Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

The Natural Resilience Of Coastal Systems: Primary Concepts, C. D. Woodroffe

Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)

Coasts are particularly dynamic and the morphology of the coast is continually changing in response to various processes operating at different rates. Coastal landforms are extremely changeable and coastal habitats change over a range of spatial and temporal scales; recognition of these variations is necessary in order that planning and management can be effective. The increasing realisation that human impacts are affecting our coastlines has promoted the concept of vulnerability. Successful management of coastlines, including mitigation of adverse impacts, must be based on an understanding of natural patterns of change. When a trajectory of change is detected, it is often …

Corticotropin Releasing Hormone - A Gpcr Drug Target, C. Hemley, A. Mccluskey, Paul A. Keller

Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)

Corticotrophin Releasing Hormone (CRH) is a primary hormone in the fight or flight response targeting a membrane bound G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR). Many people worldwide stand to benefit by the development of CRH agonists and antagonists for the treatment of anxiety and depression, with additional therapeutic targets including Alzheimer’s, pain and the prevention of premature birth: so why the delay in development? In this review, we will discuss not only CRH, related proteins, receptors and ligands, but some of the obstacles that have arisen, as well as strategies being pursued to overcome these problems in the pursuit of this GPCR …

Cultural Ecology: The Problematic Human And The Terms Of Engagement, Lesley M. Head

Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)

As an intellectual container ‘cultural ecology’ is fraught with the same conceptual and ontological problems – what Anderson (2005: 280) calls ‘the stale binaries’ - that attend human impacts, cultural landscapes, indeed human and physical geographies. Yet the rich, detailed and diverse empirical material in evidence at the moment contradicts this in the doing. So perhaps we should be confident that in the public conversations we shall be known best by our works. Our students will be most effective if they can both groundtruth the satellite image of coastal vegetation and explain why the tsunami was experienced very differently by …

Evidence For Historic Coastal High-Energy Wave Impact (Tsunami?) In North Wales, United Kingdom, S. Haslett, Edward A. Bryant

Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)

Understanding the contribution of high-energy events (e.g. storms, tsunami) to coastal evolution is currently much debated. Field investigations in North Wales on Anglesey and the Lleyn Peninsula have identified four sites where imbricated boulder trains occur that are discriminators of wave characteristics. Clast analysis indicates that storm wave heights (ca. 20 m), in excess of known extremes (5 to < 9 m), are required to transport them. A plausible explanation is the historic impact of tsunami (≥ 5 m high) that may have been caused either by a) a submarine slide situated offshore on the edge of the continental shelf or Rockall Trough, b) through seismic activity, as the region is one of the most seismically active regions of the British Isles, or c) impact of comet debris in the North Atlantic, with a candidate event around AD 1014. Field evidence suggests that such a high wave-energy event has not recurred along this coast within the last 400 years.

Dnase Sda1 Provides Selection Pressure For A Switch To Invasive Group A Streptococcal Infection, Mark J. Walker, A. Hollands, Martina L. Sanderson-Smith, J. N. Cole, J. K. Kirk, A. Henningham, Jason D. Mcarthur, K. Dinkla, R. K. Aziz, R. G. Kansal, A. J. Simpson, J. T. Buchanan, G. S. Chhatwal, M. Kotb, V. Nizet

Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)

Most invasive bacterial infections are caused by species that more commonly colonize the human host with minimal symptoms. Although phenotypic or genetic correlates underlying a bacterium’s shift to enhanced virulence have been studied, the in vivo selection pressure governing such shifts are poorly understood. The globally disseminated M1T1 clone of group A Streptococcus (GAS) is linked with rare but life-threatening syndromes of necrotizing fasciitis and toxic shock syndrome. Mutations in the GAS control of virulence regulatory sensor kinase (covRS) operon are associated with severe invasive disease, abolishing expression of a broad spectrum cysteine protease (SpeB)2,3 and allowing the recruitment and …

Effects Of Icts On Media Transformation, Education And Training In Vietnam, Laos And Cambodia, Eric Loo, D. T. T. Hang

Faculty of Creative Arts - Papers (Archive)

