Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Iterative Solutions To The Steady-State Density Matrix For Optomechanical Systems, P. D. Nation, J. R. Johansson, M. P. Blencowe, A. J. Rimberg

Dartmouth Scholarship

We present a sparse matrix permutation from graph theory that gives stable incomplete Lower- Upper (LU) preconditioners necessary for iterative solutions to the steady state density matrix for quantum optomechanical systems. This reordering is efficient, adding little overhead to the computation, and results in a marked reduction in both memory and runtime requirements compared to other solution methods, with performance gains increasing with system size. Either of these benchmarks can be tuned via the preconditioner accuracy and solution tolerance. This reordering optimizes the condition number of the approximate inverse, and is the only method found to be stable at large …

Boscor: Extending R From The Desktop To The Grid, Derek J. Weitzel, Jaime Frey, Marco Mambelli, Dan Fraser, Miha Ahronovitz, David Swanson

Holland Computing Center: Faculty Publications

In this paper, we describe a framework to execute R functions on remote resources from the desktop using Bosco. The R language is attractive to researchers because of its high level programming constructs which lower the barrier of entry for use. As the use of the R programming language in HPC and High Throughput Computing (HTC) has grown, so too has the need for parallel libraries in order to utilize computing resources.

Bosco is middleware that uses common protocols to manage job submissions to a variety of remote computational platforms and resources. The researcher is able to control and monitor …

Multimessenger Search For Sources Of Gravitational Waves And High-Energy Neutrinos: Initial Results For Ligo-Virgo And Icecube, Tiffany Summerscales, Icecube Collaboration, Ligo Scientific Collaboration And The Virgo Collaboration

Faculty Publications

We report the results of a multimessenger search for coincident signals from the LIGO and Virgo gravitational-wave observatories and the partially completed IceCube high-energy neutrino detector, including periods of joint operation between 2007–2010. These include parts of the 2005–2007 run and the 2009–2010 run for LIGO-Virgo, and IceCube’s observation periods with 22, 59 and 79 strings. We find no significant coincident events, and use the search results to derive upper limits on the rate of joint sources for a range of source emission parameters. For the optimistic assumption of gravitational-wave emission energy of 10−2  M⊙c2 at ∼150  Hz with ∼60 …

Innovative Representations Of Light, Behaving As Both Particles And Waves, Among The Paintings Of Monet And Renoir, Charles Smith

Charles Kay Smith

Monet and Renoir, friends collaborating in open air about 1865, discovered that sunlight filtering through a canopy of tree leaves does not produce the splotches and dapples that studio artists conventionally represented at the time but circles of light. Sometimes the circles of light punctuating the shade are clear, separate and crisp, as though light is being propagated as particles, but if the pin-hole gaps between leaves are very close together, they will project compound or superimposed circles that look like the waves that Thomas Young saw in his double slit experiment in 1803-4. Newton’s Opticks published in 1704 had …

Warm Water Benthic Foraminifera Document The Pennsylvanian-Permian Warming And Cooling Events – The Record From The Western Pangea Tropical Shelves, Vladimir Davydov

Geosciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

Shallow warm water benthic foraminifera (SWWBF), including all larger fusulinids (symbiont-bearing benthic foraminifera), are among the best indicators of paleoclimate and paleogeography in the Carboniferous and Permian. The distribution of benthic foraminifera in space and time constrain important tectonic, paleogeographic and climatic events at a global scale. The North American shelves during Pennsylvanian and Permian time - though geographically within the tropical belt - are characterized by temperate environments with significantly lower foraminifera diversification and rare occurrences of warm water Tethyan forms, that are in general appear in the region as a migration entities. Such environments allow documentation of warming …

Non-Invasive Clinical Parameters For The Prediction Of Urodynamic Bladder Outlet Obstruction: Analysis Using Causal Bayesian Networks, Myong Kim, Abhilash Cheeti, Changwon Yoo, Minsoo Choo, Jae-Seung Paick, Seung-June Oh

