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Articles 2071 - 2100 of 2158

Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

A Study Of The Camphor Method For Molecular Weight Determinations, Harvey Douglas Boynton Jun 1943

A Study Of The Camphor Method For Molecular Weight Determinations, Harvey Douglas Boynton

Honors Theses

The determination of molecular weights accurately and quickly is of prime imporatance in analytical and organic chemistry. This problem has been attacked from many angles, the greatest success being found in cryoscopy. Man of the customary organic solvents have been used for cryoscopic determinations; they all have their advantages and limitations. These solvents in general give a very low freezing point depression. Camphor is dinstinguished from these in that it gives an unusally large freezing point depression, 40 degrees for a molal solution, and it is suited by a considerale dissolving power up to moderate concentrations.

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The Reactions Of L-Chloro-L-Nitro Propane In Anhydrous Liquid Ammonia, James S. Gilmore Jun 1943

The Reactions Of L-Chloro-L-Nitro Propane In Anhydrous Liquid Ammonia, James S. Gilmore

Honors Theses

In 1939 Seigle and Hass were successful in preparing numerous dinitro paraffins such as 2, 3-dimethyl-2, 3-dinitro butane and 2, 3-dimethyl-2, 3-dinitro pentane by the reaction of salts of nitroparaffins with halonitroparaffins. They were unable to do so however, in the cases where primary nitro compounds were involved. More recently, in an unpublished work Sottysiak believed that he prepared the 2, 3-dimethyl-2, 3-dinitro butane by a Wurtz reaction in liquid ammonia, in which 2-nitro-2-chloro propane was reduced by sodium. Because of the strong reducing properties of a solution of sodium in anhydrous liquid ammonia, it was hoped that the 3, …

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A Study Of The Possible Formation Of A Mixed Hydrogel Of Zirconia And Silica, Irving Goodman Jun 1943

A Study Of The Possible Formation Of A Mixed Hydrogel Of Zirconia And Silica, Irving Goodman

Honors Theses

Of course in this paper we are also interested in the gel of hydrated silica, which has been studied here thoroughly for several years. A discussion of the theory and work on this subject would take up too much time and space, since this field has been much more widely studied than any other in the field of gels. Reference to Hurd’s “Theories for the Mechanism of the Setting of Silicic Acid Gels” presents a complete summary of the theory behind the setting of this gel.

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The Yellow Pigment In The Flower Petals Of Bird's Foot Trefoil (Lotus Corniculatus L.), David K. Blake Jr. Jun 1942

The Yellow Pigment In The Flower Petals Of Bird's Foot Trefoil (Lotus Corniculatus L.), David K. Blake Jr.

Honors Theses

Bird's foot trefoil is a low growing, bushy legume which is gaining popularity as a forage plant. Its small sweet-pea-like blossoms are bright yellow, bearing a few thing scarlet lines along the standard (the topmost petal). The buds are scarlet-tipped, the scarlet disappearing as the flower matures. For this investigation, the flowers were picked when mature, or nearly so, then were air-dried at 20-30 degrees celsius. The petals were not separated from the calyx.

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An Investigation Of The Synthesis And Physical Properties Of Some Halogenated-Dinitromethanes, Charles O. Bostwick Jun 1942

An Investigation Of The Synthesis And Physical Properties Of Some Halogenated-Dinitromethanes, Charles O. Bostwick

Honors Theses

Work has been done on the synthesis and physical properties ot the dichlor- (1), dibrom- (2), and bromchlor- {3) dinitromethanes. However no reports could be found on the synthesis of nitromethanes containing fluorine. In this research, attempts were made to replace the bromine atoms in dibromdinitromethane with fluorine atoms by means or various fluorinating agents available. Some of the physical constants of the dibrom-, bromchlor-, and monobrom- dinitromethanes were determined in order to obtain fairly accurate values for comparison with the products from various reactions. The by-products from the synthesis of dibromd1n1tromethane were also studied.

