Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™

Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®

2015

Discipline
Institution
Keyword
Publication
Publication Type
File Type

Articles 27541 - 27570 of 27637

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Paul Farmer: Structural Violence And The Embodiment Of Inequality, Fernando De Maio Dec 2014

Paul Farmer: Structural Violence And The Embodiment Of Inequality, Fernando De Maio

Fernando De Maio

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Public Participation Gis And Neighbourhood Recovery: Using Community Mapping For Economic Development, Michelle M. Thompson Phd Dec 2014

Public Participation Gis And Neighbourhood Recovery: Using Community Mapping For Economic Development, Michelle M. Thompson Phd

Dr. Michelle M. Thompson, GISP, FRGS

Abstract: In 2005, New Orleans, Louisiana experienced an interruption in its neighborhood life cycle due to Hurricane Katrina. While federal, state and local administrative policies have tried to manage the process of recovery, the non-profit sector has been a key to the recovery. This paper will examine the case study of the Beacon of Hope Resource Centre (BOH) whose ability to collect data, expand citizen engagement and influence policy made a positive impact upon economic development through public participation geographic information systems (PPGIS) with the Regional Planning Commission and the Department of Planning and Urban Studies, University of New Orleans. …

Go to article

A Careful Look At Modern Case Selection Methods, Kevin M. Quinn, Michael Herron Dec 2014

A Careful Look At Modern Case Selection Methods, Kevin M. Quinn, Michael Herron

Kevin M. Quinn

Case study research is very common within political science, particularly in the study of comparative politics and international relations. One problem that case study scholars face when conducting research is determining how to select their cases. While there are a variety of case selection techniques that have been suggested within the literature on case study analysis, there is little in the way of analytical results that show when one case selection method (i.e., picking highly disparate cases that shed light on a question of interest) is better than a different method (i.e., picking two similar cases). Should cases be selected …

Go to article

Weak States, Unruly Capitalists, And The Rise Of Étatism In Late Developers: The Case Of Turkey, Basak Kus Dec 2014

Weak States, Unruly Capitalists, And The Rise Of Étatism In Late Developers: The Case Of Turkey, Basak Kus

BASAK KUS

Understanding why some nations turned to étatism in the early stages of economy building remains central to political economy. A general consensus, although it comes in different versions, holds that étatism became the developmental policy in nations where indigenous entrepreneurial classes were weak and small. Traditional accounts of Turkish turn to étatism in the 1930s generally draw on this premise. This article challenges these perspectives that associate étatism with a strong state and a weak entrepreneurial class. I argue that the turn to étatism in Turkey did not simply result from the developmental shortcomings of the newly emerging private sector. …

Go to article

Sociology Of Debt: States, Credit Markets, And Indebted Citizens, Basak Kus Dec 2014

Sociology Of Debt: States, Credit Markets, And Indebted Citizens, Basak Kus

BASAK KUS

Within the context of the recent financial crisis, the causes and implications of mounting levels of household indebtedness have begun to be examined from a variety of angles: Why have nations differed so drastically, historically speaking, in terms of the level of debt that their citizens carry? Why have patterns converged over the past few decades, with levels of indebtedness increasing across the board? This paper considers these questions from a sociological perspective. I first consider the role of political, institutional, economic, and cultural factors, as well as individual characteristics, in shaping the demand for and supply of credit and …

Go to article

G. A. Cohen Why Socialism? Című Könyvéről (On G. A. Cohen’S Why Socialism?), Attila Tanyi Dec 2014

G. A. Cohen Why Socialism? Című Könyvéről (On G. A. Cohen’S Why Socialism?), Attila Tanyi

Attila Tanyi

This is a short introduction to Cohen's book and argument.

