Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Knickpoint Analysis Of Streams In North Dakota, South Dakota, And Nebraska, Trent D. Hubbard

Theses and Dissertations

Analysis of stream profiles, seismic reflection studies, engineering studies, and historical earthquakes indicates uplift in south-central South Dakota and north-central Nebraska over the last 5-10 ma. The purpose of this study was to determine if this uplift could be detected by constructing topographic profiles along, and in close proximity to several streams in this region. The Cannonball River, ND, was used to compare the streams in South Dakota and Nebraska to a stream beyond the affected area.

Data for the profiles were collected from 7 .5 minute topographic maps as well as GPS surveys. Abrupt changes in slope (irregularities) were …

Structure, Metamorphism, And Geochronology Along The Southern Margin Of The Breakenridge Orthogneiss, Coast Range, Southern British Columbia, John A. (John Andrew) Feltman

WWU Graduate School Collection

The Breakenridge orthogneiss is located at the southern end of the Coast Plutonic Complex, in the southwest Canadian Cordillera. It consists of sheeted orthogneiss sills and metamorphosed country rock folded into a tight, upright antiform. The deformational and metamorphic history along the southern margin of this structure is the focus of this study.

The orthogneiss is in original intrusive contact with enveloping metavolcanic rocks of the Jura-Cretaceous Slollicum Schist. A new U-Pb zircon age of 103.8 ± 0.5 Ma, together with a published age of 96 Ma (Parrish and Monger, 1992), establishes an episode of igneous intrusion and crystallization between …

A Comparison Of The November 1990 And November 1995 Floods Along The Main Stem Nooksack River, Whatcom County, Washington, Ryan T. (Ryan Travis) Houser

WWU Graduate School Collection

During November 1990 two floods on the Nooksack River breached flood control structures near the city of Everson, sending floodwater into the Sumas Overflow. The Sumas Overflow is a low area lying north of the Nooksack River stretching from Everson to the Vedder River in British Columbia, Canada. The 1990 floods resulted in more than $7 million in damage to the Sumas Overflow. The economic impacts of this loss prompted the construction of a levee extension to protect the Everson area from inundation.

Many residents of the Nooksack River floodplain, including Everson Mayor Matt Lagerway, claimed that the levee extension …

Superconvergence Of The Iterated Collocation Methods For Hammerstein Equations, Hideaki Kaneko, Richard D. Noren, Peter A. Padilla

Mathematics & Statistics Faculty Publications

In this paper, we analyse the iterated collocation method for Hammerstein equations with smooth and weakly singular kernels. The paper expands the study which began in [16] concerning the superconvergence of the iterated Galerkin method for Hammerstein equations. We obtain in this paper a similar superconvergence result for the iterated collocation method for Hammerstein equations. We also discuss the discrete collocation method for weakly singular Hammerstein equations. Some discrete collocation methods for Hammerstein equations with smooth kernels were given previously in [3, 18].

Scattering From Stellar Acoustic-Gravity Potentials: Ii. Phase Shifts Via The First Born Approximation, J. A. Adam, I. Mckaig

Mathematics & Statistics Faculty Publications

Using the first Born approximation, properties of the scattering phase shift are investigated for waves that are scattered by a schematic representation of a large-scale “stellar potential,” i.e., one for which the star itself is viewed as the potential inducing a phase shift in an incoming wave. In particular, the phase shift properties are examined as functions of the relative wavenumber (α) and the azimuthal wavenumber (l), high l-values being of interest in helioseismology.

The Hadamard Matroid And An Anomaly In Its Single Element Extensions, C. H. Cooke

Mathematics & Statistics Faculty Publications

A nonstandard vector space is formulated, whose bases afford a representation of what is called a Hadamard matroid, M_p. For prime p, existence of M_p is equivalent to the existence of both a classical Hadamard matrix H(p,p) and a certain affine resolvable, balanced incomplete block design AR(p). An anomaly in the representable single element extension of a Hadamard matroid is discussed.

Four-Wave Mixing And Optical Phase Conjugation In Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Devices, Gregory J. Vansuch

Theses and Dissertations

Four-wave mixing (FWM), a nonlinear optical process, was investigated in resonant cavity light emitting diodes (RCLEDs) and vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSELs) below lasing threshold. These semiconductor photonic devices consisted of an optical gain region of quantum wells sandwiched between two distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) mirrors. Pump and probe lasers were injected into the devices to generate FWM. The dependence of FWM on bias current, pump laser power, and spectral and spatial separation between pump and probe lasers was investigated experimentally. A computer model of FWM based on the wave and carrier density equations was developed and agreed well …

Asymmetric Synthesis By Palladium (Ii) Catalysis: Chirality Transfer And New A Symmetric Catalytic System, Othman Hamed

Dissertations

No abstract provided.