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Determination Of Heat Of Reaction In The Setting Process For Silicic Acid Gels, Mason Kronick Jun 1942

Determination Of Heat Of Reaction In The Setting Process For Silicic Acid Gels, Mason Kronick

Honors Theses

The underlying purpose of this work was to gain a further insight into the mechanism of the setting of silicic acid gels. The primary purpose was to determine the heat of reaction during the setting process for the gels. Previous investigators have sought to determine the structure of gels by investigating the effect of certain factors as: temperature, concentration of both acid and silica, pH, and addition of soluble organic and inorganic materials on the time of set. Certain properties of the silicic acid gels have bearing on the theories for the mechanism of the setting process. These properties are …

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Elasticity And Plastic Flow Of Silicic Acid Gels, Clarence Kenneth Lasher Jun 1942

Elasticity And Plastic Flow Of Silicic Acid Gels, Clarence Kenneth Lasher

Honors Theses

Rubber is a very common example of a substance which has both elastic and plastic properties. If a rubber band is placed over two pegs, it is stretched and behaves elastically. There will be a certain tension in the rubber band but as time goes on, this tension lessens. The rubber has undergone a certain amount of plastic flow. It has been the purpose of this research to study the analogous situation in the case of silicic acid gels.

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The Effect Of Electrolytes On The Viscosity And Time Of Set Of Silicic Acid Gels, John W. Rhoades Jun 1942

The Effect Of Electrolytes On The Viscosity And Time Of Set Of Silicic Acid Gels, John W. Rhoades

Honors Theses

This thesis contains the results of experiments of the effects of electrolysis of the viscosity and time of set of silicic acid gels.

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Heats Of Solution Of Halogen Methanes In Liquid Ammonia, Robert W. Davison Jun 1942

Heats Of Solution Of Halogen Methanes In Liquid Ammonia, Robert W. Davison

Honors Theses

Introductory experiments were carried out to see just which halogen methane derivatives, if any, produce heat changes when dissolved in liquid ammonia. There are indications given in the chemical literature to expect that certain of the halogen methanes should dissolve in liquid ammonia with the evolution or absorption of heat. This present research work involved investigation of such compounds as chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, bromoform, and also iodoform. Only introductory heat measurements were made. More work must be done to confirm and enlarge upon results presented here.

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The Preparation Of Chlorobromo Dinitromethane And Its Reaction With Liquid Ammonia, Edward N. Case Jun 1941

The Preparation Of Chlorobromo Dinitromethane And Its Reaction With Liquid Ammonia, Edward N. Case

Honors Theses

The nitro-alkyls have been recorded in the literature for many years. The preparation of the lowest completely nitrated hydrocarbon, tetranitromethane, from acetic acid, acetic anhydride, and fuming nitric acid, has been described by Berger. (1) On reaction with liquid ammonia it forms a salt of nitroform (2). Nitroform can be converted into tetranitromethane by dissolving in a heated mixture of fuming nitric and concentrated sulfuric acids (4). The potassium salt of dinitromethane has been prepared by Villiers (3). This method for the formation of chlorobromo dinitromethane was the one used in this work.

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Investigation Of The Etching Patterns Of Silicic Acid Gels, Stephen H. Laning Jun 1941

Investigation Of The Etching Patterns Of Silicic Acid Gels, Stephen H. Laning

Honors Theses

It was found that dissolving silicic acid gels on glass surfaces with strong sodium hydroxide, peculiar etching patterns were formed before the gel dissolved. The observation lead to the study of the etching patterns by photographs and other data for it was believed that these patterns would reveal the structure of the gel.

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Thermal Reversibility Of Silicic Acid Gels, John H. Spittle Jun 1941

Thermal Reversibility Of Silicic Acid Gels, John H. Spittle

Honors Theses

The purpose of this research paper is to find out whether a silicic acid gel may be made which will be reversible with respect to temperature; that is, whether there is a gel which may be liquefied by heating or cooling.

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A Study Of The Effect Of Certain Variables On The Titration Of Silicic Acid, James S. Walker Jun 1940

A Study Of The Effect Of Certain Variables On The Titration Of Silicic Acid, James S. Walker

Honors Theses

If a solution of sodium silicate is titrated with a strong acid, using methyl orange as an indicator, a very different end point is obtained from that obtained using phenolphthalein as an indicator. This difference is well established as being due to the ionization of silicic acid, either acidically or basically after the soda in the silicate has been neutralized by the strong acid. It was the intention of the experimenter to study this acid from the standpoint of the effect of certain variables, in the titration of sodium silicate with a strong acid, on the end points obtained.

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The Preparation Of Symnetrical Tri Aryl Phosphines, George Brandes Jun 1940

The Preparation Of Symnetrical Tri Aryl Phosphines, George Brandes

Honors Theses

The purpose of this research project was the preparation of pure, symmetrical aromatic phosphines. These were to be used in dipole moment measurements for the calculation of the spatial arrangement of the carbon-phosphorus valence bond in the phosphines.