School of Computing and Information Sciences

Purpose: To identify non-invasive clinical parameters to predict urodynamic bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) using causal Bayesian networks (CBN). Subjects and Methods: From October 2004 to August 2013, 1,381 eligible BPH patients with complete data were selected for analysis. The following clinical variables were considered: age, total prostate volume (TPV), transition zone volume (TZV), prostate specific antigen (PSA), maximum flow rate (Qmax), and post-void residual volume (PVR) on uroflowmetry, and International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS). Among these variables, the independent predictors of BOO were selected using the CBN model. The predictive performance of the …

Characterization Of The Differentiation And Leptin Secretion Profile Of Adult Stem Cells On Patterned Polylactide Films, Aditya Chaubey, Kevin J. Ross, Malcolm R. Leadbetter, Cheryl T. Gomillion, Karen J.L. Burg

Kevin J. Ross

Several issues need to be better understood before breast tissue engineering becomes a clinically viable option. One of the most important aspects is the interaction between cells and the microtopography of the implant surface. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of D1 cells, multipotent mouse bone marrow stromal precursors, in differentiating to adipocytes and to characterize their metabolic activity (lactic acid released and glucose consumed), leptin secretion and lipid production when cultured on patterned poly(L-lactide) (PLLA) films. It was determined that, by appropriate stimulation, the D1 cells displayed morphological characteristics of adipocytes and produced lipid. The …

Cefepime Neurotoxicity In An Adolescent Cystic Fibrosis Patient With Aminoglycoside-Induced Acute Kidney Injury, Kristen R. Nichols, Danielle M. Brown, Chad A. Knoderer, Sharon P. Andreoli

Chad A. Knoderer

Objective: To describe a case of cefepime neurotoxicity in an adolescent with cystic fibrosis and aminoglycoside-associated acute kidney injury (AKI). Case Summary: A 15-year-old, 46-kg male with cystic fibrosis (CF) and chronic sinusitis was admitted to the hospital for CF exacerbation. The patient was subsequently discharged to complete home antibiotic therapy with intravenous gentamicin and cefepime. Thirteen days after discharge, while still receiving intravenous antibiotics, the patient presented to an outside hospital complaining of vomiting, fatigue, decreased appetite, and decreased urine output. The patient was diagnosed with AKI and was transferred to our institution, where he displayed signs and symptoms …

Iii: Small: Information Integration And Human Interaction For Indoor And Outdoor Spaces, Michael Worboys, Nicholas Giudice

University of Maine Office of Research Administration: Grant Reports

The goal of this research project is to provide a framework model that integrates existing models of indoor and outdoor space, and to use this model to develop an interactive platform for navigation in mixed indoor and outdoor spaces. The user should feel the transition between inside and outside to be seamless, in terms of the navigational support provided. The approach consists of integration of indoors and outdoors on several levels: conceptual models (ontologies), formal system designs, data models, and human interaction. At the conceptual level, the project draws on existing ontologies as well as examining the "affordances" that the …

Protecting Web Servers From Web Robot Traffic, Derek Doran

Kno.e.sis Publications

No abstract provided.

Non-Vacuum Ads Cosmologies And The Approach To Equilibrium Of Entanglement Entropy, Sebastian Fischetti, David Kastor, Jennie Traschen

David Kastor

We extend standard results for vacuum asymptotically locally AdS (AlAdS) spacetimes, showing that such spacetimes can be constructed as foliations where the induced metric on each hypersurface satisfies Einstein's equation with stress-energy. By an appropriate choice of stress-energy on the hypersurfaces, the resulting AlAdS spacetime satisfies Einstein's equation with a negative cosmological constant and physical stress tensor. We use this construction to obtain AlAdS solutions whose boundaries are FRW cosmologies sourced by a massless scalar field or by a perfect fluid obeying the strong energy condition. We focus on FRW universes that approach Minkowski spacetime at late times, yielding AlAdS …

