Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

2011

Discipline
Institution
Keyword
Publication
Publication Type
File Type

Articles 17161 - 17190 of 19543

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

The Individual And Collective Effect Of Us Colonialism In Puerto Rico: A Scale Construction And Validation, With Implications For Social Work Education And Practice, Maria De Lourdes Martinez Aviles Jan 2011

The Individual And Collective Effect Of Us Colonialism In Puerto Rico: A Scale Construction And Validation, With Implications For Social Work Education And Practice, Maria De Lourdes Martinez Aviles

Social Work Dissertations

"Understanding the individual and collective psychology of the people of Puerto Rico requires an understanding of both the history of its colonialism and the U.S. laws that have helped shaped the social world of the Puerto Rican people, in the United States and in the colony itself"(Rivera Ramos, 2001, p. 4). This research presents theoretical and empirical support for the notion that colonialism is an important current issue, and so are its broad psychosocial effects. It sustains the concept that colonialism is a relevant and unresolved subject matter for Puerto Ricans and an important issue to be revised and debated …

Go to article

Factors Associated With High School Completion Among Foster Youth Leaving Care, Elizabeth Garza-Higgens Jan 2011

Factors Associated With High School Completion Among Foster Youth Leaving Care, Elizabeth Garza-Higgens

Social Work Dissertations

This study explores factors associated with high school completion among foster youth leaving care. Educational outcomes for youth leaving care are examined based on an integrative model of ecological theory and attachment theory. The study utilized a cross-sectional, non-experimental design for exploring factors associated with high school completion among foster youth leaving care. A survey instrument was utilized for extracting data from a child welfare agency database. The data was collected one one point in time comparing the differences between youth who completed high school to those who dropped out. Chi-square analysis were utilized for comparing differences between groups and …

Go to article

Acculturative Stress And Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Among Latino And Asian Immigrants, Yajaira Villeda Jan 2011

Acculturative Stress And Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Among Latino And Asian Immigrants, Yajaira Villeda

Social Work Theses

Mental health needs for immigrants are complicated by previous trauma and living in a new country. This study examined acculturative stress (AS) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among immigrants by conducting a secondary data analysis of the 2002 to 2003 National Latino American and Asian American Study (N=3,259). The primary acculturative stressors identified were limited contact with family and friends, difficulties interacting with others due to language limitations and not receiving the same respect as in the country of origin. Latinos experienced more acculturative stress than Asians. Measures of sex, age, race, education, age of immigration, length of stay in …

Go to article

The Road Ahead: Striking The Right Combination Of Academic And Mental Health Services And Va Benefits For Increasing The Academic Attainment Of Student Veterans, Mary Kate Kenworthy Jan 2011

The Road Ahead: Striking The Right Combination Of Academic And Mental Health Services And Va Benefits For Increasing The Academic Attainment Of Student Veterans, Mary Kate Kenworthy

Social Work Theses

Recent statistics suggest that nearly a quarter of all veterans who have recently returned from the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq are returning to postsecondary education, many of them motivated to do so by the increased benefits included under the Post-9/11 G.I. Bill. This bill is intended to increase the educational attainment of these student veterans. To fully realize the potential of this bill to increase academic attainment in this population, however, it must be combined with an effective delivery of services intended to help student veteran's transition to the academic environment as a bridge to productive civilian employment. Postsecondary …

Go to article

Examining The Impact Of Opioid Withdrawal On Pain Processing: The Influence Of Social Isolation Stress, Megan Lynne Uhelski Jan 2011

Examining The Impact Of Opioid Withdrawal On Pain Processing: The Influence Of Social Isolation Stress, Megan Lynne Uhelski

Psychology Dissertations

The use of opioids as a traditional treatment for acute and chronic pain has been severely hindered by the addictive nature of these substances and the pain relief they provide. Clinical reports suggest that opioid addicts are hypersensitive to pain during abstinence, and this effect may persist for months afterward. Examinations of nociceptive processing during opioid withdrawal in rodents have produced mixed results, with little evidence of decreased thresholds or latencies to noxious stimuli. To date, no studies have explicitly evaluated pain affect during the withdrawal period. Therefore, the purpose of the current study was evaluate both sensory and affective …

Go to article

Testing The Effects Of Civility And Rationality During Political Contact, Jason R. Popan Jan 2011

Testing The Effects Of Civility And Rationality During Political Contact, Jason R. Popan

