Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Properties Of Bound Estimators On Treatment Effect Heterogeneity For Binary Outcomes, Edward J. Mascha, Jeffrey M. Albert

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

Variability in individual causal effects, treatment effect heterogeneity (TEH), is important to the interpretation of clinical trial results, regardless of the marginal treatment effect. Unfortunately, it is usually ignored. In the setting of two-arm randomized studies with binary outcomes, there are estimators for bounds on the probability of control success and treatment failure for an individual, or the treatment risk. Here, those bounds were refined and the sampling properties were assessed using simulations of correlated multinomial data via the Dirichlet multinomial. Results indicated low bias and mean squared error. Moderate to high intraclass correlation (ICC) and large numbers of clusters …

A Combined Individuals And Moving Range Control Chart, Michael B. C. Khoo, S. H. Quah, C. K. Ch'ng

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

An individuals control chart is usually used to monitor shifts in the process mean when it is not possible to form subgroups. The moving range of two successive process measures is used as the basis for estimating the process variability. Similar to the case of the X − R and X − S charts, the individualsmoving range (I-MR) charts are used simultaneously in the monitoring of the process mean and variance respectively for individual observations, requiring maintaining two different charts. In this article, a new approach is suggested where the measurements of both the process mean and variance are plotted …

Variance Estimation And Construction Of Confidence Intervals For Gee Estimator, Shenghai Zhang, Mary E. Thompson

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

The sandwich estimator, also known as the robust covariance matrix estimator, has achieved increasing use in the statistical literature as well as with the growing popularity of generalized estimating equations (GEE). A modified sandwich variance estimator is proposed, and its consistency and efficiency are studied. It is compared with other variance estimators, such as a model based estimator, the sandwich estimator and a corrected sandwich estimator. Confidence intervals for regression parameters based on these estimators are discussed. Simulation studies using clustered data to compare the performance of variance estimators are reported.

The Use Of Hierarchical Ancova In Curriculum Studies, Show-Mann Liou, Chao-Ying Joanne Peng

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

Many educational studies are carried out in intact settings, such as classrooms or groups in which individual data were collected before and after a treatment. Researchers advocate either the use of individual scores as the unit of analysis or class means. Both approaches suffer from conceptual and methodological limitations. In this article, the use of hierarchical ANCOVA for analyzing quasiexperimental data including baseline measures is designed and promoted. It is illustrated with a realworld data set collected from a curriculum study. Results showed that the hierarchical ANCOVA is a conceptually and methodologically sound approach, and is better than ANCOVA based …

A Combined Standard Deviation Based Data Clustering Algorithm, Kuttiannan Thangavel, Durairaj Ashok Kumar

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

The clustering problem has been widely studied because it arises in many knowledge management oriented applications. It aims at identifying the distribution of patterns and intrinsic correlations in data sets by partitioning the data points into similarity clusters. Traditional clustering algorithms use distance functions to measure similarity centroid, which subside the influences of data points. Hence, in this article a novel non-distance based clustering algorithm is proposed which uses Combined Standard Deviation (CSD) as measure of similarity. The performance of CSD based K-means approach, called K-CSD clustering algorithm, is tested on synthetic data sets. It compared favorably to widely used …

Jmasm23: Cluster Analysis In Epidemiological Data (Matlab), Andrés M. Alonso

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

Matlab functions for testing the existence of time, space and time-space clusters of disease occurrences are presented. The classical scan test, the Ederer, Myers and Mantel’s test, the Ohno, Aoki and Aoki’s test, and the Knox’s test are considered.

Confidence Intervals On Subsets May Be Misleading, Juliet Popper Shaffer

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

No abstract provided.

Statistical Pronouncements V, Jmasm Editors

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

No abstract provided.

Properties Of The Gar(1) Model For Time Series Of Counts, Vasiliki Karioti, Chrys Caroni

Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods

Models for time series count data include several proposed by Zeger and Qaqish (1988), subsequently generalized into the GARMA family. The GAR(1) model is examined in detail. The maximum likelihood estimation of the parameters will be discussed and the properties of Pearson and randomized residuals will be examined.

Exploring Interlocal Cooperation In Public Safety: An Annotated Bibliography , Shanthi Mohankumar

Working Group on Interlocal Services Cooperation

This bibliography summarizes fourteen studies of interlocal collaboration in fire and/or police services. It directs scholars to research materials that examine the patterns of cooperation and relative financial and other advantages (if any) of contracting out these services to other governments. It also includes studies related to the consolidation of police and fire services. Though not exhaustive, this collection of studies includes materials from different time periods and with diverse approaches.

