Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Chemical Trends In The Ice Springs Basalt, Black Rock Desert, Utah, W. C. Lynch, W. P. Nash

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

The Holocene Ice Springs volcanic field of west-central Utah consists of 0.53 km3 of tholeitic basalts erupted as a sequence of nested cinder cones and associated lava flows. Whole rock x-ray fluorescence and atomic absorption analysis of ninety-six samples of known relative age document statistically significant inter- and intra- eruption chemical variations. Elemental trends include increases in Ti, Fe, Ca, P, and Sr and decreases in Si, K, Rb, Ni, Cr, and Zr with decreasing age. Microprobe analyses of microphenocrysts of olivine, plagioclase, and Fe-Ti oxides and of groundmass olivine, plagioclase, and clinopyroxene indicate limited chemical variation between mineral assemblages …

Structure And Petrology Of Tertiary Volcanic Rocks Near Etna, Utah, Kent W. Smith

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Three volcanic domes and related volcanic rocks of Tertiary age are located near Etna, Utah, in Box Elder County. The domes follow a north-south trend and are fault controlled. Flow structure indicates a change from a less viscous, flow-forming lava which produced an exogenous dome to a more viscous lava which formed endogenous domes. Associated pyroclastic deposits are negligible. The volcanic rocks are composed of porphyritic rhyolite and rhyolitic vitrophyre having phenocrysts of quartz, sanidine, plagioclase and biotite with minor amounts of Fe-Ti oxides, hypersthene, allanite and calcic amphibole. Quartz and sanidine phenocrysts are generally embayed whereas plagioclase phenocrysts are …

A Confidence Interval Estimate Of Percentile, How Coung Jou

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The confidence interval estimate of percentile and its applications were studied. The three methods of estimating a confidence interval were introduced. Some properties of order statistics were reviewed. The Monte Carlo Method -- used to estimate the confidence interval was the most important one among the three methods. The generation of ordered random variables and the estimation of parameters were discussed clearly. The comparison of the three methods showed that the Monte Carlo method would always work, but the K-S and the simplified methods would not.

Determining Initial Values For Stiff Systems With Incomplete Initial Data, Yech-Kuang Ning

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Stiff differential equations frequently arise in physical problems due to the existence of greatly differing time constants. One way of solving stiff differential equations is taking the step size very small, another way is using an A-stable or stiffly stable implicit method. The purpose of this thesis is to discuss the method of determining initial values for stiff systems. The algorithm was motivated by a problem from ionospheric physics in which some of the initial values are unknown. If we give those unknown initial values an arbitrary number and integrated with those values, we have an initial transient. However, if …

Extreme Value Distribution In Hydrology, Bill (Tzeng-Lwen) Chen

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The problems encountered when empirical fit is used as the sole criterion for choosing a distribution to represent annual flood data are discussed. Some theoretical direction is needed for this choice. Extreme value theory is established as a viable tool for analyzing annual flood data. Extreme value distributions have been used in previous analyses of flood data. However, no systematic investigation of the theory has previously been applied. Properties of the extreme value distributions are examined. The most appropriate distribution for flood data has not previously been fit to such data. The fit of the chosen extreme value distribution compares …

Geology, Characteristics, And Resource Potential Of The Low Temperature Geothermal System Near Midway, Wasatch County, Utah, James F. Kohler

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Recent awareness of the finite nature of fossil-fuel resources has resulted in an increased interest in alternate sources of energy such as geothermal. To evaluate the geothermal energy potential of the hot-springs system near Midway, Wasatch Co., Utah, consideration was given to heat flow, water chemistry, and structural controls.

Abnormal heat flow was indicated qualitatively by snow-melt patterns and quantitatively by heat-flow measurements that were obtained from two of four temperature-gradient wells drilled in the area. These measurements indicated that the area north of the town of Midway is characterized by heat flow equal to 321.75 mW/m², which …

Effects Of Pesticides On Immune Competency: Influence Of Methyl Parathion And Carbofuran On Immunologic Responses To Salmonella Typhimurium Infection, Anna M. Fan

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Immunologic competence is correlated with resistance to infectious disease which may be affected by exposure to certain compounds. Methyl parathion (MP) and carbofuran (CF) have been reported to affect the development of active immunity in the rabbit and the present research was conducted to quantify the dosage relationships of these two pesticides to both host resistance and acquired resistance in the mouse.

