Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Attention To Candidates And Issues In Newspaper Coverage Of 1992 Presidential Campaign, Gordon Mantler, David Whiteman

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

A Revision Of The Dyadic Adjustment Scale For Use With Distressed And Nondistressed Couples: Construct Hierarchy And Multidimensional Scales, Dean M. Busby, Clark Christensen, D. Russell Crane, Jeffry H. Larson

Faculty Publications

A study of the effectiveness of the Dyadic Adjustment Scale, commonly used as an instrument for measuring adjustment in relationships, is presented. A revised scale is proposed.

Upgrading A Cd-Rom Network For Multimedia Applications, Margaret Sylvia

Faculty Publications

Checking the servers, PCs, and network connections for bottlenecks in serving multimedia across the network are steps that will alleviate speed and connectivity issues for users.

The Effect Of Domain Knowledge On Elementary School Children's Search Behavior On An Information Retrieval System: The Science Library Catalog, Sandra Hirsh

Faculty Publications

Few information retrieval systems are designed with children’s special needs and capabilities in mind. We need to learn more about children’s information-seeking behavior in order to provide them with information-based tools which support exploratory learning. This dissertation examines children’s search behavior on a hypertext-based automated library catalog designed for elementary school children. The focus of this research is on the effect of domain knowledge on children’s search performance, search behavior, and learning as they look for science books on this system. Reseaxch has shown that level of domain knowledge in~luences the way people search for information. Data was collected through …

Premarital Sexual Coercion: Treatment Issues For Family Therapists, Kyle D. Killian, Dean M. Busby

Faculty Publications

Premarital sexual coercion is defined as nonconsensual sexual activity between two persons who are not married to each other but who are involved in an intimate relationship with one another. Factors and consequences associated with premarital sexual coercion are presented, and three possible clinical scenarios are discussed.

Professional Books -- Competence, Courage, And Change: An Approach To Family Therapy By D. B. Waters And E. C. Lawrence, Dean M. Busby

Faculty Publications

In this book Waters and Lawrence present a model of family therapy that is refreshing and informative. They use principles from strength-focused paradigms without ignoring pathology. They call this emphasis "healthy intentions, unhealthy outcomes." In an innovative way Waters and Lawrence help clients uncover the competent strivings underlying pathological behaviors. Once these strivings are uncovered, the therapist and client can work together to find effective ways of reaching goals without engaging in destructive behaviors. Rather than ignore pathology and thereby negate clients' experiences, or overemphasize pathology and remove hope, the authors use pathology as the vehicle to understand the inner …

Topography And Theology In The Gospel Of John, Craig R. Koester

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Lords Of The Hills-Ancient Maya Settlement In The Puuc Region, Yucatan, Mexico-Dunning, Np, Andrew Sluyter

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Review Of The Cultural Landscape During 6000 Years In Southern Sweden—The Ystad Project, Edited By Björn E. Berglund, Andrew Sluyter

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Quechua Texts Of Perception, Janis B. Nuckolls

Faculty Publications

Recent work by anthropologists, folklorists, and semioticians has made significant strides in our understanding of the dynamics and poetics of spoken utterances. Such work has been motivated, generally, by the goal of understanding verbal expression in terms of its own unique structures and expressive modalities. The following paper will contribute to this line of inquiry. It offers an analysis of a form of expression, sound symbolism, that is widely used by people whose languages have not been written down. The main advantage of this analysis is that it rescues sound symbolism from the irrational abyss into which it has often …

Developing An Exchange Network Simulator, Barry N. Markovsky

Faculty Publications

"X-Net" is a computer simulation that I developed in conjunction with Network Exchange Theory. Users of X-Net can explore the effects of different network structures, rules of exchange, and negotiators' strategies on the dynamics and outcomes of resource exchanges in social networks. This article recounts the process of X-Net's development, in addition to key substantive, theoretical, and design issues that motivated its form and content. It concludes with a discussion of the relationship between theory, simulation, and empirical tests.