Psychology Dissertations

This research project investigated the effects of civility and rationality of contact between self-identified liberals and conservatives on several outcome measures: participants' evaluations of the political ingroup and outgroup; political attitude certainty; perceived amount of difference between political group members (liberal and conservative); and political identification strength. A 2 (civility: high, low) X 2 (rationality: high, low) experimental design was used in both studies. In Study 1, participants encountered fictitious Internet discussion board posts, with manipulated levels of civility and rationality. Findings from Study 1 did not confirm expectations that exposure to civil and rational civil discourse would lead to …

Go to article

Sex, Drugs, And Work: The Associations Of Personality Characteristics, Risky Sex, Substance Use, And Work Behavior In Young Adult Restaurant Workers, Robyn D. Petree Jan 2011

Sex, Drugs, And Work: The Associations Of Personality Characteristics, Risky Sex, Substance Use, And Work Behavior In Young Adult Restaurant Workers, Robyn D. Petree

Psychology Dissertations

Personality characteristics among young adult (18 - 29 years old) restaurant workers were examined in relation to substance use, risky sexual behavior, and several work outcomes. High sensation seekers and emerging adults were associated with more alcohol and drug use, lower levels of work engagement, and higher levels of intent to quit. Sensation seeking was also related to shorter job tenure. Emerging adulthood was also related to more days absent from work, more sexual partners, and having more unprotected sex. These findings are particularly important for the restaurant industry, one of the largest employers of young adults who are often …

Go to article

Verbal Behavior Of Mice And Men: Preference For Multiple Schedules Of Reinforcement As An Indicator Of The Evolution Of Verbal Behavior, Adrianne Eileen Lewis Jan 2011

Verbal Behavior Of Mice And Men: Preference For Multiple Schedules Of Reinforcement As An Indicator Of The Evolution Of Verbal Behavior, Adrianne Eileen Lewis

Psychology Theses

The evolution of verbal behavior in humans is believed to have appeared in the form of a complex operant behavior. According to behaviorists, the development verbal behavior which is exclusive to Homo sapiens could have been the result of an increased sensitivity to environmental stimuli in the form of another person. Previous animal research by Roark and Kopp (2008) found that sensitivity to environmental stimuli (as indicated by a preference to respond to a multiple schedule of reinforcement) and a preference to respond to additional cues could be a precursor to the evolution of verbal behavior in Sprague Dawley rats. …

Go to article

Finally, My Thesis On Academic Procrastination, Justin Mccloskey Jan 2011

Finally, My Thesis On Academic Procrastination, Justin Mccloskey

Psychology Theses

References to procrastination have been dated back to as long as 3,000 years ago. However, research on procrastination is ironically enormously behind the curve in active research on its antecedents and effects. Academic procrastination is a unique outlet of procrastinatory tendencies and is the object of much less scientific research. Academic procrastination occurs when students needlessly delay completing projects, activities or assignments and has been linked to lower academic grades, poorer well-being, and more stress. Studies have found procrastination to be a vital predictor of success in college and the development of a scale upon which to measure it could …

Go to article

Effect Of Number Of Ideas And Folders On Idea Generation In Groups, Lauren E. Arditti Jan 2011

Effect Of Number Of Ideas And Folders On Idea Generation In Groups, Lauren E. Arditti

Psychology Theses

Electronic brainstorming is a method developed to take advantage of the positive effects of collective ideation, such as cognitive stimulation, while decreasing production blocking and social loafing. Research indicates that as group size increases so does the total number of ideas generated. Yet, as groups get larger, brainstormers may succumb to cognitive overload and no longer benefit from the cognitive stimulation of other group members. To counter this potential source of production loss, the use of folders has been developed. Folders are a means of collecting ideas and distributing them among group members in smaller more manageable sets. However, studies …

Go to article

The Role Of Abstraction For Creative Idea Generation, Ajeeta Deuja Jan 2011

The Role Of Abstraction For Creative Idea Generation, Ajeeta Deuja

Psychology Theses

The present study examined the role of categories during a brainstorming task. Participants were asked to generate abstract categories before they brainstormed either in groups or individually in Study 1. It was expected that generating categories would be beneficial before ideation. However, it was found that category generation harmed the group ideation process. It was also found that they were not clustering as much to their ideas, which might have led to a decrease in productivity. Study 2 aimed to examine whether groups would benefit by brainstorming sequentially because of high clustering. It was found that sequential brainstorming helped increase …

Go to article

Conditioned Place Preference In The Male Wistar-Kyoto Rat, Torry Scott Dennis Jan 2011

