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Articles 241 - 270 of 8661
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Testing The Efficacy Of Psychoeducational Booklet About The Mental Health Effects Of Discrimination, Margarita Manzano
Testing The Efficacy Of Psychoeducational Booklet About The Mental Health Effects Of Discrimination, Margarita Manzano
Theses and Dissertations
There is a significant relationship between discrimination and mental health (Assari et al., 2017; Brondolo et al., 2009; Paradies et al., 2015). Although there are a high number of individuals who experience discrimination, there are limited data reported on effective ways to lessen the effect that discrimination and racism can have on overall mental health (Brondolo et al., 2009). Although cultural competency is crucial in psychotherapy and helps create an understanding between the mental health provider and client (Sue et al., 1992), previous research has shown that there is still a need for mental health providers to learn more about …
The Relationship Between Clinician-Perceived Competency And Expert-Rated Competency In Rebt Using Anxiety-Focused Simulated-Based Practice, Morgan Klein Schall
The Relationship Between Clinician-Perceived Competency And Expert-Rated Competency In Rebt Using Anxiety-Focused Simulated-Based Practice, Morgan Klein Schall
Theses and Dissertations
Though competency is of utmost importance to clinical practice (Muse et al., 2022), there have been minimal studies that have explored the relationship between clinician-perceived competency and expert-rated competency with the REBT framework. Competency in the delivery of psychotherapy is expected, but not well-defined (Fairburn & Cooper, 2011). Differences between perceived competency and expert-rated competency (Paunov et al., 2023) create further challenges in defining competency. While clinical competency in psychotherapy provision has been linked to client outcomes, this relationship varies depending on clinical model of psychotherapy as well as clinical problem (Collyer et al., 2020). Most of the competency in …
Examining Effects Of Noise Pollution On Psychosomatic Symptoms Among Teachers In Vietnam, Ryan Gabriel Mcdonough
Examining Effects Of Noise Pollution On Psychosomatic Symptoms Among Teachers In Vietnam, Ryan Gabriel Mcdonough
Theses and Dissertations
Noise pollution is an environmental stressor with broad costs to society, both through its health impacts and its influence on the social environment. The health effects of noise pollution include changes in regulation of heart rate, blood pressure, and overall vascular health, in addition to effects on hearing. However, it is unclear whether these adverse effects result from noise exposure directly or from stress secondary to noise. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the impact of both exposure to noise and noise-related stress on psychosomatic symptoms in a sample of 1961 teachers in Vietnam. We measured noise-related stress with a …
How Do Mindfulness And Self-Compassion Elicit Unfavorable Outcomes? No Moderating Effect Detected, Jason T. Katz
How Do Mindfulness And Self-Compassion Elicit Unfavorable Outcomes? No Moderating Effect Detected, Jason T. Katz
Theses and Dissertations
This work investigated the interaction of mindfulness and self-compassion when predicting flourishing. Mindfulness and self-compassion have become increasingly popular for their benefits, but there is much to uncover about how these variables elicit favorable and unfavorable outcomes. We hypothesized that having high levels of mindfulness and self-compassion would elicit the strongest relationships with flourishing. We also hypothesized that having high levels of both mindfulness and self-compassion would prevent either variable from having negative relationships with flourishing. Our survey gauged the mindfulness, self-compassion, and flourishing levels of 180 participants from a large, urban, parochial university undergraduate pool. We used hierarchical linear …
Anger In Response To Racial And Social Injustice: A Pilot Study Identifying Anger Subtypes Within The Asian Population, Ira Miguelle Ocampo Bangawan
Anger In Response To Racial And Social Injustice: A Pilot Study Identifying Anger Subtypes Within The Asian Population, Ira Miguelle Ocampo Bangawan
Theses and Dissertations
This study investigates the types of anger profiles an Asian population experiences in response to racial and social injustice. Dr. Myisha Cherry theorized five types of racial anger. Four types reflected maladaptive anger (rogue, wipe, resentment, and narcissistic rage), and one reflected adaptive anger (Lordean rage). I hypothesized a five- or six-factor solution to address racial anger based on Cherry's theory. To test this, self-identified Asian participants (n = 69) completed the Anger Racism Scale, which consisted of the Racial Anger Subtypes Questionnaire, Social Engagement Questionnaire, Anger Over Racism Dysfunctional Consequences Questionnaire, STAXI-2 Trait Anger Scale, and Constructive Anger Behavior …
