Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Multi-Objective Optimisation Of Thermal Energy Storage Using Phase Change Materials For Solar Air Systems, Wenye Lin, Zhenjun Ma, Haoshan Ren, Stefan Gschwander, Shugang Wang

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Thermal energy storage (TES) using phase change materials (PCMs) is being widely considered as one of the alternative solutions for effective use of solar energy. This paper presents a multi-objective optimisation strategy for TES systems using PCMs for solar air systems, in which two performance indicators of average heat transfer effectiveness and effective PCM charging time were used as the conflicting objectives. The influence of the key design variables on the performance of an air-based PCM TES system was first experimentally investigated using Taguchi method, and the results were used to develop two performance models for optimisation. A genetic algorithm …

Optimal Learning Group Formation: A Multi-Objective Heuristic Search Strategy For Enhancing Inter-Group Homogeneity And Intra-Group Heterogeneity, Soheila Garshasbi, Yousef Mohammadi, Sabine Graf, Samira Garshasbi, Jun Shen

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

In modern education systems, plenty of research suggests that clustering the learners into optimal learning groups based on their multiple characteristics is a determining effort in enhancing the effectiveness of collaborative learning. Although there have been several evidences on developing and implementing appropriate computational tools to handle classification processes in expert and intelligent systems, the effectiveness and accuracy of optimal grouping algorithms are still worth improving. For instance, the majority of grouping processes in collaborative learning environments is orchestrated through single-objective optimization algorithms, which need to be revisited due to some intrinsic limitations. In this paper, we propose a novel …

Grain Boundary Induced Deformation Mechanisms In Nanocrystalline Al By Molecular Dynamics Simulation: From Interatomic Potential Perspective, Liang Zhang, Yasushi Shibuta, Xiaoxu Huang, Cheng Lu, Mao Liu

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Nanocrystalline metals exhibit many excellent mechanical properties and their underlying deformation mechanisms have been studying widespread. The well-designed atomistic simulations can predict the mechanical behavior of materials ahead of experiments and provide sufficient information on the atomic scale. The choice of appropriate interatomic potential is one of the main concerns of any atomistic simulation that needs to be seriously considered in order to obtain reliable results. In this study, we investigated the mechanical response and the deformation mechanisms of nanocrystalline Al under uniaxial loading by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations with different embedded atom method (EAM) interatomic potentials. The selection of …

Behaviour And Strength Of Bolted Connections Failing In Shear, Matthew Elliott, Lip H. Teh, Aziz Ahmed

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

This paper investigates the behaviour and strength of structural steel bolted connections whose failure modes involve shear yielding and/or fracture. Such failure modes include the shear-out (or tearout) and the block shear failure modes. The use of shear failure planes corresponding to the bolt diameter is shown to result in significant overestimations of the ultimate capacities for bolted connections with reduced or no hole clearance. In contrast, the use of the effective (or active) shear planes are consistently accurate for the specimens with standard, oversize or no clearance bolt holes. The paper points out that the location of fracture initiation …

Shear Strength Of A Vegetated Soil Incorporating Both Root Reinforcement And Suction, Muditha Pallewattha, Buddhima Indraratna, Ana Heitor, Cholachat Rujikiatkamjorn

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Shear strength of the root permeated soil increases due to the mechanical effects of root reinforcement and most of the past studies have been conducted to capture this effect under saturated soil conditions. However, the soil adjacent to the tree roots is usually in an unsaturated condition and this leads to alterations in root-soil interaction mechanisms and associated shear strength of the root permeated soil system. In this paper, the increment in shear strength is studied considering both the effect of suction and root reinforcement patterns. A number of direct shear tests were conducted for different suction levels in root-permeated …

Concrete Strength Reduction Due To Over Compaction, Ryan Howes, Muhammad N. S Hadi, Warren J. South