Journalists in the affluent industrialised world have since the mid-80s adopted information and communication technology (hereafter referred to as the internet) as part of their daily work. The internet has also enabled geographically isolated journalists to build an extensive network of contacts and access diverse information sources. Journalists, and citizens alike, are increasingly publishing their work for access by a global audience. This has effectively forced a redefinition of what constitutes professional practice in journalism. We hear varied claims of how the internet have transformed mainstream journalism practices and empowered citizens to tell their own stories via alternative online news …

The Internet: Simulacrum Of Democracy?, Eric Loo

Faculty of Creative Arts - Papers (Archive)

This chapter argues that depending on what criteria is used to evaluate the Internet’s democratizing potential, one can easily arrive at disparate assessments of the medium’s impact on society. If the Internet is assumed to be a tool that inherently enhances freedom of communication and social mobilization, then the medium will likely be evaluated positively. Essentially, technology per se does not foster nor hamper participatory democratic culture. Instead, users of the technology determine if the civic and democratizing potential of interactive communication technology can be realized. Therefore, the Internet is only a tool that enables users to disseminate their ideas …

Impact Of Using Different Models In Practice - A Case Study With The Simplified Methods Of Iso 13790 Standard And Detailed Modelling Programs, Georgios Kokogiannakis, Jo Clarke, Paul Strachan

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

The updated ISO 13790 Standard is part of the new set of CEN Standards that supports the European Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD) requirement for a general framework for calculation of the energy consumption of buildings. The Standard sets out procedures for space heating and cooling energy calculations, allowing the use of three different methods: a simplified monthly quasi-steady state method, a simple-hourly method and detailed simulation. This paper examines the implications of allowing different methods to be used for assessing the energy usage. The research method used was to undertake a comparison of the various methods applied to …

Minimising Voltage Deviation In Distribution Feeders By Otpimising Size And Location Of Distributed Generation, Kashem M. Muttaqi, Michael Negnevitsky, Gerard Ledwich

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

A new emerging trend of distribution networks is to use small generating units, known as distributed generation (DG), operating in parallel with the main grid. This kind of distribution networks has enabled DG to support power systems in fulfi lling their requirements to increase power output as well as quality of power supply. In order to maximise benefi ts from the DG system, proper DG planning is necessary. The main purpose of this research is to maximise voltage support through optimal sizing and location of DG. A new methodology is developed to determine an optimal DG size and DG location …

Awareness Of Alcohol Advertising Among Children Who Watch Televised Sports, Lyn Phillipson, Sandra C. Jones

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Are children being adversely affected by advertising directed at adult consumers? Is it socially responsible to advertise alcohol during programs with a young viewing audience? One potential area requiring consideration is the potential impact of alcohol advertising and promotion during sporting broadcasts on the alcohol beliefs of children in Australia. In this paper, the frequent alcohol advertising during the finals of the One Day Cricket Series broadcast during the summer of 2006 was found to contain features potentially appealing to young children. Qualitative data collected during friendship pair discussions with Grade five and six primary school students found that children …

The Effects Of Different Regulation Systems On Television Food Advertising To Children, Bridget P. Kelly, Lesley King, Adrian Bauman, Ben J. Smith, Victoria M. Flood

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Objective: The aim of this study was to model children’s potential exposure to television food advertisements under different regulatory scenarios to demonstrate the policy implications of regulatory change in Australia. Methods: Television advertising data was collected from Sydney commercial television channels from 14-20 May 2006. Extrapolating from these data, the patterns of food advertising under four regulatory scenarios were examined, including arrangements restricting the content, volume and timing of advertisements. Results: Each scenario resulted in a reduction of total and non-core food advertisements. The scenario to restrict non-core food advertisements during the major viewing period (7:00-20:30) led to the largest …

Children's Television Sub-Standards: A Call For Significant Amendments, Bridget P. Kelly, Josephine Chau

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Australia has one of the highest levels of food advertising on television in the developed world, with most advertisements being for foods that are high in fat, sugar, and/or salt. Evidence from international reviews suggests that television food advertising has an independent effect on children's food preferences and purchasing requests. While the size of this effect is indeterminate, and the evidence base is correlational and therefore inadequate for making causal inferences, there is a highly plausible link between television food advertising and overweight and obesity. It is important to examine whether current regulations protect Australian children from excessive exposure to …