The Impact Of Person-Situation Congruence On People’S Preference For Interpersonal Interactions, Zachary Ian Harkinish-Murray
The Impact Of Person-Situation Congruence On People’S Preference For Interpersonal Interactions, Zachary Ian Harkinish-Murray
Theses and Dissertations
The present study aims to test the hypothesis that participants will prefer to interact with individuals in situations whose demands are congruent with the participant’s personality traits. The study used both poles of the Big Five personality traits systematically and comprehensively paired with five of the eight situational characteristics from the DIAMONDS model. The study comprised 94 participants with a gender split of 70:20, favoring females. Of the participant population, 59% (59.14%) were between the ages of 18-21. 44% (44.09%) of participants were White and non-Hispanic. Results indicated the predicted congruence effects only for the Extraversion/Sociality pair, whereas Neuroticism/Adversity also …
Hwa-Byung (화병): The Associations Between The Big Five Personality Traits And Psychopathology In Koreans And Americans, Sun Moon
Theses and Dissertations
Hwa-byung is an emotional and behavioral condition as well as cultural concept of distress primarily observed in Korean populations. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) classified hwa-byung as a Korean cultural-bound syndrome in 1994 (Min & Suh, 2010; as cited in APA, 2000). According to the DSM-IV, it often arises among middle-aged or older Korean women, but it can be occur in any gender across the lifespan. This study applied a combined emic-etic methodology to measure hwa-byung and examine the relationship between hwa-byung, Big Five personality traits, and psychological symptoms of distress (e.g., anxiety, depression, …
Measuring Consumer Satisfaction And Efficacy Of A Psychoeducational Material, Kyara Archie
Measuring Consumer Satisfaction And Efficacy Of A Psychoeducational Material, Kyara Archie
Theses and Dissertations
Discrimination has been shown to have negative effects on mental health (Vargas et al., 2020). Studies have shown that experiencing and perceiving racism can lead to symptoms of depression in Black individuals (Gayman & Barragan, 2013). Though this problem exists, there are limited methods and solutions presented that address the effects of racism on depression (Brondolo et al., 2009). Empirical research has not yielded clear findings on the best strategies for addressing discrimination. This limits the guidance that can be provided to people as they attempt to alleviate the concern associated with discrimination. Further, individuals may experience distress and discomfort …
Historical Trauma Thoughts, Daily Negative Emotion, And Rumination Among Urban-Dwelling American Indian/Alaska Native Adults, Sheena Yoshioka
Historical Trauma Thoughts, Daily Negative Emotion, And Rumination Among Urban-Dwelling American Indian/Alaska Native Adults, Sheena Yoshioka
Theses and Dissertations
When compared to other marginalized racial/ethnic groups, American Indians/Alaskan Natives (AI/AN) individuals have the highest rates of experiencing psychological distress and are at a greater risk of suicide (Brown-Rice, 2013). Historical trauma thoughts, defined as thinking about trauma experienced over generations, may contribute to these high rates of distress (Mohatt et al., 2014). We examined the relations of historical trauma thoughts to measures of distress in a sample of 258 AI/AN adults. Analyses indicate significant positive relations between historical trauma thinking to depression and daily negative emotion in the full sample. But when looking at our smaller sample (rumination-only data) …
The Effect Of The Gocomm Educational Intervention On Physician Distress Surrounding Goc Conversations Using The Physician Distress Inventory (Pdi), Thomas Anthony Bozzo
The Effect Of The Gocomm Educational Intervention On Physician Distress Surrounding Goc Conversations Using The Physician Distress Inventory (Pdi), Thomas Anthony Bozzo
Theses and Dissertations
End-of-life (EOL) care refers to the medical, emotional, and practical support provided to individuals who are nearing the end of their lives. Goals of care (GOC) discussions involve physician exploration of patient beliefs and values, though they do not need to be primarily focused on end-of-life health-care decisions. Engaging in EOL/GOC conversations has been linked to increased quality of life, decreased healthcare costs, and more frequently receiving care in line with patient preferences. Barriers to these discussions occurring exist at both the clinician-level (e.g., inadequate communications training) and the patient-level (e.g., heightened death anxiety). This study aimed to determine if …