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of over-compaction on the strength of concrete with regards to commercial and industry practices. Normal concrete, which is commonly used in construction was chosen. Samples were cast using a varying vibration time and testing was performed to determine concrete compressive strength, air content, density and a measure for segregation. These parameters were used to determine the relative sensitivity of concrete to under- versus over-compaction. If segregation was present, it was hypothesized the results would indicate a mathematical relationship between the segregation and strength reduction. This relationship would allow for determination …

Evaluating The Managing Medicines For People With Dementia Website Version 2, Pippa Burns, Judy Mullan, Robyn J. Gillespie, Lindsey Harrison, Khin Than Win, Amanda Ann Baker, Victoria Traynor, Catherine Kostovski, Rhett Jay Thomas-Lee, Holly Gleeson, Frances Horne, Zoran Velev

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

The Managing Medicines for People With Dementia version 2 website was developed in three languages, English, Italian, and Macedonian, to assist informal caregivers in the task of managing medications. Medication management is a complex task with potentially high stakes health outcomes, including hospitalization and death. A mixed-methods evaluation was carried out. A survey was available to site users and Web log data were collected over a 3-month period. Subsequently, the quality and suitability of the information and readability and usability of the Web site were evaluated. Focus groups and interviews were conducted with end users from all three language groups. …

Performance Simulation And Evaluation Of Net Zero Energy Buildings In An Australian Coastal Climate, Joel Anderson, Duane A. Robinson, Zhenjun Ma

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Net zero energy buildings (NZEB) are becoming more common, and as new energy saving designs and technologies become available, the ability to estimate overall energy use and understand the impact on operation of building appliances will become important. This paper outlines simulation results of performance improvements achieved by modifying various components (glazing, lighting, thermal comfort settings) of two tertiary education NZEBs and a typical modern commercial building. The DesignBuilder models' thermal performance and energy consumption were validated using real data from case study buildings. The work shows validating models of smaller, less conven-tional, buildings is more difficult than for larger …

Effects Of Micro Flexible Rolling And Annealing On Microstructure, Microhardness And Texture Of Aluminium Alloy, Mingshuai Huo, Jingwei Zhao, Haibo Xie, Fanghui Jia, Shengli Li, Hongmei Zhang, Zhengyi Jiang

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

The microstructure and texture after plastic deformation are strongly dependent on the corresponding manufacturing process and subsequent annealing which significantly affect the properties of the final products. In this study, 1060 aluminium alloy with a thickness of 464 μm was micro flexibly rolled to a constant thickness ratio of 3.6 by a combined control of the roll gap, the rolling speed and the roll lifting speed. Afterwards, the rolled specimens were subjected to isochronal annealing at a temperature range of 200 to 400 °C for 30 min and isothermal annealing at 400 °C for 10-60 min. Results indicate that the …

Top Sheath Flow-Assisted Secondary Flow Particle Manipulation In Microchannels With The Slanted Groove Structure, Qianbin Zhao, Dan Yuan, Shiyang Tang, Guolin Yun, Sheng Yan, Jun Zhang, Weihua Li

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

In the regime of inertial microfluidics, the secondary flow is widely adopted to reduce the number of the equilibrium position and improve the focusing performance of particles. At the same time, secondary flow can also enhance the mixing effect and may deteriorate particle focusing due to the induced rotating streams, especially for the particle with a small size. In a double-layered microchannel with slanted groove structures, it has been demonstrated that the generated secondary flow at a high flow rate could focus the particle with a large size (> 8 µm). However, the manipulation of small-size particles (< 8 µm) was unsuccessful as the effects of secondary flow on the small-size particles were not strong enough. In this work, to manipulate the small-size particle, we proposed a scheme to utilize a top sheath flow to enhance the focusing efficiency of the structure-induced secondary flow. The effects of the total flow rate and the flow rate ratio between the sheath and sample flow were investigated comprehensively in a large range. The 4.8 µm particle could be manipulated effectively at different flow rates with the assistance of appropriate sheath flows. Besides, the effects of other factors, such as the quantity of the expansion groove structure, and particle concentration and size, on particle focusing performance were also investigated. We found that the particles with the diameter of 2.9 µm can also be effectively focused within the double-layered microchannel. Furthermore, we demonstrated the continuous plasma extraction from the undiluted whole blood using this proposed technique to validate its potential biological applications. The results show that the purity of plasma extracted could reach up to ~ 99% after a single process. As such, this demonstrated that sheath flow-assisted particle manipulating method can overcome the limitations of conventional design and offer much better performance for controlling smaller particles. Such a platform may enable great potential in the applications of biological and diagnostic assays, for bioparticles smaller than the normal cell size.

