Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Student Isolation: The Experience Of Distance On An International Field Placement, Mim Fox

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

In an era of global awareness of the impact of social, political and environmental impact, the international field placement has become a feature of many social work programmes throughout Australia. A theoretical framework of international social work principles allows for a guiding platform for teaching and learning; however, the experience of the social work student is often one of cultural isolation and emotional vulnerabilities. Whilst cross-cultural learning is a core practice goal of the placement, the ability to engage with this learning is affected by the impact of distance on the student. In turn, the university responsibility for the student …

The International Field Placement: A Reconciliation Of Identity, Mim Fox

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

The international field placement is a site of both identity confusion and identity development for the social work student. Aiming to develop their professional identity they are faced with a challenge: the presence of two dominant identities, the tourist identity and the student identity. Whilst the embodiment of the tourist identity has often facilitated the student¿s motivation to undertake the placement experience, the student identity is what both university staff and agency field educators perceive as integral to student engagement in this remote educational setting. Social work educators perceive this identity challenge as an impediment to learning. In contrast, students …

Materials That Linger: An Embodied Geography Of Polyester Clothes, Elyse R. Stanes, Christopher R. Gibson

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Narratives of clothing reuse and repurpose have centred on second-hand economies, recycling, upcycling and DIY, fashioning a particular kind of 'wasted' aesthetic where stitching, darning and patching become visible. But what of clothes that don't show signs of wear, because they are made from human-made fabrics that degrade much more slowly than organic materials? Drawing on ethnographic 'fashion journeys' with young adults from Sydney, Australia, this paper follows polyester clothes, geographically and temporally, beyond of spaces of production, to their everyday use, storage, divestment, reuse and recirculation. Clothing is theorised as always in-process - materially, temporally and spatially - and …

A Randomized Controlled Trial To Evaluate The Impact Of A Geo-Specific Poster Compared To A General Poster For Effecting Change In Perceived Threat And Intention To Avoid Drowning 'Hotspots' Among Children Of Migrant Workers: Evidence From Ningbo, China, Yinchao Zhu, Xiaoqi Feng, Hui Li, Yaqin Huang, Jieping Chen, Guozhang Xu

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Background

Drowning among children of migrant workers is a major, though neglected public health issue in China.

Methods

A randomised controlled trial was used to examine the potential impact of viewing a preventive health poster with/without geo-located drowning events on perceptions of drowning risk among Chinese migrant children. A total of 752 children from three schools in Jiangbei district were selected by multi-stage sampling and randomly assigned to the intervention (n = 380) or control (n = 372). Multilevel models were used to analyse changes in responses to the following questions after viewing the assigned poster for 10 …

Personality Disorder: A Mental Health Priority Area, Brin F. S Grenyer, Fiona Y. Ng, Michelle L. Townsend, Sathya Rao

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Personality disorders have received limited recognition as a public health priority, despite the publication of treatment guidelines and reviews showing effective treatments are available. Inclusive approaches to understanding and servicing personality disorder are required that integrate different service providers. This viewpoint paper identifies pertinent issues surrounding early intervention, treatment needs, consumer and carer experiences, and the need for accurate and representative data collection in personality disorder as starting points in mental health care reform.

Relationships Between Mental Toughness, Barriers To Exercise, And Exercise Behaviour In Undergraduate Students, Elizabeth Stamp, Lee Crust, Christian F. Swann, John Perry

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

The present study explored relationships between mental toughness (MT), barriers to exercise, and self-reported exercise behaviour in university students. Perceived barriers to exercise are important since previous work has identified barriers as strong predictors of exercise behaviour. MT was hypothesised to predict exercise barriers and self-reported exercise behaviour. Participants were 173 undergraduate students (45 men, 128 women) from 10 United Kingdom universities. Questionnaires were used to assess MT, exercise levels, and exercise barriers. Path analysis identified that MT predicted barriers to exercise, with higher MT associated with weaker perceived barriers. Regular exercisers were found to have significantly higher MT than …

The Importance Of Critical Life Moments: An Explorative Study Of Successful Women With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Amanda A. Webster, Susanne Garvis

