Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

2010

Discipline
Institution
Keyword
Publication
Publication Type
File Type

Articles 16291 - 16320 of 17892

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

The Impact Of Social Comparison On The Neural Substrates Of Reward Processing: An Event-Related Potential Study, Jiang Qiu, Caiyun Yu, Hong Li, Jerwen Jou, Shen Tu, Ting Wang, Dongtao Wei, Qinglin Zhang Jan 2010

The Impact Of Social Comparison On The Neural Substrates Of Reward Processing: An Event-Related Potential Study, Jiang Qiu, Caiyun Yu, Hong Li, Jerwen Jou, Shen Tu, Ting Wang, Dongtao Wei, Qinglin Zhang

Psychological Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

Event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded to explore the electrophysiological correlates of reward processing in the social comparison context when subjects performed a simple number estimation task that entailed monetary rewards for correct answers. Three social comparison stimulus categories (three relative reward levels/self reward related to the other subject's) were mainly prepared: Self:Other=1:2 (Disadvantageous inequity condition); Self:Other=1:1 (Equity condition); and Self:Other=2:1 (Advantageous inequity condition). Results showed that: both Disadvantageous and Advantageous inequity elicited a more negative ERP deflection (N350–550) than did Equity between 350 and 550 ms, and the generators of N350–550 were localized near the parahippocampal gyrus and the medial …

Go to article

Integrating Information And Making Effective Decisions In Teams, Vanessa Urch Druskat Jan 2010

Integrating Information And Making Effective Decisions In Teams, Vanessa Urch Druskat

The University Dialogue

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Outsourcing Investigations, Elena Baylis Jan 2010

Outsourcing Investigations, Elena Baylis

Articles

This article addresses the International Criminal Court’s reliance on third-party investigations in the absence of its own international police force. In addition to cooperation from sometimes reluctant states, the ICC and other international criminal tribunals have come to rely on a network of NGOs and UN entities focused on postconflict justice work to provide critical evidence. This reliance raised problems in the ICC Office of the Prosecutor's first case against Thomas Lubanga. The use of third-party evidence raises questions regarding confidentiality and disclosure, the integrity of the evidence-gathering process, and the equality of arms between the prosecution and the defense. …

Go to article

Typically Developing Children’S Attitudes And Acceptance Of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder After Integrated Play Group Involvement, Karen Kay Toon Jan 2010

Typically Developing Children’S Attitudes And Acceptance Of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder After Integrated Play Group Involvement, Karen Kay Toon

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

In an urban, midwestern public school, six children, ages 8-10 years old, engaged in ten weeks of Integrated Play Groups (IPGs) to teach skills to students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Lasting two and a half months, IPGs met for 30 minutes, twice weekly. The participants engaged in pre- and post-tests of the revised Chedoke-McMaster Attitudes Towards Children with Handicaps scale and pre- and post-focus groups. These means were used to investigate the research question: What can be learned about typical peers’ attitudes and acceptance of students with ASD through the expert players’ reflections on Integrated Play Group involvement? The …

Go to article

Open Access Advocacy: Think Globally, Act Locally, Bette Rathe, Jayati Chaudhuri, Wendy Highby Jan 2010

Open Access Advocacy: Think Globally, Act Locally, Bette Rathe, Jayati Chaudhuri, Wendy Highby

University Libraries Publications

While the open access movement is a global movement, University of Northern Colorado librarians acted locally and collaboratively to make changes to their scholarly communication system. Authors of this article describe how global advocacy affected their local, institutional open access activities that resulted in a library faculty open access resolution at University of Northern Colorado Libraries. This article is based on the “Advocating for Open Access on Your Campus” presentation at the Colorado Academic Library Consortium Summit on May 21, 2010.

Go to article

Political Economy Of The Taliban, Umer Rahman Jan 2010

Political Economy Of The Taliban, Umer Rahman

Honors College Research Collection

The word ‘Taliban’ has become synonymous with terrorism in wake of the terrorist attacks on September 11. This study challenges the genealogies behind the word and how it has transformed itself and its meaning in discourse. The past and present usage of the term will be analyzed in the context of the local Afghan political economy and the effects and purpose of US military intervention. The origins of the term will be traced to the destruction of the Afghan economy after the defeat of the Soviets. The study will further try to understand the security failures of the Afghan state …

Go to article

Mapping The Digital Divide In Neighborhoods: Wi-Fi Access In Baton Rouge, Louisiana, Luke Driskell Jan 2010