Deferred Action For Childhood Arrivals Effect On Well-Being: A Systematic Review On Latino Recipients, Kimberly A. Mora
Deferred Action For Childhood Arrivals Effect On Well-Being: A Systematic Review On Latino Recipients, Kimberly A. Mora
Theses and Dissertations
To many undocumented Latino immigrants, the United States of America is seen as the land of opportunity, a country that will be able to provide a better future for their family and their children, a place for the American dream. Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals has been proof of America being the land of opportunity. Recipients are given the opportunity to do more for themselves, to build a better future than they would’ve had in their countries. Despite the controversies about immigration policies this program continues to stand; with its recipients showing their resilience to be in a country that …
Examination Of Reading Motivation Levels And Associated Factors In Deaf And Hard-Of-Hearing Adolescents, Sarah Carlton
Examination Of Reading Motivation Levels And Associated Factors In Deaf And Hard-Of-Hearing Adolescents, Sarah Carlton
Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this study is to examine self-rated levels of reading motivation and reading activity among Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing (DHH) Adolescents and the relationship to overall Language Arts skills. This study is framed by social learning theory and self-determination theory. DHH Adolescents (n=38), between the ages of 11 and 17, with bilateral hearing loss, located in Southern California participated in the study. Data collection included administration of the Motivation for Reading Questionnaire (MRQ), Reading Activity Inventory (RAI) and a demographic survey. Phase 2 included a focus group of Phase 1 participants (n=5). Survey data was analyzed quantitatively for mean …
Discursive Exclusion Of Chinese Americans:A Case Study Of New York City’S Political Media Landscape, Andrew G. White Iv
Discursive Exclusion Of Chinese Americans:A Case Study Of New York City’S Political Media Landscape, Andrew G. White Iv
Theses and Dissertations
The aim of this study was to answer the following question: Between November 2020 and November 2021, were Chinese Americans discursively excluded from New York City’s political media landscape? The Chinese American experience has been punctuated with countless examples of faith and investment in the American ideal. Despite that fact, it has also been marred with periods in which that faith was tested and in which the return on their investment fell short of expectations. To arrive at this study’s findings, a summative content analysis of two-hundred-forty-three news articles was conducted. To reinforce these findings, a subsequent, discursive analysis, of …
An Exploration Of The Relationship Between Reading Habits And Reading Achievement In Elementary Schools, Donna M. Deodato
An Exploration Of The Relationship Between Reading Habits And Reading Achievement In Elementary Schools, Donna M. Deodato
Theses and Dissertations
This study explored the multifaceted dynamics affecting the academic performance of high-achieving elementary students on end-of-year reading exams. It examines the influences of gender, age, genre preferences, the frequency of book borrowing, and language modality of instruction, all within the context of the elementary school library. Methodologically, the study employs a quantitative correlational approach. The data source comprises students' demographics, class assignments, end-of-year reading scores, and library patron records. Through the lens of Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Systems Theory, this research aimed to enrich our understanding of various interconnected systems in students’ environments, such as family, school, and community, with each level …
Optimizing Reunification Capabilities At Outdoor Music Festivals: Empowering Social Groups To Maintain Situational Awareness Through Geofencing And Geolocation, Justin Andrew Puchalsky
Optimizing Reunification Capabilities At Outdoor Music Festivals: Empowering Social Groups To Maintain Situational Awareness Through Geofencing And Geolocation, Justin Andrew Puchalsky
Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this research was to apply Social Identity Theory concepts to a modified Technology Acceptance Model for existing application-based software technologies on android and iOS platforms in an effort to facilitate user expectations of reunification efforts for pre-planned or spontaneous evacuations of Outdoor Music Festivals (OMF). Geofencing technology combined with geolocation sharing software will enable users that “opt-in” the ability to interface, plan, and disseminate instructions when separated from their social groups. While the overarching goal will allow evacuees to maintain baseline situational/spatial awareness, the modified concept, when applied, functions as a pseudo-visual crowd analysis tool for evacuees …