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Concerning The Volume Change Resulting From The Sol-Gel Transformation Of Silicic Acid, Joseph Berg Jun 1940

Concerning The Volume Change Resulting From The Sol-Gel Transformation Of Silicic Acid, Joseph Berg

Honors Theses

The subject matter of this thesis is concerned with a study of the volume change observed during the period of transition, from the sol to the gel state, of silicic acid.

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The Reaction Of Diphenyl Cadium With Phosphorus Trichloride, Alfred Henry Case Jun 1940

The Reaction Of Diphenyl Cadium With Phosphorus Trichloride, Alfred Henry Case

Honors Theses

Any study of the stereochemistry of tricovalent atoms would necessarily involve members of the third and fifth periodic groups. Tertiary phosphines with heavy groups would be most valuable for this work since phosphorus seems to be better suited to exhibit asymmetry than any other element of the fifth group. (24) It is believed that the heavy groups would slow down the oscillations of the phosphorus atom and make possible the resolution of the optical isomers. The purpose of this investigation was a further study of this possibility, particularly the reaction of organo-cadmium compounds with phosphorus trichloride. In this case two …

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A Study Of The Physical Properties Of Dibromdinitromethane And Its Reaction In Liquid Ammonia, Quintin Perry Cole Jun 1940

A Study Of The Physical Properties Of Dibromdinitromethane And Its Reaction In Liquid Ammonia, Quintin Perry Cole

Honors Theses

Although there are at least half a dozen methods of preparing dibromdinitromethane given in the literature (1), the only physical properties mentioned are freezing and boiling points. Hence, after making the compound in order to study its reaction in liquid ammonia, data was obtained on other physical characteristic.

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Setting Of Silicic Acid Gels In An Alkaline Medium, Frank James Alois Jun 1940

Setting Of Silicic Acid Gels In An Alkaline Medium, Frank James Alois

Honors Theses

As this piece of research essentially is a check Pomatti’s (1) only half as many points were taken. The time of set of silicic acid gels was carefully taken as the alkalinity of the medium was allowed to increase while the total volume of the gel was maintained constant. The runs were taken at three different temperatures so that temperature effects could be observed. Naturally enough, the pH’s of the gels were taken to place this work on quantitative basis. All pH measurements were accomplished by means of the colorimetric method which was first employed by Pomatti.

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Co-Precipitation Of Manganese With Calcium Phosphate, Joseph Francis Collins Jun 1940

Co-Precipitation Of Manganese With Calcium Phosphate, Joseph Francis Collins

Honors Theses

This investigation was undertaken to study, in a preliminary way, the effect of precipitating tricalcium phosphate in the presence of manganous salts. Certain facts in relation to manganese deficiency in the diet of fowls, giving rise to perosis, makes the problem of interest in view of the work carried out at the Agricultural Experiment Station at Colorado State College. (3). It has been known for a long time that a diet high in calcium produces perosis which can be corrected by peritoneal injection of manganese. (1). C. D. Caskey and L. C. Norris (2) have found that in the presence …

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A Study Of The Formation Of Gels Of Hydrated Zirconia, Walter Addison Fallon Jun 1940

A Study Of The Formation Of Gels Of Hydrated Zirconia, Walter Addison Fallon

Honors Theses

As silica gels and titania gels have been prepared and studied, it seemed logical that this investigation could be extended to zirconia gels. It has been the purpose of this research to determine the conditions necessary for the formation of zirconia gels and to initiate the investigation of their characteristics.

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The Viscosity Of Silicic Acid Gels, William George Gormley Jun 1940

The Viscosity Of Silicic Acid Gels, William George Gormley

Honors Theses

Gelation is that phenomenon in which the entire system of both dispersion medium and dispersed substances solidify into an apparently homogeneous, solid mass. Upon the assumption that a jelly consists of myriads of hydrous particles that have become enmeshed into a network that entrains liquids, it follows that any substance should form a jelly when a suitable amount of a highly dispersed substance is precipitated provided that the particles absorb the dispersing medium very strongly. The process of gelation differs macroscopically from flocculation in that flocculation presents a separation of the dispersed substance. It has been proposed that gelation is …

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Elasticity Of Silicic Acid Gel, Frederick Searles Clum Jun 1940