Mapping The Digital Divide In Neighborhoods: Wi-Fi Access In Baton Rouge, Louisiana, Luke Driskell

LSU Master's Theses

The communication made possible by the Internet has leveled the global playing field in some ways, but helped maintain traditional inequalities as well. The “digital divide” refers to disparities in telecommunication access and use from global to local scales. This study uses access point mapping to quantify local Internet access in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. A Wi-Fi access point (router) density was obtained and compared to various demographic and socioeconomic attributes in neighborhoods. Fieldwork confirmed the expectation that traditionally disadvantaged groups would have the lowest rates of Wi-Fi ownership, but median household income was unexpectedly less related than race, education, and …

Go to article

Betties And Broads: A Qualitative Examination Of The Maiden And Whore Archetypes In "The Golden Girls," "Designing Women," And "Sex And The City", Crystal Jackson Jan 2010

Betties And Broads: A Qualitative Examination Of The Maiden And Whore Archetypes In "The Golden Girls," "Designing Women," And "Sex And The City", Crystal Jackson

LSU Master's Theses

This study examined the maiden and whore characters in “The Golden Girls,” “Designing Women,” and “Sex and the City.” Using a textual analysis and discourse analysis approach, I examined the two characters comparing them to the definitions of archetype and stereotype provided by Jungian theory and feminist film theory. I analyzed ten randomly selected episodes from the second season excluding both the premier and the finale. Three of the research questions were rooted in central ideas found in the shows: outward appearance, language and conversation, and sexual relationships. The last research question determined whether or not the characters were archetypes …

Go to article

Measuring Children's Social Support Networks: Eco-Mapping Protocol, Lauren Burnett Jan 2010

Measuring Children's Social Support Networks: Eco-Mapping Protocol, Lauren Burnett

LSU Master's Theses

The purpose of this project was to explore the use of an eco-mapping protocol for measuring children’s social support networks. The project investigated two research questions: (1) what are the similarities and differences in the information provided by three informants in the eco-mapping protocol?, and (2) what information do eco-maps provide about children’s social support networks? Ten four-year-old children, their families, and teacher participated in the creation of eco-maps. Each informant identified the major people in the child’s support network, described relationships, and identified the type and developmental area of support provided by each individual. All the information was graphically …

Go to article

A Study Of The Aspectual Complements Of 'Begin' And 'Start', Xinzheng Zhao Jan 2010

A Study Of The Aspectual Complements Of 'Begin' And 'Start', Xinzheng Zhao

LSU Master's Theses

Abstract The main purpose of this thesis is to study the aspectual complements of the aspectualizers begin and start. Aspectualizers are verbs that give aspectual readings to the sentence. I started with a summary of Freed’s (1978) analysis. In this summary, semantic differences among seven aspectualizers that take to V and V-ing complements were explained. The semantic distinction between to V and V-ing was also discussed. Following the summary, a brief research on aspectual complements was conducted. Based on Freed’s analysis, I first examined the difference in meaning and in frequency of occurrence between the to V and the V-ing …

Go to article

Synoptic Circulation Of The North American Monsoon System And Precipitation Within The Lower Colorado River Basin, Jessie Frances Mccann Jan 2010

Synoptic Circulation Of The North American Monsoon System And Precipitation Within The Lower Colorado River Basin, Jessie Frances Mccann

LSU Master's Theses

The North American Monsoon System (NAMS) is an important climate phenomenon that affects the southwestern United States during the warm season, most significantly in July and August. Climatic variability associated with the NAMS impacts a wide range of both physical and socio-economic systems in this region, with a broad range of stakeholders concentrated in the Lower Colorado River Basin (LCRB) that includes portions of five southwestern states. This study examines variations in synoptic circulation patterns associated with the NAMS with respect to the LCRB. Using a manual classification, daily 500-mb geopotential height patterns were classified for monsoon seasons (July 1-September …

Go to article

Ancestral Determination From Foramen Magnum, Stephanie Marie Crider Jan 2010

Ancestral Determination From Foramen Magnum, Stephanie Marie Crider

LSU Master's Theses

Ancestry estimation is a crucial part of the biological profile creation in forensic anthropology. Without proper classification of ancestry, other aspects of the biological profile, such as stature, can be affected. Several techniques are used by forensic anthropologists to determine ancestry of unidentified remains. Some anthropologists believe the cranium to be an excellent indicator of ancestry (Rhine 1990). The focus of this research was to determine the utility of the foramen magnum region on the cranial base as a positive indicator of ancestry. Previous studies have explored the effectiveness of using the cranial base’s occipital condyles for ancestry assignment of …