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Ten women with autism spectrum disorder participated in oral interviews in order to share their experiences since their diagnosis and to discuss the factors that had enabled them to achieve success in different aspects of their life. Participants were encouraged to share their perspectives on their success and to discuss the challenges they encountered in their daily lives and how they overcame these. Interviews were analysed using a narrative-themed approach. Participants indicated that both internal and external factors enabled them to achieve success in different aspects of their lives. These included being an agent of change, a changed identity after …

Time2bhealthy - An Online Childhood Obesity Prevention Program For Preschool-Aged Children: A Randomised Controlled Trial Protocol, Megan Hammersley, Rachel A. Jones, Anthony D. Okely

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Background The use of parent-focused internet-based programs for the prevention and treatment of childhood obesity has shown promise but there is an acknowledged gap in parent-focused interventions which target the early childhood stage. Methods The aim of this study is to determine the efficacy of Time2bHealthy - an online healthy lifestyle program for parents of preschool-aged children. The program will be evaluated using a two-arm, parallel, randomised controlled design. The 11-week program is underpinned by Social Cognitive Theory and consists of interactive modules on healthy eating, physical activity, screen-time and sleep. The intervention also involves elements of social media, where …

Children Working It Out Together: A Comparison Of Younger And Older Learners Collaborating In Task Based Interaction, Rhonda Oliver, Jenefer J. Philp, Susan A. Duchesne

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

This paper describes peer interaction among children with English as an Additional Language (EAL) in primary schools. Through linguistic analysis it provides an exploratory examination of the nature of their collaborations, how they work together and the ways they interact as they complete classroom task pair work. 42 children from two junior and two senior classes of intermediate level English from four EAL reception classrooms participated. Data comprised recordings and transcriptions of the interactions of 11 pairs of younger (5–8 years) and 10 pairs of older (9–12 years) children as they completed five tasks over two weeks. An analysis of …

Serial Reconstruction Of Order And Serial Recall In Verbal Short-Term Memory, Philip Quinlan, Steven J. Roodenrys, Leonie M. Miller

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

We carried out a series of experiments on verbal short-term memory for lists of words. In the first experiment, participants were tested via immediate serial recall, and word frequency and list set size were manipulated. With closed lists, the same set of items was repeatedly sampled, and with open lists, no item was presented more than once. In serial recall, effects of word frequency and set size were found. When a serial reconstruction-of-order task was used, in a second experiment, robust effects of word frequency emerged, but set size failed to show an effect. The effects of word frequency in …

The Role Of Implicit Beliefs And Achievement Goals As Protective Factors In Youth Sport, Lauren Gardner, Stewart A. Vella, Christopher A. Magee

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

2017 © Association for Applied Sport PsychologyThis study explored whether implicit beliefs and 2 × 2 achievement goals were related to enjoyment in youth sport over 1 year and whether perceived changes in the coach¿athlete relationship moderated these relationships. Indirect and conditional indirect effect analyses were conducted in a sample of 247 regular sport participants (Mage = 13.03 years). After adjusting for enjoyment at Time 1, incremental beliefs were indirectly related to Time 2 enjoyment via mastery-approach goals. However, this effect was evident only when the coach¿athlete relationship was perceived to have deteriorated. Results highlight the protective value of adaptive …

Cognitive Remediation Improves Executive Functions, Self-Regulation And Quality Of Life In Residents Of A Substance Use Disorder Therapeutic Community, Ely Marceau, Jamie Berry, Jo Lunn, Peter James Kelly, Nadia Solowij

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Background Executive dysfunction is common in substance use disorder (SUD) populations and hinders treatment. We previously found that 50% of residents in SUD therapeutic communities had been hospitalized for head injuries; this was a significant determinant of cognitive impairment. The current study aimed to establish whether cognitive remediation improves executive functions (EFs) and self-regulation in an ecologically valid sample of female residents attending SUD therapeutic community treatment, including those with past head injuries and psychiatric comorbidities. Methods Controlled sequential groups design with residents (N = 33, all female) receiving treatment as usual (TAU). The intervention group (n = 16) completed …

Role Of Orbitofrontal Sulcogyral Pattern On Lifetime Cannabis Use And Depressive Symptoms, Yann Chye, Nadia Solowij, Eleni Ganella, Chao Suo, Murat Yucel, Albert Batalla, Janna Cousijn, Anna Goudriaan, Rocio Martin-Santos, Sarah Whittle, Cali F. Bartholomeusz, Valentina Lorenzetti

