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2012

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Articles 22891 - 22920 of 23316

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

The Conundrum Of Sharing Research Data (2011 Pre-Publication Manuscript), Christine L. Borgman Dec 2011

The Conundrum Of Sharing Research Data (2011 Pre-Publication Manuscript), Christine L. Borgman

Christine L. Borgman

New methods and instrumentation are producing an unprecedented deluge of research data. The volume of data, combined with new means of distribution and mining, has excited funding agencies, policy makers, and the general public with promises of discovery and innovation. Many stakeholders now expect data to be released, yet sharing is common in only a few fields such as astronomy and genomics. In other fields, some researchers share their data routinely, others never share their data, and most appear willing to share some of their data some of the time. Data sharing is thus a conundrum – “an intricate and …

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What's In A Letter?, Aaron J. Schein Dec 2011

What's In A Letter?, Aaron J. Schein

Aaron J Schein

Sentiment analysis is a burgeoning field in natural language processing used to extract and categorize opinion in evaluative documents. We look at recommendation letters, which pose unique challenges to standard sentiment analysis systems. Our dataset is eighteen letters from applications to UMass Worcester Memorial Medical Center’s residency program in Obstetrics and Gynecology. Given a small dataset, we develop a method intended for use by domain experts to systematically explore their intuitions about the topical make-up of documents on which they make critical decisions. By leveraging WordNet and the WordNet Propagation algorithm, the method allows a user to develop topic seed …

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江戸時代女性の噂話, Cecilia S. Seigle Ph.D. Dec 2011

江戸時代女性の噂話, Cecilia S. Seigle Ph.D.

Cecilia S Seigle Ph.D.

江戸時代の女性は家庭の主婦としての忙しさからか、残念ながら随筆や見聞記をあまり残していない。江戸時代でも後半にはかなり多くの女性が日記を書いたらしいけれど、男性の見聞酒随筆集に比べると非常に少ない 。 しかし女性は特殊な興味の対象としてうわさ話の種になったので、この本では女性中心のうわさ話を調べてみた。記録された女性の噂話も男性についての噂話に比べれば少ないのだが、全体的には膨大な量である。

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African American Caregiving Grandmothers: Results Of An Intervention To Improve Health Indicators And Health Promotion Behaviors, Susan Kelley, Deborah M. Whitley, Peter Campos Dec 2011

African American Caregiving Grandmothers: Results Of An Intervention To Improve Health Indicators And Health Promotion Behaviors, Susan Kelley, Deborah M. Whitley, Peter Campos

Deborah M. Whitley

The purpose of this study was to examine the efficacy of an intervention to improve the health of grandmothers raising grandchildren. A pre- and post-test design was employed with 504 African American grandmother participants. The intervention included monthly home-based visitation by registered nurses (RNs) and social workers, participation in support groups and parenting classes, referrals for legal services, and early intervention services for children with special needs. The Health Risk Appraisal was used to assess health indicators and health promotion behaviors. A comparison of pre- and post-test scores indicated significant (p < .002) changes in the desired direction for a number of health indicators and health promotion behaviors, including blood pressure, annual routine cancer screenings, frequency of weekly exercise, and improved dietary intake, as well as participants’ perception of their health and life satisfaction. No improvements were observed in the proportion of participants who were obese or overweight.

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Isenhour, Cindy. On The Politics Of Climate Knowledge: Sir Giddens, Sweden And The Paradox Of Climate (In)Justice. Local Environment:, Cindy Isenhour Dec 2011

Isenhour, Cindy. On The Politics Of Climate Knowledge: Sir Giddens, Sweden And The Paradox Of Climate (In)Justice. Local Environment:, Cindy Isenhour

Cindy Isenhour

No abstract provided.

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Behavioral Responses Of Patients In Aids Treatment Programs: Sexual Behavior In Kenya, Harsha Thirumurthy, Cristian Pop-Eleches, James Habyarimana, Markus Goldstein, Joshua Graff Zivin Dec 2011

Behavioral Responses Of Patients In Aids Treatment Programs: Sexual Behavior In Kenya, Harsha Thirumurthy, Cristian Pop-Eleches, James Habyarimana, Markus Goldstein, Joshua Graff Zivin

Joshua Graff Zivin

No abstract provided.