Go to article

An Examination Of Challenging Behaviors In Autistic Disorder Versus Pervasive Developmental Disorder Not Otherwise Specified: Significant Differences And Gender Effects, Alison M. Kozlowski Jan 2010

An Examination Of Challenging Behaviors In Autistic Disorder Versus Pervasive Developmental Disorder Not Otherwise Specified: Significant Differences And Gender Effects, Alison M. Kozlowski

LSU Master's Theses

Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) are well-known for engagement in challenging behaviors. Unfortunately, due to its absence as a criterion for diagnosis in the DSM-IV-TR, little attention has been paid to the endorsement rates of such behaviors. However, a recently developed measure to assist in the diagnosis of infants and toddlers with autism and PDD-NOS – the Baby and Infant Screen for Children with aUtIsm Traits (BISCUIT) – has included a section designated for just this reason. This study used the BISCUIT to assess for significant differences in the endorsement rates of challenging behaviors between infants and toddlers with …

Go to article

Attention Is Not Required To Maintain Feature Bindings In Visual Working Memory, Amanda Van Lamsweerde Jan 2010

Attention Is Not Required To Maintain Feature Bindings In Visual Working Memory, Amanda Van Lamsweerde

LSU Master's Theses

Attention plays an important role in the formation of accurate feature bindings. However, the role of attention in maintaining feature bindings is not as well established. Some research supports the theory that attention is needed to maintain feature bindings in visual working memory (VWM), while other research suggests that bindings remain intact after the withdrawal of attention. Experiment 1 of current study tested this hypothesis by replicating the findings that feature bindings are more difficult to remember than individual features in a whole report change detection task. Experiment 2 directly measured attention through eye tracking and manipulated whether a change …

Go to article

The Role Of Race In Television News Coverage Of Shortcomings In U.S. Secondary Education, Jasmine Elise Haynes Jan 2010

The Role Of Race In Television News Coverage Of Shortcomings In U.S. Secondary Education, Jasmine Elise Haynes

LSU Master's Theses

Scholars and news media alike acknowledge that one of the main problems in education today is the minority achievement gaps in national testing. Although many education scholars have compiled several in-depth reasons as to why minorities, particularly African-American students, seem to generally lag behind their white counterparts, television news fails to give it’s audiences a comprehensive view of why minority achievement gaps are so prevalent in United States secondary public education. The purpose of this study was to examine where news consumers perceive television news places blame for problems in public education with regards to race. Studying how people perceive …

Go to article

A Planning Model For Disaster Relief Agencies, Lajuana Janice Hector Jan 2010

A Planning Model For Disaster Relief Agencies, Lajuana Janice Hector

Social Work Dissertations

Rather than identify nongovernmental organizations (NGO) with traditional service delivery systems, NGOs should be viewed as a unique system with specific outcomes pertinent to resource distribution. Grounded theory was used to help design the research methodology and General Systems Theory (GST) served as the theoretical framework. Predisaster planning, training, and leadership results from the empirical research helped to identify perspectives of resource distribution. Open ended interview responses were analyzed using the open coding, content analysis, constant comparison methods which yielded management as the theme with coordination, communication, and preparation as sub-themes. While each outcome may be contingent upon each designated …

Go to article

Factors That Affect Sleep In Adults With Developmental Disability, Megan Sipes Jan 2010

Factors That Affect Sleep In Adults With Developmental Disability, Megan Sipes

LSU Master's Theses

Sleep problems are a common occurrence in the typically developing population. These problems are even more frequent in those with developmental disabilities; however, sleep disorders are often under diagnosed in this population in clinical populations. Currently, there is a lack of research that examines the rate of sleep problems in adults with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). The purpose of this study is to examine differences in the endorsements of sleep problems between three groups: 71 adults with Autistic Disorder (AD) and intellectual disability (ID), 71 adults with Pervasive Developmental Disorder-Not Otherwise Specified (PDD-NOS) and ID, and 71 adults with ID …

Go to article

The Diverse Adolescent Relational Aggression Scale: Develpment And Validation, Karla B. Horton Jan 2010

