Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

3d Printing For Development In The Global South: The 3d4d Challenge, Thomas Birtchnell, William Hoyle

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Will 3D printers become as commonplace as mobile phones in the megacities or the backwaters of the Global South? Thomas Birtchnell and William Hoyle assess the development potential of this new technique for producing three-dimensional objects, which resembles the way a paper printer produces pages of text. Will 3D printing for development become a key strategy for community action against enduring material poverty? Birtchnell and Hoyle consider this question through a centrepiece case study on the UK charity techfortrade's 3D4D Challenge.

Nutrition During Pregnancy - Exploring Women's Knowledge And Models Of Nutrition Communication, Khlood Bookari, Heather Yeatman, Moira Williamson

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Abstract of paper presented at the ICM 30th Triennial Congress - Midwives: Improving Women's Health Globally, 1-5 June 2014, Prague, Czech Republic

Freshwater Geographies? Place, Matter, Practice, Hope, Leah Maree Gibbs

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

In light of the contributions to this special issue I propose four directions for future research in freshwater geographies: place, matter, practice and hope. First, in spanning the social and physical sciences, the discipline of geography can shed light on water as part of biophysical, socio-cultural, political place. Second, notwithstanding the importance of place, the materiality of water matters. Third, practice encompasses two distinct fields: cultural practices of interaction with water places and practices of governing. Finally, in the face of abuse of freshwater and of peoples' relationships with water places, geography can work towards imagining and enacting hopeful futures.

Single-Sex After-School Physical Activity Programs For Overweight And At-Risk Children: The Wollongong Sport Pilot Randomised Controlled Trial, Dylan Cliff, Jacqueline Kelly, Rachel Jones, Anthony D. Okely

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Abstract presented at the 2014 Global Summit on the Physical Activity of Children, held in Toronto, May 19-22, 2014.

Supporting The First Year Students From A Diverse Range Of Backgrounds, Valerie Harwood, Sarah Elizabeth O'Shea

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Presentation made at the Flinders University 2nd First Year Forum for 2014

Toward A More Embedded/Extended Perspective On The Cognitive Function Of Gestures, Wim T. Pouw, Jacqueline A. De Nooijer, Tamara Van Gog, Rolf A. Zwaan, Fred Paas

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Gestures are often considered to be demonstrative of the embodied nature of the mind (Hostetter and Alibali, 2008). In this article, we review current theories and research targeted at the intra-cognitive role of gestures. We ask the question how can gestures support internal cognitive processes of the gesturer? We suggest that extant theories are in a sense disembodied, because they focus solely on embodiment in terms of the sensorimotor neural precursors of gestures. As a result, current theories on the intra-cognitive role of gestures are lacking in explanatory scope to address how gestures-as-bodily-acts fulfill a cognitive function. On the basis …

Efficiency Of Respirator Filter Media Against Diesel Particulate Matter, Kerrie Burton, Jane L. Whitelaw, Alison L. Jones

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Abstract presented at the 32nd Annual Conference & Exhibition of the Australian Institute of Occupational Hygienists Inc, 29 November - 3 December 2014, Melbourne, Australia

Transcending Teacher Professional Development: From Determinism To Complexity, Abdul Rahman, Garry F. Hoban, Wendy S. Nielsen

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

There is a multiplicity of factors and actors that come into play to make teacher professional development (TPD) a strategic and powerful scheme for improving teacher practices. This multiplicity is evident in educational practices and theories. Consequently, traditional perspectives that take a simple view of TPD as a single, independent entity in teacher learning in isolation from other factors and actors are problematic. To better understand how TPD can bring about change in teacher practices-transforming teacher learning, there is a need to transcend the linear, causal, deterministic assumption about TPD. Here, in this discussion paper, I argue that powerful TPD …

Parents And Adolescents Discuss Gambling Advertising: A Qualitative Study, Samantha L. Thomas

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

The study specifically aimed to explore:

1. How socio-cultural factors may influence the meanings individuals construct about gambling.

2. How different audience segments (in this case parents and their children) interpret messages about different types of advertisements in different ways.

3. How the framing of messages about gambling may influence perceptions about the risks and benefits associated with different types of gambling products and services.

The specific objectives of the study were to:

1. Provide detailed qualitative information about how different audience segments interpret the messages they see in gambling advertisements.