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Empirical Evidence For Decreasing Returns To Scale In A Health Capital Model, Titus Galama, Patrick Hullegie, Meijer Erik, Sarah Outcault Dec 2011

Empirical Evidence For Decreasing Returns To Scale In A Health Capital Model, Titus Galama, Patrick Hullegie, Meijer Erik, Sarah Outcault

Titus Galama

We estimate a health investment equation, derived from a health capital model that is an extension of the well-known Grossman model. Of particular interest is whether the health production function has constant returns to scale, as in the standard Grossman model, or decreasing returns to scale, as in the Ehrlich-Chuma model and extensions thereof. The model with decreasing returns to scale has a number of theoretically and empirically desirable characteristics that the constant returns model does not have. Although our empirical equation does not point-identify the decreasing returns to scale curvature parameter, it does allow us to test for constant …

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江戸時代女性の噂話 第三部: 中級武家の女性, Cecilia (淑子） S. Seigle (瀬川） Ph.D. Dec 2011

江戸時代女性の噂話 第三部: 中級武家の女性, Cecilia (淑子） S. Seigle (瀬川） Ph.D.

Cecilia S Seigle Ph.D.

No abstract provided.

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The Paradox Of Gender Among West China Missionary Collectors, 1920-1950, Cory A. Willmott Dec 2011

The Paradox Of Gender Among West China Missionary Collectors, 1920-1950, Cory A. Willmott

Cory A. Willmott

During the turbulent years between the Chinese nationalist revolution of 1911 and the communist victory of 1949, a group of missionaries lived and worked in West China whose social gospel theologies led to unusual identification with Chinese. Among the regular social actors in their lives were itinerant “curio men” who, amidst the chaos of feuding warlords, gathered up the heirlooms of the deposed Manchurian aristocracy and offered these wares for sale on the quiet and orderly verandahs of the mansions inside the missionary compounds of West China Union University. Although missionary men and women often collected the same types of …

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Implementing Environmental Justice In Appalachia: The Social And Cultural Context Of Mountaintop Removal Mining As Seen Through The Lenses Of Law And Documentaries, Evan Barret Smith Dec 2011

Implementing Environmental Justice In Appalachia: The Social And Cultural Context Of Mountaintop Removal Mining As Seen Through The Lenses Of Law And Documentaries, Evan Barret Smith

Evan Barret Smith

Mountaintop removal is a form of mining that has major effects on the ecology and people of central Appalachia. The practice has been gaining increasing attention from the EPA and popular cultural sources as an environmental justice issue. Recent decisions by the EPA incorporate an environmental justice analysis as contextualization, but the perspective provided is problematic. This Article compares the way that the social and cultural context of mountaintop removal has been framed in judicial opinions and EPA documents to understand how legal documents understand and perpetuate the conflicts related to mountaintop removal. To further widen the lens, seven documentary …

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Response To Ostp Rfi On Public Access To Digital Data, Denise Troll Covey, Gloriana St. Clair Dec 2011

Response To Ostp Rfi On Public Access To Digital Data, Denise Troll Covey, Gloriana St. Clair

Gloriana St. Clair

Response to Request for Information from the Office of Science and Technology Policy posted in the Federal Register, Vol. 76, No. 214, November 4, 2011.

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Barack Obama And The Partisan Presidency: Four More Years, Richard M. Skinner Dec 2011

Barack Obama And The Partisan Presidency: Four More Years, Richard M. Skinner

Richard M. Skinner

No abstract provided.

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Dialect-Neutral Indices Of Narrative Cohesion And Evaluation, Frances Burns, Peter A. De Villiers, Barbara Zurer Pearson, Tempii Champion Dec 2011

Dialect-Neutral Indices Of Narrative Cohesion And Evaluation, Frances Burns, Peter A. De Villiers, Barbara Zurer Pearson, Tempii Champion

Barbara Zurer Pearson

Purpose: This study compares the development of essential elements of narrative skill in children from African American English (AAE)- and general American English (GAE)-speaking communities using an innovative elicitation and evaluation paradigm. The measures include: 1) reference contrasting, 2) temporal expressions, 3) mental state descriptions, and 4) understanding of behavior based on false belief. Method: Participants were 291 AAE speakers and 238 GAE speakers, 4 to 9 years of age. Approximately one-third of both dialect groups were identified as language impaired. Children generated two stories based on short picture sequences. Their stories were coded for the four key indices of …

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Games Without Frontiers?: Democratic Engagement, Agonistic Pluralism, And The Question Of Exclusion, Robert W. Glover Dec 2011

Games Without Frontiers?: Democratic Engagement, Agonistic Pluralism, And The Question Of Exclusion, Robert W. Glover