Physical And Chemical Insights Into Molecular Adsorption Of Copolymer's Monomers On Rutile Surface, Thi D. Ta, Anh Kiet Tieu, Hongtao Zhu, Manh Ha Le, Thi Thuy Huong Ta, Viet Nhan Nghi Tran, Shanhong Wan

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

The adsorption of triblock copolymer's moieties such as DME, 1,2-DME, and 1,2-DMP on a Rutile surface has been studied by DFT. The insights into their adsorption mechanism have been investigated by analyzing various physical and chemical properties such as the adsorption energies, the structural properties, difference of charge density, density of state, bond overlap population, and the atomic partial charge. Dispersion interaction plays a major role on the absorption energy in 1,2-DME, and the upward bridging oxygen configurations of DME and 1,2-DMP; whilst electrostatic and polarization energies are insignificant. A new Ob-Ti bond has been formed from the overlap of …

Use Of Geogrids And Recycled Rubber In Railroad Infrastructure For Enhanced Performance, Buddhima Indraratna, Yujie Qi, Ngoc Trung Ngo, Cholachat Rujikiatkamjorn, Tim Neville, Fernanda Bessa Ferreira, Amir Shahkolahi

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part B

Railway tracks are conventionally built on compacted ballast and structural fill layers placed above the natural (subgrade) foundation. However, during train operations, track deteriorations occur progressively due to ballast degradation. The associated track deformation is usually accompanied by a reduction in both load bearing capacity and drainage, apart from imposing frequent track maintenance. Suitable ground improvement techniques involving plastic inclusions (e.g., geogrids) and energy absorbing materials (e.g., rubber products) to enhance the stability and longevity of tracks have become increasingly popular. This paper presents the outcomes from innovative research and development measures into the use of plastic and rubber elements …

How Do You Like Me Now? Social Media Bridging The Distance In Online Education, Lee Heller

Theses and Dissertations

Distance education has disrupted our educational norm, with students taking more online courses than ever before. Some research has assumed that online students experience a feeling of isolation, disconnect with their institution, and overall, have a diminished educational experience. During the last 10 years, another phenomenon, social media, has also experienced explosive growth, including the largest and most interwoven into modern society: Facebook.

With almost 92% of respondents in this study reporting they use Facebook daily, this study found there was statistical significance (1) between using Facebook for social use and the feelings of isolation; (2) between belonging and participating …

Increased Beta Activity Links To Impaired Emotional Control In Adhd Adults With High Iq, Hui Li, Qihua Zhao, Fang Huang, Qingjiu Cao, Stuart J. Johnstone, Yufeng Wang, Changming Wang, Li Sun

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Objective: The present study investigated the neuropathology of everyday-life executive function (EF) deficits in adults with ADHD with high IQ. Method: Forty adults with ADHD with an IQ ≥ 120 and 40 controls were recruited. Ecological EFs were measured, and eyes-closed Electroencephalograph (EEG) signals were recorded during a resting-state condition; EEG power and correlations with impaired EFs were analyzed. Results: Compared with controls, the ADHD group showed higher scores on all clusters of EF. The ADHD group showed globally increased theta, globally decreased alpha, and increased central beta activity. In the ADHD group, central beta power was significantly related to …

Roll For Initiative: A Player’S Guide To Tabletop Role-Playing Games In Libraries, Carlie Forsythe

FIMS Publications

Independent study exploring the history of tabletop role-playing games, their intrinsic benefits, and how they can be implemented into library collections and programs. I also explore the accessibility of tabletop role-playing games and how they can be made more accessible. To conclude, I present a series of recommendations and valuable resources for librarians and enthusiasts.

