Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

An Extension Of The Fundamental Theorem Of Linear Programming, A Brown, A Gedlaman, Allen G. Holder, S Martinez

Mathematics Faculty Research

In 1947 George Dantzig developed the Simplex Algorithm for linear programming, and in doing so became known as The Father of Linear Programming. The invention of the Simplex Algorithm has been called "one of the most important discoveries of the 20th century," and linear programming techniques have proven useful in numerous fields of study. As such, topics in linear optimization are taught in a variety of disciplines. The finite convergence of the simplex algorithm hinges on a result stating that every linear program with an optimal solution has a basic optimal solution; a result known as the Fundamental Theorem of …

On The Number Of Factorizations Of An Element In An Atomic Monoid, Scott T. Chapman, Juan Ignacio García-García, Pedro A. García Sánchez, José Carlos Rosales

Mathematics Faculty Research

Let S be a reduced commutative cancellative atomic monoid. If s is a nonzero element of S, then we explore problems related to the computation of η(s), which represents the number of distinct irreducible factorizations of s∈S. In particular, if S is a saturated submonoid of N^d, then we provide an algorithm for computing the positive integer r(s) for which

0 < limn→∞η(sⁿ)n^r(s)-1∞.

We further show that r(s) is constant on the Archimedean components of S. We apply the algorithm to show how to …

Distributed Algorithms For Guiding Navigation Across A Sensor Network, Qun Li, Michael Derosa, Daniela Rus

Computer Science Technical Reports

We develop distributed algorithms for self-reconfiguring sensor networks that respond to directing a target through a region. The sensor network models the danger levels sensed across its area and has the ability to adapt to changes. It represents the dangerous areas as obstacles. A protocol that combines the artificial potential field of the sensors with the goal location for the moving object guides the object incrementally across the network to the goal, while maintaining the safest distance to the danger areas. We report on hardware experiments using a physical sensor network consisting of Mote sensors.

Teaching Mathematics In The Seventeenth And Twenty-First Centuries, Dennis C. Smolarski

Mathematics and Computer Science

In the late 1960s, many people saw a fictional vision of the beginning of the twenty-first century via the movie, 2001: A Space Odyssey. Early in the movie, a lunar expedition uncovers a large, black monolith in the crater Clavius. Although the movie was fictional, and computers have not yet reached HAL's ability to speak and read lips, the lunar crater Clavius does exist and is named after a sixteenth century scholar who was instrumental in introducing mathematics into the university curriculum.

Christopher Clavius (1538-1612) is often associated with the astronomical and mathematical justification for shifting from the Julian to …

Santa Clara Magazine, Volume 44 Number 2, Fall 2002, Santa Clara University

Santa Clara Magazine

6 - INSTITUTE ON GLOBALIZATION By SCM Staff. For the academic year 2002-03, SCU will focus on globalization and how it is shaping our world.

12 - TOUGH TALK By Dale Larson. End-of-life conversations can help us cope with the loss· of a loved one.

16 - BUILDING CHARACTER By Miriam Schulman . Alumni are helping troubled kids make better choices using a program developed by SCU's Markkula Center for Applied Ethics.

Structural Biology Of Bacterial Multidrug Resistance Gene Regulators, Michael H. Godsey, Ekaterina E. Zheleznova Heldwein, Richard G. Brennan

CUP Faculty Research

Multidrug resistance (mdr)¹ can be defined broadly as the ability of a cell to survive ordinarily lethal doses of more than one drug. Clearly, such resistance is a critical problem in the treatment of fungal and bacterial infections and cancer. Four general, but nonexclusive, mechanisms give rise to multidrug resistance: 1) detoxification by enzymatic modification or cleavage of drug; 2) genetic alteration of the intra- or extracellular targets; 3) decreased permeability of the cell membrane; and 4) active drug extrusion by multidrug transporters.

Paramount to our understanding of mdr is the issue of recognition of structurally dissimilar substrates and …

Water Resources Review - Fall 2002 Vol 15 No 2, Annis Water Resources Institute

AWRI Reviews

No abstract provided.

