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2007

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Articles 11611 - 11640 of 11883

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Alternative Policy Designs And The Socio-Political Construction Of Child Care, Elizabeth Rigby, Kate Tarrant, Michelle Neuman Dec 2006

Alternative Policy Designs And The Socio-Political Construction Of Child Care, Elizabeth Rigby, Kate Tarrant, Michelle Neuman

Elizabeth Rigby

No abstract provided.

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The Domestic Violence Experiences Of Women In Community Corrections, Rachel Bridges Whaley, Angela M. Moe, J. Mark Eddy, Jean Daugherty Dec 2006

The Domestic Violence Experiences Of Women In Community Corrections, Rachel Bridges Whaley, Angela M. Moe, J. Mark Eddy, Jean Daugherty

Angela M. Moe

A variety of studies indicate high rates of domestic violence in the backgrounds of women offenders. We examine and extend this work through a qualitative study of women on probation or parole in a western U.S. county. In-depth interviews were conducted with 14 women who participated in a larger study in which only questionnaire data were collected. Participants completed a brief telephone interview about prior experiences of partner violence and then a face-to-face extensive in-person interview. In the analyses, several notable themes emerged regarding the women's histories of child victimization, partner abuse, substance abuse, coercion into crime, and a lack …

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Facets Of Acculturation And Their Diverse Relations To Body Shape Concern In Fiji, Ruth Striegel Weissman Dec 2006

Facets Of Acculturation And Their Diverse Relations To Body Shape Concern In Fiji, Ruth Striegel Weissman

Ruth Striegel Weissman

Objective: The present study examines the relation between acculturation and body shape concern in Fiji—a society undergoing rapid social change. Method: Data were from two cohorts of ethnic Fijian girls and women collected in 1998 (n = 115). A factor analysis was performed to identify dimensions of acculturation. The association of these with body shape concern was examined with linear regression. Results: Three dimensions of acculturation were identified. Multiple linear regression models demonstrated that each of these dimensions of acculturation had a unique relation to body shape concern. The adjusted R2 for the fully adjusted model relating acculturation to …

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Dietary Patterns In Adolescence Are Related To Adiposity In Young Adulthood In Black And White Females, Ruth Striegel Weissman Dec 2006

Dietary Patterns In Adolescence Are Related To Adiposity In Young Adulthood In Black And White Females, Ruth Striegel Weissman

Ruth Striegel Weissman

Few studies have systematically used a total diet approach to classify adolescent dietary patterns. We examined dietary patterns in relation to nutrient intakes and adiposity in the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Growth and Health Study cohort of 2371 black and white girls recruited at 9-10 y of age and followed for 10 y. Serial measurements were obtained for indices of anthropometry, dietary intake, physical activity, and sociodemographic variables. Dietary patterns for the 2 racial subgroups were separately identified by cluster analysis of 40 food groupings derived from 3-d food records. Nutrient intakes and measures of adiposity (BMI, percent …

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Risk Factors For Binge Eating Disorders: An Exploratory Study, Ruth Striegel Weissman Dec 2006

Risk Factors For Binge Eating Disorders: An Exploratory Study, Ruth Striegel Weissman

Ruth Striegel Weissman

Objective: This study examined a broad range of childhood risk factors for binge-eating disorders (bulimia nervosa or binge eating disorder, BN/BED), utilizing data that had been collected prospectively in the 10-year National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Growth and Health Study. Method: Forty-five women with a history of BED/BN (with onset age > 14 and <20 years) and 1,515 women who did not have a history of an eating disorder were included. Results: Signal detection analysis indicated a single pathway that identified *13% of the BED/BN cases. The pathway was based on an elevated level of perceived stress prior to …

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Same Policy Area, Different Politics: How The Characteristics Of Policy Tools Alter The Determinants Of Early Childhood Policymaking, Elizabeth Rigby Dec 2006

Same Policy Area, Different Politics: How The Characteristics Of Policy Tools Alter The Determinants Of Early Childhood Policymaking, Elizabeth Rigby

Elizabeth Rigby

This article tests a theory of how key characteristics of a policy tool under debate magnify the importance of particular elements of the policymaking context in U.S. states. In particular, it is expected that state use of more visible policy tools will depend on the economic context in the state, whereas state use of more coercive policy tools will vary with the ideological and partisan context in the state. These hypotheses are tested in a policy area for which states employ a range of distinct policy tools—early childhood education policy. Pooling data from all 50 states at four time points …

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Consumers’ Response To Offensive Advertising: A Cross Cultural Study, Kara Chan, Lyann Li, Sandra Diehl, Terlutter Ralf Dec 2006

Consumers’ Response To Offensive Advertising: A Cross Cultural Study, Kara Chan, Lyann Li, Sandra Diehl, Terlutter Ralf

Professor Kara Chan

No abstract provided.