2. Strengthen understandings about how different gambling advertising strategies …

Increasing User Involvement In Health Care And Health Research Simultaneously: A Proto-Protocol For "Person-As-Researcher" And Online Decision Support Tools, Mette Kjer Kaltoft, Jesper Bo Nielsen, Glenn P. Salkeld, Jack Dowie

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Background: User involvement is appearing increasingly on policy agendas in many countries, with a variety of proposals for facilitating it. The belief is that it will produce better health for individuals and community, as well as demonstrate greater respect for the basic principles of autonomy and democracy. Objective: Our Web-based project aims to increase involvement in health care and health research and is presented in the form of an umbrella protocol for a set of project-specific protocols. We conceptualize the person as a researcher engaged in a continual, living, informal "n-of-1"-type study of the effects of different actions and interventions …

Australian Mothers' Notions Of Risk And Uncertainty In Relation To Their Pre-Teen Children, Jan Wright, Christine Halse, Gary Levy, Catherine Hartung

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

In this article we examine the ways discourses of risk manifested and played out within and across two groups of Australian mothers living in two large urban centres in Australia: the first comprised of mothers who had a pre-teen child diagnosed with an eating disorder (n=13); the second of mothers who had a pre-teen child without the symptoms or diagnosis of an eating disorder (n=13). In 2011 and 2012, we conducted in-depth interviews with the mothers in their homes on their ideas about health and their relationships with their children. An analysis of the data collected from these interviews indicated …

Developing A Whole-Of-Community Campaign Targeting Underage Drinking In A Pro-Drinking Culture, Sandra C. Jones, Kelly Lee Andrews

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Abstract presented at the 8th Annual National Conference on Health Communication, Marketing & Media, 19-21 August 2014, Atlanta, United States

Development And Validation Of A Salt Knowledge Questionnaire, Rani Sarmugam, Anthony Worsley, Victoria Flood

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Objective Initiatives promoting the reduction of high-salt food consumption by consumers need to be partly based on current levels of salt knowledge in the population. However, to date there is no validated salt knowledge questionnaire that could be used to assess population knowledge about dietary salt (i.e. salt knowledge). Therefore, the aim of the present study was to develop and validate a salt knowledge questionnaire.

Design A cross-sectional study was conducted on an online web survey platform using convenience, snowball sampling. The survey questionnaire was evaluated for content and face validity before being administered to the respondents.

Setting Online survey. …

Exploring The Relationship Between Cognitive Flexibility And Psychological Flexibility After Acquired Brain Injury, Diane L. Whiting, Frank Deane, Joseph Ciarrochi, Hamish Mcleod, Grahame Simpson

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Abstract presented at the Tenth World Congress on Brain Injury, 19-22 March 2014, San Francisco, United States

Rationale And Study Protocol For The 'Active Teen Leaders Avoiding Screen-Time' (Atlas) Group Randomized Controlled Trial: An Obesity Prevention Intervention For Adolescent Boys From Schools In Low-Income Communities, Jordan J. Smith, Philip J. Morgan, Ronald C. Plotnikoff, Kerry A. Dally, Jo Salmon, Anthony D. Okely, Tara L. Finn, Mark J. Babic, Geoff Skinner, David R. Lubans

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Introduction The negative consequences of unhealthy weight gain and the high likelihood of pediatric obesity tracking into adulthood highlight the importance of targeting youth who are 'at risk' of obesity. The aim of this paper is to report the rationale and study protocol for the 'Active Teen Leaders Avoiding Screen-time' (ATLAS) obesity prevention intervention for adolescent boys living in low-income communities. Methods/design The ATLAS intervention will be evaluated using a cluster randomized controlled trial in 14 secondary schools in the state of New South Wales (NSW), Australia (2012 to 2014). ATLAS is an 8-month multi-component, school-based program informed by self-determination …

Volumes And Bouts Of Sedentary Behavior And Physical Activity: Associations With Cardiometabolic Health In Obese Children, Dylan P. Cliff, Rachel A. Jones, Tracy L. Burrows, Philip J. Morgan, Clare E. Collins, Louise A. Baur, Anthony D. Okely

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Objective: To examine associations of volumes and bouts of sedentary behavior (SED) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) with individual and clustered cardio-metabolic outcomes in overweight/obese children. Design and Methods: Cross-sectional data from 120 overweight/obese children (8.3±1.1y, 62% girls, 74% obese) with SED and MVPA assessed using accelerometry. Children were categorised into quartiles of mean bouts.day^-1 of SED (10, 20, and 30min) and MVPA (5, 10, and 15min). Associations with triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, glucose, insulin, systolic/diastolic blood pressure, and clustered cardio-metabolic risk (cMet) were examined using linear regression, adjusted for confounders. Results: Independent of MVPA, SED volume was inversely associated …

Evidence-Based Benchmarking Framework For A Distributed Leadership Approach To Capacity Building In Learning And Teaching, Sandra Jones, Roger Hadgraft, Marina Harvey, Geraldine Lefoe, Kevin Ryland

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

The intent of this project was to develop a systematic, evidence-based benchmarking framework for distributed leadership to build leadership capacity in learning and teaching. It built on the outcome of a previous Office of Learning and Teaching (OLT) funded project that had identified the principles and practices for distributed leadership and synthesised these in the form of the Action Self Enabling Reflection Tool (ASERT).

