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Articles 2671 - 2700 of 5000
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Variability Of Cranial Nerve Assignment To Speech And Swallow Muscles, Kristina Morrey
Variability Of Cranial Nerve Assignment To Speech And Swallow Muscles, Kristina Morrey
Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects
The object of this study was to examine and document anatomical variability of cranial nerve assignment for muscles of the speech and swallow mechanism. Through means of textbook review, the study’s first purpose was to identify which cranial nerves were attributed to the innervation for muscles associated with the speech and swallow mechanism. The second purpose was to examine if cranial nerve assignment, field of study, or geographic region explained differences in cranial nerve assignment to muscles of the head and neck.
Ultrasound As An Aversive Stimulus For Use With Rats: A Novel Model Of Aversive Control, Brandon Norlund
Ultrasound As An Aversive Stimulus For Use With Rats: A Novel Model Of Aversive Control, Brandon Norlund
Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects
Negative reinforcers serve to maintain or increase behavior through the removal of an aversive stimulus. The primary method of studying negative reinforcement in non-humans has been through the use of electrical shock. While this method has proven to be reliable, many negative reinforcers that humans and non-humans encounter do not elicit tactile pain. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore a novel, non-human animal model of aversive control without the use of electrical shock as the negative reinforcer. A considerable amount of research has shown that various strains of rats find ultrasonic tones of certain frequencies and amplitudes …
Sociodemographic Correlates Of Public Land Use And Management Preferences Among Utah Residents, Ashley R. Styczynski
Sociodemographic Correlates Of Public Land Use And Management Preferences Among Utah Residents, Ashley R. Styczynski
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
The purpose of this thesis is to look at the preferred use and management of public lands in the state of Utah. The data used in this study was collected through a statewide, random survey measuring the respondent’s preferred use and management of public lands along with social and demographic information. Several quantitative tests were conducted on the variables used to illustrate the following: a snapshot of what the survey population looks like, how each independent variable interacts with the dependent variable, and finally, the combined interaction of all of the independent variables on the dependent variable. The primary goal …
Successes And Challenges Of Family And Consumer Science Extension Agents In The Implementation Of Couple And Relationship Education, Stacey A. Huffaker
Successes And Challenges Of Family And Consumer Science Extension Agents In The Implementation Of Couple And Relationship Education, Stacey A. Huffaker
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
Although healthy relationship initiatives are becoming more common, relatively little is known about the processes and outcomes of these initiatives. This study uses a phenomenological qualitative approach to examine the experiences of Family and Consumer Science (FCS) extension agents in the implementation of couple and relationship education in the Utah Healthy Relationship Initiative. Data were collected through quarterly report forms submitted by extension agents describing successes and barriers to their work. Successes in the project related to collaborative partnerships, attendance/participation, and positive outcomes for participants. Collaborative partnerships were instrumental in reaching more participants and finding cultural resources. The challenges that …
Nondrug Reinforcement Loss And Relapse To Alcohol Seeking In Another Context, Adam D. Pyszczynski
Nondrug Reinforcement Loss And Relapse To Alcohol Seeking In Another Context, Adam D. Pyszczynski
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
Extinguished alcohol-maintained responding has been shown to relapse in a
resurgence preparation when food-reinforced responding is subsequently extinguished within the same context. However, drug and nondrug reinforcers are often specific to different contexts. Accordingly, the present experiments sought to determine whether loss of an alternative source of nondrug reinforcement in one context could produce relapse to drug seeking in a separate context. In one experiment, rats made topographically different responses for food or alcohol in alternating components of a multiple schedule. Both reinforcers were delivered during baseline, alcohol was withheld during the second phase of the experiment, and finally both …
Factors Moderating The Association Between Multiple Rating Sources Of Geriatric Depression: Self, Informant, And Physician, Daniel J. Hatch
Factors Moderating The Association Between Multiple Rating Sources Of Geriatric Depression: Self, Informant, And Physician, Daniel J. Hatch
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