An Assessment Of Hydrological Process And Landform Change: Slave River Delta, Northwest Territories, Ronald Brad Hill

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

The Slave River Delta, 61˚15'N, 113˚30'W, is located at the mouth of the Slave River in the southeast arm of Canada's Great Slave Lake. Although the delta itself lies some 1600 km downstream from the W.A.C. Bennett Dam at Hudson's Hope, British Columbia, the mean annual discharge and sediment load of the Slave River have decreased by 16% and 33% respectively since regulation. Such alterations in the Slave River flow regime have significant implications for the growth of the River Delta since the transfer of sediment to the delta front is one of the most important factors in the landform’s …

Reexamination Of Scarp Development Along The Niagara Escarpment, Ontario, Canada, David Walter Hintz

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

The Niagara Escarpment is generally viewed as a relict landform which shows ancient structural features and the effects of glaciation. Since it was realized that the Escarpment was not a fault, but instead a feature of erosional origin, little interest has been paid to development of the steep cliffed section of the Niagara Escarpment. This research project has several objectives. The first is an examination of the relationship between the morphology of the Escarpment and its geological units. This will include analysis of the structure and lithology of each and the geochemistry, especially, of the Queeston Formation. Associated with the …

Spatial Distribution Of Lead In Soil And Sediment In Iqaluit, Northwest Territories And Links With Human Health, Liisa Ann Peramaki

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

The Baffin Regional Health Board has recently expressed concern over lead poisoning in Iqaluit, NWT, manifested by low haemoglobin levels in children. Several studies in temperate regions have demonstrated links between environmental lead and human health. However, little is known about these links in a permafrost environment. While humans are exposed to lead via a number of different pathways, soils and sediments are two major pathways. The purpose of this study is to determine the spatial distribution of soil and sediment-associated lead in Iqaluit and to assess probable pathways between high lead levels and children. The research hypothesis is that …

The Impact Of Glacier Recession Upon The Discharge Of The Bow River Above Banff, Alberta, 1951-1993, Christopher Dennis Hopkinson

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Three methods have been used to explore the volumetric change of glaciers in the Bow Basin above Banff for the years 1951 to 1993. Using aerial photography, the extent of glacier covers for the two years were mapped at a scale of 1:50,000. The first volumetric calculation of glacier loss was based on inventory criteria; the second a hyposgraphic curve method based on Young’s investigations in Mistaya Basin (1991) and the third stereo air photogrammetry and DEM comparisons using computer software. These methods were applied to the highly glacierized Hector Lake catchment within the Bow Valley and then extrapolated up …

Small Mammals Of Point Pelee National Park: Protecting Biodiversity In Small Reserves (Ontario), Julie Ann Spicer

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Habitat destruction, fragmentation and degradation have been widespread throughout southern Ontario with devastating effects on wetlands. Small reserves are all that in this highly agricultural/urban landscape to protect the biodiversity of Great Lakes Marsh and Carolinian Forest ecosystems. Small reserves are vulnerable to species loss through a host of problems related to size and as a result, the value of small reserves to conservation strategies has often been questioned. Indicator species can be used as a means of studying the conditions of complex ecosystems. In this research, small mammals were sampled in the wetlands of Point Pelee National Park as …

A Sensitivity Analysis Of The Hydrology Of The Bow Valley Above Banff, Alberta Using The Ubc Watershed Model, Alexi Zawadzki

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Snow and ice meltwater constitutes a significant portion of westem Canada's water resources for residential, industrial and agricultural uses. As a consequence, temporal variations in climate will have a marked effect on the local hydrology of the Canadian Rocky Mountains, especially as glaciers, glacierettes and snow packs decrease in size or melt out. It is therefore very important for hydrologists to accurately understand the climatic sensitivity of glacierized watersheds in order to predict and prepare for potentially dramatic variations in the future water budget. This thesis proposes a methodology for the estimation of the hydrological response of a large, temperate, …

Fluid Patterns, Sediment Pathways And Woody Obstructions In The Pine River, Angus, Ontario, John T. Beebe

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

The objective of this research was to determine the effects that woody obstructions have on flow patterns and sediment pathways in a sand-bed river in Central Ontario. The Pine River near Angus, a tributary of the Nottawasaga River, was chosen because it contained a number of woody obstructions to flow from which to choose study sites. Two reaches, one containing a trunk oriented in the direction of flow, were chosen as the study reaches. Sampling of fluid speeds through the study reaches showed that the cross-stream obstruction acted to slow fluid as it approached and exited the obstruction zone, while …