A Taxonomy For Homework Used By Mental Health Case Managers When Working With Individuals Diagnosed With Severe Mental Illness, Peter Kelly, Frank P. Deane, Robert King, Nikolaos Kazantzis, Trevor P. Crowe

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

A survey was completed by 122 case managers describing the types of homework assignments commonly used with individuals diagnosed with severe mental illness (SMI). Homework types were categorized using a 12-item homework description taxonomy and in relation to the 22 domains of the Camberwell Assessment of Need (CAN). Case managers predominately reported using behaviourally based homework tasks such as scheduling activities and the development of personal hygiene skills. Homework focused on CAN areas of need in relation to Company, Psychological Distress, Psychotic Symptoms and Daytime Activities. The applications of the taxonomy for both researchers and case managers are discussed.

Depression And Quality Of Life In Cancer Survivors: Is There A Relationship With Physical Activity?, Nancy Humpel, Donald Iverson

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Background Evidence is growing on the benefit of physical activity to improve well-being following a cancer diagnosis. This study examined changes in physical activity from pre to post diagnosis and explored this relationship with quality of life and depression. Methods Participants were recruited by posters and by letter of invitation. The questionnaire was completed by 59 prostate and 32 breast cancer survivors. Results Physical activity decreased by 72 minutes per week from pre to post diagnosis, although 20.9% reported having increased activity post diagnosis. Over 30% were considered depressed. Breast cancer participants who increased physical activity post diagnosis reported higher …

Testing The Validity Of The Recovery Assessment Scale Using An Australian Sample, Mandy Mcnaught, Peter Caputi, Lindsay G. Oades, Frank P. Deane

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Objective: Mental health services in Australia are increasingly becoming recovery orientated. However, there are varying meanings for recovery and few measures that specifically target recovery outcomes. The current study aimed to assess the construct and concurrent validity of a patient self-report measure, the Recovery Assessment Scale (RAS).

Method: Participants were 168 individuals with severe and persistent psychiatric disability who were participants in the Australian Integrated Mental Health Initiative (AIMhi) project. They completed self-report recovery and other mental health measures and their case workers completed the Health of the Nation Outcome Scales. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were carried out to …

A Structural Basis For Differential Cell Signalling By Pai-1 And Pai-2 In Breast Cancer Cells, Marie Ranson, David Croucher, Darren Saunders, Gillian E. Stillfried

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

PAI-1 and PAI-2 (plasminogen-activator inibitor types 1 and 2) are inhibitors of cell surface uPA (urokinase plasminogen activator). However, tumour expression of PAI-1 and PAI-2 correlates with poor compared with good patient prognosis in breast cancer respectively. This biological divergence may be related to additional functional roles of PAI-1. For example, the inhibition of uPA by PAI-1 reveals a cryptic high-affinity site within the PAI-1 moiety for the VLDLr (very-low-density-lipoprotein receptor), which sustains cell signalling events initiated by binding of uPA to its receptor. These interactions and subsequent signalling events promote proliferation of breast cancer cells. Biochemical and structural analyses …

Educational Acculturation And Academic Integrity: Outcomes Of An Intervention Subject For International Post-Graduate Students In Public Health, Julie M. Shaw, Paul J. Moore, Senthilkumar Gandhidasan

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

This paper discusses a case study of a subject developed and implemented in a post-graduate public health program at the University of Wollongong that aims to foster the development of student academic integrity and related skills as students are introduced to a new educational culture. The subject adopts a formative, task-based approach where written and oral pedagogic tasks focus on various components of a final written assessment task. The subject was collaboratively developed by faculty and learning development staff and, in addition to the subject co-ordinator, its implementation is supported by library and learning development staff, as well as a …

Things Are Looking Up: Differential Decline In Face Recognition Following Pitch And Yaw Rotation, Simone K. Favelle, Stephen A. Palmisano, Ryan T. Maloney

