Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Synthesis And Evaluation Of Enzyme Inhibitory Potential Of Some Derivatives Of Scopolamine, Durre Shahwar, Muhammad Asam Raza, Tania Khan

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

This study was designed to synthesize and evaluate derivatives of scopolamine (1) as acetylcholine esterase and protease inhibitors. Scopolamine (1) was extracted from the aerial parts of Datura innoxia through bioassay guided fractionation. Five different derivatives of scopolamine (1) were synthesized, and identified through spectroscopic studies. Their acetylcholine esterase (AChE) and trypsin inhibitory potentials were determined through standard protocols and evaluated from the perspective of structure-activity relationship. The synthesized scopolamine derivatives (2-6) showed remarkable AChE inhibitory activity, except for scopoline (6). The results showed higher enzyme inhibition potential of the synthesized compounds (2-5) as compared to scopolamine (1). Maximum inhibition …

Copolymerization Of N-Vinyl Pyrrolidone With Methyl Methacrylate By Ti(Iii)-Dmg Redox Initiator, Ajithkumar Manayan Parambil, Yashoda Malagar Puttaiahgowda, Prasannakumar Shankarappa

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

Redox copolymerization of N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone (NVP) with methyl methacrylate (MMA) was carried out using titanium(III)-- dimethylglyoxime [Ti(III)-DMG] redox initiator in aqueous sulfuric acid-alcohol media. The resulting copolymer was characterized by FTIR, ^1H-NMR, and ^{13}C-NMR spectroscopic methods and elemental analysis. Thermal properties of the copolymer were determined by differential scanning calorimetric technique and thermogravimetric analysis. The reactivity ratios of the monomers were computed by Fineman-Ross, Kelen-Tudos, and extended Kelen-Tudos methods at lower conversion. The reactivity ratios obtained r_1 (MMA) 1.69 and r_2 (NVP) 0.03 showed richer content of MMA than NVP in the copolymer having extreme ideal behavior. The distribution of monomer …

Design And Synthesis Of New 1,2,4-Triazole Derivatives Containing Morpholine Moiety As Antimicrobial Agents, Deni̇z Şahi̇n, Hacer Bayrak, Ahmet Demi̇rbaş, Nesli̇han Demi̇rbaş, Şengül Alpay Karaoğlu

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

2-Morpholine-4ylethyl-3H-1,2,4-triazole-3-ones (2a, 2b) were obtained from the condensation between the corresponding ethoxycarbonylhydrazones and 2-morpholinoethanamine. 2a was converted to acetohydrazide (4) via the formation of an ester derivative (3). Treatment of 2a and 2b with several aryl sulfonyl chlorides afforded the corresponding 2-arylsulfonyl-1,2,4-triazole-3-ones (5a-c and 6). The reaction of hydrazide (4) with benzyl iso- and benzyl isothiocyanate produced the corresponding carboxamide (8a) and carbothioamide (8b). The basic treatment of 8b yielded 5-mercapto-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)methyl]-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-one (10). The synthesis of 1,3-thiazol-2(3H)-ylidene-1,2,4-triazol-1- ylacetohydrazide (11) and 1,3-oxazole-2(3H)-ylidene-1,2,4-triazole- 1-yl)acetohydrazide (9) derivatives was performed from the reaction of 8a and 8b with substituted phenacyl bromides. All the newly synthesized …

Titrimetric Determination Of Anionic Surfactant Content In Anionic/Nonionic Surfactant Mixture Solution By Anionic Surfactant Selective Electrode, Junwei Wang, Zhiping Du, Wanxu Wang, Wei Xue

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

A new polyvinyl chloride (PVC) membrane electrode for determining the concentration of sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) based on a neutral ion pair complex of dodecyltrimethylammonium-dodecylsulfate (DTA^+DS^-) as ionophore is described in this paper. The construction and characteristic performance of the PVC membrane electrode displays a Nernstian slope of --56.9 \pm 0.3 mV/decade in the concentration range of 2.0 \times 10^{-6} to 3.2 \times 10^{-3} mol L^{-1} and a detection limit of 1.6 \times 10^{-6} mol L^{-1}. The lifetime of the electrode is more than 3 months without showing significant change in the values of slope or linear concentration range. The electrode …