Go to article

Prices And Social Behavior: Evidence From Adult Smoking In Canadian Aboriginal Communities, Jesse A. Matheson Dec 2014

Prices And Social Behavior: Evidence From Adult Smoking In Canadian Aboriginal Communities, Jesse A. Matheson

Jesse A Matheson

This paper provides estimates of tobacco price elasticity explicitly distinguishing between two price effects: the direct effect, reflecting individual reaction to a price change, and the indirect effect, whereby price influences the individual by changing community smoking behavior. Canada's Aboriginal communities are small and secluded, allowing for plausible identification of reference groups on a relatively large scale. Estimates suggest a 10 percent increase in price decreases daily smoking by 0.91 percentage points (2.11 percent), occasional smoking by 1.24 percentage points (8.27 percent) and average smoking intensity by 0.15 cigarettes per day (2.9 percent). It is found that the indirect effect …

Go to article

Low-Income Housing Development, Poverty Concentration, And Neighborhood Inequality, Matthew Freedman, Tamara Mcgavock Dec 2014

Low-Income Housing Development, Poverty Concentration, And Neighborhood Inequality, Matthew Freedman, Tamara Mcgavock

Matthew Freedman

Considerable debate exists about the merits of place-based programs that steer new development, and particularly affordable housing development, into low-income neighborhoods. Exploiting quasi-experimental variation in incentives to construct and rehabilitate rental housing across neighborhoods generated by Low-Income Housing Tax Credit (LIHTC) program rules, we explore the impacts of subsidized development on local housing construction, poverty concentration, and neighborhood inequality. While a large fraction of rental housing development spurred by the program is offset by a reduction in the number of new unsubsidized units, housing investment under the LIHTC has measurable effects on the distribution of income within and across communities. …

Go to article

Benefit Transfer Combining Revealed And Stated Preference Data: Nourishment And Retreat Options For Delaware Bay Beaches, Robert J. Johnston, Mahesh Ramachadran, George R. Parsons Dec 2014

Benefit Transfer Combining Revealed And Stated Preference Data: Nourishment And Retreat Options For Delaware Bay Beaches, Robert J. Johnston, Mahesh Ramachadran, George R. Parsons

George Parsons

Abstract appears in attached article

Go to article

Leaning Out: Exploring Organizational Advocacy Activities From An Open Systems Perspective, Lauri Goldkind Dec 2014

Leaning Out: Exploring Organizational Advocacy Activities From An Open Systems Perspective, Lauri Goldkind

Lauri Goldkind

This article explores the effect of organizational culture on engagement with advocacy activities, both traditional and electronic. The Competing Values Framework offers a model for understanding how organizations’ culture influences behavior. Using a sample of nonprofit providers from across the country, the author hypothesized that organizations that use electronic advocacy tools are more involved with advocacy activities of all types. A paper and pencil survey was used to collect data on organizational culture, advocacy tools and techniques, perceived effectiveness of the advocacy tools, policy goals, organizational sustainability goals as well as barriers and facilitators of electronic advocacy. The study used …

Go to article

Queer Precarity And The Myth Of Gay Affluence, Margot Weiss, Amber Hollibaugh Dec 2014

Queer Precarity And The Myth Of Gay Affluence, Margot Weiss, Amber Hollibaugh

Margot Weiss

This essay begins to explore and articulate the concept of queer precarity. Queer precarity emphasizes the particular vulnerabilities of LGBT, queer, and GNC (gender non-conforming) people to the current economic transformations. Contrary to the myth of gay affluence, research from at least the mid-1990s shows that queer and gender non-conforming people are more vulnerable to poverty than their straight and cisgendered male or female counterparts. Yet this myth is sustained by the mainstream LGBT movement and too often shared by the progressive and activist labor movement. It is a particularly destructive myth for labor organizers because LGBT/Q people make up …

Go to article

Bdsm (Bondage, Discipline, Domination, Submission, Sadomasochism), Margot Weiss Dec 2014

Bdsm (Bondage, Discipline, Domination, Submission, Sadomasochism), Margot Weiss

Margot Weiss

BDSM is the consensual exchange of power for pleasure. BDSM is an acronym made up of three term-sets: bondage and discipline (B&D), domination and submission (D/s), and sadomasochism (SM, S/M, or S&M). Although practices similar to those in contemporary BDSM communities have existed in most places and times, BDSM communities are a phenomenon of industrialized capitalist societies.