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Validation Of The Eating Disorder Diagnostic Scale For Use With Hong Kong Adolescents., Ruth Striegel Weissman Dec 2006

Validation Of The Eating Disorder Diagnostic Scale For Use With Hong Kong Adolescents., Ruth Striegel Weissman

Ruth Striegel Weissman

Objective: We examined the psychometric properties of the Eating Disorder Diagnostic Scale (EDDS) in a community sample of Hong Kong school children. Method: Participants (359 boys and 387 girls), aged 12 to 19 years, were assessed on the EDDS on two occasions, one month apart. Factor structure, internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and validity against the Eating Disorders Examination–Questionnaire (EDE-Q) and Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression (CES-D) were investigated. Results: Four groupings emerged on exploratory factor analysis: body dissatisfaction, bingeing behaviors, bingeing frequency, and frequency of compensatory behaviors. Items loaded on the same factors for boys and girls. Internal consistency for these …

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Risk Factors For Eating Disorders, Ruth Striegel Weissman Dec 2006

Risk Factors For Eating Disorders, Ruth Striegel Weissman

Ruth Striegel Weissman

The authors review research on risk factors for eating disorders, restricting their focus to studies in which clear precedence of the hypothesized risk factor over onset of the disorder is established. They illustrate how studies of sociocultural risk factors and biological factors have progressed on parallel tracks and propose that major advances in understanding the etiology of eating disorders require a new generation of studies that integrate these domains. They discuss how more sophisticated and novel conceptualizations of risk and causal processes may inform both nosology and intervention efforts.

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A Culture Served: A Neighborhood Evolves And The Economy Revitalizes, M. Monica Gillen Dec 2006

A Culture Served: A Neighborhood Evolves And The Economy Revitalizes, M. Monica Gillen

M. Monica Gillen

The La Plaza on Grand Avenue in Des Moines seeks to generate retail stability for Hispanic and Latino residents and economic movement in the area.

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Iowa Architect: Promoting The Noteworthy Design Of Yesterday, Today And Tomorrow, M. Monica Gillen Dec 2006

Iowa Architect: Promoting The Noteworthy Design Of Yesterday, Today And Tomorrow, M. Monica Gillen

M. Monica Gillen

To create, fashion and construct is to design. Ideas begin in the mind and are brought out through various acts of creativity, including but not limited to drawings and writings. An underlying theme governs the process and the plan becomes the means for articulating its execution.

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Communication, Health And Aging: Promoting Empowerment, Marie Y. Savundranayagam, E. B. Ryan, M. L. Hummert Dec 2006

Communication, Health And Aging: Promoting Empowerment, Marie Y. Savundranayagam, E. B. Ryan, M. L. Hummert

Marie Y. Savundranayagam

No abstract provided.

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Toward An Understanding Of Risk Factors For Anorexia Nervosa: A Case-Control Study, R H. Striegel, K M. Pike, A Hilbert, D E. Wilfley, C G. Fairburn, F A. Dohm, B T. Walsh Dec 2006

Toward An Understanding Of Risk Factors For Anorexia Nervosa: A Case-Control Study, R H. Striegel, K M. Pike, A Hilbert, D E. Wilfley, C G. Fairburn, F A. Dohm, B T. Walsh

Ruth Striegel Weissman

Background

Prospective, longitudinal studies of risk factors for anorexia nervosa (AN) are lacking and existing cross-sectional studies are generally narrow in focus and lack methodological rigor. Building on two studies that used the Oxford Risk Factor Interview (RFI) to establish time precedence and comprehensively assess potential risk correlates for AN, the present study advances this line of research and represents the first case-control study of risk factors for AN in the USA.

Method

The RFI was used for retrospective assessment of a broad range of risk factors, while establishing time precedence. Using a case-control design, 50 women who met DSM-IV …

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Linking Identity And Dialect Through Stancetaking, Barbara Johnstone Dec 2006

Linking Identity And Dialect Through Stancetaking, Barbara Johnstone

Barbara Johnstone

No abstract provided.

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Do Mothers In Rural China Practice Gender Equality In Educational Aspirations For Their Children?, Yuping Zhang, Grace Kao, Emily Hannum Dec 2006

Do Mothers In Rural China Practice Gender Equality In Educational Aspirations For Their Children?, Yuping Zhang, Grace Kao, Emily Hannum

Grace Kao

No abstract provided.

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Palestinian Memory Between Inscription And Obliteration, Randa R. Farah Dr. Dec 2006

Palestinian Memory Between Inscription And Obliteration, Randa R. Farah Dr.

Randa R Farah Dr.