Homeless Encampments On Railroad Property And Their Effect On Crime Rates: A Multiple Methods Analysis, Michael Everett Jones
Homeless Encampments On Railroad Property And Their Effect On Crime Rates: A Multiple Methods Analysis, Michael Everett Jones
Theses and Dissertations
The U.S. homeless population’s size, vulnerability, and crime victim and offender risk merit further investigation. Valuable studies relating to homelessness and crime have been completed. However, there are missing notes in which a sample populace of homeless encampment sites, and subject matter expert opinions are combined into one study. A relationship tradition exists in the criminology research arena between appearance and esthetics levels in areas as visual cues and criminality. Through the decades, variations in crime rates across different settings have resulted in research about setting appearance and changes in frequency of crimes committed there. The purpose of this study …
Frequency Of Irrational Beliefs In Popular Music Genres And The Relationship Between Irrational Belief Concepts In Musical Lyrics And Mental Health Outcomes, Nadia Kemp
Theses and Dissertations
A popular type of media that Americans consume across ages is music. Today’s youth and adults can easily search for and listen to music. Given the increased availability of streaming music and its potential impact on people’s emotional states, this study examined the irrationality of contemporary musical lyrics. The sample consisted of the most frequently streamed songs from the years 2006-2022. A total of 1700 “Hot 100” songs from Billboard.com were collected and analyzed for Irrational Belief (IB) concepts. Genre-specific data was collected from Billboard’s “Year End Charts” for Country (n=1197), R&B/Hip Hop (n=1223), and Alternative (n=656) music for a …
An Analysis Of New York State Education Funding As It Relates To Minority Student Achievement, Linda Elizabeth Macias
An Analysis Of New York State Education Funding As It Relates To Minority Student Achievement, Linda Elizabeth Macias
Theses and Dissertations
he purpose of this nonexperimental quantitative study was to explore the relationship between New York State education funding for public school districts, the academic achievement of Black and Latinx students, and educational opportunity gaps that may result from a lack of access to Advanced Placement courses. These relationships were assessed with multiple linear regressions using the variables of student enrollment rates by race, English and math proficiency scores, the number of Advanced Placement, and levels of state education funding per district. The data were obtained from New York State Education Department financial reporting. The problem addressed by this study was …
Modeling The Burden Of Racial Discrimination And Its Effects On Anger Coping: A Latent Profile Analysis, Brandon Dial
Modeling The Burden Of Racial Discrimination And Its Effects On Anger Coping: A Latent Profile Analysis, Brandon Dial
Theses and Dissertations
Purpose: Perceived racial discrimination (PRD) is defined as unfair treatment received because of one’s race. Although prior research has established that PRD is a chronic psycho-social stressor with various subdimensions, there is less research exploring whether unique profiles or clusters of discriminatory experiences exist. Further, although research has identified positive relations between discrimination and anger suppression and expression, it is not known if profiles of discriminatory experiences are differentially linked to patterns of anger expression (i.e., anger suppression, outward anger expression, or anger control). Therefore, the aim of this study is to identify profiles of discriminatory experiences in a sample …
A Person-Centered Approach To The Mediating Effect Of Attention On Personality Similarity And Preference Using Eye-Tracking Technology, Gabriel Jose Sanchez
A Person-Centered Approach To The Mediating Effect Of Attention On Personality Similarity And Preference Using Eye-Tracking Technology, Gabriel Jose Sanchez
Theses and Dissertations
Similarity between personality traits has been observed to be predictive of preference and desirability in social relationships in various situations. Much of the research has approached detecting personality similarity on a trait-specific level using the Five Factor Model of personality or more recently by grouping individual personalities into clustered profiles using latent profile analysis. This study of 93 participants took a person-centered approach by detecting individual differences between participants’ personality profiles and target person profiles using Euclidean distance as a dissimilarity index. We then proposed attention as a mediating factor behind the observed association between personality similarity and preference. Using …