Go to article

Queer Economic Justice: Desire, Critique, And The Practice Of Knowledge, Margot Weiss Dec 2014

Queer Economic Justice: Desire, Critique, And The Practice Of Knowledge, Margot Weiss

Margot Weiss

This essay explores the political dreams we invest in radical sexualities and why we might want to find liberation, specifically economic justice, in radical sexualities. In a time of ongoing neoliberalization of knowledge, where what might appear to be radical sexual difference is all too easily absorbed into multicultural tolerance, I argue that the desire for sex to be liberatory indexes a more social desire for transformation. Taking up the recent turn away from critique in both queer studies and anthropology, I argue that we need critique now more than ever—an immanent critique that implicates both objects and subjects in …

Go to article

Challenges And Trends In Providing Access Services In An Evolving Campus And Online Environments, Dennis J. Smith Dec 2014

Challenges And Trends In Providing Access Services In An Evolving Campus And Online Environments, Dennis J. Smith

Dennis J Smith

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Social Media, Higher Education, And Community Colleges: A Research Synthesis And Implications For The Study Of Two-Year Institutions, Charles H.F. Davis Iii, Regina Deil-Amen, Cecilia Rios-Aguilar, Manuel González Canché Dec 2014

Social Media, Higher Education, And Community Colleges: A Research Synthesis And Implications For The Study Of Two-Year Institutions, Charles H.F. Davis Iii, Regina Deil-Amen, Cecilia Rios-Aguilar, Manuel González Canché

Charles H.F. Davis III

The boundaries between on-line and “real-world” communities are rapidly deteriorating, particularly for the generation of young people whose lives are pervaded by social media. For this generation, social media exchanges are a primary means of communication, social engagement, information seek- ing, and possibly, a central component of their identity and community-building. Given these realities, postsecondary educators should begin to seriously explore the potential to intentionally and strategi- cally harness the power of these revolutionary transformations in technology use to better serve the needs of students to enhance their success. Therefore, this review of books, academic journals, higher education news, research …

Go to article

Workbook Cover Art, Lindy Scripps-Hoekstra, Gayle Schaub Dec 2014

Workbook Cover Art, Lindy Scripps-Hoekstra, Gayle Schaub

Lindy Scripps-Hoekstra

No abstract provided.

Go to article

Weekly Lesson Plans, Lindy Scripps-Hoekstra, Gayle Schaub Dec 2014

Weekly Lesson Plans, Lindy Scripps-Hoekstra, Gayle Schaub

Lindy Scripps-Hoekstra

No abstract provided.

Go to article

The Ongoing Cognitive Processing Of Exclusionary Social Events: Evidence From Event-Related Potentials, Jason R. Themanson Dec 2014

The Ongoing Cognitive Processing Of Exclusionary Social Events: Evidence From Event-Related Potentials, Jason R. Themanson

Jason R. Themanson, Ph.D

Exclusionary social events are known to cause alterations in neural activity and attention-related processes. However, the precise nature of these neural adjustments remains unknown as previous research has been limited to examining social interactions and exclusionary events as unitary phenomena. To address this limitation, we assessed neural activity during both inclusionary and exclusionary social interactions by examining event-related brain potentials at multiple points within each social event. Our results show an initial enhancement of anterior cingulate cortex-related activation, indexed by the anterior N2, in response to specific exclusionary events followed by an enhanced attentional orienting response, indexed by the P3a, …

Go to article

Design In Tourism Education: A Design Anthropology Perspective, Kurt W. Seemann Dec 2014