Book Review

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Paradoxes Of Labor Process Control: Adverse Occupational Health, Linda A. Treiber Dec 2006

Paradoxes Of Labor Process Control: Adverse Occupational Health, Linda A. Treiber

Linda A. Treiber

Does having control over your work make you less likely to get injured on the job? Or is workplace safety climate more important to your health? What are the effects of using your skills on the job? What are the positive and negative effects of having friendly co-workers? What are the most important factors in determining exhaustion and persistent pain? How does workplace organization contribute to overall health? Most of the existing literature on worker health and safety fails to appreciate the ways in which workers are embedded in a social context with complex relationships. Often, epidemiologic models lack a …

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Corruption And Policy Implementation In The Philippines: A Comparative Analysis Of The Teacher Training And Textbook Delivery Programmes, Vicente C. Reyes Jr Dec 2006

Corruption And Policy Implementation In The Philippines: A Comparative Analysis Of The Teacher Training And Textbook Delivery Programmes, Vicente C. Reyes Jr

Dr. Vicente C Reyes Jr

Corruption is a perennial obstacle to the Philippines’ pursuit of development. The Department of Education (DepEd) is considered to be one of the most corrupt agencies in the Philippines. However, there are two DepEd programmes with different levels of effectiveness in controlling corruption. The Textbook Delivery Programme has been ineffective while the Programme on Basic Education has been successful. The article explains the different levels of implementing these programmes by using local perspectives via the ‘narratives of implementation actors’. Apart from providing insights on the challenges facing the evolving educational bureaucracy in the Philippines, this article also demonstrates the utility …

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Knowledge, Technology Trajectories, And Innovation In A Developing Country Context: Evidence From A Survey Of Malaysian Firms, Deepak Hegde, Philip Shapira Dec 2006

Knowledge, Technology Trajectories, And Innovation In A Developing Country Context: Evidence From A Survey Of Malaysian Firms, Deepak Hegde, Philip Shapira

Philip Shapira

This paper investigates the applicability of contemporary firm-level innovation concepts to a developing country context by drawing on the results of a survey of Malaysian manufacturing and service establishments. We build on Keith Pavitt’s ‘technology trajectories’ framework to empirically test the effect of firms’ structure, strategy, resources, and environment on the probability of their product, process, and organisational innovations across various sectors. We find that Malaysian firms possess relatively high process and organisational innovation capabilities, but lag in new product development. Further, they more frequently utilise a variety of ‘soft factors’ like employee training, knowledge management practices, and collaboration with market actors …

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Epa Technology Programs: Engaging The Marketplace, Joann S. Lighty Dec 2006

Epa Technology Programs: Engaging The Marketplace, Joann S. Lighty

JoAnn S. Lighty

This report, EPA Technology Programs: Engaging the Marketplace, is the second of two reports issued by the National Advisory Council for Environmental Policy and Technology (NACEPT) on the role of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in fostering the development and deployment of innovative environmental technologies. Produced by NACEPT Subcommittee on Environmental Technology, the first report was published in May 2006 and focused on the internal structure, efficacy, and communication aspects of EPA's many and diverse technology programs. The Subcommittee now issues its second and final report on EPA's relationships, interactions, and communication with the vast universe of entities …

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Canadian Muslims: Political Discourses In Tension, Paul W. Nesbitt-Larking Dec 2006

Canadian Muslims: Political Discourses In Tension, Paul W. Nesbitt-Larking

Paul W Nesbitt-Larking

This article reports on certain studies conducted as part of a broader exploration of Muslim diasporic experiences of political integration and citizenship in contemporary Canada. Both within the Muslim community and between that community and other Canadians, social relations and social representations have recently been undergoing profound reconfigurations, reflective of the ebbs and flows of global forces. Through in-depth interviewing of Canadian Muslims and a discourse analysis of the transcripts of parliamentary Hansard, this article explores the dialectics of two discourses in Canada: a dominant discourse of concern regarding anti-Muslim words and actions in Canada and beyond, and a secondary …

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Dating Violence Among African American Couples, Carolyn M. West Dec 2006

Dating Violence Among African American Couples, Carolyn M. West

Carolyn M. West

Dating violence can occur across all racial/ethnic groups. However, African Americans are overrepresented in demographic categories that are at increased risk for dating violence.

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Revising The Ses: A Collaborative Process To Improve Assessment Of Sexual Aggression And Victimization, Mary P. Koss, Antonia Abbey, Rebecca Campbell, Sarah Cook, Jeanette Norris, Maria Testa, Sarah Ullman, Carolyn M. West, Jacquelyn White Dec 2006

Revising The Ses: A Collaborative Process To Improve Assessment Of Sexual Aggression And Victimization, Mary P. Koss, Antonia Abbey, Rebecca Campbell, Sarah Cook, Jeanette Norris, Maria Testa, Sarah Ullman, Carolyn M. West, Jacquelyn White