Guanine And 7,8-Dihydro-8-Oxo-Guanine-Specific Oxidation In Dna By Chromium(V), Kent D. Sugden, Brooke Martin

Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Publications

The hexavalent oxidation state of chromium [Cr(VI)] is a well-established human carcinogen, although the mechanism of cancer induction is currently unknown. Intracellular reduction of Cr(VI) forms Cr(V), which is thought to play a fundamental role in the mechanism of DNA damage by this carcinogen. Two separate pathways of DNA damage, an oxidative pathway and a metal-binding pathway, have been proposed to account for the lesions observed in cell systems. We have used a model Cr(V) complex, N,N´-ethylenebis(salicylidene-animato)oxochromium(V) [Cr(V)-Salen], to investigate the oxidative pathway of DNA damage and to elucidate the lesions generated from this oxidation process. Reaction of Cr(V)-Salen with …

Near Bottom Sediment Characterization Offshore Sw San Clemente Island, Daniel D. Sternlicht, Christian De Moustier

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

Normal incidence, 23.5 kHz seafloor acoustic backscatter data and bottom video were measured with the Deep Tow instrument package of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography in 100 meter water depth south of San Clemente Island, CA. The collected data were processed using an echo envelopesediment characterization method, to derive geoacoustic parameters such as particle mean grain size and the strength of the power law characterizing the roughness energy density spectrum of thesediment-water interface. Two regions, sand and silt, were selected based on available ground truth, perceived along-track sediment homogeneity, data quality and tow fish stability. Distinction between sand and fine …

A Prototype 1:6 Million Map, Martin Jakobsson

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

No abstract provided.

3-D Visualization Of Ibcao, Martin Jakobsson, Ron Macnab

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

No abstract provided.

Spanning The 4 Kbps Divide Using Pulse Modeled Residual, J Lukasiak, I. Burnett

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

This paper reports a scalable method for coding the LP residual. The scalable method is capable of increasing the accuracy of the reconstructed speech from a parametric representation at low rates to a more accurate waveform matched representation at higher rates. The method entails pitch length segmentation, decomposition into pulsed and noise components and modeling of the pulsed components using a fixed shape pulse model in a closed-loop, analysis by synthesis system.

Scalable Decomposition Of Speech Waveforms, J Lukasiak, I. Burnett

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

Decomposition of speech signals into periodic and noise components is widely used in speech coding to facilitate efficient compression. Existing decomposition schemes are too inflexible to model transient changes in the speech signal, require high delay or produce a large parameter set that is not scalable to low rates. This paper proposes a technique that requires only a single frame of speech and produces a scalable decomposition. The latter allows reconstruction accuracy to be varied according to the bit rate available.

The Analysis Of Speech Codecs Using Psychoacoustic Measures, M. Raad, C. H. Ritz, I. Burnett, Alfred Mertins

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

This paper analyses two narrowband speech codecs, the 4.8 kbit/s FS1016 coder and the 8 kbit/s G729 coder, using objective psychoacoustic measures. Four measures are used: loudness, sharpness, roughness and tonality. The results show sharpness and roughness as the two major contributing factors to the subjective difference between the two coders.

Extending Waveform Interpolation To Wideband Speech Coding, C. H. Ritz, I. Burnett, Jason Lukasiak

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

This paper investigates the extension of waveform interpolation (WI) to wideband speech coding. Included is an analysis of the evolutionary behaviour of wideband speech and the consequences for WI. We highlight problems associated with direct application of the classical WI algorithm applied to wideband speech.

On Full Orthogonal Designs In Order 56, S. Georgiou, C. Koukouvinos, Jennifer Seberry

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

We find new full orthogonal designs in order 56 and show that of 1285 possible OD(56; s1, s2, s3, 56—s1—s2-s3) 163 are known, of 261 possible OD(56; s1, s2, 56—s1—s2) 179 are known. All possible OD(56; s1, 56 — s1) are known.