Facile And Rapid Synthesis Of Some Novel Polysubstituted Imidazoles By Employing Magnetic Fe_3o_4 Nanoparticles As A High Efficient Catalyst, Bahador Karami, Khalil Eskandari, Abdolmohammad Ghasemi

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

Multicomponent, one-pot, highly efficient, and environmentally adapted synthesis of some novel polysubstituted imidazoles by the use of various aldehydes, benzil, aliphatic, and aromatic primary amines and ammonium acetate in the presence of Fe_3O_4 nanoparticles as catalyst under solvent-free condition is explained. A highly efficient role of Fe_3O_4 nanoparticles as catalyst in this synthesis was shown. By this advantage, several polysubstituted imidazoles as pharmaceutical important molecules can be prepared in high yield and high purity. This method is very easy and rapid for the synthesis of imidazole derivatives. All products were deduced from their IR and NMR spectroscopic data. The Fe_3O_4 …

Determination Of Ultratrace Amounts Of Dichloro-Nitrobenzene And Dichloro-Nitroaniline In Water Samples Using Solidified Floating Organic Drop Microextraction (Sfodme) And Gas Chromatography, Shayessteh Dadfarnia, Mohammad Mirzaei, Ali Mohammad Haji Shabani, Batoul Ramazanzadeh

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

Solidified floating organic drop microextraction (SFODME) in combination with gas chromatography with an electron capture detector was used for separation/enrichment and determination of 2,5-dichloro-nitrobenzene, 2,3-dichloro-nitrobenzene, and 2,6-dichloro-4-nitroaniline in water samples. The main parameters affecting the performance of SFOME, such as solvent volume, extraction time, stirring rate, extraction temperature, sample volume, nature of the solvent and ionic strength were optimized. Under the optimum experimental conditions, good relative standard deviations of 7.5%, 6.9%, and 9.3% for 7 extractions and determination of 50 ng L^{-1} of 2,5-dichloro-nitrobenzene, 2,3-dichloro-nitrobenzene and 2,6-dichloro-4-nitroaniline were obtained, respectively. Enrichment factors of 1390, 1398, and 1362 and detection limits …

Synthesis And Application Of L-Proline And R-Phenylglycine Derived Organocatalysts For Direct Asymmetric Michael Addition Of Cyclohexanone To Nitroalkenes, Hayri̇ye Nevi̇n Naziroğlu, Abdulkadi̇r Sirit

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

Novel R-phenylglycine derived organocatalysts were prepared from the reaction of Cbz-R-phenylglycine with indoline, pyrrolidine, or (S)-(-)-2-(diphenylmethyl)pyrrolidine in 3 steps. The asymmetric Michael addition of cyclohexanone to nitroolefins was investigated using R-phenylglycine derivatives along with L-prolinamides as chiral catalysts. The desired products were obtained in excellent yields with enantioselectivities up to 90% ee and diastereomeric ratio up to 98:2 of the syn }addition product.

A One-Pot Efficient Four-Component Reaction For The Synthesis Of 2-(Arylamino)-2-(5-Aryl-1-Ethenyl-1,3,4-Oxadiazol-2-Yl)Propyl Benzoate (Or 4-Bromobenzoate) Derivatives, Mohsen Valizadeh Holagh, Abel Mohammadali Oglu Maharramov, Mirza Aliakbar Oglu Allahverdiyev, Ali Ramazani, Yavar Ahmadi, Fatemeh Zeinali Nasrabadi, Ali Souldozi

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

Reactions of N-isocyaniminotriphenylphosphorane with 2-oxopropyl benzoate (or 2-oxopropyl 4-bromobenzoate) in the presence of 3-phenyl-2-propynoic acid and primary amines proceeded smoothly at room temperature and in neutral conditions to afford sterically congested 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives in high yields. The reaction proceeded smoothly and cleanly under mild conditions and no side reactions were observed.