Preliminary study was made on the virulence of Salmonella typhimurium in mice. Mortality rates among infected animals fed Purina Laboratory Chow diet providing 0.08, 0.7 3.0 mg MP/kg/day or 0.1, 0.6, 1.0 mg CF/kg/day along with untreated controls …

Resource Partitioning In Breeding Populations Of Marsh Hawks And Short-Eared Owls, Susan C. Linner

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

During the 1979 breeding season four pairs of northern harriers, or marsh hawks (Circus cyaneus) and four pairs of short-eared owls (Asio flammeus) were studied in Cache Valley, Utah. The study was concerned solely with diurnal resource utilization, and did not examine the owls' nocturnal activities. The home range of each harrier pair overlapped substantially with that of an owl pair. Percent habitat overlap for hawk-owl pairs varied from 39 percent to 72 percent. Observations were made to determine if differences existed in their utilization of habitat and food resources, or in their daily and seasonal …

Relationship Between Rainfall And Storm Runoff For Selected Arizona Watersheds, Robert James Anderson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The relationship between rainfall and runoff was examined for twelve selected Arizona watersheds. Expedient runoff volume model coefficients and runoff curve number model parameters were examined using standardized structure, with modifications to adjust the model for small initial abstractions and large watershed storage capacity.

Forest-land management practices were examined for their effects on curve number coefficients. The effects of rainfall characteristics were also evaluated with respect to changes they induce in curve number populations.

Evaluations included a runoff fraction, a simple multiplier of storm volume to produce runoff volume. The accuracy of this model is promising for more permeable watersheds.

Characteristics And Genesis Of Certain Soils In The Southern Foothills Of Central Alborz, Iran, Firouz Rooyani

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Characteristics and genesis of five pedons representing some of the soils of the central Alborz mountain northeast of Tehran were investigated. The present climate of the area is similar to the Mediterranean climate. The parent materials for the soils under study have apparently been derived from the Ecocene Alborz Green Beds (a thinly bedded light green mudstone), the Pliocene Hezardareh Formation (a poorly-cemented conglomerate) and Recent alluvium and colluvium. Pedons 2 and 4 are located at lower elevations (plain and river terraces) on 1 to 2 percent slopes. Pedons 3 and 5 are located at higher elevations (hills that surround …

Growth, Morphology, Habit And Habitat Of Selected Brachiopod And Mollusc Species From The Meade Peak Member Of The Phosphoria Formation, Permian, Northeastern Utah - Southeastern Idaho - Southwestern Wyoming, Scott Lewis Russell

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The Permian Meade Peak Member of the Phosphoria Formation was examined at four localities in this investigation. Fossils were collected at each locality. The four collecting localities visited in this investigation are: Brazier Canyon, Utah, Montpelier Canyon, Idaho, Coal Canyon, Wyoming, and Cokeville, Wyoming.

The environment of deposition of the Meade Peak Member in the study area is inferred to have been an outer shelf or basin characterized by moderately deep and quiet water. This has aided reconstruction of life habits, population dynamics, and growth characteristics of the examined species.

The articulate brachiopod Leiorhynchoidea weeksi is inferred to have attached …

Effects Of Host Plant Patch Size And Surrounding Plant Type On Insect Population Dynamics, Lynn A. Maguire

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of the present study was to investigate how plant spatial patterns and insect behavior interact to influence the population dynamics of insects using the plants. The study included three phases: l) field experiments using collards (Brassica oleracea) and the crucifer insect fauna; 2) simulation models representing the population dynamics of an insect herbivore as functions of insect dispersal behavior and host plant patch size; and 3) model-field syntheses integrating model predictions and field variability estimates to choose an appropriate spatial scale for future field experiments or applications.

In field experiments on surrounding plant type, collards were …

Chlorophyll Fluorescence Probe Of Ultraviolet-B Photoinhibition Of Primary Photoreactions In Intact Leaves, Robert S. Nowak

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Damage to primary photosynthetic reactions caused by environmental stress can be assessed by measurement of chlorophyll fluorescence induction in intact leaves. This approach was applied in studies of ultraviolet-B photoinhibition of photosynthesis in Pisum sativum L. and Rumex patientia L. leaves. At ultraviolet-B dose rates insufficient to cause inhibition of net photosynthesis, changes in the magnitude of fluorescence transients did occur, which suggested direct effects on chloroplast pigments in Pisum and inhibition of photosynthetic electron transport between the photosystems in both species. Leaves of these two species subjected to a much higher dose rate had a significant reduction of net …

Production Of Mountain Whitefish (Prosopium Williamsoni) In Altered And Unaltered Reaches Of Two Intermountain Streams In Their Alluvial Flood Plains, Michael J. Ottenbacher

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Estimates of production and related parameters (growth rate, density, standing crop) were made for populations of mountain whitefish in altered and "unaltered" areas of the Blacksmith Fork and Logan River, Utah from spring 1975 through summer 1976. Capture records of marked whitefish were also analyzed to describe fish movement and check on assumptions implicit in the population estimator.

Mean weights and instantaneous growth rates of whitefish were similar at all sites for comparable size/age groups. Among sites, differences in production per sampling interval and annual production were due mainly to differences in standing crop and/or age structure.