Discordance Between Lmp-Based And Clinically Estimated Gestational Age: Implications For Research, Programs, And Policy, Greg R. Alexander, Mark E. Tompkins, Donna J. Petersen, Thomas C. Hulsey, Joanne Mor

Faculty Publications

This study examines the comparability between the last menstrual period-based and clinically estimated gestational age as collected on certificates of live birth. It explores whether sociodemographic or delivery characteristics influence their agreement and contrasts health status and health care utilization indicators, such as preterm, small for gestational age, and adequacy of prenatal care percentages, produced by each gestational age measure. The 1989-91 South Carolina public use live birth files were used for this analysis. A total of 169,082 single births to resident mothers were selected for investigation.

The clinically estimated gestational age distribution exhibited a higher mean and a tendency …

Structural Ambiguities And Written Advertisements: An Inventory Of Tools For More Resourceful Advertisements In English, Dallin D. Oaks

Faculty Publications

Competent writers usually avoid ambiguity, but there are some types of writing tasks such as advertising in which a writer might actually want to create ambiguous wordplays. Among the most interesting of the wordplays are those which involve structural ambiguities. In the natural course of brainstorming, advertisers will occasionally generate structural ambiguities, but a more conscious understanding of the structure of a language could make the generation of such ambiguities easier. The English language contains some characteristics and patterns which contribute significantly toward creating structural ambiguities. And if ad writers know where to focus their attention, structurally ambiguous wordplays can …

The Impact Of Dap Inservice Training Of The Beliefs And Practices Of Kindergarten Teachers, Julia H. Haupt, Jean M. Larsen, Clyde C. Robinson, Craig H. Hart

Faculty Publications

As teacher training institutions have adopted the NAEYC standards for developmentally appropriate practices (hereinafter DAP) (Bredekamp, 1987) and have begun to routinely train pre-service teachers in these principles the need for student teaching experiences which reflect this orientation has become a priority for many teacher educators. However, locating developmentally appropriate placement settings, particularly when large numbers of student teachers are being trained simultaneously, may be difficult in some localities.

On-Site Water Retention Strategies: Solutions From The Past For Dealing With Jordan's Present Water Crisis, Oystein S. Labianca

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

The Psychological Relevance Of Phonological Generalizations In Spanish: An Experiment, David Eddington

Faculty Publications

A psycholinguistic experiment aids in determining if the phonological generalizations which appear in the literature on Spanish phonology are psychologically significant for Spanish speakers. The experiment focuses on whether common phonological alternations play a role in native speakers' perceptions of whether two words share a morpheme. The results indicate that they are a significant factor in speakers' perceptions of morphemic relatedness. Therefore, these findings provide some evidence that these phonological generalizations are psychologically valid, and not merely descriptive in nature.

The Confirmation Mystery, Michael J. Gerhardt

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Children, Technology, And Instruction: A Case Study Of Elementary School Children Using An Online Catalog (Opac), Paul Solomon

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Stature Change In Prehistoric Maya Of The Southern Lowlands, Marie E. Danforth

Faculty Publications

Since the 1950s, a decline in stature has been offered as evidence of increasing nutritional stress in prehistoric Maya populations, particularly during the Late Classic collapse. A review of the extant skeletal data, however, reveals very inconsistent support for such a decline. The primary explanation for the variation may reside in the small number of skeletal series that have representatives of more than one time period. Other possible explanations include methodological problems associated with stature reconstruction, reliability in sex determination, and variation in health response according to site size and location.

The Effects Of Gender On Career Decision Problems In Young Adults, Jeffry H. Larson, Mark Butler, Stephan Wilson, Nilufer Medora, Scot Allgood

Faculty Publications

The authors investigated gender differences in psychological problems in the career decision-making (CDM) process of young adults. Specifically, problems with decision anxiety, life-goal awareness, luck-fate orientation, authority orientation, and secondary gain motivation were investigated. Methodology involved administering the Career Decision Diagnostics Assessment (CDDA) instrument to 1,006 college students from four universities. Results indicated no gender differences in global levels of problems in CDM. Women reported more problems with life-goal awareness and authority orientation than did men. Men reported more problems with secondary gain motivations than did women. The results are discussed in terms of implications for gender-differentiated career counseling.

Thomas Hobbes's "A Discourse Of Laws", Noel B. Reynolds

Faculty Publications

The recent discovery that an anonymously published 1620 essay was an early writing of Thomas Hobbes invites investigation of his early thinking. Hobbes relied on mostly classical sources to advance a basically conventionalist theory of law and to anticipate twentieth century analyses of the principles of rule of law such as that made famous by F. A. Hayek.