Late-life depression is a major public health concern, associated with poor health outcomes, including doubling of dementia risk. Psychiatric evaluation is impractical in large epidemiological studies, which instead typically rely on self/informant reports, which are subject to various biases (stigma, recall). Few studies have addressed level of agreement between sources. This study examined associations between these sources and assessed whether subject and informant variables moderated these associations. In a population-based study of dementia in Cache County, Utah (2002-5), 1,480 subjects completed an in-depth clinical assessment (CA). Major depression was assessed via the self-report Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and informant-rated Neuropsychiatric …
Determining Profitability Strategies For Various Retained Ownership Enterprises In Utah, Matthew H. Hirschi
Determining Profitability Strategies For Various Retained Ownership Enterprises In Utah, Matthew H. Hirschi
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
With the price of corn now over $6 per bushel, and with feedlot total cost per pound of gain now approaching $1.00 per pound of gain there are new incentives to try and add weight to calves outside of feedlots. The question then arises of how to add weight to a calf in the most economical manner. There are many different feeding programs to consider. However, with few exceptions, the cheapest way to add weight outside of a feedlot usually involves the calf grazing for an extended period of time. Winter pasture grazing, wheat pasture grazing and corn stalk grazing …
Counseling And Psychotherapy With Clients Of Middle Eastern Descent: A Qualitative Inquiry, Sara Boghosian
Counseling And Psychotherapy With Clients Of Middle Eastern Descent: A Qualitative Inquiry, Sara Boghosian
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
It is becoming increasingly important for clinical and counseling psychologists to have multicultural competence skills for treating an increasingly diverse client population. The psychology literature related to culturally competent treatment with persons of Middle Eastern descent is currently limited. In this study, qualitative methodology was utilized to explore the mental health attitudes and psychotherapy experiences of clients of Middle Eastern descent. Participants described culturally influenced mental health attitudes. Major themes included the severity of stigma associated with mental illness, the importance of family in responding to mental illness, and the process of grieving in Middle Eastern cultures. Study findings suggest …
Behavioral Responses Of Willow Flycatchers, Empidonax Traillii, To A Heterogeneous Environment, Amanda V. Bakian
Behavioral Responses Of Willow Flycatchers, Empidonax Traillii, To A Heterogeneous Environment, Amanda V. Bakian
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
Spatial heterogeneity impacts population and community-level dynamics including species-level dispersal patterns, the use and availability of refugia, predator/prey dynamics, and reproductive fitness. Understanding how wild animal populations respond to environmental heterogeneity is essential for their proper management and conservation. In this study, I examine the responses of Willow Flycatchers to spatial heterogeneity in the distribution of their food and habitat resources. Over the course of three breeding seasons, I radio- tracked Willow Flycatchers at Fish Creek in Manti-La Sal National Forest in Utah, recorded detailed behavior data at each radio location, and collected fecal, feather and insect samples. I formulated …
Three Essays On The Economic Impact Of Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy In The United States, Rachna Gollamudi
Three Essays On The Economic Impact Of Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy In The United States, Rachna Gollamudi
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
The first native-born case of Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE or commonly known as Mad Cow Disease) in North American continent was reported on 20 May 2003 in central Alberta, Canada. The first case of BSE in the United States was announced on 23 December 2003.
My dissertation is divided into three essays on the economic impact of the outbreak of Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) in the United States in December 2003. The first essay focuses on quantifying the impact of the outbreak of BSE in the United States and Canada on the stock returns of major publicly traded agribusiness firms …
Examining Child Sexual Abuse And Future Parenting: An Application Of Latent Class Modeling, Kimberly W. D'Zatko
Examining Child Sexual Abuse And Future Parenting: An Application Of Latent Class Modeling, Kimberly W. D'Zatko
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
This study was designed to empirically derive latent classes of mothers who were sexually abused during childhood and to assess the association between depression, alcohol/drug use, supportive intimate partner, and specific classes.
One hundred six women between the ages of 20 and 44 years (M = 27) who reported having been sexually abused during childhood (CSA) and 158 non-CSA mothers between the ages of 20 and 43 years (M = 23) were interviewed and assessed along six parenting dimensions. Logistic regression models evaluated the association between psychoemotional variables and specific classes.