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) sulcogyral patterns are stable morphological variations established early in life. They consist of three distinct pattern types, with Type III in particular being associated with poor regulatory control (e.g., high sensation seeking and negative emotionality, low constraint), which may confer risk for earlier onset of cannabis (CB) use and greater use in later life. The OFC sulcogyral pattern may therefore be a stable trait marker in understanding individual differences in substance-use vulnerability and associated affective disturbances in users. In a large multisite cross-sectional study, we compared OFC pattern type distribution between 128 healthy controls (HC) and 146 …

The Shepard–Risset Glissando: Music That Moves You, Rebecca Mursic, B Riecke, Deborah M. Apthorp, Stephen Palmisano

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Sounds are thought to contribute to the perceptions of self-motion, often via higher-level, cognitive mechanisms. This study examined whether illusory self-motion (i.e. vection) could be induced by auditory metaphorical motion stimulation (without providing any spatialized or low-level sensory information consistent with self-motion). Five different types of auditory stimuli were presented in mono to our 20 blindfolded, stationary participants (via a loud speaker array): (1) an ascending Shepard–Risset glissando; (2) a descending Shepard–Risset glissando; (3) a combined Shepard–Risset glissando; (4) a combined-adjusted (loudness-controlled) Shepard–Risset glissando; and (5) a white-noise control stimulus. We found that auditory vection was consistently induced by all …

Atypical Interference Control In Children With Ad/Hd With Elevated Theta/Beta Ratio, Dawei Zhang, Steven J. Roodenrys, Hui Li, Robert J. Barry, Adam R. Clarke, Zhanliang Wu, Qihua Zhao, Yanlin Song, Lu Liu, Qiujin Qian, Yufeng Wang, Stuart J. Johnstone, Li-Chao Sun

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

The theta/beta ratio (TBR) is a major area of interest within electroencephalogram (EEG) research in AD/HD. While researchers suggest a prognostic role for TBR in AD/HD, its relationship to behavior remains uncertain. Recent evidence suggests that elevated TBR in AD/HD may be related to atypical inhibition, particularly at an attentional level. This study aimed to examine the performance on three inhibitory tasks of children with AD/HD. Fifty-eight children with AD/HD participated, divided into an elevated TBR (ET) group and a control group (CT). A behavioral disassociation was found − compared to CT, ET showed more difficulty in inhibiting surrounding stimuli …

Relating To Nature, Food And Community In Community Gardens, Ellen Van Holstein

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

This paper sheds critical light on the motivations and practices of community gardeners in relatively affluent neighbourhoods. The paper engages with community garden, alternative food and domestic garden literatures, to understand how people fit food production into their everyday lives, how they develop relationships to plants and how these in turn shape relations between people in a community group. The paper draws on participant observation and semi-structured walking interviews conducted at three community gardens in Sydney, Australia. The paper concludes that to fit community gardening into busy lives, people strategically choose plants with biophysical qualities that suit personal as well …

Using Surrogate Vaccines To Assess Feasibility And Acceptability Of Future Hiv Vaccine Trials In Men: A Randomised Trial In Inner-City Johannesburg, South Africa, Lucy Chimoyi, Mphatso Kamndaya, Emilie Venables, Nina Von Knorring, Jonathan Stadler, Catherine L. Mac Phail, Matthew Chersich, Helen Rees, Sinead Delany-Moretlwe

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Background: Developing an effective HIV vaccine is the overriding priority for HIV prevention research. Enrolling and maintaining cohorts of men into HIV vaccine efficacy trials is a necessary prerequisite for the development and licensure of a safe and efficacious vaccine. Methods: One hundred-fifty consenting HIV-negative men were enrolled into a pilot 1:1 randomised controlled trial of immediate vaccination with a three-dose hepatitis B vaccine compared to deferred vaccination (at 12 months) to investigate feasibility and acceptability of a future HIV vaccine trial in this population. Adverse events, changes in risk behaviour, acceptability of trial procedures and motivations for participation in …

Is Living Near Healthier Food Stores Associated With Better Food Intake In Regional Australia?, Hamid Moayyed, Bridget Kelly, Xiaoqi Feng, Victoria M. Flood