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Previous research into the effects of viewpoint change on face recognition has typically dealt with rotations around the heads vertical axis (yaw). Another common, although less studied, source of viewpoint variation in faces is rotation around the heads horizontal pitch axis (pitch). In the current study we used both a sequential matching task and an old/new recognition task to examine the effect of viewpoint change following rotation about both pitch and yaw axes on human face recognition. The results of both tasks showed that recognition performance was better for faces rotated about yaw compared to pitch. Further, recognition performance for …

The Cultural Context Of Youth Suicide In Australia: Unemployment, Identity And Gender, Heidi E. Gilchrist, Glennys Howarth, Gerard Sullivan

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

This article considers the impact, in terms of life and death choices, of the economicexclusion of young people in Australia, where suicide is the leading cause of deathby injury. In the two decades from 1980 there was a dramatic increase in suiciderates for young males. Research demonstrates a correlation between youth suicideand unemployment but the complex relationship between the two has not been fullyinvestigated. This article explores the perceptions of young people, parents and serviceproviders of the cultural context of suicide and how it comes to be constructed as anoption for young people experiencing economic marginalisation.I n

The Role Of Achievement Goal Orientation In The Development Of Self Efficacy During Computer Training, Anura Rohan Jayasuriya, Peter Caputi, Parri Gregory, Joseph A. Meloche

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Computer self-efficacy (CSE) is a key factor that is related to performance in computer training. A study was conducted to understand the effects of achievement goal orientation on computer self efficacy development with 166 trainees using a database application. Results show that trainees with different achievement motivation dispositions have affects on CSE development through different paths. Individuals with high mastery approach and performance approach dispositions have positive effects on pre training CSE. Mastery avoidance disposition increases Computer Anxiety (CA), this is not seen with performance avoidance. Performance approach affects CSE development by increasing effort. The study provides initial evidence for …

Differences In Membrane Acyl Phospholipid Composition Between An Endothermic Mammal And An Ectothermic Reptile Are Not Limited To Any Phospholipid Class, Stephen J. Blanksby, Todd W. Mitchell, Anthony J. Hulbert, Paul Else, K Ekroos

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

This study examined questions concerning differences in the acyl composition of membrane phospholipids that have been linked to the faster rates of metabolic processes in endotherms versus ectotherms. In liver, kidney, heart and brain of the ectothermic reptile, Trachydosaurus rugosus, and the endothermic mammal, Rattus norvegicus, previous findings of fewer unsaturates but a greater unsaturation index (UI) in membranes of the mammal versus those of the reptile were confirmed. Moreover, the study showed that the distribution of phospholipid head-group classes was similar in the same tissues of the reptile and mammal and that the differences in acyl composition …

La Musica: Sixteenth And Seventeenth Music And A Surprise [Cd Review], Wendy Suiter

Faculty of Creative Arts - Papers (Archive)

La Musica, a compilation of early Baroque Italian songs, is especially significant for its inclusion of music by women: Barbara Strozzi, Francesca Caccini, Settimia Caccini, and Francasca Campana. Together with the "Surprise" (six works by contemporary composer Julie Kabat), more than sixty percent of the music on this Cd was composed by women.

I La Galigo By Robert Wilson, Margaret M. Hamilton

Faculty of Creative Arts - Papers (Archive)

No doubt a reference to Einstein’s Twin Paradox constitutes a seemingly incongruous opening to an appraisal of Robert Wilson’s latest production I La Galigo, inspired by an epic poem from South Sulawesi. However, Einstein is not only the subject of one of Wilson’s most acclaimed productions, but this brief allusion to his theory encapsulates the hypnotic dilation of time intrinsic to Wilson’s theatre. Wilson is known for his ability to transform the stage into a temporal sculpture that renders the presence of time aesthetically tangible through duration and repetition. His unique spatial construction imposes a kinetic logic on objects and …

Bilateral Petersham, Lucas M. Ihlein

Faculty of Creative Arts - Papers (Archive)

After I finished my blog project Bilateral Kellerberrin in WA (April-May 2005) I had an epiphany.

In Kellerberrin, I had an amazing time “getting to know the townsfolk” 2000km from home, but when I got back to my own suburb, I was struck by how little I knew my own neighbours.

So I decided to do the exact same project at home: and that’s what became Bilateral Petersham: April-May 2006.