The Association Between Cognitive Flexibility, Childhood Adversity Exposure, And Internalizing And Externalizing Symptoms, Emilie Paul
Theses and Dissertations
Adversity exposure in childhood is associated with greater risk for developing internalizing and externalizing problems throughout childhood and adolescence (Henry et al., 2021). Adversity exposure may confer risk by impacting executive function, including reduced cognitive flexibility, due to the neurobiological consequences of increased stress hormone exposure (Kavanaugh et al., 2017). Previous research has linked adversity exposure to reduced cognitive flexibility in youth (Kavanaugh et al., 2017). Lower cognitive flexibility is also associated with internalizing and externalizing problems including depression, anxiety, and disruptive mood dysregulation disorder in youth and adults (Patwardhan et al., 2021; Stange et al., 2017; Braenden et al., …
Examining The Experiences Of Dei Practitioners: A Look At The Racial Disparity In Policing Of Black People And The Subsequent Need For Adaptive Leadership, Lashawn Taylor
Theses and Dissertations
For centuries, Black people in the U.S. have had to navigate structural and institutional racism. This is especially true for the system of policing, which evolved from pre-emancipation slave patrols. Though law enforcement agencies have made strides in the past 160 years, Black people continue to be targeted and killed by police at a disproportionate rate. Evidence shows that DEI training initiatives within policing often fail to reduce this racial disparity that exists in policing. Yet, improved training outcomes surrounding racial relations continues to be a priority. The purpose of this qualitative, phenomenological study was to examine the experiences of …
A Systematic Review Of Risk And Protective Factors For Mental Health Among Latinx College Students, Melissa Gavilanes
A Systematic Review Of Risk And Protective Factors For Mental Health Among Latinx College Students, Melissa Gavilanes
Theses and Dissertations
A quantitative studies systematic review with narrative synthesis was conducted to explore the risk and protective factors among Latinx college students’ mental health. This systematic review also aimed to identify the relevant demographic variability to the mental health of Latinx college students, and the relationship between mental health and academic performance within this population. Data was collected from four electronic databases and included peer-reviewed articles published between 2000 and 2022, conducted within the United States, participants over the age of 17, and samples comprised of or including Latinx college students. Studies utilizing quantitative designs, and quantitative portions of mixed method …
From Command Posts To Corporations: Applying United States Marine Corps Leadership Development To Corporate Organization Development, Paul D. Gowin
From Command Posts To Corporations: Applying United States Marine Corps Leadership Development To Corporate Organization Development, Paul D. Gowin
Theses and Dissertations
This research investigates the applicability of the United States Marine Corps (USMC) leadership development (LD) to corporate organizational development (OD). Despite significant investment in LD, many corporate programs do not meet expectations, highlighting the need for effective models. The USMC LD approach, emphasizing personal and subordinate leadership skills development, mission accomplishment, and team welfare, presents a unique model for exploration. This study examines the integration of USMC leadership components-traits, principles, and core values-into corporate leadership roles and evaluates the perception of USMC veterans on their applicability in corporate settings. The research employs a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative surveys of 125 …
Building Resilience, Navigating Crises Since 2019: A Phenomenological Study Of Leadership Factors Influencing Retail Business Owners In Lebanon, Mira Fadel
Theses and Dissertations
The Lebanese population and culture are recognized for their resilience when facing adversity withstanding events such as the Lebanese Civil War, and multiple country invasions. The purpose of this study was to explore the lived experiences of retail business owners from different geographical regions and retail types in Lebanon and to identify the leadership factors that kept them resilient while navigating the compounding crises since 2019. The leadership factors included leadership styles, strategies, and agility. The conceptual framework encompassed all leadership factors, the retail industry, cultural context, and resilience. Data for this hermeneutic phenomenology was collected through semi-structured interviews followed …
Neurodevelopmental Trajectories As An Explanatory Mechanism For Adverse Mental Health Outcomes Following Child Maltreatment, Casey Burton Corso