The final model consisted of three classes—53.2%, …
Fostering Effective French Communication In The Classroom, Lindi Brown
Fostering Effective French Communication In The Classroom, Lindi Brown
All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023
This portfolio is a compilation of work the author completed while in the Master of Second Language Teaching (MSLT) program at Utah State University. It is focused on her beliefs of how French should be taught in a university classroom. It also includes three artifacts addressing how a challenging aspect of the language should be taught, how authentic literature can be utilized in the classroom, and why the French culture should be incorporated into the curriculum. Finally, there is an annotated bibliography of books and articles which have shaped the author’s beliefs and opinions about teaching French as a foreign …
Blended Libraries: Becoming One Family, Cheryl Adams, Lori Brassaw, Angela Dresselhaus, Betty Rozum
Blended Libraries: Becoming One Family, Cheryl Adams, Lori Brassaw, Angela Dresselhaus, Betty Rozum
Library Faculty & Staff Publications
Maintaining and providing access to collections can be challenging. Doing this at a distance is more challenging. Doing this at a distance during a period of major transition and controlled chaos is a herculean task. In July 2010, the state-mandated merger of the College of Eastern Utah (a two-year community college) with Utah State University (200 miles distant) became official. Well before this date, staff at both libraries began to deal with the complex issues involved with maintaining stable access to the collections of the College of Eastern Utah libraries. The changing situation required implementing a wide spectrum of solutions. …
Russia At War: Chechnya, Georgia, And Theories Of Foreign Policy, Tyler J. Pack
Russia At War: Chechnya, Georgia, And Theories Of Foreign Policy, Tyler J. Pack
All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023
The conflicts in Chechnya and Georgia are for Russia the seminal policy events of the turbulent post-‐Soviet era. Learning about Russian conflict policy thinking with respect to these cases should help to illuminate broader Russian foreign policy objectives and tendencies. Even though the Chechen Wars were by nature domestic conflicts, I believe that trends and patterns from that case, combined with insights from the Georgian conflict, can help identify strengths and weaknesses of major Russian foreign policy theories.
Though there are many such theories, I see that most fall into one of two broad categories. While there is some overlap, …
The Correlation Between Local Government Tax Revenues And The Existence Of Federally Designated Wilderness Lands, Sarah Reale
The Correlation Between Local Government Tax Revenues And The Existence Of Federally Designated Wilderness Lands, Sarah Reale
All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023
Each of the 3,141 counties in the United States is unique, with a variety of physical characteristics. Approximately 287 of these counties have designated Wilderness Land within their boundaries. Many have argued about the benefits and also the burdens of having this designated land within a county. Research has been completed looking at the effects the Wilderness Land has to the local economies, the quality of life of the county citizens, and the county tourism industry. However, there is no research completed on the effects Wilderness Lands has to the local government tax revenue. Examining the revenue in the county …
Cultural Compatibility: Economic Development In Eastern Europe, Daniel Brilliant
Cultural Compatibility: Economic Development In Eastern Europe, Daniel Brilliant
All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023
The objective of Daniel Brilliant’s research is to explore the relationship between culture and economic prosperity in the former communist countries of Eastern Europe. Learning why some of these countries do better than others is of interest in discovering what causes a country’s economy to grow in general. Knowing the causes of economic growth helps in determining what policies, if any, can be adopted by a country to help promote economic growth. Some have theorized that government policies are at the heart of prosperity. Others have speculated that cultural factors play a large role in determining if such policies will …
Lirt Debate: Models Of Information Literacy Instruction, Kacy Lundstrom, Erin Davis
Lirt Debate: Models Of Information Literacy Instruction, Kacy Lundstrom, Erin Davis
Library Faculty & Staff Presentations
No abstract provided.
Queering Gender: How Transgender College Student Navigate Gender, Rachel Jaggi
Queering Gender: How Transgender College Student Navigate Gender, Rachel Jaggi
Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects
In response to the “Doing Gender” theory as proposed by West and Zimmerman, some scholars have argued that the theory perpetuates gender inequality and leaves no room for social change. These scholars argue that research needs to be directed towards deconstructing the gender system, thereby “undoing gender.” Transgender individuals, who appear to be playing with the system of gender, provide an important conduit through which to examine the possibility of transcending the gender binary. I conducted semi-structured interviews and focus groups with transgender college students to examine the extent to which these individuals are able to overcome the dichotomous gender …
Therapists' And Families' Views On Family Involvement In Adolescent Residential Treatment, Jonathan D. Zabriskie
Therapists' And Families' Views On Family Involvement In Adolescent Residential Treatment, Jonathan D. Zabriskie
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
This study of 24 therapists and 64 family members representing 109 adolescent residents of six residential treatment centers aimed to better understand therapists' and family members' points of view about family involvement in residential treatment for troubled adolescents. The study also provided the therapists' and family members' recommendations for family involvement in residential treatment.