Medicalization In Schools, Valerie Harwood, Samantha Mcmahon

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Medicalization can be characterized as the product of processes that seek to put social problems into a medical framework This process of placing phenomena into a medical framework has become more commonplace (Conrad, 2007, p. 88; Conrad & Schneider, 1992; Zola, 1972) with the concept being examined in relation to a number of areas, including: sex (Hansen, 1992); ADHD (Conrad, 1975); racialization (Kew, 2009); sleep (Kroker, 2007; Seale, Boden, Williams, Lowe, & Steinberg, 2007); pregnancy and birth (Arney, 1982; Walzer Leavitt, 1986); shyness (Lane, 2007); menopause (Bell, 1987); and psychiatry (Lunbeck, 1994). There are a number of disciplines and perspectives …

The Hero's Journey: Stories Of Women Returning To Education, Sarah O'Shea, Cathy Stone

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

This paper draws upon the metaphor of the "hero's journey" to further analyse seven stories of women returning to education. These stories have formed the basis of a recent book publication by the authors (Stone & O'Shea, 2012) and are derived from two complementary but separate research studies (O'Shea, 2007; Stone, 2008). None of the women featured in this article have a parent who went to university and all have a number of competing demands in their lives including families, partners and employment. This paper aims to both frame the richly descriptive nature of these stories within a heroic metaphor …

Relative Validity Of 3 Accelerometer Models For Estimating Energy Expenditure During Light Activity, Alexander Allan Wetten, Marijka Batterham, Sze Yen Tan, Linda Tapsell

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Background: With physical inactivity inextricably linked to the increasing prevalence of obesity, there is a need for validated methods that measure free-living energy expenditure (EE) within sedentary environments. While accelerometers enable these measurements, few studies have compared device accuracy in such settings. The aim of this study was to investigate the relative validity of the Actigraph, RT3 and SenseWear Armband (SWA). Methods: Twenty-three (11 male, 12 female) participants (age: 25.3 ± 6.3 yr; BMI: 22.6 ± 2.7) wore 3 accelerometers at designated sites during a 4-hour stay in the Whole Room Calorimeter (WRC). Participants performed 2 10-minute bouts of light-intensity …

Parent And Child Interactions With Two Contrasting Anti-Obesity Advertising Campaigns: A Qualitative Analysis, Samantha Thomas, Timothy Olds, Simone Pettigrew, Heather Yeatman, Jim Hyde, Christine A. Dragovic

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Background Social marketing has been proposed as a framework that may be effectively used to encourage behaviour change relating to obesity. Social advertising (or mass media campaigning) is the most commonly used social marketing strategy to address the issue of obesity. While social advertising has the potential to effectively communicate information about obesity, some argue that the current framing and delivery of these campaigns are ineffective, and may cause more harm than good. Methods We used a qualitative advertising reception study. 150 family groups (comprised of 159 parents and 184 children) were shown two Australian government anti-obesity advertisements: Measure Up …

Changes In Attitudes Toward Seeking Mental Health Services: A 40-Year Cross-Temporal Meta-Analysis, C Mackenzie, J Erickson, Frank Deane, M Wright

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Although rates of treatment seeking for mental health problems are increasing, this increase is driven primarily by antidepressant medication use, and a majority of individuals with mental health problems remain untreated. Helpseeking attitudes are thought to be a key barrier to mental health service use, although little is known about whether such attitudes have changed over time. Research on this topic is mixed with respect to whether helpseeking attitudes have become more or less positive. The aim of the current study was to help clarify this issue using a cross-temporal meta-analysis of scores on Fischer and Turner's (1970) helpseeking attitude …

The Mechanism Of Dishabituation, Genevieve Steiner, Robert Barry

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

The dual-process theory of habituation attributes dishabituation, an increase in responding to a habituated stimulus after an interpolated deviant, to sensitization, a change in arousal. Our previous investigations into elicitation and habituation of the electrodermal orienting reflex (OR) showed that dishabituation is independent of sensitization for indifferent stimuli, arguing against dual-process theory's explanation. However, this could not be tested for significant stimuli in that study, because sensitization was confounded with incomplete resolution of the preceding OR. This study aimed to clarify the mechanism of dishabituation for significant stimuli by extending the stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA) beyond the time required for …

The Feasibility Of Telephone Follow-Up Interviews For Monitoring Treatment Outcomes Of Australian Residential Drug And Alcohol Treatment Programs, Frank Deane, Peter James Kelly, Trevor Crowe, Geoffrey Lyons, Elizabeth Kate Cridland