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

High prevalence of obesity and non-communicable diseases is a global public health problem, in which the quality of food environments is thought to play an important role. Current scientific evidence is not consistent regarding the impact of food environments on diet. The relationship between local food environments and diet quality was assessed across 10 Australian suburbs, using Australian-based indices devised to measure the two parameters. Data of dietary habits from the participants was gathered using a short questionnaire. The suburbs’ Food Environment Score (higher being healthier) was associated with higher consumption of fruit (χ² (40, 230) = 58.8, p …

Engagement And Qualitative Interviewing: An Ethnographic Study Of The Use Of Social Media And Mobile Phones Among Remote Indigenous Youth, Kishan A. Kariippanon, Kate Senior

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

In 2012, Kishan Kariippanon began an ethnographic study on the use of social media and mobile phones by Indigenous youth practicing traditional culture in a remote community in Northern Australia. A prepaid mobile phone service is available in most Northern Territory remote Indigenous communities. This case study provides an account of the vital practical steps for engagement and conducting qualitative interviewing in an Indigenous community where traditional structure of kinship and communications is practiced. The case sheds light on the particular challenge of gaining trust and building an authentic relationship with individuals and the community as part of the engagement …

Informing Nutrition Care In The Antenatal Period: Pregnant Women's Experiences And Need For Support, Khlood Bookari, Heather Yeatman, Moira J. Williamson

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

This study aimed to provide insights into Australian women's experiences in gaining nutrition information during pregnancy. Individual semistructured telephone interviews were conducted with 17 pregnant (across all trimesters) and 9 postpartum women in five Australian states. Data were transcribed and analysed using inductive thematic analysis. Women valued nutrition information, actively sought it, and passively received it mainly from three sources: healthcare providers (HCPs), media, and their social networks. Women reported HCPs as highest for reliability but they had limited time and indifferent approaches. Various media were easily and most frequently accessed but were less reliable. Social networks were considered to …

Midwives' Role In Providing Nutrition Advice During Pregnancy: Meeting The Challenges? A Qualitative Study, Jamila Arrish, Heather Yeatman, Moira J. Williamson

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

This study explored the Australian midwives' role in the provision of nutrition advice. Little is known about their perceptions of this role, the influence of the model of care, and the barriers and facilitators that may influence them providing quality nutrition advice to pregnant women. Semistructured telephone interviews were undertaken with a subsample (n=16) of the members of the Australian College of Midwives who participated in an online survey about midwives' nutrition knowledge, attitudes, and their confidence in providing nutrition advice during pregnancy. Thematic descriptive analysis was used to analyse the data. Midwives believed they have a vital role in …

Employee Perspectives: Exploring The Journey From Paid Work To Retirement Due Onset Of A Dementia, Catherine L. Andrew, Lyn Phillipson, Lynnaire M. Sheridan

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Abstract presented at the Occupational Therapy Australia 27th National Conference and Exhibition, 19-21 July 2017, Perth, Australia

Assemblage Thinking As Methodology: Commitments And Practices For Critical Policy Research, Tom Baker, Pauline M. Mcguirk

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Assemblage thinking as methodology: commitments and practices for critical policy research. Territory, Politics, Governance. The concept of assemblage has captured the attention of critical social scientists, including those interested in the study of policy. Despite ongoing debate around the implications of assemblage thinking for questions of structure, agency, and contingency, there is widespread agreement around its value as a methodological framework. There are now many accounts using assemblage-inflected methodologies of various sorts as analytical tools for revealing, interpreting, and representing the worlds of policy-making, though few are explicit about their methodological practice. In this paper, we identify a suite of …

The Environmental Implications Of Multigenerational Living: Are Larger Households Also Greener Households?, Natascha Klocker, Christopher R. Gibson, Erin Borger

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Multigenerational family households rarely form out of environmental concern - or an intentional desire to be 'green'. More typically, they form because of financial pressures, caring responsibi1ities or to accommodate disruptions in extended families such as divorce or unemployment. Yet, they offer important, innate opportunities to reduce resource consumption. On a per capita basis, household size is inversely related to resource consumption and waste production. By housing more family members under one roof, multigenerational family living presents unheralded opportunities to save energy, water, building materials and land. Our ethnographic research with multigenerational family households in Wollongong, in the Illawarra region …

Understanding The Root Causes Of Natural Disasters, Florian Roth, Christine Eriksen, Timothy Prior