Carolyn M. West

The Sexual Experiences Survey (SES) assesses victimization and perpetration of unwanted sexual experiences. Revised versions of the SES that resulted from the work of the SES Collaboration are now available. This article reviews weaknesses of the SES that were identified, strengths that were preserved, and methodological considerations in the measurement of unwanted sexual experiences that informed the revisions. The primary changes include: more behavioral specificity; conversion to gender neutrality; full crossing of unwanted acts and coercive tactics; and revised and updated wording for assessing consent, alcohol-related incidents, unwanted acts, and coercive tactics. For illustration, the full text of the revised …

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"Sorry Have To Take You In": Black Battered Women Arrested For Intimate Partner Violence, Carolyn M. West Dec 2006

"Sorry Have To Take You In": Black Battered Women Arrested For Intimate Partner Violence, Carolyn M. West

Carolyn M. West

The purpose of the present effort is to examine the experiences of Black victim-defendants. To begin, an integration of both the family violence gender symmetry perspective and the contextual perspective is reviewed, with a particular focus on Black women's use of violence within heterosexual relationships. The concept of bidirectional asymmetric violence is then developed as a result of that integration. This is followed by an exploration of possible factors that may contribute to Black women's overrepresentation in the legal system, including the enactment of mandatory arrest laws. Because feminist scholars have used life histories to document the experiences of Black …

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Brief Report: Impact Of Classroom Presentations About Health And Help Seeking On Rural Australian Adolescents’ Intentions To Consult Health Care Professionals., Coralie J. Wilson Dec 2006

Brief Report: Impact Of Classroom Presentations About Health And Help Seeking On Rural Australian Adolescents’ Intentions To Consult Health Care Professionals., Coralie J. Wilson

Coralie J Wilson

Building Bridges-GP-Team (Building Bridges-Team; Wilson et al., 2004c) is a variation of the Building Bridges to General Practice: GPs in Schools program (Building Bridges-GP; Wilson et al., 2004a), which promotes consultation with health care professionals who are local and available for rural and regional adolescent’ consultation. The first major component of Building Bridges-GP-Team involves structured health professional training that provides knowledge in three basic areas: (1) adolescents’ help seeking barriers and ways to address barriers in primary health care; (2) developmental issues relevant to adolescent’ help seeking; and (3) classroom management, presentation strategies, and elementary teaching skills. Training is based …

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Longitudinal Patterns Of Breakfast Eating In Black And White Adolescent Girls., Ruth Striegel Weissman Dec 2006

Longitudinal Patterns Of Breakfast Eating In Black And White Adolescent Girls., Ruth Striegel Weissman

Ruth Striegel Weissman

Objective: The objective was to describe the pattern of breakfast eating over time (“breakfast history”) and examine its associations with BMI and physical activity.
Research Methods and Procedures: This longitudinal investigation of patterns of breakfast eating included 1210 black and 1161 white girls who participated in the 10-year, longitudinal National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Growth and Health Study (NGHS). Three-day food records were collected during annual visits beginning at ages 9 or 10 up to age 19. Linear regression and path analysis were used to estimate the associations between breakfast history, BMI, and physical activity.
Results: Among girls with …

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Filibuster Reform In The Senate, 1913-17, Gregory Koger Dec 2006

Filibuster Reform In The Senate, 1913-17, Gregory Koger

Gregory Koger

This chapter explains the adoption of the Senate's first cloture rule in 1917, specifically why the Senate adopted a supermajority (2/3) rule and why this event occurred in 1917.

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Health Inequalities In Argentina: Patterns, Contradictions, And Implications, Fernando De Maio Dec 2006

Health Inequalities In Argentina: Patterns, Contradictions, And Implications, Fernando De Maio

Fernando De Maio

No abstract provided.

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Now Let Every Man Learn His Duty - Men's Choir, Keith D. Rowley Dec 2006

Now Let Every Man Learn His Duty - Men's Choir, Keith D. Rowley

Keith D Rowley

An anthem for men's choir (TTBB) and piano with words from D&C 107:99-100.

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Ecology And Mary: An Ecological Theology Of Mary As The New Eve In Response To The Church’S Challenge For A Faith-Based Education In Ecological Responsibility, Gloria Thurmond D. Min. Dec 2006

Ecology And Mary: An Ecological Theology Of Mary As The New Eve In Response To The Church’S Challenge For A Faith-Based Education In Ecological Responsibility, Gloria Thurmond D. Min.

Gloria Thurmond

The Church’s interpretation of the current ecological crisis as a moral crisis is the catalyst for this essay, which proposes a newly constructed faith-based model for ecological dialogue and education. The exploration and reinterpretation of the traditional Church doctrine of the Virgin Mary as the new Eve provides a theme from which an ecological theology of Mary is constructed. Papal and Episcopal statements that call for a moral concern and response to the growing urgency of the ecological crisis are discussed in order to promote awareness of the involvement of the Church’s leadership in the issue. Analyses and interpretations by …

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