Estimates of mountain …

Evaluation Of Multivariate Homogenous Arma Model, Lucy Chienhua Tseng

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this thesis is to study a restricted multivariate AFRMA model, called the Homogeneous Model. This model is defined as one in which each univariate component of the multivariate model is of the same order in p and q as it is in the multivariate model.

From a mathematical respect, multivariate ARMA model is homogeneous if, and only if, its coefficient matrices are diagonal. From a physical respect, the present observation of a phenomenon can be modeled only by its own past observation and its present and past "errors."

The estimation procedures are developed based on maximum likelihood …

Exact Analysis Of Variance With Unequal Variances, Noriaki Yanagi

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this paper was to present the exact analysis of variance with unequal variances. Bishop presented the new procedure for the r-way layout ANOVA. In this paper, one and two way layout ANOVA were explained and Bishop's method and Standard method were compared by using a Monte Carlo method.

Assessment Of The Radiological Impact Of The Inactive Uranium-Mill Tailings At Mexican Hat, Utah, F. F. Haywood, W. A. Goldsmith, B. S. Ellis, H. M. Hubbard Jr., W. F. Fox, W. H. Shinpaugh, Oak Ridge National Laboratory

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

High surface soil concentrations of 226Ra and high above-ground measurements of gamma-ray intensity in the vicinity of the inactive uranium-mill tailings at Mexican Hat show both wind and water erosion of the tailings. The former mill area, occupied by a trade school at the time of this survey, shows a comparatively high level of contamination, probably from unprocessed ore on the surface of the ore storage area near the location of the former mill buildings. However, the estimated health effect of exposure to gamma rays during a 2000-hr work year in the area represents an increase of 0.1% in the …

Factorial Analysis Of Variance And Covariance On A Minicomputer, Ladonna Black Kemmerle

All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023

Statistical analysis of large data sets is commonly performed on computers using one of the many available programs. Most of these programs have been written for computers with internal storage large enough to handle nearly any data set. Recently, however, there has been a trend to computers with more limited storage capabilities. New programs must be written or old programs adapted so that large data sets may also be analyzed on these smaller machines.

This report describes a program to analyze data from a balanced experiment of crossed and/or nested design. It was written for the Data General Nova minicomputer …

Shallow Water Problem, Shu-Chen Li

All Graduate Plan B and other Reports, Spring 1920 to Spring 2023

The equations in shallow water over an obstacle are nonlinear hyperbolic differential equations. We use the method of lines and GEARB package to numerically solve this problem.

The Relationship Of Food Conversion Efficiency And Growth Potential In Juvenile Mosquitofish, Gambusia Affinis, Joseph J. Cech Jr., Michael J. Massingill, Wayne A. Wurtsbaugh

Watershed Sciences Faculty Publications

New information concerning respiratory metabolic rates of juvenile mosquitofish (i = 915 mg 02 kg-1 h-1 at 20° C) was applied to existing data on mosquitofish respiration and combined with findings on growth and food consumption rates to determine percentages of net ingested energy used for growth and respiration over a 10- 35° C temperature range. The energy percentage used by mosquitofish for respiration was minimized at 25-30° C while that used for growth (= food conversion efficiency) was maximized at the same temperature. A calculated growth potential index, derived from an overall energy balance equation, was also maximized at …

High-Latitude Convection: Comparison Of A Simple Model With Incoherent Scatter Observations, Jan Josef Sojka, J. C. Foster, W. J. Raitt, Robert W. Schunk, J. R. Doupnik

All Physics Faculty Publications

We have compared a simple model of plasma convection at high latitudes with data obtained from simultaneous measurements made by the incoherent scatter facilities at Chatanika, Alaska and Millstone Hill, Massachusetts in June 1978 during moderately disturbed conditions. The measured horizontal plasma drift velocities were averaged for four days to emphasize gross features of the convection pattern and reduce the effects of substorms. The convection model includes the offset of 11.5° between the geographic and geomagnetic poles, the tendency of plasma to corotate about the geographic pole, and a constant dawn/dusk magnetospheric electric field mapped to a circle about a …

Use Of Extreme Value Theory In Estimating Flood Peaks From Mixed Populations, Ronand V. Canfield, D. R. Olsen, R. H. Hawkins, T. L. Chen

Reports

The flood magnitude for a given frequency or return period is estimated by fitting a probability distribution to the historical annual flood series. The log-Pearson type III distribution has been selected by the Water Resources Council for general use by the federal government, but practitioners should examine an annual flood series and use alternative distributions where they will produce better estimates. Empirical goodness of fit is one criterion for choosing a distribution, but the reasonableness of the assumptions theoretically associated with the form of the distribution should also be considered. In theory, extreme-value distributions are particularly applicable to flow series …