Design In Tourism Education: A Design Anthropology Perspective, Kurt W. Seemann

Kurt W Seemann

When humans travel they are interacting with a range of digital, spatial, service flow systems and product experiences. These interactions can be perceived as positive or negative. They are usually socially contextualised by expectations, or the delight of being able to share the moment. This chapter develops a conceptual frame for how we may include design in the professional education of tourism graduate’s so they may enhance the human valued experience that people have with the made-world around them. A curriculum in tourism design has a wide pallet to research, develop and teach that may go beyond the traveller, to …

Go to article

Culture In Design, Technology, And Environment: Reflecting On Field Experiences, Kurt W. Seemann Dec 2014

Culture In Design, Technology, And Environment: Reflecting On Field Experiences, Kurt W. Seemann

Kurt W Seemann

Culture is a fuzzy kind of idea. We all point to it when we see it among others, but when asked to place a universal boundary around it to define it as framing much of what we do ourselves, we run into trouble. When we design and develop made worlds with, and for, other cultures, or when we think how we engage in the worlds made by others, the opportunity manifests itself to see how culture can be embedded not only in the choices made to create the artifacts, systems, or symbols but significantly in the socio-cultural and even natural …

Go to article

Democracia E Autogoverno Da Magistratura Na Itália - A Experiência Do Conselho Superior Da Magistratura, Eduardo Meira Zauli Dr. Dec 2014

Democracia E Autogoverno Da Magistratura Na Itália - A Experiência Do Conselho Superior Da Magistratura, Eduardo Meira Zauli Dr.

Eduardo Meira Zauli

This paper deals with the problem of the relationship between the self-government of judiciary and democratic system. The role of judicial councils in contemporary democracies, and particularly the status and the roles played by the Superior Council of the Italian Magistracy (CSM) in the legal and political system of Italy is object of analysis. For such a reconstruction of the emergence and evolution of the CSM is taken, and then presented their main institutional characteristics. Then we present some of the weaknesses of the performance of CSM in the field of professional evaluation and disciplinary power and its relations with …

Go to article

A Quantum Congress, Jorge R. Roig Dec 2014

A Quantum Congress, Jorge R. Roig

Jorge R Roig

This article tries to address the problem of a corrupt and broken electoral system that has been captured by special interests through big money spending in political campaigns, while at the same time preserving the spirit of the Free Speech Clause of our Constitution. In doing so, this article first reviews and summarizes the different alternatives proposed as potential fixes for the campaign finance problem. It then explains why none of the proposed alternatives can accomplish the dual goals set out above. Finally, the article briefly sketches a proposal for a fundamental reworking of our representative democracy by substituting legislative …

Go to article

Emerging Adulthood In North America: Identity Status And Perception Of Adulthood Among College Students From Canada And The United States, Karin Bartoszuk Dec 2014

Emerging Adulthood In North America: Identity Status And Perception Of Adulthood Among College Students From Canada And The United States, Karin Bartoszuk

Karin Bartoszuk

This study examined perceptions of adulthood and associations with identity status development among college students in Canada and the United States.

Go to article

Bad Reputation: Stigma As An Inhibitor Of Risk Behaviors, Brian Newby, Whitney Decamp Dec 2014

Bad Reputation: Stigma As An Inhibitor Of Risk Behaviors, Brian Newby, Whitney Decamp

Whitney DeCamp

In recent years, it has been suggested that technological and scientific advancements have made the world a safer place, yet the fear of risk and threats to safety is higher than ever. This theory suggests that people are increasingly basing decisions about risk behaviors on the potential impact on their reputation. Specifically, the stigma of taking risks has been alleged to be a primary factor inhibiting risk-taking behavior. This claim, however, has remained theoretical and without empirical tests to determine its validity. The present study uses data collected from a random sample of college students, including data from open-ended responses …

Go to article

Developmental Victimology: Estimating Group Victimization Trajectories In The Age-Victimization Curve, Whitney Decamp, Heather Zaykowski Dec 2014

