Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Frequency-Mixing Detection (Fmd) Of Polarization-Modulated Light, R. M.A. Azzam

Electrical Engineering Faculty Publications

When a light beam whose polarization and intensity are weakly modulated at a frequency ω_m passes through a periodic analyzer of frequency ω_a(<ω_m) and the transmitted flux is linearly detected, the resulting total signal S_t consists of two components: (i) a periodic baseband signal S_bb with harmonics of frequencies nω_a (n = 0,1,2,…) and (ii) an amplitude-modulated-carrier signal δS_mc with center (carrier) frequency ω_m and sideband frequencies at ω_m ± nω_a(n = 1,2,…). In this paper we show that the average polarization of the beam is determined …

Modulated Generalized Ellipsometry, R. M.A. Azzam

Electrical Engineering Faculty Publications

We extend ellipsometry to the direct measurement of small perturbations of the Jones matrix of any linear nondepolarizing optical sample (system) subjected to a modulating stimulus such as temperature, stress, or electric or magnetic field. The methodology of this technique, to be called Modulated Generalized Ellipsometry (MGE), is presented. First an ellipsometer with arbitrary polarizing and analyzing optics is assumed, and subsequently the discussion is specialized to a conventional ellipsometer having either the polarizer-sample-analyzer (PSA) or the polarizer-compensator-sample-analyzer (PCSA) arrangement. MGE provides the tool for the systematic study of thermo-optical, piezo-optical, electro-optical, magneto-optical, and other allied effects for both isotropic …

Wind-Powered Hydrogen Electric Systems For Farm And Rural Use, Final Report, United States Department Of Energy

Agriculture

The objective of this study has been to determine the current technology of a wind-energy conversion system (WECS) of minimal cost for rural applications. Specifically, IGT has evaluated available methods for converting shaft horse-power from a wind turbine to electricity and hydrogen. A workable mix of these two energy forms with storage that can support the energy needs of selected farming operations and the rural home was sought.

Energy load patterns of several farming operations were examined for interfacing with the energy storage and delivery systems that are supplied by wind turbines dependent on the prevalent winds. Several preliminary designs …

Dickey-Lincoln School Lakes Project Power Alternatives Study : Task 1 Report, Acres American Incorporated

Dickey-Lincoln School Lakes Project

This report presents the results of Task 1 of a study undertaken by Acres American Incorporated to evaluate alternative methods of providing electrical energy in lieu of the Dickey-Lincoln School Lakes Project. It is understood that this report will ultimately become part of the "Environmental Impact Statement" for the project.

Dickey-Lincoln School Lakes, Maine, U.S.A. And Quebec, Canada: Design Memorandum No. 3: Hydropower Capacity And Project Economic, New England Division, United States Army Corps Of Engineers

Dickey-Lincoln School Lakes Project

This design memorandum presents the results of current engineering and economic analyses which serve as the basis for the selection of the recommended hydro-power installation at the Dickey-Lincoln School Lakes project. The report includes a summary of data pertinent to hydropower features of the project, projections of electricity needs for the New England Power Supply Areas, a description of the recom-mended power plan and facilities, pertinent data associated with power regulation studies, and the economic and engineering rationale for capacity optimization.

Dickey-Lincoln School Project : Financial Feasibility Study For Electric Power, Southeastern Power Administration, United States Department Of The Interior

Dickey-Lincoln School Lakes Project

Analysis of the power feature of the proposed Dickey-Lincoln School Project finds that sufficient power revenues can be obtained from the sale of power under marketing arrangements consistent with Section 5 of the Flood Control Act of 1944 to repay all costs associated with the production and distribution of the power produced.

Recommendations Of Alternative System Plans And Transmission Corridors For The Dickey/Lincoln School Hydroelectric Project, Vtn Environmental Sciences (Firm), Interior

Dickey-Lincoln School Lakes Project

This second volume of the Assessment of Alternative Power Transmission Corri-dors related to the Dickey Lincoln/School Hydroelectric Project, contains all relevant background materials to support the mapping and analysis of en-vironmental resource information. Narrative explaining what information was evaluated and the sources and reasons for its consideration are integral to this assessment.