Thermal Structure Of An Exoplanet Atmosphere From Phase-Resolved Emission Spectroscopy, Kevin B. Stevenson, Jean-Michel Désert, Michael R. Line, Jacob L. Bean, Jonathan J. Fortney, Adam P. Showman, Tiffany Kataria, Laura Kreidberg, Peter R. Mccullough, Gregory W. Henry, David Charbonneau, Adam Burrows, Sara Seager, Nikku Madhusudhan, Michael H. Williamson, Derek Homeier

Information Systems and Engineering Management Research Publications

Exoplanets that orbit close to their host stars are much more highly irradiated than their solar system counterparts. Understanding the thermal structures and appearances of these planets requires investigating how their atmospheres respond to such extreme stellar forcing. We present spectroscopic thermal emission measurements as a function of orbital phase (“phase-curve observations”) for the highly irradiated exoplanet WASP-43b spanning three full planet rotations using the Hubble Space Telescope. With these data, we construct a map of the planet’s atmospheric thermal structure, from which we find large day-night temperature variations at all measured altitudes and a monotonically decreasing temperature with pressure …

Preserving Central Ohio’S History: A Study Of Why It Must Be A Consultant To The Business, Gregory J. Syferd

Learning Showcase 2014

Columbus Metropolitan Library (CML) introduced digital images as part of its website nearly 10 years ago. The initial collection featured local artists, historical photographs, and newspaper articles. Since 2012, the collection has continued to grow to include nearly a dozen distinct repositories and hundreds of thousands of unique records. Furthermore, CML has created partnerships with local organizations to preserve Columbus’ unique and rich history.

In 2015, CML looks to further scale its digital collections. Through a grant, which provided specialized large format and a book scanner, CML will share historical photos and artifacts, many of which are generously provided by …

Artificial Intelligence And Elearning 4.0: A New Paradigm In Higher Education, Leslie J. King, Wenxia Wu

Learning Showcase 2014

John Markoff (2006, para.2) was the first to coin the phrase Web 3.0 in The New York Times in 2006, with the notion the next evolution of the web would contain a layer “that can reason in human fashion.” With the emergence of Web 3.0 technology and the promise of impact on higher education, Web 3.0 will usher in a new age of artificial intelligence by increasing access to a global database of intelligence. Bill Mark, former VP of Siri note, “We’re moving to a world where the technology does a better job of understanding higher level intent and completes …

An Alternative Goodness-Of-Fit Test For Normality With Unknown Parameters, Weiling Shi

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Goodness-of-fit tests have been studied by many researchers. Among them, an alternative statistical test for uniformity was proposed by Chen and Ye (2009). The test was used by Xiong (2010) to test normality for the case that both location parameter and scale parameter of the normal distribution are known. The purpose of the present thesis is to extend the result to the case that the parameters are unknown. A table for the critical values of the test statistic is obtained using Monte Carlo simulation. The performance of the proposed test is compared with the Shapiro-Wilk test and the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. …

Techniques For Efficient Execution Of Large-Scale Scientific Workflows In Distributed Environments, Selim Kalayci

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Scientific exploration demands heavy usage of computational resources for large-scale and deep analysis in many different fields. The complexity or the sheer scale of the computational studies can sometimes be encapsulated in the form of a workflow that is made up of numerous dependent components. Due to its decomposable and parallelizable nature, different components of a scientific workflow may be mapped over a distributed resource infrastructure to reduce time to results. However, the resource infrastructure may be heterogeneous, dynamic, and under diverse administrative control. Workflow management tools are utilized to help manage and deal with various aspects in the lifecycle …

Bayesian Analysis For Stellar Evolution With Nine Parameters (Base-9): User's Manual, Ted Von Hippel, Elliot Robinson, Elizabeth Jeffery, Rachel Wagner-Kaiser, Steven Degennaro, Nathan Stein, David Stenning, William H. Jefferys, David Van Dyk