Robert W. Glover

In recent years a growing number of democratic theorists have proposed ways to increase citizen engagement, while channeling those democratic energies in positive directions and away from systematic marginalization, exclusion and intolerance. One novel answer is provided by a strain of democratic theory known as agonistic pluralism, which valorizes adversarial engagement and recognizes the marginalizing tendencies implicit in drives to consensus and stability. However, the divergences between competing variants of agonistic pluralism remain largely underdeveloped or unrecognized. In this article, I address this shortcoming, examining these strains of agonism around the constraints placed upon democratic discourse. I argue that the …

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Linguistic Diversity In The Very Long Run, Andrew John Dec 2011

Linguistic Diversity In The Very Long Run, Andrew John

Andrew John

This paper presents an endogenous growth model in which language is an engine of growth. Language is an input into production and exchange: agents who can communicate easily are able to produce and consume more. At the same time, economic interaction among agents affects the evolution of language. The model can match a key stylized fact of historical linguistics---a global increase, followed by decline, in linguistic diversity. In addition, the model generates the endogenous creation and destruction of distinct linguistic groups.

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Environmental Justice And Hydraulic Fracturing: The Ascendancy Of Grassroots Populism In Policy Determination, Nancy C. Carre Dec 2011

Environmental Justice And Hydraulic Fracturing: The Ascendancy Of Grassroots Populism In Policy Determination, Nancy C. Carre

Nancy C Carre

Exploration and development of natural gas resources includes the use of hydraulic fracturing, a process that can potentially contaminate domestic water sources. While industry seeks access to BLM leases for new wells, their proximity to communities can have serious negative consequences on their health and life style, raising questions of how sites are selected and concerns about environmental justice. This case scenario explores the manner in which the residents of Delta County, Colorado, organized in response to proposed lease sales, and how grassroots mobilization uses technology and proactive mechanisms to affect public policy.

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Introduction To Linguistics (Prospective Syllabus), Adam Hodges Dec 2011

Introduction To Linguistics (Prospective Syllabus), Adam Hodges

Adam Hodges

Linguistics is the study of the various dimensions of language structure and language use. In this course, we will provide a basic overview of the field of linguistics by focusing on the three dimensions of language structure—the sound system (phonetics, phonology), vocabulary (lexicon, morphology), and grammar (syntax)—and the way linguistic structure and context give rise to meaning (semantics, pragmatics). In addition, we will consider how social practices shape and are shaped by language use (sociolinguistics), how children acquire language (language acquisition), and how we learn second languages (language learning). Students will gain practice with different types of linguistic analyses through …

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The Peculiar Immobility: Regional Affinity And The Postbellum Black Migrant, Philip E. Graves, Robert L. Sexton, Richard Vedder Dec 2011

The Peculiar Immobility: Regional Affinity And The Postbellum Black Migrant, Philip E. Graves, Robert L. Sexton, Richard Vedder

Robert L Sexton

Why did newly freed slaves and their descendants wait a half a century before migrating in large numbers to the superior economic opportunities in the North? Census lifetime migration data on both movers and stayers are examined intertemporally for both whites and blacks. Regression analysis reveals that before 1920 Southern blacks had a very strong affinity for the "Southern way of life."

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Canonical Higher-Order Kernels For Density Derivative Estimation, Daniel J. Henderson, Christopher Parmeter Dec 2011

Canonical Higher-Order Kernels For Density Derivative Estimation, Daniel J. Henderson, Christopher Parmeter

Christopher F. Parmeter

In this note we present rth-order kernel density derivative estimators using canonical higher-order kernels. These canonical rescalings uncouple the choice of kernel and scale factor. This approach is useful for selection of the order of the kernel in a data-driven procedure as well as for visual comparison of kernel estimates.

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Fulfilling The U.S. Obligation To Prevent Exterminationism: A Comprehensive Approach To Regulating Hate Speech And Dismantling Systems Of Genocide., Sarah E. Ryan Dec 2011

Fulfilling The U.S. Obligation To Prevent Exterminationism: A Comprehensive Approach To Regulating Hate Speech And Dismantling Systems Of Genocide., Sarah E. Ryan

Sarah E Ryan

No abstract provided.

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Environmental Policy And Political Realities: Fisheries Management & Job Creation In The Pacific Islands, Joshua Graff Zivin, Maria Damon Dec 2011

Environmental Policy And Political Realities: Fisheries Management & Job Creation In The Pacific Islands, Joshua Graff Zivin, Maria Damon

Joshua Graff Zivin

No abstract provided.