An Energy Strategy For New England : Objectives And Implementation, Development Sciences, Inc., New England Regional Commission

Dickey-Lincoln School Lakes Project

This report is a product of the New England Regional Commission's Energy Research and Policy Formulation Program. The goal of the Energy Program is to supply the members of the New England Regional Commission, which is comprised of the six New England Governors and a Federal Co-chairman appointed by the President, with reliable baseline information on New England's energy requirements and vulnerability, and to provide the Governors and the region with viable energy policy options and recommendations to guide New England's energy future.

Fact Sheet : Dickey-Lincoln School Lakes, Maine, New England Division, United States Army Corps Of Engineers

Dickey-Lincoln School Lakes Project

The purpose of the proposed Dickey-Lincoln School Lakes Hydroelectric Project is to convert the natural energy of the upper St. John River in northern Maine for use as a source of electricity to meet future needs of New England consumers.

Recommendations Of Alternative System Plans And Transmission Corridors For The Dickey/Lincoln School Hydroelectric Project, Vtn Environmental Sciences (Firm), Interior

Dickey-Lincoln School Lakes Project

The regional scope of this study (a three state area of approximately 33,000 square miles) necessitated an initial investigation to determine what data was available. Known and potential sources of data were identified through the use of the Environmental Data Reconnaissance Report* prepared by Comitta Frederick Associates for the United States Depart-ment of the Interior in March 1976. The collected data was then analyzed for its accuracy, reliability, mappability and compatibility with the scope of this study.

Transmission Planning Summary : Dickey-Lincoln School Lakes Project Transmission Studies, United States Department Of Interior

Dickey-Lincoln School Lakes Project

This report summarizes the results of system planning, environmental, and location studies for transmission facilities associated with the proposed Dickey-Lincoln School Lakes Project in northern Maine. The studies recommend the construction of two 345-kV transmission circuits from a substation near the project along a route through western Maine into northern New Hampshire and Vermont. The plan will integrate the power produced by the project into the New England Power Pool Transmission System. Five alternate integration plans were identified and studied. Of the five plans, the recommended plan, which calls for the lines to be suspended from a single row of …

Maine Comprehensive Energy Plan, Maine. Office Of Energy Resources

Dickey-Lincoln School Lakes Project

Prepare a comprehensive energy resources plan to be revised and updated at least annually and more often as the Director of the Office of Energy Resources or the State Legislature deem necessary.

Water Resources Development Project, Saint John River Basin : Dickey-Lincoln School Lakes, Maine, U.S.A. And Quebec, Canada : Design Memorandum No. 2 : Hydrology And Hydraulic Analysis, Section Iv - Lincoln School Dam-Spillway Design Flood, Department Of The Army, New England Division, Corps Of Engineers

Dickey-Lincoln School Lakes Project

The first of four sections comprising Design Memo-randum No. 2. The other sections are: II - Dickey Dam - Spillway Design Flood, III - Lincoln School Dam - Spillway Design Flood and IV - Flood Analysis and Reservoir Regulation. la section I, hydro-logic studies will be confined generally to the drainage area of the Saint John River above the gaging station at Fort Kent, Maine. The purpose of section I is to present the climatological and streamflow data for the Saint John River above Fort Kent in order to establish hydrologic criteria for the design of the Dickey and Lincoln …

Pressure Anisotropy Effects On The Stability Of The Guiding Center Model Of The Bumpy Theta Pinch, Michael J. Schmidt

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.

Stability And Spectra Of The Bumpy Theta Pinch, Thomas E. Cayton

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.