Just-In-Time Or Just-In-Case? Time, Learning Analytics, And The Library, Karen P. Nicholson, Nicole Pagowsky, Maura Seale

FIMS Publications

In this essay, we explore the timescapes of library learning analytics. We contend that just-in-time strategies, a feature of late capital modes of production, New Public Management, and future-oriented risk-management strategies inform the adoption of learning analytics. Learning analytics function as a form of temporal governmentality: current performance is scrutinized in order to anticipate future performance and prescribe just-in-time interventions to mitigate risk—not only for the student but also for the institution. Ultimately, we argue that using time as a lens to examine discourses surrounding library learning analytics reveals the temporalities reproduced in this discourse, which obscures questions of power, …

Prologue [To Conversations With Leading Academic And Research Library Directors: International Perspectives On Library Management], Hermina G.B. Anghelescu

School of Information Sciences Faculty Research Publications

No abstract provided.

Bmp Adoption Evergreen Bloomington Data 2015, Joan Brehm

Faculty Publications—Sociology and Anthropology

Data set from Lake Evergreen/Bloomington Watershed Social Assessment, 2015.

United Nations (Un) Mine Action Strategy 2019-2023, Unmas

Global CWD Repository

The United Nations Mine Action Strategy 2019-2023 is an accountability framework for the UN system. The Strategy reflects the collective engagement of the United Nations Inter-Agency Coordination Group on Mine Action (IACG-MA). Members contribute to the objectives of the Strategy in accordance with their respective mandates and ensure the effective integration of mine action within global and country-level coordination mechanisms, including those relevant to humanitarian, peace and security, and development frameworks.

The Waiting List: Addressing The Immediate And Long-Term Needs Of Victims Of Explosive Weapons In Syria., Hi

Global CWD Repository

This report looks at the challenges linked to the use of explosive weapons in the Syrian context for the provision of adequate immediate assistance and to plan for mid- to long-term assistance to the victims of explosive violence, to ensure their full recovery and inclusion into society. It is based on data and testimonies collected from humanitarian agencies, actors and patients across all areas of control in Syria. The testimony of Farah, a Syrian girl injured during the bombing of her school, and of her mother, is shared throughout the report to illustrate the challenges faced by victims.

The report …

Would Karl Marx Support The Existence Of Bitcoin?, Henry Corderman

The First-Year Papers (2010 - present)

No abstract provided.

Contesting Cyberspace In China: Online Expression And Authoritarian Resilience, By Rongbin Han, Gordon Alley-Young

Publications and Research

No abstract provided.

Assessing The Impact Of Factors On Parental Grief Among Older Chinese Parents, Yongqiang Zheng, Leslie Wuest

Faculty Publications - College of Social Work

A sample of 206 older Chinese bereaved parents was recruited and the effects of attachment style, coping strategy, social support, and spirituality on parental grief were investigated utilizing structural equation modeling. The results revealed problem-focused and dysfunctional coping strategy, insecure attachment style, less social support from family and friends would likely lead to higher levels of parental grief. The study explored how the unique context of Chinese culture and policies may shape the severity and duration of parental grief. It provides a baseline to understand the complexity of parental grief in China and to design and improve future interventions

Gay And Lesbian Discrimination In The Workplace: The Role Of Agentic And Communal Trait Expectations, Daniel Krenn

Wayne State University Dissertations

Workplace discrimination is a recurring problem in organizations, particularly in organizational processes such as employee selection. Such discrimination is caused by a variety of factors including stereotyping of people by demographic identities and prejudice against various demographic groups. While federal and local legislation protects many stigmatized groups such as race and gender minorities, sexual minorities are largely unprotected. Previous research on sexual orientation reveals a diverse set of negative experiences. However, evidence for formal discrimination against sexual minorities in personnel selection has been inconclusive. Drawing on Role Congruity Theory, perceived characteristic misfit, cognitive stereotyping, and emotionally influenced prejudicial feelings are …