Synthesis And Characterization Of Bis(Azine) Ligands And Metal Complexes: Dna-Interaction And Extraction Properties For Metals And Dichromate Anions, Sultan Kulaksizoğlu, Cansu Gökçe, Ramazan Güp

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

Two new bis(bidentate) azine ligands were prepared by linking (1Z,1'Z)-1,1'-{butane-1,4-diylbis[oxyben-zene-4,1- diyl(1Z)eth-1-yl-1-ylidene]}dihydrazine to salicylaldehyde and pyridine-2-carbaldehyde, 1,4-bis{4-{(1E)-1-((2E)-(2- hydroxybenzene--2-ylmethy-lidene)hydrazonylidene)ethyl}phenoxy}butane (H_2L^1), and 1,4-bis{4-{(1E)-1-((2E)-(pyridine--2-ylmethylidene) hydrazonylidene)ethyl}phenoxy}butane (L^2), respecti- vely. Two kinds of copper(II) and nickel(II) complexes with different ligands were prepared. Reaction of H_2L^1 with Cu(II) and Ni(II) acetate with 1:1 molar ratio gave double stranded binuclear bis(azine) complexes with stoichiometry [M(L^1)]_2 containing {M^{II}N_2O_2} centers. On the other hand, 1:1 molar ratio reaction of Cu(II) and Ni(II) chloride with L^2 yielded mononuclear metal complexes with general stoichiometry [M(L^2)Cl_2] containing {M^{II}N_2N_2} centers. The structures of both bis(azine) ligands and complexes were identified by elemental analysis, infrared …

Chemical And Biotransformation Of Gelomulide F: A Rare Diterpene Lactone, Humaira Yasmeen Gondal, Muhammad Iqbal Choudhary

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

Chemical and biotransformations of a rare diterpene lactone, Gelomulide F (1), from the cytotoxic extract of leaves of Suregada multiflora were studied. Fermentation of compound 1 with Sachromyces cerevisiae transformed it to Gelomulide D (2) and E (3), whereas its treatment with 2N KOH yielded Gelomulide D (2). In addition, a novel compound (4) was obtained by its diastereo and chemoselective reduction with NaBH_4. All of these compounds were characterized on the basis of extensive ^1H-NMR, ^{13}C-NMR, 2D NMR, and mass spectral analyses.

Synthesis And Antioxidant And Antimicrobial Evaluation Of Novel 4-Substituted-1h-1,2,4-Triazole Derivatives, Sultan Baytaş, Evi̇n Kapçak, Tülay Çoban, Hati̇ce Özbi̇lge

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

A series of 4-benzyl/phenyl-3-(1-methyl-1H-indole-2-yl)-1H- 1,2,4-triazole-5(4H)-thione (4a,b) and 2-{4-[benzyl/phenyl-5- (substitutedbenzylthio)]-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-yl}-1-methyl-1H-indole derivatives (5a-p) were synthesized and evaluated for their in vitro scavenging of DPPH and superoxide radical, and lipid peroxidation inhibition effects as well as their antimicrobial properties. DPPH radical scavenging capacity was found to be equipotent with BHT and found in compounds containing 1,2,4-triazole-5(4H)-thione moiety (4a,b). With regard to antimicrobial properties, compound 5k showed slight antimicrobial activity against all the test microorganisms.