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Background: Telephone follow-up interviewing is one method of monitoring treatment outcomes of individuals involved in drug and alcohol treatment programs. The present study is the first to examine the feasibility and generalizability of data obtained from telephone follow-up interviews after drug and alcohol treatment in Australia. Methods: Participants attended 1 of 8 Salvation Army Recovery Service Centres where staff administered outcome measures at intake. Three-month postdischarge telephone follow-up interviews were conducted by researchers from the Illawarra Institute for Mental Health, University of Wollongong. Results: A sample of 700 clients was obtained for follow-up (582 males; 118 females). A 51% follow-up …

Consumption Of Dairy Products And The 15-Year Incidence Of Age-Related Macular Degeneration, Bamini Gopinath, Victoria Flood, Jimmy Chun Yu Louie, Jie Wang, George Burlutsky, Elena Rochtchina, Paul Mitchell

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Habitual consumption of dairy products has been shown to play an important role in the prevention of several chronic diseases. We aimed to prospectively assess the relationship between the change in dairy product consumption (both regular fat and low/reduced fat) and the 15-year incidence of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). In the Blue Mountains Eye Study, 2037 participants aged 49 years or above at baseline were re-examined at follow-up in 1997–9, 2002–4 and/or 2007–9. AMD was assessed from retinal photographs. Dietary data were collected using a semi-quantitative FFQ, and servings of dairy product consumption calculated. Over the 15-year follow-up, there were …

Prevalence And Risk Factors Of Food Insecurity Among A Cohort Of Older Australians, Joanna Russell, Victoria M. Flood, Heather Yeatman, Paul Mitchell

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Objective

With ongoing national concern about food security, the aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence of food insecurity and to identify associated characteristics in a cohort of older Australians.

Design, setting and participants

The Blue Mountains Eye Study is a cohort study of community living participants aged 49 + years. The 12-item food security survey was completed by 3068 participants in the cross sectional study which comprised 2335 survivors from baseline and the recruitment of an additional 1174 eligible residents.

Main outcome measures

Prevalence of self reported food insecurity was calculated and multivariate logistic regression provided odds …

Effect Of Concentric And Eccentric Velocity During Heavy-Load Non-Ballistic Elbow Flexion Resistance Exercise, John Sampson, Allison Donohoe, Herbert Groeller

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Objectives: The current study provided a longitudinal evaluation of the anthropometric and fitness characteristics in junior rugby league players across three annual-age categories (i.e., under 13s, 14s and 15s) considering playing position and selection level.

Design: Longitudinal design.

Methods: Eighty-one junior rugby league players selected to a talent development programme were tracked over a two year period. Anthropometric (height, sitting height, body mass and sum of four skinfolds) and fitness (lower and upper body power, speed, change of direction speed and maximal aerobic power) characteristics were measured on three occasions (i.e., under 13s, 14s and 15s). Repeated measures multivariate analysis …

Intentional Learning With Technological Proxies: Goal Orientations And Efficacy Beliefs, Jose Hanham, Jacqueline Ullman, Joanne Orlando, John Mccormick

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Digital technologies serve as an important educational resource for tertiary students. A key feature of many current digital technologies available to students is that they can function as proxies in the learning process; that is, technology can be used to carry out some academic-related tasks on behalf of the user. For tertiary educators, the widespread availability of technological proxies raises a number of important pedagogical issues. In this article, we discuss technological proxy in the context of intentional learning. Drawing from the literature on learner motivation, we identify three key variables - learners' achievement goal orientations, self-efficacy beliefs, and proxy …

Geographical Fire Research In Australia: Review And Prospects, Christine Eriksen, Lesley Head

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

'You live in the bush. You live by the rules of the bush, and that's it.' These were the reflective words of Mrs Dunlop upon seeing the blackened rubble of her home, which made headline news the morning after the first, and most destructive, fire front tore through the Blue Mountains in New South Wales on 17 October 2013 (Partridge and Levy, 2013). While seemingly a simple statement, it goes right to the heart of heated public and political debates - past and present - over who belongs where and why in the fire-prone landscapes that surround Australia's cities. Bushfire …

Sports Participation And Parent-Reported Health-Related Quality Of Life In Children: Longitudinal Associations, Stewart Vella, Dylan Cliff, Christopher Magee, Anthony D. Okely

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Objective

To investigate the longitudinal association between sports participation and parent-reported health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in children.

Study design

Cohort study that used data drawn from the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children in waves 3 (2008) and 4 (2010). Participants were a nationally representative sample of 4042 Australian children ages 8.25 (SD = 0.44) years at baseline and followed-up 24 months later.

Results

After we adjusted for multiple covariates, children who continued to participate in sports between the ages of 8 and 10 years had greater parent-reported HRQOL at age 10 (Eta² = .02) compared with children who …