Municipal Water Resources Analysis For Area Potentially Impacted By Mx Missile Complex In Utah, Trevor C. Hughes, V. A. Narasimhan, William J. Grenney, L. Douglas James

Reports

Scope of Report: This report analyzes the impact of the proposed MX Missile complex upon existing municipal water supply and waste treatment systems serving selected communitites either near the perimeter or within the Utah portion of the proposed MX complex boundary. As can be seen from the location map in Figure 1, possible sites for elements within the total MX missile complex have been identified in 14 Utah desert valleys in the five counties, from north to south, of Tooele, Juab, Millard, Beaver, and Iron. The 60,000 people, who live in these counties according to the 1975 census, are largely …

A Comparison Of Model Predictions For Plasma Convection In The Northern And Southern Polar Regions, Jan Josef Sojka, W. J. Raitt, Robert W. Schunk

All Physics Faculty Publications

We have presented model calculations to show how the plasma flow distributions in the northern and southern polar regions differ when viewed from a geographic inertial frame. This reference frame was selected because it is the natural frame for geophysical plasma flow measurements, there being well-known velocity corrections for either satellite or ground-based observations. Although the magnetic invariant latitude, magnetic local time reference frame is better suited to studying magnetospheric processes, a transformation from the geographic inertial frame to this magnetic frame requires both a spatial and velocity transformation, and since the latter correction has generally been neglected, we prefer …

Plasma Line Measurements At Chatanika With High-Speed Correlator And Filter Bank, W. Kofman, Vincent B. Wickwar

All Physics Faculty Publications

In the spring and fall of 1978 we made an extensive series of plasma line and correlative observations with the Chatanika incoherent scatter radar. To make these measurements, we greatly modified the radar receiving system. In addition to enlarging the plasma line filter bank the most significant change was the incorporation of a high-speed correlator provided by the French. This was the first use of a correlator in a monostatic radar to obtain the intensity spectra of naturally occurring plasma lines. In this paper we develop the signal-processing theory that we use to obtain the plasma line intensities from these …

Evaluation Of Livestock Runoff As A Source Of Water Pollution In Northern Utah, Stephen T. Wieneke, Dennis B. George, Daniel S. Filip, Brad Finney

Reports

A mathematical model was developed to predict the impact of dairy and beef cattle feedlot runoff on receiving streams. The mathematical expressions used in the model describing runoff quantity and quality were not only a function of single rain or snow precipitation events but also consecutive events prior to the runoff occurrence. The runoff quantity and quality were also a function of feedlot surface. Computer simualtions indicate that pollutants from feedlot runoff may have a significant impact on receiving streams during winter months. Runoff from feedlots located within the study area, however, had little impact on water quality in the …

Flood Damage Mitigation In Utah, L. Douglas James, Dean T. Larson, Daniel H. Hoggan, Terrence L. Glover

Reports

Utah is subjected to flash flooding in mountain canyons, mudflows and shallow water flooding on lowlands at the canyon outlets, storm water flooding after thunderstorms in urban areas, and prolonged periods of inundation in certain lowland areas during snowmelt periods. In response to these problems, individuals are making private land use and flood proofing decisions, larger communities have storm water collection programs, three federal agencies are involved in structural flood control, and the Federal Emergency management Agency is managing a National Flood Insurance Program designed to promote community floodplain management efforts. A framework was deceloped of the dynamically interactive feedback …

Principles Of Lake Quality Management, D. B. Porcella

Reports

No abstract provided.

Management Of The Hydrologic System In Areas Subject To Coal Mining Activities, Rollin H. Hotchkiss, Eugene K. Israelsen, J. Paul Riley

Reports

Publicity given to the detrimental effects of mining activities on the environment has tended to overshadow somewhat the hydrologic opportunities and benfits that could be associated with these activities. For example, many areas disturbed by surface mining have proved to be excellent recharge areas for groundwater aquifers. The degree to which mine sites can be exploited to improve management of the hydrologic system depends on both the local geology and the mining techniques used. The report examines the effects of present mining activities on the associated hydrology system, and identifies specific mining procedures and management techniques which not only minimize …

Evaluation Of Particular Mulches As Plant Growth Media And Erosion Inhibitors, C. Earl Israelson, William F. Campbell, Eugene K. Israelsen, Ronald V. Canfield, David Ianson

Reports

Introduction: Increasing public awareness of the desireability of protecting the environment from soil erosion caused by wind and water has centered attention on large construction projects such as highways and housing subdivisions, as well as on individual building sites and parking lots. If unattended, sediment produced from these areas pollutes surface water, restricts drainage, fills reservoirs, damages adjacent land, and upsets the natual ecology of lakes and streams. The search continues for products and practices that will prevent or lessen the amount of sediment leaving construction sites. Products currently in use include chemical as well as organic materials, and they …