Design Of Film-Substrate Single-Reflection Linear Partial Polarizers, R. M.A. Azzam, A.-R. M. Zaghloul, N. M. Bashara

Electrical Engineering Faculty Publications

The results of a preceding paper [J. Opt. Soc. Am. 65, 1464,(1975)] are viewed from a different angleas providing the basis for the design of film-substrate single-reflection linear partial polarizers (LPP),which also operate as reflection optical rotators. The important characteristics of a comprehensive set of discrete designs of SiO₂-Si LPP’s at λ = 6328 Å are shown graphically.

Polarizer-Surface-Analyzer Null Ellipsometry For Film-Substrate Systems, R. M.A. Azzam, A.-R. M. Zaghloul, N. M. Bashara

Electrical Engineering Faculty Publications

Single-pass polarizer-surface-analyzer null ellipsometry (PSA-NE) can be used to characterize film-substrate systems, provided that the film thickness lies within one of a set of permissible-thickness bands (PTB). For a transparent film on a transparent or absorbing substrate, the PTB structure consists of a small number of finite-bandwidth bands followed by a continuum band that extends from a film thickness of about half the wavelength of light to infinity. We show that this band structure is a direct consequence of the periodicity of the ellipsometric function ρ (the ratio R_p/R_s, of the complex amplitude-reflection coefficients for …

Design Of Film—Substrate Single-Reflection Retarders, A.-R. M. Zaghloul, R. M.A. Azzam, N. M. Bashara

Electrical Engineering Faculty Publications

The design steps for film—substrate single-reflection retarders are briefly stated and applied to the SiO₂—Si film—substrate system at wavelength 6328 Å. The criterion of minimum-maximum error of the ellipsometric angle ψ is used to choose angle-of-incidence-tunable designs. Use is made of the (Φ-d) plane (angle of incidence versus thickness) to determine whether a given film—substrate system with known optical properties and film thickness can operate as a reflection retarder and to determine the associated angles of incidence and retardation angles. This leads to the concept of permissible-thickness bands and forbidden gaps for operation of a film—substrate …

Damage Analysis Modified Trac Computer Program (Damtrac), George H. Baker Iii, Alan D. Mcnutt, G. Bradford Shea, David M. Rubenstein

Department of Integrated Science and Technology - Faculty Scholarship

A computer program tailored for EMP damage analysis of solid-state circuitry has been developed by modifying the existing TRAC network analysis program. Modification of the TRAC diode and transistor models to include breakdown parameters and the addition of a semiconductor device parameter library have greatly simplified the analyst's task. An added feature is a subroutine that automatically calculates the amplitude and duration of transient power dissipated in electronic circuit components.

Application Of Generalized Ellipsometry To Anisotropic Crystals, R. M.A. Azzam, N. M. Bashara

Electrical Engineering Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Ellipsometric Function Of A Film-Substrate System: Applications To The Design Of Reflection-Type Optical Devices And To Ellipsometry, R. M.A. Azzam, A.-R. M. Zaghloul, N. M. Bashara

Electrical Engineering Faculty Publications

The ratio ρ = R_p/R_s of the complex amplitude-reflection coefficients R_p and R_s for light polarized parallel (p) and perpendicular (s) to the plane of incidence, reflected from an optically isotropic film-substrate system, is investigated as a function of the angle of incidence ϕ and the film thickness d. Both constant-angle-of-incidence contours (CAIC) and constant-thickness contours (CTC) of the ellipsometric function ρ(ϕ,d) in the complex ρ plane are examined. For transparent films, ρ(ϕ,d) is a periodic function of d with period D_ϕ that is a function of ϕ. …

Prospects For Conversion Of Solar Energy Into Electrical Power, William R. Cherry

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

In 1972, the Solar Energy Panel took a broad look at solar energy across the whole field to see just what could be done with this energy source. Maybe the era of acquiring energy without regard to cost and without regard to consequences of using it is beginning to come to a close and maybe we ought to start looking at the newer sources of energy, even though we need every bit of energy we can get from every source. I am not trying to say we don't need gas, oil, coal and nuclear energy. We are not going to …