Multifrequency Studies, Menas Kafatos

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

The present report concerns the following projects 'Multifrequency observations of the BL Lacertae object MK 421"; "EUVE and multifrequency observations of the quasars 3C 273 and 3C 279"; "EUVE observations of the symbiotic star RAquarii"; and "Morphology of the local HI void and ionization of He in the local ISM". The common theme of the above projects is UV observations and analysis of a wide range of astrophysical classes or objects, from the diffuse interstellar medium, to symbiotic stars (R Aqr), to active galactic nuclei (AGNs). Understanding the local (primarily neutral hydrogen or HI) interstellar medium is of great importance …

Magnetic Field Decay In Single Radio Pulsars: A Statistical Study, Soma Mukherjee, Ajit Kembhavi

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications and Presentations

We report on an extensive statistical study of single radio pulsar properties, which we undertook to estimate the decay timescale of pulsar magnetic fields. We synthesized a population of pulsars using assumed theoretical distributions of age, initial magnetic field, period of rotation, position, luminosity, and dispersion measure, taking into account the new distance model for pulsars as well as new velocity estimates. We also took into account the selection effects that characterize pulsar observations. We compared the simulated population with the observed single pulsar population using one- and two-dimensional Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests to obtain a lower bound of ∼160 Myr on …

Voltage Responses To Optical Pulses Of Unbiased Normal And Superconducting Samples, D. Van Vechten, K. S. Wood, G. G. Fritz, J. S. Horitz, G. M. Daly, J. B. Thrasher, D. M. Photiadis, J. Ding, J. F. Pinto, M. G. Blamire, G. Burnell, A. L. Gyulamiryan, V. H. Vartanyan, R. B. Akopyan, Armen Gulian

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

The direct transformation of the energy of an incident high-energy photon into a measurable potential difference within an absorbing metal is investigated. Experimental evidence is presented that the effect arises from the inherent energy dependence of the electronic density of states, rather than from a simple temperature excursion. The similarities between the results on Al and YBa₂Cu₃O₇ samples indicate that the effect is universal in nature. We assert it may be used as the basis of a fast, energy resolving, individual photon detector for the ultraviolet radiation and x-rays.

An Evaluation Of The Productivity Of Two Oil Mallee Species In A Revegetation Trial In The Central Wheatbelt Of Western Australia, Beatrice Lucie Hedwig Franke

Theses : Honours

Two of Western Australia's most pressing land degradation problems are waterlogging and increasing soil salinity. Extensive clearing of the native. deep-rooted vegetation and its replacement with shallow-rooted crop and pasture plants has resulted in increased recharge of groundwater tables. causing them to rise. Salts stored in the soil are being brought to the soil surface with the rising watertables. Revegetation with deep-rooted native plants has been identified as the most likely strategy to achieve increased groundwater usage and a lowering of watertables. One area seriously affected by waterlogging and increasing salinity is the Western Australian central wheatbelt region. The Department …

Does Good Project Management Ensure Successful Software Development?, Julie Lisa Eldridge

Theses : Honours

For many years the development of computer software has been plagued by poor customer satisfaction caused by missed schedules, underestimated budgets and the development of products which do not meet requirements. The ever increasing reliance on computers, as reported by Sommerville ''the result of the proliferation of computer systems into all aspects of life and business is that personal, corporate, national and international economies are [becoming] increasingly dependant on computers and software systems" ( 1992, p.2), calls for more stable software which can be developed within time and budget constraints. To achieve this, software development activities must be analysed and …

Are Troglobitic Taxa Troglobiomorphic? A Test Using Phylogenetic Inference, Laure Desutter-Grandcolas

International Journal of Speleology

Obligate cave dwelling organisms are frequently characterised by a peculiar morphological syndrome, named troglomorphosis or troglobiomorphosis. This hypothesis, which deals with the evolutionary influence of the subterranean environment on cave organisms is far from being universally accepted. Yet it has been adopted by many authors and is often included in the definitions of the current classification of cave taxa. In this paper I present a test of the troglobiomorphosis hypothesis, using the case study of the cricket clade Amphiacustae (Orthoptera, Grylloidea, Phalangopsidae). Such a test preliminarily requires that observations of the habitat of the taxa (achieved on present-day populations) are …

A Simple Scenario For Stygobitization In Stenobermuda Schultz, 1978 (Isopoda Asellota Stenetriidae), With Description Of A New Species From Andros Island, Bahamas, Lazare Botosaneanu, Thomas M. Iliffe

International Journal of Speleology

Description of a new stygobitic and troglomorphic species of Stenobermuda from a Blue Hole in the Bahamas, is an opportunity for speculation about hypogean colonization by this and by another cave-dwelling species from Bermuda, starting from populations of a widely distributed Western Atlantic shallow water marine species.