Mwcnt/Nano-Zro_2 As A New Solid Phase Extractor: Its Synthesis, Characterization, And Application To Atomic Absorption Spectrometric Determination Of Lead, Orhan Murat Kalfa, Özcan Yalçinkaya, Ali̇ Rehber Türker

Turkish Journal of Chemistry

Nanoscale ZrO_2 was synthesized on a multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) and designed as a new solid phase extractor for metal ion preconcentration. The characterization of the synthesized material was achieved by transmission electron microscope (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Then the new nanoscale material was applied to preconcentration of lead(II) from various matrices. Different experimental factors including pH of the sample solution, sample volume, flow rate of the sample solution, and volume and concentration of the eluent for the preconcentration step were examined. The effect of interfering ions on the recovery of the lead(II) was also investigated. The recovery of …

Evaluation Of Rockfish Abundance In Untrawlable Habitat: Combining Acoustic And Complementary Sampling Tools, Darin Jones, Christopher D. Wilson, Alex De Robertis, Chris Rooper, Thomas C. Weber, John L. Butler

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

—Rockfishes (Sebastes spp.) are an important component of North Pacific marine ecosystems and commercial fisheries. Because the rocky, high-relief substrate that rockfishes often inhabit is inaccessible to standard survey trawls, population abundance assessments for many rockfish species are difficult. As part of a large study to classify substrate and compare complementary sampling tools, we investigated the feasibility of using an acoustic survey in conjunction with a lowered stereo-video camera, a remotely operated vehicle, and a modified bottom trawl to estimate rockfish biomass in untrawlable habitat. The Snakehead Bank south of Kodiak Island, Alaska, was surveyed repeatedly over 4 days and …

Acoustic Sensing Of Gas Seeps In The Deep Ocean With Split-Beam Echosounders, Thomas C. Weber, Kevin W. Jerram, Larry A. Mayer

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

When in the form of free gas in the water column, methane seeps emanating from the seabed are strong acoustic targets that are often detectable from surface vessels using echo sounders.In addition to detecting that a seep is present at some location, it is also desirable to characterize the nature of the seep in terms of its morphology and flux rates. Here, we examine how much we can learn about seeps in the deep (> 1000 m) northern Gulf of Mexico using narrow-band split-beam echo sounders operating at fixed frequencies (18 kHz and 38 kHz).Methane seeps in this region are …

Mapping Gas Seeps With The Deepwater Multibeam Echosounder On Okeanos Explorer, Thomas C. Weber, Larry A. Mayer, Jonathan Beaudoin, Kevin W. Jerram, Mashkoor A. Malik, Bill Shedd, Glen Rice

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

No abstract provided.

Lefschetz Properties And Enumerations, David Cook Ii

Theses and Dissertations--Mathematics

An artinian standard graded algebra has the weak Lefschetz property if the multiplication by a general linear form induces maps of maximal rank between consecutive degree components. It has the strong Lefschetz property if the multiplication by powers of a general linear form also induce maps of maximal rank between the appropriate degree components. These properties are mainly studied for the constraints they place, when present, on the Hilbert series of the algebra. While the majority of research on the Lefschetz properties has focused on characteristic zero, we primarily consider the presence of the properties in positive characteristic. We study …

Analytic And Topological Combinatorics Of Partition Posets And Permutations, Jiyoon Jung

Theses and Dissertations--Mathematics

In this dissertation we first study partition posets and their topology. For each composition c we show that the order complex of the poset of pointed set partitions is a wedge of spheres of the same dimension with the multiplicity given by the number of permutations with descent composition c. Furthermore, the action of the symmetric group on the top homology is isomorphic to the Specht module of a border strip associated to the composition. We also study the filter of pointed set partitions generated by knapsack integer partitions. In the second half of this dissertation we study descent …

Handel's Maser-Solution Theory Of Ball Lightning: The Creation Of Stable Three-Dimensional Cavitons By An Atmospheric Maser With An Open Resonator, Glenn Andrew Carlson