Conditioned Place Preference In The Male Wistar-Kyoto Rat, Torry Scott Dennis

Psychology Theses

The current set of experiments examined the role of trait anxiety, using the Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rat, on cocaine- and morphine-induced conditioned place preference. Both four and six pairings of 10mg/kg cocaine during conditioning yielded no significant preference at acquisition, yet a preference at reinstatement was observed after a protracted period of abstinence. The three pairings of 10mg/kg morphine yielded no significant preference for either of the outer choice chambers at any time point, however an increasing preference for the neutral chamber in which no injection was given was observed as extinction continued. Taken together, the data collected from these experiments …

Go to article

Openness To Experience, Strength Of Sense Of Self, And Cognitive Dissonance In A Counter-Attitudinal Advocacy Paradigm, Wen Cheng Jan 2011

Openness To Experience, Strength Of Sense Of Self, And Cognitive Dissonance In A Counter-Attitudinal Advocacy Paradigm, Wen Cheng

Psychology Dissertations

The study was designed to investigate whether personality variables, especially the strength of individuals' sense of self, moderated dissonance reduction behavior in a counter-attitudinal advocacy paradigm. The study included 165 undergraduate participants in a laboratory sample and 182 in an online sample. The participants in both samples completed a series of personality measures before writing a counter-attitudinal essay in favor of a proposed tuition increase. The results indicated that the manipulation of perceived choice had an effect on participants' attitude toward the proposed tuition increase over and above their pre-attitude and personality traits. On the other hand, some personality traits …

Go to article

Examining The Role Of Need For Closure In Psychological Distress Following Genetic Testing For Breast Cancer, Ifeoluwa Togun Jan 2011

Examining The Role Of Need For Closure In Psychological Distress Following Genetic Testing For Breast Cancer, Ifeoluwa Togun

Psychology Dissertations

The present study investigated the relationship between Need for Closure (NFC) and psychological distress after receiving the results of genetic tests for breast cancer. One hundred and eight women recruited from the Cancer Genetics Program at the University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute and Magee-Women's Hospital participated in the study. The women were assessed four times in all, once before receiving their test results (baseline) and three times after at one week, 3 months and 6 months. The results suggested that the testing situation itself does not lead to distress. Distress following genetic test results is related to an individual's attitude …

Go to article

A Primer For Administrative/Managerial Success, William F. Stier Jan 2011

A Primer For Administrative/Managerial Success, William F. Stier

Journal of Applied Sport Management

No abstract provided.

Go to article

From Classroom To Workplace: Becoming A Social Worker, Sarah Louise Hessenauer Jan 2011

From Classroom To Workplace: Becoming A Social Worker, Sarah Louise Hessenauer

Dissertations

This exploratory qualitative study examines the key educational experiences that graduated bachelor level social workers identified as being most helpful to them in their current social work careers. Twenty traditional aged social workers who graduated from CSWE accredited, bachelor level, social work programs in the last 4 to 24 months and who had been working in a social work agency for a minimum of three months were asked to voluntarily participate in the study. The social workers participated in one-on-one interviews in which they were asked to describe their educational experiences and their beliefs about how those experiences supported them …

Go to article

2010 Ohio Animal Welfare Compromise, J. David Aiken Jan 2011

2010 Ohio Animal Welfare Compromise, J. David Aiken

Cornhusker Economics

In June 2010, Ohio elected officials and animal welfare activists negotiated an animal welfare compromise agreement that kept an animal welfare proposition off the November ballot in Ohio.

Go to article

2011 Federal Estate Tax Update, J. David Aiken Jan 2011

2011 Federal Estate Tax Update, J. David Aiken

Cornhusker Economics

Estate planning is a very important topic for farm families. In 2001, President Bush signed legislation that reduced the federal estate taxes up until 2010, when the federal estate tax was reduced to zero. If no new federal legislation had been enacted, the Federal Estate Tax Exemption would have fallen from unlimited to $1 million on January 1, 2011. However, on December 17, 2010 President Obama signed HR 4853, which extended the Bush tax cuts through the end of 2012. This means that from January 1, 2011 through December 31, 2012, the Federal Estate Tax Exemption is $5 million, but …

Go to article

A Good Drought Plan May Save Your Ranch And Improve Your Bottomline, Matthew C. Stockton, Sunil P. Dhoubhadel Jan 2011

A Good Drought Plan May Save Your Ranch And Improve Your Bottomline, Matthew C. Stockton, Sunil P. Dhoubhadel