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A Preliminary Investigation Of Northern Ireland's Housing Market Dynamics, Derek Bond, Emer Gallagher, Elaine Ramsey Dec 2011

A Preliminary Investigation Of Northern Ireland's Housing Market Dynamics, Derek Bond, Emer Gallagher, Elaine Ramsey

Derek Bond

In this paper recent developments in dynamic econometric methodology are used to explore the possibility of asset bubbles in the Northern Ireland housing market. This market is interesting as its house price trajectory is quite unlike any neighbouring market. In recent years it seems to have been influenced both by the general UK market and the Republic of Ireland's housing market. The dynamics of the market are explored through univariate analysis, using sequential unit root tests and fractional integration. The findings provide an indication of the principle developments in the market and could provide the basis for further causal analysis.

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States Without Romance, Richard Adelstein Dec 2011

States Without Romance, Richard Adelstein

Richard Adelstein

A short appreciation of Buchanan and Tullock's The Calculus of Consent (1962).

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How You Think About Your Intelligence Determines How You Feel In School: The Role Of Theories Of Intelligence On Academic Emotions, Ronnel B. King Dec 2011

How You Think About Your Intelligence Determines How You Feel In School: The Role Of Theories Of Intelligence On Academic Emotions, Ronnel B. King

Ronnel B King

Research on implicit theories of intelligence and academic emotions have proceeded in parallel with little cross-over of ideas. This study aims to examine the potential synergies that may exist between these two strands of research by examining whether implicit theories of intelligence can function as a predictor of academic emotions when situated within Pekrun's (2006) control-value theory of achievement emotions. Filipino secondary school students (N = 1147) participated in the study. Hierarchical regression analyses were employed to investigate the predictive effects of implicit theories of intelligence on academic emotions after controlling for the variance accounted for by demographic variables, social …

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Causes And Consequences Of International Migration: Sociological Evidence For The Right To Mobility, Tanya Golash-Boza, Cecilia Menjivar Dec 2011

Causes And Consequences Of International Migration: Sociological Evidence For The Right To Mobility, Tanya Golash-Boza, Cecilia Menjivar

tanya golash-boza

Human rights declarations provide the right for any person to leave their country, yet do not provide the right to enter another country, stopping halfway in asserting a right to mobility. In this article we provide evidence that 1) state policies and actions create migration flows; 2) migrants often travel to fulfil their human rights; and 3) current restrictions on immigration curtail migrants’ human rights. We argue, based on sociological evidence, that the right to mobility is a fundamental human right, and deserves a place in human rights doctrine.

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The Social And Political Consequences Of Devotion To Biblical Artifacts, Neil Brodie, Morag Kersel Dec 2011

The Social And Political Consequences Of Devotion To Biblical Artifacts, Neil Brodie, Morag Kersel

Morag M. Kersel

No abstract provided.

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Lsp 110: Alternative Healing In Chicago, John Mazzeo Dec 2011

Lsp 110: Alternative Healing In Chicago, John Mazzeo

John Mazzeo, Ph.D.

No abstract provided.

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Neoliberalizing Higher Education In Greece: New Laws, Old Free-Market Tricks, Panayota Gounari Dec 2011

Neoliberalizing Higher Education In Greece: New Laws, Old Free-Market Tricks, Panayota Gounari

Panayota Gounari

Amid a financial crisis that has shifted politics in Greece to conservative market-driven ideologies and policies, specific major changes are proposed by the Greek Ministry of Education for primary, secondary and higher education. With the gradual disappearance of public space and of the welfare state, under the pressure and the auspices of the International Monetary Fund (IMF), education becomes one more space quickly geared up towards privatization, marketization of learning and educational goals while the character of free public education is radically redefined. This article addresses the changes in higher education legislation and policy in Greece and analyzes the discursive …

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Language, Race And Ethnicity (Prospective Syllabus), Adam Hodges Dec 2011

Language, Race And Ethnicity (Prospective Syllabus), Adam Hodges

Adam Hodges

What is race? What is ethnicity? How is racial identity assigned, assumed, constructed and performed? How does race explicitly as well as implicitly order social life? How does racism manifest itself in our discourse—not just overtly but covertly? What is a “color blind” society? What is a “post-racial” society? A focus on language is central to answering these and many related questions. In this course, we will explore the work done by sociocultural linguists within the American context on the way language intersects with issues pertaining to race and ethnicity. Primary emphasis will be placed on the way ethnoracial identities …

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Trajectories Of Parenting Stress Among Mothers And Fathers Of Children With Developmental Disabilities: From Early Childhood Through Adolescence, Ashley C. Woodman Dec 2011

Trajectories Of Parenting Stress Among Mothers And Fathers Of Children With Developmental Disabilities: From Early Childhood Through Adolescence, Ashley C. Woodman

Ashley C. Woodman

No abstract provided.

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