributed to pyrite oxidation in low-lying acid sulfate soil causes substantial damage to the soil-water environment and civil infrastructure. The installation of Permeable Reactive Barrier (PRB) is a frontier technology in the field of acid neutralisation and for removing toxic heavy metal cations, e.g. soluble Fe and Al. This study aims to assess the potential of limestone (calcite) aggregates as the PRB's main reactive material in low-lying pyritic land. During long-term laboratory column experiments, a significant capacity of limestone for removing the contaminant chemical species was observed. Nevertheless, the formation of secondary mineral precipitates upon geochemical …

New Technique For Strengthening Squarereinforced Concrete Columns By The Circularisation With Reactive Powder Concrete And Wrapping With Fibre-Reinforced Polymer, Atheer Hilal Mahdi Al - Gburi, M Neaz Sheikh, Muhammad N. S Hadi

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

This paper presents a new strengthening technique for square-reinforced concrete (RC) columns by circularisation with reactive powder concrete (RPC) and wrapping with fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP). RC column specimens were tested, divided into four groups of four specimens based on the strengthening technique: four reference square specimens (150mm side length) without any strengthening, four were wrapped with two layers of carbon fibre-reinforced polymer (CFRP) and the remaining eight were strengthened by changing the square cross-section to a 240mm diameter circle with RPC jacket. Four of the RPC jacketed specimens were left unwrapped, while the last four were wrapped with two layers …

Efficient 3d Lateral Analysis Of Cold-Formed Steel Buildings, Nicholas Franklin, Aziz Ahmed, Lip H. Teh, Emma Elizabeth Heffernan, Timothy J. Mccarthy

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Non-structural components contribute significantly to the lateral stiffness of a cold-formed steel (CFS) building structure, but are cumbersome to model explicitly in the structural analysis. They are therefore commonly ignored in a 3D structural analysis, and their benefits are lost to the design. This paper proposes an efficient modelling method that enables practical and accurate 3D elastic analysis of a multi-storey CFS building structure to study its lateral behaviour within the serviceability limit state. Each shear or gravity wall is represented by an equivalent shear modulus four-node orthotropic shell element, which incorporates the lateral stiffness (or flexibility) contributions of all …

Track Structure Simulations Of Proximity Functions In Liquid Water Using The Geant4-Dna Toolkit, Sebastien Incerti, Ioanna Kyriakou, M Bordage, Susanna Guatelli, Vladimir N. Ivanchenko, Dimitris Emfietzoglou

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

The mechanistic Monte Carlo modeling of biological effects of ionising radiation at sub-cellular and DNA scale requires the accurate simulation of track structures in the biological medium, commonly approximated as liquid water. The formalism of microdosimetry allows one to describe quantitatively the spatial distribution of energy deposition in the irradiated medium, which is known to relate to the deleterious effects in the irradiated cellular targets. The Geant4-DNA extension of the Geant4 open-source and general-purpose Monte Carlo simulation toolkit has been recently evaluated for the simulation of microdosimetry spectra, allowing, in particular, the calculation of lineal energy distributions. In this work, …