Multiple Principals And Collective Action: China’S Rural Credit Cooperatives And Poor Households’ Access To Credit, Lynette H. Ong

Lynette H Ong, Dr

Ample empirical evidence suggests that Rural Credit Cooperatives (RCCs), which are the core credit institutions in rural China, are not accountable to their member households. This article argues that this conundrum can be explained by an institutional analysis of the credit cooperatives using the multiple principals–agent framework: the credit cooperatives as agents are accountable to multiple heterogeneous principals—with multiple conflicting objectives. The multiple principals are (1) the County RCC Unions, which exercise control using the evaluation criteria on which the remuneration of grassroots RCC officers is assessed; (2) local party secretaries, who exert influence through top personnel appointment and dismissal …

If Not Dc, Then Mods? A Look At The Metadata Object Description Schema, Cheryl D. Walters

Cheryl D. Walters

No abstract provided.

Is There A Political Support For The Double Burden On Prolonged Activity? , Georges Casamatta, Helmuth Cremer, Pierre Pestieau

Georges Casamatta

In many countries elderly workers are subject to a double distortion when they consider prolonging their activity: the payroll tax and a reduction in their pension rights. It is often argued that such a double burden would not be socially desirable. We consider a setting where it would be rejected by both a utilitarian and a Rawlsian social planner. Furthermore, each individual would also reject it as a citizen candidate. We show that the double burden may nevertheless be (second-best) Pareto efficient and can be supported by a particular structure of social weights biased towards the more productive workers.

Toward A New Horizontal Federalism: Interstate Water Management In The Great Lakes Region, Noah D. Hall

Noah D Hall

This article presents a new model for environmental policy, called cooperative horizontal federalism. The cooperative horizontal federalism approach utilizes a constitutional mechanism for states to bind themselves to common substantive and procedural environmental protection standards, implemented individually with regional resources and enforcement. Here, the concept of cooperative horizontal federalism model is illustrated through the recently proposed Great Lakes-St. Lawrence River Basin Water Resources Compact. Under this proposed compact, the eight Great Lakes states would cooperatively manage the world’s largest freshwater resource under common minimum standards, which are then incorporated into state law and implemented individually. This cooperative horizontal federalism approach …

The Impact Of Party And Ideology On Roll Call Voting In State Legislatures, Shannon Jenkins

Shannon Jenkins

To assess the relative impact of party and ideology on legislative behavior, I utilize survey-based measures of legislator ideology to examine voting in five state legislatures. The results suggest that, although party and ideology both influence voting, the impact of party is greater. The magnitude of this impact varies, however, from chamber to chamber. The activity of parties in the electoral arena explains part of this variance, with more active parties having more influence. Thus, research on legislative behavior should focus on the context surrounding the decision-making process in order for us to understand the influences on voting.

Is Resisting Genocide A Human Right?, David B. Kopel, Paul Gallant, Joanne D. Eisen

David B Kopel

The genocide in Darfur, Sudan, is perhaps the worst human rights crisis of the new century. This article examines the failures of the international response so far, and offers a solution based on international human rights law.

Conducting an in-depth study of the Darfur genocide, and also discussing other genocides, the Article details the inadequacy of many of the international community's response to genocides, including “targeted sanctions” or international peacekeeping forces.

The Article then examines international legal authorities such as the Genocide Convention, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and the International Court of Justice, and demonstrates that groups which …

Debatir El Presupuesto Nacional Desde La Seguridad Ciudadana, Fernando Carrión Mena

Fernando Carrión Mena

El presupuesto del sector público se define, por un lado, de acuerdo a las relaciones de poder que, finalmente, se expresan en las políticas públicas. Esto significa que el presupuesto es producto de la correlación de fuerzas entre actores que intervienen en la definición de prioridades del ingreso y del gasto. Por otro lado, el presupuesto también constituye un mecanismo para transparentar ingresos y egresos, es decir, para rendir cuentas de lo actuado.

¿Es este el caso del presupuesto de seguridad ciudadana? ¿Existe un presupuesto de la seguridad ciudadana?

En relación a estas interrogantes es necesario señalar que a diferencia, …

Helping Infant Economies Grow: Foundations Of Trade Policies For Developing Countries, Joseph Stiglitz, Bruce Greenwald

Joseph Stiglitz

No abstract provided.

Course Management Systems, Libraries And Teaching: Exploring Relationships For Learning, Christine N. Turner

Christine Turner

With a literature review and four case studies this article presents current trends and practices in CMS use in higher educations. CMS influence on teaching, learning, academic library services and information literacy instruction in Australia and the United States is explored. CMSs have not yet fulfilled their potential.

Klipsun Magazine, 2006, Volume 36, Issue 06 - May, Kate M. Miller

Klipsun Magazine

Change is scary. Staying in the comfort of the familiar is always easier than venturing into the unknown. That is why I am always inspired by people willing to innovate. It takes courage to look toward the new to amend the old.

Stories such as "Wave of the Future" and "Baker's New Breakfast" show how finding new ways to accomplish old goals can be a good thing. From the first bilingual school north of Seattle to an animal shelter that found an alternative to euthanizing, people are thinking outside of the box.