Findings from this mixed-methods study suggest that (a) the families from this study were involved in many different ways in their adolescents' treatment, including phone calls, visits to the treatment center, participation in therapy, and so forth; (b) there were areas in which therapists and family …
Exploring The Relation Between Office Discipline Referrals And Reinforcement Rates In Schoolwide Positive Behavior Support Programs, Michelle Woidneck
Exploring The Relation Between Office Discipline Referrals And Reinforcement Rates In Schoolwide Positive Behavior Support Programs, Michelle Woidneck
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
The implementation of schoolwide positive behavioral support (SWPBS) programs is becoming increasingly common in schools across the nation. Although a primary assumption of SWPBS is that schoolwide administration of positive supports to students who meet behavioral expectations will result in fewer behavior problems, surprisingly few studies have investigated the effects of various positive reinforcement rates (RR) on office discipline referral rates (ODR). This study investigated the relationship between RRs and ODRs among schools (N = 44) implementing SWPBS programs with high fidelity. Results revealed no significant differences in RRs or ODRs between Title I and non-Title I schools but …
Predicting Bullying Among High School Students Using Individual And School Factors: Analysis Of A National Survey, Chad M. Bohn
Predicting Bullying Among High School Students Using Individual And School Factors: Analysis Of A National Survey, Chad M. Bohn
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
Being bullied has been recognized as a problem within the U.S. school systems. Individuals who have been bullied physically, verbally, relationally, or electronically typically suffer from mental health problems as a result. As it has been shown that males are more at risk for being bullied, it is important to understand what variables can predict males being bullied in order to design appropriate preventions and interventions to curb bullying in the schools. Four forms of school bullying behaviors among U.S. adolescent males and their association with type of bullying, school environment, and school performance and engagement variables were examined.
Data …
Housing Factors Associated With Marital Satisfaction, Samantha J. Nelson
Housing Factors Associated With Marital Satisfaction, Samantha J. Nelson
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
The purpose of this study was to assess the direction and magnitude of the relationship between levels of marital satisfaction and two main housing variables--the housing burden ratio and the amount of home equity. The influence that these variables have on levels of marital satisfaction was mediated and moderated by how satisfied couples were with their homes and their finances, as well as their perceived experience of economic pressure. The results ultimately provide insights that can improve both couple well-being and financial/housing situations by pinpointing factors that account for the variance in marital satisfaction.
This study used existing data from …
Socioeconomic Status, Women, And Hiv: Do The Determinants Of Female Hiv Vary By Socioeconomic Status In Cameroon?, Joyce Ndueh Mumah
Socioeconomic Status, Women, And Hiv: Do The Determinants Of Female Hiv Vary By Socioeconomic Status In Cameroon?, Joyce Ndueh Mumah
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
The HIV/AIDS epidemic is currently one of the greatest health challenges being faced by many developing nations, especially countries of Sub-Saharan Africa. It is estimated that more than 25 million Sub-Saharan Africans are infected with the disease, with more than 2.8 million new infected cases in 2006. Mortality from the disease is high, with an estimated 2.1 million having already died from the disease. Women are more likely to be infected with the disease, and account for more than half of all global HIV/AIDS cases. Sub-Saharan African (SSA) women, specifically, constitute about 77 percent of all HIV/AIDS cases in the …
For Love Or Money: Has Neoliberalism Impacted Fertility? A Historical Comparison, Elizabeth Anne Kiester
For Love Or Money: Has Neoliberalism Impacted Fertility? A Historical Comparison, Elizabeth Anne Kiester
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
Known as neoliberalism, an economic philosophy has spread throughout the world and may be contributing to total fertility rates that have fallen well below replacement value. I present two neoliberal mechanisms and how they may have driven total fertility rates around the world well below replacement levels and inhibited growth. These include increased social risks in the labor market as well as in the household. I then build a theoretical framework based on the social embeddedness of markets as conceived by Karl Polanyi and the concept of social risk as suggested by Richard Breen, suggesting that the unique combinations of …
A Multigroup Analysis Of Reintegrative Shaming Theory: An Application To Drunk Driving Offenses, Elizabeth J. Dansie
A Multigroup Analysis Of Reintegrative Shaming Theory: An Application To Drunk Driving Offenses, Elizabeth J. Dansie
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
A restorative justice alternative to crime prevention termed reintegrative shaming theory by Braithwaite has seen increased attention as an alternative to retributive justice, although empirical investigations of its efficacy are limited. The purpose of the present study was to test confirmatory measurement and structural models of reintegrative shaming theory in order to assess the underlying theoretical model and the application of this theory in response to drunk driving offenses. Nine latent constructs were included in these models: reintegration, stigmatization, perceived fairness, self esteem, shame-guilt, embarrassment-exposure, unresolved shame, offender responsibility, and family support.