Developmental Victimology: Estimating Group Victimization Trajectories In The Age-Victimization Curve, Whitney Decamp, Heather Zaykowski

Whitney DeCamp

Although research on the age-crime curve has made significant advances in the past few decades, our understanding of victimization has not benefited to the same degree. The present study examines the age-victim curve to explore victimization trajectories, which increases our understanding of risks over time through different life pathways. Using data from the Offending, Crime and Justice Survey, a national longitudinal survey in England and Wales, trajectory modeling is used to estimate different violent victimization trajectories for people aged 10 to 29 over four years of data. Analyses indicate the presence of four distinct victimization trajectories, including: rarely victimized, young …

Go to article

From Bullied To Deviant: The Victim-Offender Overlap Among Bullying Victims, Whitney Decamp, Brian Newby Dec 2014

From Bullied To Deviant: The Victim-Offender Overlap Among Bullying Victims, Whitney Decamp, Brian Newby

Whitney DeCamp

Though much research has explored bullies and bullying victims, little has been done to explore the long-term effects on those who have been bullied. Separately, a growing body of evidence suggests that there is a victim-offender overlap, in which many victims are or become offenders themselves. Taken together, this suggests that bullying victims may themselves be at elevated risk for involvement in deviance or crime. The present study uses data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997 (NLSY97) to explore this issue, utilizing propensity score matching to control for the shared predictors of offending and victimization. Given that bullying …

Go to article

Why So Many Questions? Measurement Issues And The Attitudinal Self-Control Scale, Whitney Decamp Dec 2014

Why So Many Questions? Measurement Issues And The Attitudinal Self-Control Scale, Whitney Decamp

Whitney DeCamp

The Grasmick et al. scale is one of the most frequently used measures in criminology. Regardless of how common the scale is used, questions remain about its dimensionality and the nature of forming a composite measure from its 24 individual components. This study examines whether a composite measure is the most effective method for using the scale with a series of analyses using different approaches to combining - or not combining - these measures. Based on data from a sample of over 1,500 college students, the results indicate that a single-factor composite of the 24 items is the least effective …

Go to article

Impersonal Agencies Of Communication: Comparing The Effects Of Video Games And Other Risk Factors On Violence, Whitney Decamp Dec 2014

Impersonal Agencies Of Communication: Comparing The Effects Of Video Games And Other Risk Factors On Violence, Whitney Decamp

Whitney DeCamp

In the debated topic of violent video games and violent behavior, empirical evidence has been mixed. Some studies support the assertion that there is a causal or correlational link between gaming and violence, while others do not find such support. Recent advances have demonstrated that adequately controlling for background characteristics that might result in a selection bias decrease the effect sizes. However, it remains unclear how strong of an effect video game playing has in comparison to other risk factors. The present study uses data from over 6,000 eighth grade students to examine the effects of playing violent games. Using …

Go to article

Why Do Countries Adopt Fiscal Rules?, John Thornton, Yener Altunbas Dec 2014

Why Do Countries Adopt Fiscal Rules?, John Thornton, Yener Altunbas

John Thornton

This paper examines which economic, institutional and political charac- teristics of countries affect the likelihood that a numeral rule will be adopted as part of a fiscal strategy to limit the level of public debt. We estimate a panel binary response model over the period 1970–2012 for 110 countries, of which 58 opted to adopt such a rule. Our results suggest that the probability such a rule will be adopted is greater if a country has a high level of public debt, a relatively inflexible exchange rate regime, has already adopted inflation targeting, has deep credit markets and if other …

Go to article

Workbook Cover Art, Lindy Scripps-Hoekstra, Gayle Schaub Dec 2014

Workbook Cover Art, Lindy Scripps-Hoekstra, Gayle Schaub

Gayle Schaub

No abstract provided.

Go to article

First Prev Next Last