Cornhusker Economics

If you are a beef cattle producer that depends on rain fed pasture then you know how costly a severe drought can be. Whatever actions are taken to mitigate drought, there is always an associated cost whether it be physical or psychological. From an economic perspective, drought mitigation is managed from two main objectives – demand management and/or supply management. Demand management options include decreasing the demand for feed, such as selling livestock, weaning calves early and moving them to a dry lot or sale and/or reducing the grazing time in pastures. Supply management includes options that increase the supply …

Go to article

Climate Change, Agricultural Productivity And Food Security In Sub-Saharan Africa, Aziza Kibonge Jan 2011

Climate Change, Agricultural Productivity And Food Security In Sub-Saharan Africa, Aziza Kibonge

Cornhusker Economics

Agricultural productivity growth is a necessary condition for food security. Climate is directly related to the ability of a region to produce food. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC, 2007) reports that countries in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) are likely to be severely affected by climate change and climate variability. Projections show that extreme heat and heavy precipitation are likely to become more frequent, affecting the ability of an already stressed area to produce cash as well as food crops. Most of SSA agriculture (96 percent of harvested acres) is rainfed, making crop yields very sensitive to the temporal and …

Go to article

Crop Insurance Changes In 2011, H. Doug Jose Jan 2011

Crop Insurance Changes In 2011, H. Doug Jose

Cornhusker Economics

For a number of years the Risk Management Agency (RMA) of the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) has been working with the crop insurance industry to streamline the crop insurance program for the major crops. The new Common Crop Insurance Policy, referred to as the COMBO Policy, is in effect beginning with crops harvested in 2011. Crops covered include corn, soybeans, grain sorghum, wheat, barley, cotton, rice, canola and sunflowers.

Go to article

Empathy Tempering Economic Choice: The Empirical Evidence, Marianna Khachaturyan, Gary D. Lynne, Natalia Czap, Hans Czap, Mark E. Burbach Jan 2011

Empathy Tempering Economic Choice: The Empirical Evidence, Marianna Khachaturyan, Gary D. Lynne, Natalia Czap, Hans Czap, Mark E. Burbach

Cornhusker Economics

The notion that something beyond money could also be an important part of economic choice goes back hundreds of years. Adam Smith, who is credited with providing the framework for modern market-based economies, wrote extensively in the late 1700s about the role of the “moral sentiments.” In fact, his book The Theory of Moral Sentiments was actually drafted first, and he worked on it many years after the publication of his better known book On the Nature and the Causes of the Wealth of Nations, the latter focused “on the money.” Intriguingly, the sentiments/empathy book is all about how …

Go to article

The Keystone Xl Pipeline Project, Richard K. Perrin, Lilyan Fulginiti Jan 2011

The Keystone Xl Pipeline Project, Richard K. Perrin, Lilyan Fulginiti

Cornhusker Economics

Prior to Canadian Prime Minister Harper’s visit to the White House last week, the United States Department of State released the EnSys study of the controversial Keystone XL pipeline project proposed to run through Nebraska’s sandhills. The release ignited new debates amid concern that the U.S. Department of State would soon decide whether to grant a permit for the pipeline. The Nebraska Unicameral is considering bills to provide more constraints on pipeline construction. Below is a summary of information about this project that could affect many Nebraskans.

Go to article

The Ends Determine The Means: Activated Goals Explain The Decision To Confront, Kala Jean Melchiori Jan 2011

The Ends Determine The Means: Activated Goals Explain The Decision To Confront, Kala Jean Melchiori

Master's Theses

Women believe that they would confront perpetrators of sexual harassment, but when put in a sexually harassing situation they rarely confront (Woodzicka & LaFrance, 2001). Women may overestimate their likelihood of confronting because they think they would be concerned with fairness, but in actuality the need to belong strongly dissuades women from confronting harassers. I tested this idea by randomly assigning women to be primed with a belonging, fairness, or no goal, and then had them predict how they would respond to sexually harassing or surprising interview questions. Women who viewed the sexually harassing interview questions predicted more confrontational behavior …

Go to article

An Attack On One Is An Attack On All: Factors That Influence Responses To Witnessing Discrimination, Hilary E. Slover Jan 2011

An Attack On One Is An Attack On All: Factors That Influence Responses To Witnessing Discrimination, Hilary E. Slover