Multigroup structural equation modeling was used to assess …
Upper-Class Adolescent Delinquency: Theory And Observation, Nick Marsing
Upper-Class Adolescent Delinquency: Theory And Observation, Nick Marsing
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
Delinquency in adolescence has captured the imagination of thinkers and researchers for generations. In this thesis, a unique segment of adolescent delinquency is examined: delinquency in upper-class adolescents. My experience working in residential treatment centers was a catalyst for this research and inspired the primary question which guides the work: "Why would upper-class adolescents commit delinquent acts?" In an attempt to answer this question, the "Big Three" (strain, control, and social learning) sociological theories of crime and delinquency are used to explore upper-class or "elite" delinquency. After examining each theory I demonstrate how none of them, individually, can adequately explain …
Examining The Effects Of Reinforcement Context On Relapse Of Observing, Eric A. Thrailkill
Examining The Effects Of Reinforcement Context On Relapse Of Observing, Eric A. Thrailkill
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
Attentional biases occur with various psychological disorders, including drug addiction and anxiety. Conditioned reinforcement likely plays a role in maintaining attentional biases to stimuli associated with reinforcement for unwanted behavior. The observing-response procedure is considered a model of attending as reflected by responding maintained by conditioned reinforcement. Effects of primary reinforcement on the persistence of observing have been studied in the framework of behavioral momentum theory. Studies have shown observing-responses to be more resistant to
change in contexts arranging relatively higher rates of primary reinforcement. Recently, behavioral momentum theory has been extended to describe the effects of primary reinforcement context …
Lifestyle Behaviors And Cognitive Status In A Community Sample Of Older Adults, Heeyoung Smith
Lifestyle Behaviors And Cognitive Status In A Community Sample Of Older Adults, Heeyoung Smith
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
Lifestyle behaviors have been associated with better cognitive status and reduced risk of dementia. However, only individual or combinations of a few lifestyle behaviors have been studied. The present study examines the association between lifestyle behaviors and cognitive status in older adults including six lifestyle behaviors: cognitive activities, social activities, physical activities, religious involvement, diet, and alcohol consumption.
The study population is a sample of 1,216 community-dwelling men and women age 65 years and older from Cache County, Utah. The present study is conducted using the extant data from the Cache County Study on Memory Health and Aging (CCSMHA), a …
The Relationship Between Coaching Mentors, Age, And Adolescent Problem Behaviors, Derek J. Hoke
The Relationship Between Coaching Mentors, Age, And Adolescent Problem Behaviors, Derek J. Hoke
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
This study examined coaches as potential mentors who could influence adolescent problem behaviors. By using the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health), this study compared adolescents who self-reported not having any adult mentors in their life against adolescents who self-reported having a coach mentor in their life on various problem behaviors (i.e., sexual attitudes and behaviors, tobacco, marijuana, steroid, and alcohol use). This study also looked ages of adolescents to see what, if any, influences age presented. Results of this study indicated that in some areas coaches might have a positive effect, albeit slight. When age was analyzed …
The Shape Of Grief: A Generational Legacy Of The Vietnam War, Benjamin A. Quick
The Shape Of Grief: A Generational Legacy Of The Vietnam War, Benjamin A. Quick
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
A well-known memoirist once said that a true war story never seems to end, that it just keeps going and going. The question begs: If the war story never ends, then how does it manifest in future generations? In my case, as the first-born son of a Vietnam veteran, the war story has played out physically, within my body, in the form of an Agent Orange-related disability and a resulting set of limitations and adaptations. Fortunately, for me the limitations have been few and the adaptations many. But despite this, I’ve known, since a relatively young age, that I am …