Doctoral Dissertations

"This dissertation develops details of Handel's Maser-Soliton Theory of ball lightning. The atmosphere between a thundercloud and the Earth's surface is modeled as an idealized stable open resonator with water vapor as the active medium and the thundercloud and Earth's surface as reflecting surfaces. The stable resonator generates a maser beam that narrows to the beam waist at the Earth's surface, which is assumed to be planar. Two candidate rotational transitions are identified within the v₁v₂v₃ = 010 vibrational band of water having wavelengths of 13.9 cm and 1.12 cm, and relevant spectroscopic parameters are retrieved from the HITRAN 2008 …

Investigation Of Biomarkers For Noninvasive Early Diagnosis Of Cancer, Sanjeewa Bandara Gamagedara

Doctoral Dissertations

"Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide, and deaths from cancer worldwide are projected to continue rising, with an estimated 12 million deaths in 2030. Cancer occurs when cells in a part of the body begin to grow out of control. It develops very rapidly, and early diagnosis offers a greater chance of successful treatment and a higher survival rate. Biomarkers are good potential tools for early diagnosis. The main hypothesis of this study is that the levels of certain metabolites present in human urine can indicate the current or future behavior of cancer. Therefore, these studies focused …

Thirteenth Kenneth C. Schraut Memorial Lecture (Poster), University Of Dayton. Department Of Mathematics

Kenneth C. Schraut Memorial Lectures

No abstract provided.

Creating Macroscopes With Technology And Analytics: New Possibilities In Our Lives – The Important Role Of Tomorrow’S Mathematics Professionals (Abstract), Lilian S. Wu

Kenneth C. Schraut Memorial Lectures

Our world is increasingly computerized, interconnected, and instrumented with sensors. Massive amounts of data are being captured in computer systems about our natural environment and man-made engineered structures, processes, and systems. But it is necessary to make sense out of all this data. With new computer methods computers can in effect become macroscopes, enabling us to see the world portrayed by our data.

Loft: The Observatory For X-Ray Timing, M. Feroci, J. W. Den Herder, E. Bozzo, D. Barret, S. Brandt, M. Hernanz, M. Van Der Klis, M. Pohl, A. Santangelo, L Stella, A Watts, J Wilms, S Zane

Publications

The LOFT mission concept is one of four candidates selected by ESA for the M3 launch opportunity as Medium Size missions of the Cosmic Vision programme. The launch window is currently planned for between 2022 and 2024. LOFT is designed to exploit the diagnostics of rapid X-ray flux and spectral variability that directly probe the motion of matter down to distances very close to black holes and neutron stars, as well as the physical state of ultradense matter. These primary science goals will be addressed by a payload composed of a Large Area Detector (LAD) and a Wide Field Monitor …

Measuring The Stellar Accretion Rates Of Herbig Ae/Be Stars, Brian Donehew, Sean D. Brittain

Publications

The accretion rate of young stars is a fundamental characteristic of these systems.While accretion onto T Tauri stars has been studied extensively, little work has been done on measuring the accretion rate of their intermediate-mass analogs, the Herbig Ae/Be stars. Measuring the stellar accretion rate of Herbig Ae/Bes is not straightforward both because of the dearth of metal absorption lines available for veiling measurements and the intrinsic brightness of Herbig Ae/Be stars at ultraviolet wavelengths where the brightness of the accretion shock peaks. Alternative approaches to measuring the accretion rate of young stars by measuring the luminosity of proxies such …

Optical Mode Pattern Study Of Gan Based Leds With And Without Nanoscale Top Grating, Gregory Chavoor

Electrical Engineering

This study analyzes optical confinement factor and light emitting mode order for three different GaN LEDs: a conventional LED, thin Film LED, and thin Film LED with a photonic crystal (PhC) grating. For the first structure, we increase the thickness of Al_xGa_1-xN from 0 to 600nm, alter the x composition in Al_xGa_1-xN from 0.05 to 0.2 in steps of 0.05, and adjust the p-GaN and n-GaN thicknesses each from 0 to 200nm. For the second structure, we alter the n-GaN substrate thickness from 300-1000nm in steps of 100nm and 1000-4000nm in steps …

