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Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Contemporary Iron Stone Formation Due To Acid Sulfate Soil Processes, Leigh Sullivan, Richard Bush, Edward Burton Sep 2010

Contemporary Iron Stone Formation Due To Acid Sulfate Soil Processes, Leigh Sullivan, Richard Bush, Edward Burton

Associate Professor Edward D Burton

One of the defining factors affecting soil formation is parent material: it may therefore be expected that sulfidic parent materials leave acid sulfate soil ‘inprints' within the soil profiles developing on such parent materials. Indeed, acid sulfate soil processes have been thought to be responsible for relict soil features (e.g. Fanning, pers. comm.; Rabenhorst et al 2004). This presentation describes the occurrence of a contemporary iron stone layer (i.e. an indurated layer cemented by iron minerals) within the channel of the Talbragar River in central New South Wales, in Eastern Australia. A long term study has been conducted at this …


Distributed Web Design, Christy Allen Sep 2010

Distributed Web Design, Christy Allen

Christy Allen

No abstract provided.


Occupier Perceptions Of Green Workplace Environment: The Australian Experience, Hikari Kato, Linda Too, Ann Rask Sep 2010

Occupier Perceptions Of Green Workplace Environment: The Australian Experience, Hikari Kato, Linda Too, Ann Rask

Hikari Kato

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to shed light on the perceptions by occupiers of green workplace environments. It examines how occupiers (both management and employees) perceive and evaluate the role of green workplace environments, and subsequently assesses the effectiveness of a green workplace environment. Design/methodology/approach – The paper relies on a data set derived from a survey of 128 respondents who have occupied Green Building Council Australia's Green Star-rated offices and buildings for more than 12 months. Findings – The findings suggest that green workplace offers greater psychological benefits (taking pride of the workplace environment) to occupiers …


Guest Editors Introduction: Rfid - A Unique Radio Innovation For The 21st Century, Rajit Gadh, George Roussos, K. Michael, George Q. Huang, Shiv Prabhu, Peter Chu Aug 2010

Guest Editors Introduction: Rfid - A Unique Radio Innovation For The 21st Century, Rajit Gadh, George Roussos, K. Michael, George Q. Huang, Shiv Prabhu, Peter Chu

Professor Katina Michael

In 1948, the Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers published Harry Stockman’s seminal work on “communication by means of reflected power,” which many consider as the first paper on RFID. The paper concluded by expressing the expectation that “considerable research and development work has to be done before the remaining basic problems in reflected-power communication are solved, and before the field of useful applications is explored.” It is only appropriate that after more than 60 years following the publication of this work by its progenitor, in this special issue the Proceedings of the IEEE review current developments towards the …


Electrochemical Analysis Of Highly Reactive Pyrite, Kym Watling, Edward Burton, Max Johnston, Richard Bush, Leigh Sullivan Aug 2010

Electrochemical Analysis Of Highly Reactive Pyrite, Kym Watling, Edward Burton, Max Johnston, Richard Bush, Leigh Sullivan

Associate Professor Edward D Burton

Samples of highly reactive pyritic material, exposed during the construction of the Pennsylvania Interstate Highway 99 (I-99) has been characterized by X-ray diffraction, Raman microprobe spectroscopy, electron microscopy and electrochemical methods. Mineral standards of marcasite, arsenopyrite and pyrite were compared in order to determine the cause of rapid generation of acid and liberation of dissolved metals observed in the exposed pyritic material. Linear sweep voltammetry found no significant differences in the electrochemical activity, however, a significantly lower open circuit potential was found in the reactive pyrite material than in the pyrite or marcasite standards. A high concentration of zinc and …


Assessing Environmental Hazards Posed By Acid Sulfate Soil Materials And Other Inorganic Sulfide-Containing Soil Materials: Classification Issues, P Shand, Robert Fitzpatrick, Edward Burton, Richard Bush, Leigh Sullivan Aug 2010

Assessing Environmental Hazards Posed By Acid Sulfate Soil Materials And Other Inorganic Sulfide-Containing Soil Materials: Classification Issues, P Shand, Robert Fitzpatrick, Edward Burton, Richard Bush, Leigh Sullivan

Associate Professor Edward D Burton

No abstract provided.