Geographic Variation And Genetic Relationships In Populations Of The Androniscus Dentiger Complex From Central Italy (Isopoda, Oniscidea, Trichoniscidae), Gabriele Gentile, Giuliana Allegrucci

International Journal of Speleology

Androniscus dentiger is a terrestrial isopod distributed from Great Britain to North Africa, inhabiting humid edafic environments, superficial underground compartments and both natural and artificial caves. In this study allozyme data have been used to investigate the geographic variation and the genetic relationships of several populations of A. dentiger from Central Italy, using as outgroups populations from four congeneric species, A. calcivagus, A. cfr. subterraneus, A. spelaeorum, and A. degener. Multivariate analysis of A. dentiger allele frequencies indicates the existence of a group of populations (group A) distributed in a wide geographic area which are genetically …

Martel's Links With Usa, Trevor R. Shaw

International Journal of Speleology

Of the 29% foreign members in the Société de Spéléologie, five lived in the USA. They were Luella Owen (the only woman member of the Société), R. Ellsworth Cali, H.C. Hovey, E Van Epps and C. R. Blackall. E.S. Balch, though not a member, also knew Martel. These members, between them, published ten papers in Spelunca, which also reviewed their other work. The activities of these six, and their links with France, are discussed. Martel actively encouraged cave work in America, as elsewhere, and Hovey, who had been with him during the survey of Aven Armand, he knew quite well. …

The Effects Of Human-Computer Communication Mode, Task Complexity, And Desire For Control On Performance And Discourse Organization In An Adaptive Task, Cristina Bubb-Lewis

Psychology Theses & Dissertations

The present study examined how different communication patterns affected task performance with an adaptive interface. A Wizard-of-Oz simulation (Gould, Conti, & Hovanyecz, 1983) was used to create the impression of a talking and listening computer that acted as a teammate to help participants interact with a computer application.

Four levels of communication mode were used which differed in the level of restriction placed on human-computer communication. In addition, participants completed two sets of tasks (simple and complex). Further, a personality trait, Desire for Control (DC), was measured and participants were split into high and low groups for analysis. Dependent measures …

The Hawaiian Cave Planthoppers (Homoptera: Fulgoroidea: Cixiidae) - A Model For Rapid Subterranean Speciation?, Hannelore Hoch

International Journal of Speleology

After the successful colonization of a single ancestral species in the Hawaiian Islands, planthoppers of the cixiid genus Oliarus underwent intensive adaptive radiation resulting in 80 described endemic species. Oliarus habitats range from montaneous rain forests to dry coastal biotopes and subterranean environments. At least 7 independant evolutionary lines represented by different species have adapted to lava tubes on Molokai (1), Maui (3), and Hawaii Island (3). Behavioral and morphological studies on one of these evolutionary lines on Hawaii Island, the blind, flight- and pigmentless Oliarus polyphentus have provided evidence for reproductive isolation between allopatric populations which may in fact …

Characterization Of Iron Oxides And Atmospheric Corrosion Of Steel, Sei Jin Oh

Physics Theses & Dissertations

The study of corrosion behavior was performed using three different analytical techniques, which provided information on the formation, development and layering of iron oxides on the corrosion products as a function of atmospheric conditions, exposure time and type of steel. In particular, the protective layer formed on weathering steel was investigated as a function of different amounts of alloying elements in the steel, atmospheric conditions and exposure times. Combined together, the results provided a better understanding of the atmospheric corrosion behavior of steel, and formed a part of database of the atmospheric corrosion characteristics.

Accurate characterization of the iron oxides …

Surface Morphology Of Gan Films Determined From Quantitative X-Ray Reflectivity, D Lederman, Zhonghai Yu, T H. Myers, Michelle Richards-Babb

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

The surface of two GaN films grown under Ga-rich conditions by molecular beam epitaxywas characterized using x-ray reflectivity, assuming a self-affine/fractal surface morphology. The surface height fluctuations were similar for both samples at the largest lateral length scales at which the fractal description is valid, although this lateral length was significantly greater and the “jaggedness” significantly smaller for the sample grown under higher Ga flux. Previous atomic force microscopy images revealed a higher density of large features on the surface for the sample grown under lower Ga flux. The lateral size of the features are dominated by a convolution of …

Characterizing Derivatives By Preimages Of Sets, Krzysztof Ciesielski

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

In this note we will show that many classes F of real functions f : R → R can be characterized by preimages of sets in a sense that there exist families A and D of subsets of R such that F = C(D, A), where C(D, A) = {f ∈ R R : f −1 (A) ∈ D for every A ∈ A}. In particular, we will show that there exists a Bernstein B ⊂ R such that the family ∆ of all derivatives can be represented as ∆ = C(D, A), where A = S c∈R {(−∞, c),(c, …

Set Theoretic Real Analysis, Krzysztof Ciesielski

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

This article is a survey of the recent results that concern real functions (from Rⁿ into R) and whose solutions or statements involve the use of set theory. The choice of the topics follows the author's personal interest in the subject, and there are probably some important results in this area that did not make to this survey. Most of the results presented here are left without the proofs.