Locating Nuclear Power Plants Underground, Frank M. Scott

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

This paper reviews some of the questions that have been asked by experts and others as to why nuclear power plants are not located or placed underground. While the safeguards and present designs make such installations unnecessary, there are some definite advantages that warrant the additional cost involved. First of all, such an arrangement does satisfy the psychological concern of a number of people and, in so doing, might gain the acceptance of the public so that such plants could be constructed in urban areas of load centers. The results of these studies are presented and some of the requirements …

The Associated Electric Cooperative Energy Control System, Douglas W. Arlig

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

Associated Electric Coop, installed a digital computer energy control system in 1971 to improve the economics and security of its power system operation. Since its initial implementation, the new energy control system has been undergoing a continuing evolutionary process. The addition of new data acquisition systems, improved man-machine interfaces, and the development of new, more sophisticated application programs has helped bring the system closer to its goal of reliable, secure, and economic power system operation.

This paper describes Associated's energy control system as it was originally installed, as it is currently operating today, and as it is currently envisioned to …

Clean Fuel From Coal For Electric Power Generation, J. Agosta

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

Several strategies have been studied and applied for the reduction of sulfur-dioxide emissions from power generation sites. These include switching to low sulfur fuels, stack gas processing, and a greater reliance upon nuclear power. One area of interest is the processing of fuel prior to combustion through the total gasification of coal to produce a fuel gas suitable for combustion in utility boilers and gas turbines. Specifically, this paper will deal with need for coal as a fuel in the generation of electric power, the production from coal of a clean power fuel gas of-approximately 150 to 200 Btu and …

Interfaces Of Steam Electric Power Plants With Aquatic Ecosystems, Gerald J. Lauer, William T. Waller, Guy R. Lanza

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

Growth and reproduction may be stimulated by increased temperature in the cooling system and thermal plume during seasons when ambient water temperature is less than optimum, but growth, reproduction and survival are reduced when the elevated temperatures become excessive. Some fish species congregate in the warm thermal plumes during cold seasons but are excluded from this living space by temperatures above their preference in the summer. However, the warm refuge provided by a thermal plume in cold seasons can be a death trap if a power plant shuts down suddenly and exposes the fish to cold shock exceeding their lower …

Mini-Computer Control Of Electrical Energy Demand, Thomas P. Hertel

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

Electrical power demand control results in huge dollar savings for the medium to large user. Meramec Mining Company realizes an average $4,500.00 savings from an average $150,000.00 monthly charge because of demand control efforts.

This paper discusses the planning, designing, implementing, and auditing of the mini-computer system at Meramec Mining Company. No detailed discussion of the actual computer coding is included.

Monitoring And Control Of Electric Power Usage, Robert B. Webb

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

At the Armco Kansas City Works the consumption of Electrical Power is monitored and controlled by a General Purpose Computer located in the Electric Furnace Dept. This computer monitors the power used in the entire plant through the power metering system. The computer can limit the' power to the electric arc melting furnaces and in this manner control the demand level during peak hours. The computer can also detect meter failures. The computer system collects data which enables management to detect and analyze variations in electrical power consumption.

1st Umr-Mec Conference On Energy Resources -- Entire Proceedings, University Of Missouri--Rolla

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

No abstract provided.

A Solar-Hydrogen Energy Conversion Scheme For Agricultural Use, R. L. Reisbig, Jack L. Boone, Gordon E. Weiss, Thomas Van Doren

UMR-MEC Conference on Energy / UMR-DNR Conference on Energy

A solar energy activated system is presented which can produce hydrogen and hydrogen-derived fuels (methanol) for use on farms. The device, named "solar-kine", also can produce fertilizer (anhydrous ammonia) as a byproduct of the hydrogen. A cost analysis shows that solar-kine may be mass-producible and sold to farmers for between $7,200 and $14,700. This is equivalent to giving the fanner energy at a price of $1.79 to $3.66 per million BTU's (in 1974 dollars). Presently (Spring, 1974) regular gasoline used in tractors at 43¢ per gallon, represents a cost to the farmer of $3.77 per million BTU's. As oil-based fuels …