The Diverse Adolescent Relational Aggression Scale: Develpment And Validation, Karla B. Horton

Social Work Dissertations

Relational aggression (RA) includes rumor spreading, social isolation, talking behind someone's back, staring, and threats to withdraw friendship. RA is associated with verbal and physical aggression, and these aggression subtypes are often assessed together. This research developed and validated the Diverse Adolescent Relational Aggression Scale to assess RA in diverse populations. The population consisted of 191 students from 9th-12th grade (predominantly African American) from schools located in the south-suburban Independent School District of a major southern city. The measure consisted of 28-items developed from relational aggression research. Factor analysis, reliability tests, t-tests, and correlations were conducted on the data. The …

Go to article

Why Margaret Still Matters, Martha Sterling-Golden Jan 2010

Why Margaret Still Matters, Martha Sterling-Golden

Maine Policy Review

In this commentary, Martha Sterling-Goldman reflects on the complexities of women in public life, and why it is important to prepare women to fully engage in political life. She says we must train a generation of women and men who think about power in a different way.

Go to article

Evaluating The Deterrent Effect Of Capital Punishment On Crime, Permiterio Leocadio Jan 2010

Evaluating The Deterrent Effect Of Capital Punishment On Crime, Permiterio Leocadio

Dissertations and Theses

Many researchers, academics or philosophers see capital punishment as a deterrent to crime. Several states in the United States apply the death penalty to try to reduce crime. Other states do not agree with the application of this repressive law arguing that a crime should not be solved with another crime. From a theoretical view, the principal point of analysis about capital punishment in this present work is to state that capital punishment can reduce crime. Here also it will be examined some of the collateral consequences of the application of capital punishment, and its implications for the Criminal Justice …

Go to article

The Impact Of Mood Disorders On Cognitive Function In Post-Menopausal Women Undergoing Treatment For Early-Stage Breast Cancer, Margery E. Frosch Jan 2010

The Impact Of Mood Disorders On Cognitive Function In Post-Menopausal Women Undergoing Treatment For Early-Stage Breast Cancer, Margery E. Frosch

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

PURPOSE: Many post-menopausal women who are treated for early-stage breast cancer report experiencing cognitive difficulties following adjuvant chemotherapy. However, the generalizability of the results of a number of studies that have attempted to document the association between adjuvant chemotherapy and cognitive dysfunction has been limited due to inconsistencies in the investigative methods used, thus introducing the possibility that other factors are contributing to reports of cognitive problems. The current study examines the possibility that a history of mood disorders in post-menopausal breast cancer patients predisposes them to cognitive difficulties following adjuvant treatment. METHODS: Sixty-five postmenopausal women with non-metastatic breast cancer …

Go to article

The Culture Of Collection Evaluation In Pakistan, Kanwal Ameen Jan 2010

The Culture Of Collection Evaluation In Pakistan, Kanwal Ameen

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

This article aims to bring into light the prevailing evaluation culture in university libraries of Pakistan with specific reference to physical collections. Using survey method, an attempt has been made to explore the status and practices of collection evaluation in university libraries of Pakistan. The study finds out that despite all the insistence for making systematic evaluation at international level, this practice is not common in Pakistan. In majority of the cases, only some informal, unplanned and old-fashioned methods are being used to get feedback. Finally, the study suggests that libraries need to introduce the culture of evaluation in a …

Go to article

Awareness And Accessibility Of Environmental Information In Nigeria: Evidence From Delta State, Yemisi T. Babalola, Akinola D. Babalola, Faith O. Okhale Jan 2010

Awareness And Accessibility Of Environmental Information In Nigeria: Evidence From Delta State, Yemisi T. Babalola, Akinola D. Babalola, Faith O. Okhale

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Environmental awareness is a pre-condition for environment-friendly behaviour and sustainable environment; proper awareness of environment related issues is therefore pertinent. This study examined awareness and accessibility of environmental information in Nigeria with specific reference to Warri Central Local Government Area of Delta state. Data were collected with a structured questionnaire from 140 respondents using the simple random sampling technique and analyzed with descriptive statistics. The results showed that many of the respondents are aware that soil erosion, oil spillage and pipeline vandalization are sources of environmental problems but they are not aware of the ecological impact of domestic activities like …

Go to article

Libraries Build Autonomy: A Philosophical Perspective On The Social Role Of Libraries And Librarians, Audrey Barbakoff Jan 2010

Libraries Build Autonomy: A Philosophical Perspective On The Social Role Of Libraries And Librarians, Audrey Barbakoff

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

An important, overlooked moral contribution of libraries and librarians to the community is the provision of support for autonomy. Philosophers have long considered autonomy a primary moral value, essential to living a flourishing life. Although library scholarship has not often engaged deeply with the philosophical discourse surrounding autonomy, libraries and librarians are uniquely positioned to enact many of the methods for encouraging it. By considering the moral significance of library services as autonomy-building activities, libraries and librarians can provide a valuable social support for their communities, individual users, and ultimately themselves.