Monosulfidic Black Ooze In The Peel-Harvey Estuary System: Chemical Composition, Oxidative Behaviour And The Implications For Surface Water Quality, B Morgan, A Rate, Edward Burton, Leigh Sullivan Aug 2010

Monosulfidic Black Ooze In The Peel-Harvey Estuary System: Chemical Composition, Oxidative Behaviour And The Implications For Surface Water Quality, B Morgan, A Rate, Edward Burton, Leigh Sullivan

Associate Professor Edward D Burton

No abstract provided.


New Insights Into Reductive Iron-Sulfur Mineralisation Processes In Acid Sulfate Soil Landscapes, Edward Burton, Richard Bush, Leigh Sullivan Aug 2010

New Insights Into Reductive Iron-Sulfur Mineralisation Processes In Acid Sulfate Soil Landscapes, Edward Burton, Richard Bush, Leigh Sullivan

Associate Professor Edward D Burton

No abstract provided.


Thermal Transformation Of Schwertmanite To Hematite: Anomalous Stored Acidity, S Hendersen, Leigh Sullivan, Richard Bush, Edward Burton Aug 2010

Thermal Transformation Of Schwertmanite To Hematite: Anomalous Stored Acidity, S Hendersen, Leigh Sullivan, Richard Bush, Edward Burton

Associate Professor Edward D Burton

No abstract provided.


Unravelling The Oxidative Geochemistry Of Monosulfidic Black Ooze, Edward Burton, Richard Bush, Leigh Sullivan, Rosalie Hocking, David Mitchell Aug 2010

Unravelling The Oxidative Geochemistry Of Monosulfidic Black Ooze, Edward Burton, Richard Bush, Leigh Sullivan, Rosalie Hocking, David Mitchell

Associate Professor Edward D Burton

No abstract provided.


Impacts Of Climate Change And Sea-Level Rise On Acid Sulfate Soils, Richard Bush, Scott Johnston, Leigh Sullivan, Edward Burton, Colin Ahern, Bernard Powell, Angus Mcelnea, D Smith Aug 2010

Impacts Of Climate Change And Sea-Level Rise On Acid Sulfate Soils, Richard Bush, Scott Johnston, Leigh Sullivan, Edward Burton, Colin Ahern, Bernard Powell, Angus Mcelnea, D Smith

Associate Professor Edward D Burton

No abstract provided.


A Six-Step Sequential Extraction Method For Metal Availability Optimised For Acid Sulfate Soil Materials, Salirian Claff, Leigh Sullivan, Edward Burton Aug 2010

A Six-Step Sequential Extraction Method For Metal Availability Optimised For Acid Sulfate Soil Materials, Salirian Claff, Leigh Sullivan, Edward Burton

Associate Professor Edward D Burton

No abstract provided.


Stop Social Network Pitfalls, K. Michael Aug 2010

Stop Social Network Pitfalls, K. Michael

Professor Katina Michael

Ask a group of teenagers how they spend their spare time and most will mention Facebook, YouTube, World of Warcraft, or Second Life – ‘virtual’ social networks that bring millions of people together online. The benefits of social networks have been touted but what about the pitfalls? Some teens will share everything about themselves to hundreds of online friends, most of whom they have never met. Twitter style prompts like where you are, what you are doing, and who you are doing it with reveal a lot about one’s behaviours, one’s inner thoughts, and even one’s vulnerabilities. Some teens upload …


Forensics Report, Jeffrey Parr, Kathryn Taffs Aug 2010

Forensics Report, Jeffrey Parr, Kathryn Taffs

Jeffrey Parr

No abstract provided.


Holocene Vegetation Dynamics In West New Britain, Png, William Boyd, Carol Lentfer, Jeffrey Parr, C Jago Aug 2010

Holocene Vegetation Dynamics In West New Britain, Png, William Boyd, Carol Lentfer, Jeffrey Parr, C Jago

Jeffrey Parr

No abstract provided.