Publications

BASE-9 is a Bayesian software suite that recovers star cluster and stellar parameters from photometry. BASE-9 is useful for analyzing single-age, single-metallicity star clusters, binaries, or single stars, and for simulating such systems. BASE-9 uses Markov chain Monte Carlo and brute-force numerical integration techniques to estimate the posterior probability distributions for the age, metallicity, helium abundance, distance modulus, and line-of-sight absorption for a cluster, and the mass, binary mass ratio, and cluster membership probability for every stellar object. BASE-9 is provided as open source code on a version-controlled web server. The executables are also available as Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud …

Agricultural Advisors As Climate Information Intermediaries: Exploring Differences In Capacity To Communicate Climate, Tonya Haigh, Lois Wright Morton, Maria Carmen Lemos, Cody Knutson, Linda Stalker Prokopy, Yun Jia Lo, Jim Angel

Drought Mitigation Center: Faculty Publications

Although agricultural production faces chronic stress associated with extreme precipitation events, high temperatures, drought, and shifts in climate conditions, adoption of climate information into agricultural decision making has been relatively limited. Agricultural advisors have been shown to play important roles as information intermediaries between scientists and farmers, brokering, translating, and adding value to agronomic and economic information of use in agricultural management decision making. Yet little is known about the readiness of different types of agricultural advisors to use weather and climate information to help their clients manage risk under increasing climate uncertainty. More than 1700 agricultural advisors in four …

Characterization And Modeling Of Nonlinear Dark Current In Digital Imagers, Justin Charles Dunlap

Dissertations and Theses

Dark current is an unwanted source of noise in images produced by digital imagers, the de facto standard of imaging. The two most common types of digital imager architectures, Charged-Coupled Devices (CCDs) and Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (CMOS), are both prone to this noise source. To accurately reflect the information from light signals this noise must be removed. This practice is especially vital for scientific purposes such as in astronomical observations.

Presented in this dissertation are characterizations of dark current sources that present complications to the traditional methods of correction. In particular, it is observed that pixels in both CCDs and CMOS …

Vernal Pool: A Participatory Art Project About Place + Precipitation, Karen Miranda Abel, Jessica Marion Barr

The Goose

Produced by Karen Miranda Abel with Jessica Marion Barr, Vernal Pool is an immersive, elemental water installation created as a participatory, contemplative inquiry into our transitory interrelationships with water and landscape. From November 2013 to April 2014, 114 individuals across Canada and abroad gathered snow samples as a form of extrinsic artistic practice about place and precipitation. With the arrival of spring, the reservoir of melted snow was convened for four days at Toronto’s historic Gladstone Hotel to create Vernal Pool.

Self-Assembly And Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization Of A Bifunctional Carbonate–Stilbene Macrocycle, Yuewen Xu, Weiwei L. Xu, Mark D. Smith, Linda S. Shimizu

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

The Power Of Principled Bayesian Methods In The Study Of Stellar Evolution, Ted Von Hippel, David Van Dyk, David Stenning, Elliot Robinson, Elizabeth Jeffery, Nathan Stein, William Jefferys, Erin M. O'Malley

Publications

It takes years of effort employing the best telescopes and in- struments to obtain high-quality stellar photometry, astrometry, and spectroscopy. Stellar evolution models contain the experience of life- times of theoretical calculations and testing. Yet most astronomers fit these valuable models to these precious datasets by eye. We show that a principled Bayesian approach to fitting models to stellar data yields substantially more information over a range of stellar astrophysics. We highlight advances in determining the ages of star clusters, mass ratios of binary stars, limitations in the accuracy of stellar models, post-main-sequence mass loss, and the ages of individual …

Development Of A Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Method For The Detection Of Benzodiazepines In Urine, Erika L. Doctor

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Benzodiazepines are among the most prescribed compounds for anti-anxiety and are present in many toxicological screens. These drugs are also prominent in the commission of drug facilitated sexual assaults due their effects on the central nervous system. Due to their potency, a low dose of these compounds is often administered to victims; therefore, the target detection limit for these compounds in biological samples is 10 ng/mL. Currently these compounds are predominantly analyzed using immunoassay techniques; however more specific screening methods are needed.