A Study Of Hippocampal Shape Difference Between Genders By Efficient Hypothesis Test And Discriminative Deformation, Luping Zhou, Richard Hartley, Paulette Lieby, Nick Barnes, Kaarin Anstey, Nicolas Cherbuin, Perminder Sachdev

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

Hypothesis testing is an important way to detect the statistical difference between two populations. In this paper, we use the Fisher permutation and bootstrap tests to differentiate hippocampal shape between genders. These methods are preferred to traditional hypothesis tests which impose assumptions on the distribution of the samples. An efficient algorithm is adopted to rapidly perform the exact tests. We extend this algorithm to multivariate data by projecting the original data onto an "informative direction" to generate a scalar test statistic. This "informative direction" is found to preserve the original discriminative information. This direction is further used in this paper …

Remarks On Accessible Steady States For Some Coagulation-Fragmentation Systems, Miguel A. Herrero, Marianito R. Rodrigo

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

In this paper we consider some systems of ordinary differential equations which are related to coagulation-fragmentation processes. In particular, we obtain explicit solutions of such systems which involve certain coefficients obtained by solving a suitable algebraic recurrence relation. The coefficients are derived in two relevant cases: the high-functionality limit and the Flory-Stockmayer model. The solutions thus obtained are polydisperse (that is, is different from zero for all ) and may exhibit monotonically increasing or decreasing total mass. We also solve a monodisperse case (where is different from zero but is equal to zero for all ) in the high-functionality limit. …

Sobre La Infinidad De Los Numeros Primos: Un Enfoque Topologico, Marianito Rocha Rodrigo

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

Un resultado bien conocido en la teor´ıa elemental de n´umeros, usualmente atribuido a Euclides, dice que hay un n´umero infinito de primos. Existen varias demostraciones de este resultado [1, 3] pero en esta nota mostraremos en detalle el enfoque ingenioso de Furstenberg [2], que utiliza conocimientos b´asicos de topolog´ıa, por ejemplo, espacios topol´ogicos, conjuntos abiertos y conjuntos cerrados.

Polymer Entanglement Density And Its Influence On Interfacial Friction, Philip G. Whitten, Hugh R. Brown

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

The entanglement density of amorphous glassy polymers is well known to control their fracture mechanisms under tensile loading. There have been some reports indicating substantial deformation of a glassy polymer’s surface region when exposed to interfacial friction. It is shown conclusively here that there is a direct correlation between the entanglement density of a glassy polymer and the deformation mechanisms that facilitate sliding friction. This correlation was shown experimentally by studying the topography of polymer surfaces following a single sliding pass by an inorganic glass sphere. Four different polymers were studied, including polystyrene cross linked to different degrees. It is …

Kinetics Of Transfemoral Amputees With Osseointegrated Fixation Performing Common Activities Of Daily Living, Winson Lee, Laurent A. Frossard, Kerstin Hagberg, Eva Haggstrom, Rickard Branemark, John H. Evans, Mark J. Pearcy

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

Direct anchorage of a lower-limb prosthesis to the bone through an implanted fixation (osseointegration) has been suggested as an excellent alternative for amputees experiencing complications from use of a conventional socket-type prosthesis. However, an attempt needs to be made to optimize the mechanical design of the fixation and refine the rehabilitation program. Understanding the load applied on the fixation is a crucial step towards this goal. METHODS: The load applied on the osseointegrated fixation of nine transfemoral amputees was measured using a load transducer, when the amputees performed activities which included straight-line level walking, ascending and descending stairs and a …

Numerical Simulation Of Temperature Field And Thermal Stress Field Of Work Roll During Hot Strip Rolling, Chang-Sheng Li, Hai-Liang Yu, Guan-Yu Deng, Xiang-Hua Liu, Guo-Dong Wang

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

Based on the thermal conduction equations, the three-dimensional (3D) temperature field of a work roll was investigated using finite element method (FEM). The variations in the surface temperature of the work roll during hot strip rolling were described, and the thermal stress field of the work roll was also analyzed. The results showed that the highest roll surface temperature is 593 °C, and the difference between the minimum and maximum values of thermal stress of the work roll surface is 145. 7 MPa. Furthermore, the results of this analysis indicate that temperature and thermal stress are useful parameters for the …