Querying Imprecise Data In Moving Object Environments, Reynold Cheng, Sunil Prabhakar, Dmitri V. Kalashnikov

Department of Computer Science Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

Synthesizing Distributed Controllers For The Safe Operation Of Connectedspaces, Baskar Sridharan, Aditya P. Mathur, Kai-Yuan Cai

Department of Computer Science Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

Development Of An Infrastructure For The Management Of Smart Homes, Ramkumar Natarajan, Aditya P. Mathur

Department of Computer Science Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

Synthesizing A Safety Controller For Connectedspaces Using Supervisory Control, Baskar Sridharan, Aditya P. Mathur, Kai-Yuan Cai

Department of Computer Science Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

Toward A Theory Of Differentiated Services, Huan Ren, Kihong Park

Department of Computer Science Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

The Planet, 2002, Autumn, Kate Koch, Huxley College Of The Environment, Western Washington University

The Planet

No abstract provided.

Advanced Portfolio Theory: Why Understanding The Math Matters, Tom Arnold

Finance Faculty Publications

The goal of this paper is to motivate the use of efficient set mathematics for portfolio analysis [as seen in Roll, 1977] in the classroom. Many treatments stop at the two asset portfolio case (avoiding the use of matrix algebra) and an alarming number of treatments rely on illustration and templates to provide a heuristic sense of the material without really teaching how efficient portfolios are generated. This is problematic considering that the benefits of understanding efficient set mathematics go beyond portfolio analysis and into such topics as regression analysis (as demonstrated here).

Ua66/8/3 Geogram, Wku Geography & Geology

WKU Archives Records

Newsletter created by and about the WKU Geography & Geology highlighting activities of faculty, students and alumni.

Characteristics Of Shark Bycatch Observed On Pelagic Longlines Off The Southeastern United States, 1992-2000, Lawrence R. Beerkircher, Enric Cortes, Mahmood S. Shivji

Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles

Data collected by fisheries observers aboard U.S. pelagic longline vessels were examined to quantify and describe elasmobranch bycatch off the southeastern U.S. coast (lat. 22°-35°N, long. 71°-82°W). From 1992 to 2000, 961 individual longline hauls were observed, during which 4,612 elasmobranchs (15% of the total catch) were documented. Of the 22 elasmobranch species observed, silky sharks, Carcharhinus falciformis, were numerically dominant (31.4% of the elasmobranch catch). The catch status of the animals (alive or dead) when the gear was retrieved varied widely depending on the species, with high mortalities seen for the commonly caught silky and night, C. signatus …

Seismotectonics Of The Explorer Region, Jochen Braunmiller, John Nábělek

School of Geosciences Faculty and Staff Publications

The Explorer region offshore western Canada is a tectonically complex area surrounded by the Pacific, North America, and Juan de Fuca plates. Existing tectonic models for the region differ fundamentally. Proposed plate configurations range from multiple independent plate fragments to an Explorer plate now fused to North America along the continental margin and cut by Pacific–North America transform faults in the west. We present new seismological data constraining the region's current tectonics. We use three-component regional waveforms to determine the source parameters of 84 earthquakes with magnitude greater than 4. Combined with 34 Harvard centroid moment tensor solutions, they represent …

Similarity Joins For Low-And-High Dimensional Data, Dmitri V. Kalashnikov, Sunil Prabhakar

Department of Computer Science Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

Unified Power Quality Index (Upqi) For Continuous Disturbances, V. J. Gosbell, B. Perera, H. M. Herath

Faculty of Informatics - Papers (Archive)

Power quality indices are being developed that attempt to quantify certain aspects of service quality. There has been considerable amount of work on the characterization of individual types of power quality disturbances and corresponding indices. However, there does not exist in the literature a standard approach that allows one to quantify the overall power quality. This paper proposes a unified power quality index (UPQI) as a useful tool for ranking sites as to their overall power quality.

Pattern Recognition For Electric Power System Protection, Yong Sheng

Doctoral Dissertations

The objective of this research is to demonstrate pattern recognition tools such as decision trees (DTs) and neural networks that will improve and automate the design of relay protection functions in electric power systems. Protection functions that will benefit from the research include relay algorithms for high voltage transformer protection (TP) and for high impedance fault (HIF) detection. A methodology, which uses DTs and wavelet analysis to distinguish transformer internal faults from other conditions that are easily mistaken for internal faults, has been developed. Also, a DT based solution is proposed to discriminate HIFs from normal operations that may confuse …

Cross Sections Fall 2002, Department Of Physics And Astronomy

Cross Sections

No abstract provided.