Improved Identification Of Sulfidic Soil Materials By A Modified Incubation Method, Leigh Sullivan, Nicholas Ward, Richard Bush, Edward Burton Aug 2010

Improved Identification Of Sulfidic Soil Materials By A Modified Incubation Method, Leigh Sullivan, Nicholas Ward, Richard Bush, Edward Burton

Associate Professor Edward D Burton

This study examines the acidification behaviour and rate of sulfidic-sulfur oxidation in the incubation method that is currently used in soil taxonomies to identify sulfidic materials, for some clayey textured soil materials. ‘Sulfidic’ in these taxonomies identifies that a soil material is capable of becoming extremely acidic (i.e. pH < 4) as a result of oxidation of sulfide minerals contained in that soil material. As well as examining incubation slabs of acid sulfate soil materials with the standard 10 mm thickness, the utility of thinner (i.e. 2 mm thick) incubation slabs of these soil materials for identification of sulfidic soil materials …


Reductive Transformation Of Iron And Sulfur In Schwertmannite-Rich Accumulations Associated With Acidified Coastal Lowlands, Edward Burton, Richard Bush, Leigh Sullivan, David Mitchell Aug 2010

Reductive Transformation Of Iron And Sulfur In Schwertmannite-Rich Accumulations Associated With Acidified Coastal Lowlands, Edward Burton, Richard Bush, Leigh Sullivan, David Mitchell

Associate Professor Edward D Burton

We examined the transformations of Fe and S associated with schwertmannite (Fe8O8(OH)6SO4) reduction in acidified coastal lowlands. This was achieved by conducting a 91 day diffusive-flux column experiment, which involved waterlogging of natural schwertmannite- and organic-rich soil material. This experiment was complemented by short-term batch experiments utilizing synthetic schwertmannite. Waterlogging readily induced bacterial reduction of schwertmannite-derived Fe(III), producing abundant pore-water FeII, SO4 and alkalinity. Production of alkalinity increased pH from pH 3.4 to pH 6.5 within the initial 14 days, facilitating the precipitation of siderite (FeCO3). Interactions between schwertmannite and FeII at pH 6.5 were found, for the first time, …


A Sequential Extraction Procedure For Acid-Sulfate Soils: Partitioning Of Iron, Salirian Claff, Leigh Sullivan, Edward Burton, Richard Bush Aug 2010

A Sequential Extraction Procedure For Acid-Sulfate Soils: Partitioning Of Iron, Salirian Claff, Leigh Sullivan, Edward Burton, Richard Bush

Associate Professor Edward D Burton

A new sequential extraction scheme for acid sulfate soil materials has been evaluated for iron partitioning in a range of synthetic iron-bearing minerals and natural acid sulfate soil materials. This sequential extraction procedure employs six steps to quantify (1) exchangeable (magnesium chloride extractable), (2) acid (hydrochloric acid) soluble, (3) reactive organic-bound (pyrophosphate extractable), (4) crystalline oxide (citrate buffered dithionite (CBD)) extractable, (5) pyrite-bound (nitric acid extractable) and (6) residual (acid/peroxide digestible) forms of iron. Given its intended use for acid sulfate soil materials that frequently contain pyrite, a primary aim of this new sequential extraction procedure was to differentiate iron …


Estimating Confidence Intervals For Eigenvalues In Exploratory Factor Analysis, Ross Larsen, Russell Warne Jul 2010

Estimating Confidence Intervals For Eigenvalues In Exploratory Factor Analysis, Ross Larsen, Russell Warne

Russell T Warne

Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) has become a common procedure in educational and psychological research. In the course of performing an EFA, researchers often base the decision of how many factors to retain on the eigenvalues for the factors. However, many researchers do not realize that eigenvalues, like all sample statistics, are subject to sampling error, which means that confidence intervals (CIs) can be estimated for each eigenvalue. In the present article, we demonstrate two methods of estimating CIs for eigenvalues: one based on the mathematical properties of the central limit theorem, and the other based on bootstrapping. References to appropriate …


Lignin Deconstruction For The Production Of Liquid Fuels, R. Andrews, M. Crocker, S. Debolt, M. Meier, Samuel Morton Jul 2010

Lignin Deconstruction For The Production Of Liquid Fuels, R. Andrews, M. Crocker, S. Debolt, M. Meier, Samuel Morton

Samuel A Morton

No abstract provided.