The goal of this dissertation was to develop a rapid, specific screening technique for benzodiazepines in urine samples …

Exploring The Use Of Everglades Agricultural Area Canal Water As Base Medium For The Mass Production Of Algae For Biofuels, Nina N. De La Rosa

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Freshwater use is a major concern in the mass production of algae for biofuels. This project examined the use of canal water obtained from the Everglades Agricultural Area as a base medium for the mass production of algae. This water is not suitable for human consumption, and it is currently used for crop irrigation. A variety of canals were found to be suitable for water collection. Comparison of two methods for algal production showed no significant difference in biomass accumulation. It was discovered that synthetic reticulated foam can be used for algal biomass collection and harvest, and there is potential …

Diffusion And Adsorption Coefficients Of Aromatic Hydrocarbons In Gas Chromatography Capillary Columns, Gabriela Navarro Tovar

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

This study focuses on a mathematical description of aromatic species elution peaks from a gas chromatographic BPX5 capillary column. Using the chromatographic peaks, statistical moments are calculated for toluene, naphthalene, phenol and 2-naphthol. This thesis reports two modelling approaches involving laminar gas flow, distribution coefficients (K_s) and diffusion coefficients in the stationary phase (D_s).

Firstly, a model with equilibrium adsorption is considered to describe symmetric peaks for toluene and naphthalene. Moreover, a model with non-equilibrium adsorption is proposed to describe asymmetric peaks of phenol and 2-napthol. In addition to the K_s and D …

Modulation Of The Cardiac Calcium Release Channel By Homocysteine Thiolactone, Laura Jean Owen

Dissertations and Theses

Elevated levels in blood serum (≥10μmol/L) of the amino acid homocysteine is strongly correlated with the incidence of heart failure (HF). We present evidence that the cyclic thioester, homocysteine thiolactone (HTL), a metabolic product of homocysteine, irreversibly modifies proteins that regulate the contractile process in cardiac muscle. Two proteins found in the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), the Ca²⁺ pump (SERCA2), and the ryanodine receptor (RyR2), are responsible for controlling the cytosolic Ca²⁺ concentration and hence the contractile state of the heart. While both improper Ca²⁺ handling and elevated homocysteine levels have been considered bio-markers in HF, a direct …

Making The Journey From A Traditional Model To An Online Model, Jenny Shrensker, Nazire Koc

Jenny Shrensker

The Santa Clara, 2014-11-13, Santa Clara University

The Santa Clara

No abstract provided.

Personalized Evaluation Of Biomarker Value: A Cost-Benefit Perspective, Ying Huang, Eric Laber

UW Biostatistics Working Paper Series

For a patient who is facing a treatment decision, the added value of information provided by a biomarker depends on the individual patient’s expected response to treatment with and without the biomarker, as well as his/her tolerance of disease and treatment harm. However, individualized estimators of the value of a biomarker are lacking. We propose a new graphical tool named the subject-specific expected benefit curve for quantifying the personalized value of a biomarker in aiding a treatment decision. We develop semiparametric estimators for two general settings: i) when biomarker data are available from a randomized trial; and ii) when biomarker …

Evidence Of Climate Variability And Tropical Cyclone Activity From Diatom Assemblage Dynamics In Coastal Southwest Florida, Emily R. Nodine

FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Estuaries are dynamic on many spatial and temporal scales. Distinguishing effects of unpredictable events from cyclical patterns can be challenging but important to predict the influence of press and pulse drivers in the face of climate change. Diatom assemblages respond rapidly to changing environmental conditions and characterize change on multiple time scales. The goals of this research were to 1) characterize diatom assemblages in the Charlotte Harbor watershed, their relationships with water quality parameters, and how they change in response to climate; and 2) use assemblages in sediment cores to interpret past climate changes and tropical cyclone activity.

Diatom assemblages …