The Answering Machine Generation - Who Are They And What Problem Do They Pose For Survey Research, Robert W. Oldendick, Michael W. Link

Faculty Publications

Increased incidence of telephone answering machines and the use of such devices to screen calls pose a potential threat to the representativeness of samples in telephone surveys. Using data from nine statewide surveys, this analysis examines the extent to which answering machines are used to screen calls and the demographic characteristics associated with answering machine use and call screening. Results show that at most two to three percent of households use answering machines to screen calls, and that such screening is more likely to take place in households with higher family incomes, outside rural areas, and which include individuals who …

Defense Industrial Base Policy: Revisited, Michael E. Heberling

Faculty Publications

In an era of decreasing defense budgets and enemy threats, problems associated with maintaining a healthy defense industrial base have become pronounced. This article discussed defense industrial policy goals and argues that these goals may be collectively unobtainable.

Computer Network Resources For Economists, William L. Goffe

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

National Defense And The Public-Goods Problem, Jeffrey Rogers Hummel, Don Lavoie

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

A Reappraisal Of Diversification In The Federal Courts: Gender Effects In The Courts Of Appeals, Donald R. Songer, Sue Davis, Susan Haire

Faculty Publications

Prior scholarship on the effect of the increasing number of female judges leads to three contrasting sets of expectations. Early writings and views of affirmative-action activists suggested that female judges would be more liberal than male judges. On the other hand, a series of empirical studies suggest that we should expect no gender differences. In contrast to both of these perspectives, several feminist scholars suggest that women will be more liberal only when that position expresses support for full participation in the community. These contrasting expectations were tested by analyzing the votes of appeals court decisions in three issue areas. …

Data Assimilation And Model Evaluation Experiment Datasets, Chung-Chieng A. Lai, Wen Qian, Scott M. Glenn

Faculty Publications

The Institute for Naval Oceanography, in cooperation with Naval Research Laboratories and universities, executed the Data Assimilation and Model Evaluation Expertiment (DAMÉE) for the Gulf Stream region during fiscal years 1991-1993. Enormous effort has gone into the preparation of several high-quality and consistent datasets for model initialization and verification. This paper describes the preparation process, the temporal and spatial scopes, the contents, the structure, etc., of these datasets.

The goal of DAMÉE and the need of data for the four phases of experiment are briefly states. The preparation of DAMÉE datasets consisited of a series of processes: 1) collection of …

Investigating The Age Effects Of Family Structure On Adolescent Marijuana Use, John P. Hoffmann

Faculty Publications

This study examines differences among older and younger adolescents in the influence of family structure, family relations, and peer relations on marijuana use. Data from a longitudinal sample of adolescents from the United States were stratified by age and used to assess these potential differences. Precise measures of family structure were constructed to account for the various manifestations of family forms. Multivariate analyses indicate that a recent divorce attenuates attachment among younger adolescents and leads to less family involvement among older adolescents. Moreover, older adolescents from stepparent families are less attached to their families. Changes in these family relationship variables …

Defense Contractor Buyer-Seller Relationships: Theoretical Approaches, Carl R. Templin

Faculty Publications

This article examines the applicability of three theoretical approaches to defining defense buyer-seller relationships. Economic Free-Market Theory explains the relative economic power of the participants but ignores the legal, political, and socioeconomic aspects so pervasive in defense acquisitions. Transaction Cost Economics provides a framework for determining the most cost-effective type of contract governance for each transaction. Systems theory explores the degree of interdependence between the buyers and sellers systems. Each theory contributes unique insights into defense buyer-seller relationships that can be used to judge the appropriateness of contracting laws, regulations, policies, and management approaches for specific acquisition environments.

Predicate Union And The Syntax Of Japanese Causatives, Stanley Dubinsky

Faculty Publications

This paper presents a monoclausal, multipredicate analysis of Japanese causatives, adopting the fundamental assumptions of Relational Grammar. Evidence is provided for the existence of two distinct classes of causatives, distinguished on the basis of the agentivity of the matrix subject. It is also demonstrated that the surface case marking of the causee is constrained by its relative status to the matrix subject with respect to a set of Proto-Agent entailments (as proposed in Dowty 1991).