Go to article

An Essay On Cataloging, Daniel Canncasciato Jan 2010

An Essay On Cataloging, Daniel Canncasciato

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The imminent arrival of Resource Description and Access (RDA), the proposed successor to Anglo-American Cataloging Rules (AACR), makes now an opportune time to clarify a profound misunderstanding regarding the objective of cataloging. The objective has been widely misunderstood to be about the production of bibliographic records, or about the production of bibliographic records and their supporting authority records, or about the production of perfect bibliographic and authority records. This essay offers a more accurate picture of the objective of cataloging, working from Cutter’s early statement of principles as a reference point in re-considering some misperceptions and actions being taken in …

Go to article

Study Of Information Sources And Services Of The National Medical Library In India, Akhtar Hussain, Krishna Kumar, Nishat Fatima, Deeopak Kumar Jan 2010

Study Of Information Sources And Services Of The National Medical Library In India, Akhtar Hussain, Krishna Kumar, Nishat Fatima, Deeopak Kumar

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The study examines the use of information sources and services of the National Medical Library (NAL) in India (New Delhi). A well structured questionnaire was distributed among one library users during the academic session 2007-2008, to find out the use of information sources and services of NML.The present study demonstrates and elaborates the various aspects of use of NML such as Purpose of use, Physical facilities, Services and collections of the documents. Highlights the problem faced by the users and satisfaction level of the users. Suggestion has been given to make the services more beneficial for the academic community of …

Go to article

The Web 2.0 Contradiction: Commercial And Library Use, Tibor Koltay Jan 2010

The Web 2.0 Contradiction: Commercial And Library Use, Tibor Koltay

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

This paper addresses the main motives of Web 2.0 that have contributed to its commercial success. Among the critical topics the question of amateurism is of pivotal interest. The second part of the paper deals with library use of Web 2.0, stressing that the concept of the Library 2.0 has to be properly understood. Last but not least, literacies expedient in the era of the Web 2.0 are identified.

Go to article

Reading Habits Of Senior Secondary Students At Allahabad City, U.P., India, Devendra Kumar, M. M.A. Ansari Jan 2010

Reading Habits Of Senior Secondary Students At Allahabad City, U.P., India, Devendra Kumar, M. M.A. Ansari

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

This is a report on a readership survey carried out among the senior secondary students at Allahabad City, U.P. (India). The present study explores the reading habits of senior secondary students in Allahabad City. The present study demonstrates the various aspects of reading habits like the motives of study, reading materials borrowed from library, time spent for the serious reading, use reference materials, languages of newspaper that read daily, sections of newspapers read, place of reading, and to develop some suggestions for solution of the problem. Suggestions have been given to make the service more beneficial in the school libraries.

Go to article

Fund Raising For Academic Libraries: What Works, What Doesn’T?, Michael Lorenzen Jan 2010

Fund Raising For Academic Libraries: What Works, What Doesn’T?, Michael Lorenzen

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Most large academic libraries employ one or more professional fund raisers know as academic library development officers to seek external funds. This qualitative study presents what academic library development officers perceive as being successful methods of fund raising. It also presents what these individuals believe does not work.

Go to article

Attitudes Towards The Internet: A Survey Of Lis Professionals In Pakistan,, Khalid Mahmood Jan 2010

Attitudes Towards The Internet: A Survey Of Lis Professionals In Pakistan,, Khalid Mahmood

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The paper presents the results of a survey of library and information science professionals working in various institutions in Pakistan. Their access to and use of the Internet were measured. Their attitude towards Internet and relationship of the attitude with some personal and Internet use related variables were also explored. The findings reveal that the participants’ attitude was very positive towards Internet based facilities and services. They found these tools very useful in their professional and personal work. The most useful services were Web search engines and e-mail. It was found that the institution type, gender and age of the …

Go to article

First Prev Next Last