Neurodevelopmental Trajectories As An Explanatory Mechanism For Adverse Mental Health Outcomes Following Child Maltreatment, Casey Burton Corso
Theses and Dissertations
Affecting one in every seven children in the United States, child maltreatment (CM) is a major public health issue associated with a myriad of adverse outcomes (e.g., alcohol and drug abuse, mental illness, interpersonal violence, sexual risk taking, etc.). While any subtype of CM (e.g., physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional abuse, and neglect) increases the likelihood of subsequent psychopathology, heterogeneity in psychiatric sequelae of CM is associated with different CM subtypes. Elucidating the underlying mechanisms of this heterogeneity is vital for improving intervention and treatment of CM, and research aimed at accomplishing this is a critical need. One possible explanatory …
Variability In Perceptions Of Complementary Health Approaches Among Graduate Student Trainees, Delaney C. Bilodeau
Variability In Perceptions Of Complementary Health Approaches Among Graduate Student Trainees, Delaney C. Bilodeau
Theses and Dissertations
Complementary Health Approaches (CHAs) encompass a diverse range of practices which are often used both independently and alongside conventional medical treatments. Understanding how graduate students training in different fields perceive CHAs is important because these professional trainees will go on to occupy roles as healthcare practitioners, researchers, policy makers, and consumers. This study used sequential rank agreement methods (Ekstrøm, Gerds, & Jensen, 2019) to investigate variations in perceptions of CHAs in a sample of graduate students (N = 416) from 140 possible training programs. Ratings of CHA familiarity, perceptions of CHA legitimacy, and willingness to recommend CHAs were compared …
The Influence Of Flavor On The Abuse Liability Of A Heated Tobacco Product And Its Feasibility As A Menthol Cigarette Substitute, Augustus White
The Influence Of Flavor On The Abuse Liability Of A Heated Tobacco Product And Its Feasibility As A Menthol Cigarette Substitute, Augustus White
Theses and Dissertations
Heated Tobacco Products (HTPs) purport to expose people that use cigarettes to fewer of the harmful or potentially harmful constituents of tobacco while still delivering reinforcing amounts of nicotine (Auer, Concha-Lozano et al., 2017). An exemplar of the HTP class, IQOS, and its three varieties of “HeatSticks” have been authorized by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as “Modified Risk Tobacco Products” (MRTP). However, as the FDA is planning to ban menthol as a characterizing flavor in cigarettes, questions remain regarding whether characterizing flavors should be permitted in HTPs (FDA, 2022e). New evidence regarding HTP abuse liability (i.e., the likelihood …
Using Natural Language Processing To Understand The Lived Experiences Of People Identifying With Adhd: What Themes Emerge In Social Media Posts?, Gabby C. Scalzo
Using Natural Language Processing To Understand The Lived Experiences Of People Identifying With Adhd: What Themes Emerge In Social Media Posts?, Gabby C. Scalzo
Theses and Dissertations
Compared to the amount of research conducted on how to identify and understand children with Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), there has been relatively little work done to understand the lived experiences of adults with ADHD. Increased understanding of how adults with ADHD conceptualize themselves in the context of their diagnosis would help clinical experts tailor research and treatments to better serve these communities. However, there are several barriers towards conducting high-quality qualitative research, including time- and labor-intensity. This study, informed by qualitative research traditions, used innovative data sources (i.e., social media) and analytic techniques (i.e., machine learning) to reduce these …
Community Informant And Mental Health Provider Perspectives On Access To Mental Healthcare For Lgbtqia+ Communities In Virginia, Chariz Seijo
Theses and Dissertations
The existing literature on mental health disparities for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, intersex, and asexual (LGBTQIA+) populations suggests members of LGBTQIA+ populations are at greater risk of mental health disorders than cisgender and heterosexual individuals. The COVID-19 pandemic has also exacerbated mental health disparities for many, including LGBTQIA+ populations. Combined with mental health provider shortages and anti- LGBTQIA+ bills across the country, inequities in mental healthcare are a significant concern. This qualitative study was designed to gather unique perspectives of key community informants and mental health providers on their experiences with mental healthcare provision to LGBTQIA+ communities in Virginia. …