Micronekton And Macrozooplankton Of The Western Antarctic Peninsula And The Eastern Ross Sea: Contrast Between Two Different Thermal Regimes, Melanie Leigh Parker

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

ABSTRACT

Micronekton and macrozooplankton were sampled from the Western Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) and eastern Ross Sea regions. Samples were collected over the course of six research cruises to the Southern Ocean. Four of those cruises were conducted in the Marguerite Bay region of the WAP during the austral fall and winter of 2001 and 2002. A fifth cruise sampled faunal assemblages at nine sites, ranging from Joinville Island at the northern tip of the WAP to Charcot Island near the southern extent of the WAP, during austral fall 2010. A sixth cruise was conducted in the pack ice within the …

Development Of Materials And Structures For P-Type Contacts In Cdte Solar Cells, Dino Ferizovic

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Solar cells based on CdTe absorbers are attractive due to the optimal direct band gap energy and large absorption coefficient of CdTe, however, their performance and commercialization is hindered by the lack of reliable p-type contacts. CdTe has a low carrier concentration and a large electron affinity, which results in a requirement of non-realistic work functions for metals to be used as back contacts in the solar cell. Even noble metals such as Ag present a significantly large potential barrier for holes, thereby reducing the hole current through the semiconductor/metal interface. Several attempts to resolve this challenge have been …

Development And Optimization Of Kinetic Target-Guided Synthesis Approaches Targeting Protein-Protein Interactions Of The Bcl-2 Family, Sameer Shamrao Kulkarni

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Kinetic target-guided synthesis (TGS) and in situ click chemistry are among unconventional discovery strategies having the potential to streamline the development of protein-protein interaction modulators (PPIMs). In kinetic TGS and in situ click chemistry, the target is directly involved in the assembly of its own potent, bidentate ligand from a pool of reactive fragments. Herein, we report the use and validation of kinetic TGS based on the sulfo-click reaction between thio acids and sulfonyl azides as a screening and synthesis platform for the identification of high-quality PPIMs. Starting from a randomly designed library consisting of nine thio acids and nine …

Remote Sensing Of Whitings In The Bahamas, Ryan Allen Lloyd

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Whitings on both the Great Bahama Bank (GBB) and Little Bahama Bank (LBB) were evaluated using data collected from 2000-2010 by the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) instruments onboard the Terra and Aqua satellites. A semi-objective method was developed to classify whiting patches from other look-alike features using the recently developed Floating Algae Index (FAI) algorithm, an empirical cloud masking algorithm, and a gradient analysis from the 250-m resolution MODIS data. A total of 1,500 images with minimal cloud cover was used to calculate long-term and seasonal trends as well as an average daily coverage for both banks. Annual and …

Minimizing Recommended Error Costs Under Noisy Inputs In Rule-Based Expert Systems, Forest D. Thola

CCE Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation develops methods to minimize recommendation error costs when inputs to a rule-based expert system are prone to errors. The problem often arises in web-based applications where data are inherently noisy or provided by users who perceive some benefit from falsifying inputs. Prior studies proposed methods that attempted to minimize the probability of recommendation error, but did not take into account the relative costs of different types of errors. In situations where these differences are significant, an approach that minimizes the expected misclassification error costs has advantages over extant methods that ignore these costs.

Building on the existing literature, …

An Empirical Assessment Of Factors Contributing To Individuals' Propensity To Commit Software Piracy In The Bahamas, Raymond Cleophas Wells

CCE Theses and Dissertations

Researchers have found that software piracy worldwide over the years has significantly contributed to billions of dollars in lost revenue for many software firms. Software developers have found it difficult to create software that is not easily copied, thus, creating a software protection problem. Software piracy remains a global problem despite the significant effort to combat its prevalence.

Over the years, significant research has attempted to determine the factors that contribute to individuals' propensity to commit software piracy. Most of the research on software piracy has been limited to larger societies, with recommendations by researchers to extend similar studies to …