I hope readers, when reading this issue of …

Comprehensive Economic Development Strategy (Ceds) For The Rio Grande Council Of Governments (Rgcog), Dennis L. Soden, America Tirado, Janet S. Conary, Miguel Chavez

IPED Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

Don't Ask Don't Tell And The Uri Community, Justin Thames

Senior Honors Projects

When Bill Clinton and his staff introduced the Don’t Ask Don’t Tell Bill(US Code 10) it created quite a controversy. The bill was designed to replace the then current system of asking for an individual’s sexual orientation on a military application thus making homosexuality a barrier to service in the United States Armed Forces. The bill was finally passed in 1993 and is meant to keep people in power from discriminating on the basis of homosexuality. This new law requires that no investigations be launched to identify the sexual orientation of a service member nor will hearsay be allowed to …

Explorations Of Self: A Philosophical Inquiry, Meredith Rathbun

Senior Honors Projects

Asking “Who am I?” seems to be something that everybody ponders. This concept of “I”—what is it? We all have an individual and unique “I”—something that has been with each of us since birth, something that has changed and grown, but also stayed the same in many ways. My question “What is The Self?” is imperative. What is it that experiences life, if not The Self? When a 99-year-old man watches his last sunset, reflecting on his life, what inside of him is doing that reflecting? As you read my ideas on this page, what inside of you is processing …

Entertaining Politics And The College Student, Alexandra Rubin

Senior Honors Projects

Mass media is crucial in forming and reflecting opinion in society. Newspaper, television, and the internet all play a critical role in the daily lives of Americans; disseminating information that shapes views of life, culture, and politics. It seems like all forms of media communication, either subliminally or blatantly, reflect the political climate of the day. The news media flood American homes with images, audio, and commentary on political happenings. My questions are as follows: How much basic political knowledge does an average college student possess? Where does the average college student receive his or her political knowledge? Does celebrity …

Handling And Preventing Journalistic Fraud: Janet Cooke, Stephen Glass, Jayson Blair, Kenneth Munson

Undergraduate Theses and Capstone Projects

Fraud is a growing concern in the news business, especially in recent years where numerous journalism scandals rock its foundation. This paper examines the most prominent cases: Stephen Glass, the reporter for The New Republic newsmagazine who completely or partially fabricated 27 stories in the late ‘90s; Jayson Blair, the New York Times reporter who was found to have plagiarized or made up his supposedly on-thescene reporting in 2003; and Janet Cooke, who won a Pulitzer Prize in 1981 for her Washington Post story about a child heroin addict who, in actuality, did not exist. This paper will examine flaws …

Monsters We Become: The Development Of The Inhuman Narrative Voice, Jeff Lacy

Library Faculty Research

Monsters are usually unsympathetic and senseless, preying on humans without provocation or reason. They are completely Other to humanity. Monsters represent forces of nature or divine wrath-things to which humans are powerless to appeal. Defeating monsters is characteristic of heroes, those who surpass normal human limitations. In the traditional monstrous text, monsters are obstacles for the hero.

In contemporary texts, the tables are turned. Sympathetic yet still Other-ed monsters may represent repressed human desires or marginalized people oppressed by the culture of the "hero." The key difference is that these monsters use language. They tell their side of the story …

The Triumph And Sorrow Of Beauty: Comparing The Recursive, Contrapuntal, And Cellular Aesthetics Of Being, George Mentore

Tipití: Journal of the Society for the Anthropology of Lowland South America

The principal assumption put forward in this paper will be that for the Waiwai the privileging of lateral visibility brings ideas about a fractal individual into association with recursive power, while for coastal Guyanese and U.S. societies, respectively, the privileging of axial visibility brings concepts about an autonomous individual into association with contrapuntal and cellular relations of power. It will be argued that, contrary to the Waiwai situation, in its agenda to achieve a greater efficiency for the workings of its political relations with its citizens, the desire of the modern state, expressed through its privileged use of axial visibility, …

West Virginia Libraries 2006 Vol.59 No.3, Pamela Coyle

West Virginia Libraries Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Where Does Our Food Come From?

Publications and Exhibits

This twenty-two-panel exhibit traces Knox County's food system from farm to table. Drawing on interviews and fieldwork with dozens of local residents, including farmers, food processors, truckers, restaurant owners, and consumers, the exhibit consists of photographs and text that provide a unique perspective on the food we eat and the character of rural communities. The exhibit debuted at Kenyon College in May 2006 and has been featured at the Knox County Fair and the Centerburg (Ohio) Oldtime Farming Festival. This exhibit is on permanent display at Malabar Farm State Park in Lucas, Ohio. "Where Does Our Food Come From?" is …

“Purús Song”: Nationalization And Tribalization In Southwestern Amazonia, Peter Gow

Tipití: Journal of the Society for the Anthropology of Lowland South America

Starting from a statement about knowledge and power by a Piaroa informant of Joanna Overing, the article analyses two descriptions of a meal on the Purús river in the early twentieth century: a Piro song and a short essay by Euclides da Cunha. Contrasting these two pieces in the context of how the ancestors of the Piro people of today came to meet the famous Brazilian writer, I propose the concepts of “nationalization” and “tribalization” as modes of symbolic action. Nationalization takes local events and escalates them into the space-time of the nation state, while tribalization deactivates the dangerous ramifications …