The Planet Of The Thinking Animal: Surviving The 21st Century, Tor Hundloe Jul 2010

The Planet Of The Thinking Animal: Surviving The 21st Century, Tor Hundloe

Tor Hundloe

"Tor Hundloe presents us with two options: change the way we live, or find two more planets to support the world's burgeoning population. With the powerful energy of clever optimism he points the way for this Earth-only option to succeed" (Senator Bob Brown). "We humans are capable of brilliant ideas and inventions, but we have yet to learn the lessons that will prove that we deserve our place on the planet as the thinking animal." (Backcover). The Planet of the Thinking Animal looks to particular countries and groups of countries and examines their economic and environmental policies and activities. It …


Trust Perceptions Of Online Travel Information By Different Content Creators: Some Social And Legal Implications., Stephen Burgess, Carmine Sellitto, Carmen Cox, Jeremy Buultjens Jul 2010

Trust Perceptions Of Online Travel Information By Different Content Creators: Some Social And Legal Implications., Stephen Burgess, Carmine Sellitto, Carmen Cox, Jeremy Buultjens

Carmen Cox

Consumers are increasingly turning to the online environment to provide information to assist them in making purchase decisions related to travel products. They often rely on travel recommendations from different sources, such as sellers, independent experts and, increasingly, other consumers. A new type of online content, user-generated content (UGC), provides a number of legal and social challenges to providers and users of that content, especially in relation to areas such as defamation, misrepresentation and social embarrassment. This paper reports research that examined the level of trustworthiness of online travel information from these different sources. The study used a survey of …


Foreign Bank Efficiency In Australia: What Makes A Difference?, Jan-Egbert Sturm, Barry Williams Jul 2010

Foreign Bank Efficiency In Australia: What Makes A Difference?, Jan-Egbert Sturm, Barry Williams

Barry Williams

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the factors that affect differences in measured efficiency of foreign-owned banks operating in Australia. The relevance of both comparative advantage theory and new trade theory to multinational banking in Australia will be tested.

Design/methodology/approach – A three stage research method is employed. First, estimates of foreign bank efficiency are drawn from a larger sample of domestic and foreign banks in Australia. Efficiency is estimated using parametric distance functions, applying several different specifications of inputs and outputs. Second, factor analysis is used to estimate a series of common factors drawn from …


Business Sustainability And Undergraduate Management Education In Australia, Josie Fisher, Ingrid Bonn Jul 2010

Business Sustainability And Undergraduate Management Education In Australia, Josie Fisher, Ingrid Bonn

Ingrid Bonn

There is a large and rapidly expanding academic literature arguing that there is an urgent requirement for businesses to become more sustainable. There is also a demonstrated need for managers to develop a better understanding of sustainability and the appropriate strategies required to improve business sustainability. In addition, there are international calls for educators to address sustainability in their programs. The aim of this study was to investigate the extent to which business sustainability is being incorporated into undergraduate business and management courses in Australian universities. The high percentage of international students enrolled in these courses suggests our findings have …


A Review Of Procedures To Evolve Quantum Algorithms, Adrian Gepp, Phil Stocks Jul 2010

A Review Of Procedures To Evolve Quantum Algorithms, Adrian Gepp, Phil Stocks

Adrian Gepp

There exist quantum algorithms that are more efficient than their classical counterparts; such algorithms were invented by Shor in 1994 and then Grover in 1996. A lack of invention since Grover’s algorithm has been commonly attributed to the non-intuitive nature of quantum algorithms to the classically trained person. Thus, the idea of using computers to automatically generate quantum algorithms based on an evolutionary model emerged. A limitation of this approach is that quantum computers do not yet exist and quantum simulation on a classical machine has an exponential order overhead. Nevertheless, early research into evolving quantum algorithms has shown promise. …


Business Failure Prediction Using Survival Analysis, Kuldeep Kumar, Adrian Gepp Jul 2010

Business Failure Prediction Using Survival Analysis, Kuldeep Kumar, Adrian Gepp

Adrian Gepp

Accurate business failure prediction models would be extremely valuable to many industry sectors, particularly in financial investment and lending. Recently, there has been a significant increase in interest in business failure prediction, from both industry and academia. Statistical business failure prediction models attempt to predict the failure or success of a business. Discriminant and logit analyses have been the most popular approaches, but there are also a large number of alternative techniques available. In this paper, a comparatively new technique known as survival analysis has been used for business failure prediction. Overall, the results suggest that survival analysis techniques provide …