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Every year disasters take lives, cause significant damage, inhibit development and contribute to conflict and forced migration. Unfortunately, the trend is an upward one. In May 2017, policy-makers and disaster management experts from over 180 countries gathered in Cancun, Mexico, to discuss ways to counter this trend. In the middle of the Cancun summit, news arrived that large parts of Sri Lanka were devastated by floods and landslides, killing at least 150 and displacing almost half a million people. Email Twitter68 Facebook52 LinkedIn21 Print Every year disasters take lives, cause significant damage, inhibit development and contribute to conflict and forced …

Surfboard Making And Environmental Sustainability: New Materials And Regulations, Subcultural Norms And Economic Constraints, Christopher R. Gibson, Andrew T. Warren

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Surfers are well aware of oceanic sustainability issues such as water quality and pollution, impacts of tourism, and local conflicts over coastal development. But there are also sustainability problems associated with the very equipment needed to participate in a surfing life. Surfboards are manufactured items that entail a host of upstream labour and environmental issues. This chapter accordingly discusses environmental sustainability issues in the surfboard-making industry, and dilemmas that arise as a consequence of uneven regulation, and the industry's combination of structural economic features and subcultural origins. We draw on qualitative, longitudinal research where we have visited and interviewed people …

Making Sense Of Theory: A Doctoral Student's Narrative Of Conceptualizing A Theoretical Framework, Michael S. Burri

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Making sense of theory plays an essential role in the life of a doctoral student. This autoethnographic study explores how I made sense of educational theory while conceptualizing the theoretical framework for my PhD proposal. A diary that I kept while designing the proposal serves as the data source to examine how my thinking about theory evolved. Findings demonstrate that the development of my thinking was a complex and circular process that progressed through nine phases. A particular challenge of conceptualizing a theoretical framework was the tight timeframe in which the proposal needed to be completed in order to start …

What Can Agencies Do To Increase Foster Carer Satisfaction?, Melanie J. Randle, Leonie M. Miller, Sara Dolnicar

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Stable, long-term foster care homes are critical to ensuring a safe and nurturing childhood for many children worldwide. Greater foster carer satisfaction is associated with increased carer retention and is therefore critical in securing such stable homes for children. The purpose of this study is to determine which factors associated with foster care agencies contribute to higher levels of foster carer satisfaction. Results from a longitudinal study of 137 foster carers indicate that perceived adequacy of agency support, preplacement training, money to cover placement expenses, and a good match between the carer and the child are predictive of higher foster …

In Search Of Consistent Predictors Of Children’S Physical Activity, Keren Best, Kylie Ball, Dorota M. Zarnowiecki, Rebecca M. Stanley, James Dollman

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Physical activity is pivotal for childrentionnalth and well-being, yet participation declines across teenage years. Efforts to increase physical activity need to be strengthened to combat this,however, evidence for the design and planning of physical activity promotion in children is lacking. The aim was to identify predictors of physical activity that were relatively consistent across three different measures of physical activity, in pre- and early adolescent South Australians. This is the first study to compare correlates of physical activity across three measures of physical activity in a single sample, in this age group. Children (n = 324) aged 9-13 years and …

Cardiorespiratory Fitness And Inflammatory Profile On Cardiometabolic Risk In Adolescents From The Labmed Physical Activity Study, Cesar A. Agostinis-Sobrinho, Jonatan R. Ruiz, Carla Moreira, Sandra Abreu, Lopes Luis, Jose Oliveira-Santos, Jorge Mota, Rute Santos

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Purpose: We investigated the combined effect of cardiorespiratory fitness and the clustered score of inflammatory biomarkers (InflaScore) on the cardiometabolic risk score in adolescents. Methods: This is a cross-sectional analysis with 529 adolescents (267 girls) aged 12–18 years. The shuttle run test was used to assess cardiorespiratory fitness. Continuous scores of clustered inflammatory biomarkers (high sensitivity C-reactive protein, complement factors C3 and C4, fibrinogen and leptin); cardiometabolic risk score (systolic blood pressure, triglycerides, ratio total cholesterol/HDL, HOMA-IR and waist circumference) were computed. Results: Adolescents with a higher inflammatory profile had the highest cardiometabolic risk score; adolescents with high InflaScore and …