Elasticity Of Silicic Acid Gel, Frederick Searles Clum

Honors Theses

When Robert Hooke published the “Description of Heliscopen” in 1676 the quotation above appeared on page 31 – translated – “The power of any spring is in the same proportion with the tension therein.” He formulated his theory from experimental results. It remained for Young, nearly a century and a half later, to interpret Hooke’s results in the generalized sense known today. Young defined the modulus, now known by his name, as the ratio of the force, causing elongation or compression, over the increment of expansion or contraction produced by it. When a proportion of matter is under the influence …

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The Thermal Dissociation Of Barium Hydride, Edward Rynex Kane Jun 1940

The Thermal Dissociation Of Barium Hydride, Edward Rynex Kane

Honors Theses

For the past fifteen years rather extensive investigations have been carried on in this laboratory concerning the thermal dissociation of the hydrides of the alkaline earth metals. During this oeruid considerable time has been spent in devising suitable apparatus for the work and improved methods of procedure. Each successive worker on the problem in this laboratory has contributed materially to some phase of the investigations, or at least suggested from his experience improvements to be made in existing methods.It is however, unfortuneate that, because of the nature of the course in which these investigations have been undertaken, time for research …

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Dialysis Of Silicic Acid, Paul L. Merz Jun 1940

Dialysis Of Silicic Acid, Paul L. Merz

Honors Theses

This research was a quantative study of the polymerization of silicic acid molecules which occurred during the process of gel formation by the means of dialysis. The condensation of the silicic acid molecules, Si(OH)4, to form larger molecules of colloidal size, as suggested by the polysilicic acid fibriller theory, was investigated with membrances of known pore size at various stages of the reaction. Although filter and membrane action is only to a limited extent comparable with the action of a sieve, and is much more dependent on the absorption in the capillaries than the size of the pores, still a …

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A Study Of Electromotive Force Over A Concentration Gradient, Sherman William Parry Jun 1940

A Study Of Electromotive Force Over A Concentration Gradient, Sherman William Parry

Honors Theses

The problem was entered into to find out whether a gradual change of concentration over a distance of some centimeters would make any change in the electromotive force if substituted for a relatively sharp junction.

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A Study Of The Physical Properties Of Bromopicrin And A Preliminary Investigation Of Its Reaction In Liquid Ammonia, George Bailey Stone Jun 1940

A Study Of The Physical Properties Of Bromopicrin And A Preliminary Investigation Of Its Reaction In Liquid Ammonia, George Bailey Stone

Honors Theses

The density and the index of refraction of bromopicrin were verified. New values were determined for the vapor pressure and the melting point. The surface tension and the viscosity were measured for the first time.

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Prevention Of Bleeding By Coating Of The Pigment Particles, Angelo James Sederis Jun 1940

Prevention Of Bleeding By Coating Of The Pigment Particles, Angelo James Sederis

Honors Theses

The problem, essentially, is to conceive of a treatment which such a pigment could be given that will render it insoluble in those mediums in which it bleeds, without changing its characteristics in some other respect or making it so costly to manufacture that it would be impractical.

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Transmission And Scattering Of Light By Silicic Acid Gel-Forming Mixtures, Warren De Sorbo Jun 1940

Transmission And Scattering Of Light By Silicic Acid Gel-Forming Mixtures, Warren De Sorbo

Honors Theses

In this investigation the transmission and scattering of light by the silicic acid gel forming mixtures have been studies during the process of gel formation in an effort to extend the work already done in this laboratory on the structure of silicic acid gels. The intensity of the transmitted and scattered light had been measured in terms of galvanometer deflections using a photoelectric tube circuit. An attempt had been made to utilize these results in elucidating the changes in size and number of the colloidal particles which take place in gel formation.

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The Effect Of Silicia Concentration On The Time Of Set Of Constant Ph, Walter Otto Gerber Jun 1940

The Effect Of Silicia Concentration On The Time Of Set Of Constant Ph, Walter Otto Gerber

Honors Theses

When an aqueous solution of sodium silicate is treated with an acid, the mixture will become increasingly viscous and opalescent, and will finally set, it the silica concentration exceeds 2% and if the gel is not too acid or too alkaline. The time of set is determined by the pH, concentration of silica, concentration of certain foreign substances and the temperature.

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A Study Of The Electrical Conductivity Of Glass, Raymond William Barclay May 1940

A Study Of The Electrical Conductivity Of Glass, Raymond William Barclay

Honors Theses

In past years, research has been done at Union College and other places on the electrical conductivity of glass. However, there seems to be a need of more quantitative work done on the subject. The purpose of this research is to give a deeper insight into the process; in particular, to investigate how the conductivity is affected by the replacement of sodium ions of the glass by various other ions.

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