Occupier Perceptions Of Green Workplace Environment: The Australian Experience, Hikari Kato, Linda Too, Ann Rask Jul 2010

Occupier Perceptions Of Green Workplace Environment: The Australian Experience, Hikari Kato, Linda Too, Ann Rask

Linda Too

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to shed light on the perceptions by occupiers of green workplace environments. It examines how occupiers (both management and employees) perceive and evaluate the role of green workplace environments, and subsequently assesses the effectiveness of a green workplace environment. Design/methodology/approach – The paper relies on a data set derived from a survey of 128 respondents who have occupied Green Building Council Australia's Green Star-rated offices and buildings for more than 12 months. Findings – The findings suggest that green workplace offers greater psychological benefits (taking pride of the workplace environment) to occupiers …


Controlling Balance Decline Across The Menopause Using A Balance-Strategy Training Program: A Randomized, Controlled Trial, S. Fu, Nancy Low Choy, Jennifer Nitz Jul 2010

Controlling Balance Decline Across The Menopause Using A Balance-Strategy Training Program: A Randomized, Controlled Trial, S. Fu, Nancy Low Choy, Jennifer Nitz

Nancy Low Choy

Objective: To evaluate effectiveness and long-term benefits of a specific balance-strategy training program in sedentary women aged 40-60 years and whether participation leads to adoption of a more active lifestyle. Method: Fifty healthy women were admitted to the randomized, controlled trial on the basis of their activity level. Subjects were randomly assigned to an intervention or control group, with the former attending twice-weekly for 12 weeks. Assessments made pre- and post-intervention and at 9 months follow-up included: personal demographics, hormone replacement therapy medication, activity level, balance measures, somatosensory function, ankle flexibility and leg muscle strength. Results: The intervention group showed …


Prognosis Of Acute Myocardial Infarction Complicated By Complete Heart Block (The Worcester Heart Attack Study), Robert Goldberg, Juan Zevallos, Jorge Yarzebski, Joseph Alpert, Joel Gore, Z. Chen, James Dalen Jul 2010

Prognosis Of Acute Myocardial Infarction Complicated By Complete Heart Block (The Worcester Heart Attack Study), Robert Goldberg, Juan Zevallos, Jorge Yarzebski, Joseph Alpert, Joel Gore, Z. Chen, James Dalen

Jorge L. Yarzebski

As part of a community-based study of patients hospitalized with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in the Worcester, Massachusetts, metropolitan area, changes over time in the incidence rates of complete heart block (CHB) complicating AMI, and the prognostic impact of CHB on the in-hospital and long-term survival of these patients were examined. In all, 4,762 patients with validated AMI hospitalized at 16 hospitals in the Worcester metropolitan area during 1975, 1978, 1981, 1984, 1986 and 1988 constituted the study sample. The incidence rates of CHB complicating AMI remained relatively stable at 5.8% over the 13-year (1975 to 1988) period studied. The …


Long-Term Trends (1986-2003) In The Use Of Coronary Reperfusion Strategies In Patients Hospitalized With Acute Myocardial Infarction In Central Massachusetts, Robert J. Goldberg, Frederick A. Spencer, Joseph Okolo, Darleen M. Lessard, Jorge L. Yarzebski, Joel M. Gore Jul 2010

Long-Term Trends (1986-2003) In The Use Of Coronary Reperfusion Strategies In Patients Hospitalized With Acute Myocardial Infarction In Central Massachusetts, Robert J. Goldberg, Frederick A. Spencer, Joseph Okolo, Darleen M. Lessard, Jorge L. Yarzebski, Joel M. Gore

Jorge L. Yarzebski

BACKGROUND: The objectives of our study were to examine long-term (1986-2003) trends in the use of percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) and thrombolytic therapy in the management of patients hospitalized at all Central Massachusetts medical centers with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Our secondary study goal was to examine factors associated with use of these coronary reperfusion strategies. Limited contemporary data are available about changing trends in the use of coronary reperfusion strategies, particularly from a population-based perspective. METHODS: The sample consisted of 9422 greater Worcester (MA) residents hospitalized with AMI at all metropolitan Worcester medical centers in 10 annual periods between …