Master's Theses

Witnessing discrimination against a racial minority should be threatening to both racial minority and majority group members, but for different reasons. One's racial group membership and one's relationship with the perpetrator could both serve as sources of threat to a third party observer. Ninety-two participants identified as racial majority group members (i.e., White) and 48 identified as racial minority group members (i.e., Asian, Black, and other). Each participant was asked to report one instance of discrimination perpetrated by a close other and one by a distant other. Some differences between minority and majority group members' responses emerged. For example, compared …

Go to article

The Family Dialogue: Language Acculturation And Its Impact On Perceived Family Conflict Among Asian Americans, Qi Xu Jan 2011

The Family Dialogue: Language Acculturation And Its Impact On Perceived Family Conflict Among Asian Americans, Qi Xu

Senior Projects Spring 2011

The present study examines the acculturation gap and the acculturation dimension of language between 1st - 2nd generation Asian Americans (Chinese, Korean, Vietnamese, Malaysian) adolescents and their first generation immigrant parents and its predicted relationship to the likelihood of perceived family conflict. Survey data was collected from 34 Asian American college students using the Suinn-Lew Asian Self Identity Acculturation Scale (SL-ASIA) and the Asian American Family Conflicts Scale (AAFCS). It was predicted that the larger the gap between the levels of acculturation and language acculturation of the parent and child, the greater the likelihood of experienced family conflict. …

Go to article

Inherited Obsession: The Role Of Genetics And Serotonin In The Etiology Of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, James E. Sottile Jan 2011

Inherited Obsession: The Role Of Genetics And Serotonin In The Etiology Of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, James E. Sottile

Senior Projects Spring 2011

We still do not understand why some individuals are more likely to develop OCD than others. Research has implicated the serotonin system specifically the serotonin transporter and the 5-HT2A receptor as potential neurochemical underpinnings of OCD. Innovations in genetics have allowed research to hone in on the specific genes which code for the neurochemical dysfunction implicated in OCD. In this literature review, I gathered data in the form of research which addresses the neurochemical and genetic underpinnings of OCD in order to gain a better understanding of the etiology of the disorder. The findings presented represent my analysis of …

Go to article

Hope Is The Ticket To Life: Insights From Disadvantaged African American Youth, Deanna D'Amico Guthrie Jan 2011

Hope Is The Ticket To Life: Insights From Disadvantaged African American Youth, Deanna D'Amico Guthrie

Dissertations

It is important to look at strengths in populations, especially those termed "at-risk" or "disadvantaged." Hope and compassion are positive qualities inner-city African American youth can possess, and further research on these constructs with this population is needed. This exploratory, mixed methods study included both quantitative measures of hope and compassion and qualitative interviews with inner-city African American youth who are participating in an after school program. The following research questions were addressed: (1) How do the youth describe hope?, (2) How do the youth's relationships develop and maintain hope?, (3) How do the youth describe goal definition and pursuit …

Go to article

Globalizing Kenyan Culture: Jua Kali & The Transformation Of Contemporary Kenyan Art: 1960-2010, Margaretta H. Swigert Jan 2011

Globalizing Kenyan Culture: Jua Kali & The Transformation Of Contemporary Kenyan Art: 1960-2010, Margaretta H. Swigert

Dissertations

In an age of globalization, when as a result of enhanced telecommunication and global media, the world's population is more interconnected than ever, the public at large still tends to associate Africa with poverty, disease and political instability. Yet keen observers of the social landscape have observed that despite Africa's legacy of woes, cultural productivity in the region is on the rise, leading scholars to refer to the phenomenon as an African Renaissance. This is particularly the case in Kenya where a contemporary art movement is flourishing through both local and global art networks. But the question remains: how in …

Go to article

Banking In A Matching Model Of Money And Capital, Valerie R. Bencivenga, Gabriele Camera Jan 2011

Banking In A Matching Model Of Money And Capital, Valerie R. Bencivenga, Gabriele Camera

Economics Faculty Articles and Research

We introduce banks in a model of money and capital with trading frictions. Banks offer demand deposit contracts and hold primary assets to maximize depositors’ utility. If banks’ operating costs are small, banks reallocate liquidity eliminating idle balances and improving the allocation. At moderate costs, idle balances are reduced but not eliminated. At larger costs, banks are redundant. A central bank policy of paying interest on bank reserves can reverse inflation’s distortionary effects, and increase welfare, but only when costs are small. The threshold levels of banks’ costs increase with inflation, suggesting inflation and banks’ utilization are positively associated.

Go to article

First Prev Next Last