Distillation Of Sound: Dub In Jamaica And The Creation Of Culture, Eric J. Abbey

Wayne State University Dissertations

In the early 1970s, the culture of Jamaica shifted politically and culturally with the introduction of the mixing board in music. This writing centers on the ways in which technology created a culture of dub reggae that has gone on to affect the world. The major albums and engineers that influenced this change are the focus here. By doing so, we can view how large changes in technology affected the society of Jamaica and how this led to significant cultural development. With Raymond Williams’ definition of culture and Thomas Vendrys’ structure of Dub music, the culture is defined, furthered, and …

The Protective Role Of Parenting Behaviors In The Development Of African American Adolescents, Kelsey Johanna Sala-Hamrick

Wayne State University Dissertations

This dissertation aimed to understand how African American parents protect their teens from developing psychopathology in the face of extreme adversity. To do this, I examined three dimensions of parenting behavior, stress exposure, and behavior problems in order to understand the direct and moderating relations between parenting behaviors, cumulative stress and youth internalizing, externalizing, and total psychological problems. 150 African American primary caregivers reported on their adolescent children’s internalizing, externalizing and total behavior problems, exposure to stressful events, and their own parenting behavior. 150 inner-city African American adolescents reported on their exposure to traumatic stressors and a subsample of 43 …

“I Was Prepared To Stay Here And Die With My Animals”: Pet Owners, Hurricane Harvey, And The Role Of Communication In Disaster Sense-Making, Ashleigh Day

Wayne State University Dissertations

Companion animals (also referred to as “pets”) are omnipresent in society and, increasingly, many companion animals are considered members of the family unit. However, crisis planning, preparedness, and communication efforts are sparse in including pets and their owners/guardians. This study investigates the disaster experience(s) and sense-making process(es) of pet owners (POs) and animal guardians (AGs) that were affected by the 2017 Hurricane Harvey. More specifically, examination pays close attention to the role and function of PO/AG identity and crisis and risk communication in individuals’ sense-making of their disaster experience. Importantly, participant experiences provide the means to examine the larger context …

Arab American Women's Health Study: Correlational And Experimental Examination Of A Sexual Health Interview, Hannah Holmes

Wayne State University Dissertations

Arab Americans are a diverse group of Americans of Arab heritage or identity. Given the underrepresentation of Arab Americans in research and a taboo surrounding sexuality in Arab culture, it is not surprising that Arab American sexual health is understudied, even though sexuality is an important aspect of health. Arab American women face the challenging task of negotiating both their heritage and American culture, which may have implications for sexual health due to the two cultures’ disparate views on sexuality. Given the conflict and taboo likely to surround the topic of sexuality among Arab American women, confidential discussion of these …

Cross-Language Sense Priming, Jennifer M. Blush

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

Research has yet to systematically examine the extent to which activation spreads across multiple senses of words. The two present experiments focused on examining the effects of cross-language sense priming via processing polysemous words in and out of a sentence context. In Experiment 1, participants made semantic verification of word pairs; critical trials contained polysemous words. In Experiment 2, participants read sentences in an eye-tracker with critical sentences containing both instantiations of a polysemous word. Results from both experiments suggested that senses can be primed within and across languages. These results give support for the DFM's interconnective network of conceptual …

The Battle Off The Battlefield: Exploring Medical Cannabis Use Among U.S. Veterans Looking For Relief, Viridiana Edwards

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

This study analyzed the reasons U.S. veterans use cannabis, focusing on what ways cannabis is socially acceptable, what ways it is viewed as deviant, and to what extent veterans are using cannabis for pain and/or mental relief. To answer these questions, an open and closed ended questionnaire was created and was available online. My results showed that U.S. veterans were using medical cannabis due to the negative side effects from the pharmaceutical medication that they were prescribed, physicians not listening to them during their appointments, and for social integration.