Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Lidar Aboveground Vegetation Biomass Estimates In Shrublands: Prediction, Uncertainties And Application To Coarser Scales, Aihua Li, Shital Dhakal, Nancy F. Glenn, Lucas P. Spaete

Geosciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

Our study objectives were to model the aboveground biomass in a xeric shrub-steppe landscape with airborne light detection and ranging (Lidar) and explore the uncertainty associated with the models we created. We incorporated vegetation vertical structure information obtained from Lidar with ground-measured biomass data, allowing us to scale shrub biomass from small field sites (1 m subplots and 1 ha plots) to a larger landscape. A series of airborne Lidar-derived vegetation metrics were trained and linked with the field-measured biomass in Random Forests (RF) regression models. A Stepwise Multiple Regression (SMR) model was also explored as a comparison. Our results …

Ice Nucleation Parameterization And Relative Humidity Distribution In Idealized Squall-Line Simulations, Minghui Diao, George Bryan, Hugh Morrison, Jorgen Jensen

Faculty Publications, Meteorology and Climate Science

Output from idealized simulations of a squall line are compared with in situ aircraft-based observations from the Deep Convective Clouds and Chemistry campaign. Relative humidity distributions around convection are compared between 1-Hz aircraft observations (≈250-m horizontal scale) and simulations using a double-moment bulk microphysics scheme at three horizontal grid spacings: Δx = 0.25, 1, and 4 km. The comparisons focus on the horizontal extent of ice supersaturated regions (ISSRs), the maximum and average relative humidity with respect to ice (RHi) in ISSRs, and the ice microphysical properties during cirrus cloud evolution, with simulations at 0.25 and 1 km providing better …

Charged Higgs Production With A W Boson Via B-Quark Annihilatiom, Nikolaos Kidonakis

Faculty Articles

I present theoretical calculations for charged Higgs production in association with a W boson via bottom quark annihilation. I discuss higher-order radiative corrections from collinear and soft gluon emission and show that they are important. I present theoretical results for total cross sections, and for transverse-momentum and rapidity distributions of the charged Higgs boson at LHC energies.

Top-Pair And Tw Production At Approximate N3lo, Nikolaos Kidonakis

Faculty Articles

I present approximate N3LO theoretical results for top-antitop pair production, and for single-top production in association with a W boson. The higher-order corrections are from soft-gluon radiation, which is dominant near partonic threshold. I present results for total cross sections as well as transverse-momentum and rapidity distributions of the top quark, and compare with data at LHC energies.

Charged Higgs Production With A W Boson Or A Top Quark, Nikolaos Kidonakis

Faculty Articles

I present theoretical results for charged Higgs production in association with a W boson or a top quark at the LHC. I calculate higher-order threshold corrections and show that they are very significant. I present detailed results for total cross sections as well as transverse-momentum and rapidity distributions for various LHC energies.

Search For Λ + C → Φ P Π 0 And Branching Fraction Measurement Of Λ + C → K − Π + P Π 0, B. Pal Et Al., D. Joffe, Ratnappuli L. Kulasiri

Faculty Articles

We have searched for the Cabibbo-suppressed decay Λ+c→ϕpπ0 in e+e− collisions using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 915 fb−1. The data were collected by the Belle experiment at the KEKB e+e− asymmetric-energy collider running at or near the Υ(4S) and Υ(5S)resonances. No significant signal is observed, and we set an upper limit on the branching fraction of B(Λ+c→ϕpπ0)<15.3×10−5 at 90% confidence level. The contribution of nonresonant Λ+c→K+K−pπ0 decays is found to be consistent with zero, and the corresponding upper limit on its branching fraction is set to be B(Λ+c→K+K−pπ0)NR<6.3×10−5 at 90% confidence level. We also search for an intermediate hidden-strangeness pentaquark decay P+s→ϕp. We see no evidence for this intermediate decay and set an upper limit on the product branching fraction of B(Λ+c→P+sπ0)×B(P+s→ϕp)<8.3×10−5 at 90% confidence level. Finally, we measure the branching fraction for the Cabibbo-favored decay Λ+c→K−π+pπ0; the result is B(Λ+c→K−π+pπ0)=(4.42±0.05(stat)±0.12(syst)±0.16(norm))%, which is the most precise measurement to date.

Study Of Η And Dipion Transitions In Υ(4 S) Decays To Lower Bottomonia, E. Guido Et Al., D. Joffe, Ratnappuli L. Kulasiri

Faculty Articles

We study hadronic transitions between bottomonium states using 496 fb−1 data collected at the Υ(4S)resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric energy e+e− collider. We measure B(Υ(4S)→π+π−Υ(1S))=(8.2±0.5(stat)±0.4(syst))×10−5, B(Υ(4S)→π+π−Υ(2S))=(7.9±1.0(stat)±0.4(syst))×10−5, and B(Υ(4S)→ηΥ(1S))=(1.70±0.23(stat)±0.08(syst))×10−4. We measure the ratio of branching fractions R=B(Υ(4S)→ηΥ(1S))/B(Υ(4S)→π+π−Υ(1S))=2.07±0.30(stat)±0.11(syst). We search for the decay Υ(13D1,2)→ηΥ(1S), but do not find significant evidence for such a transition. We also measure the initial-state radiation production cross sections of the Υ(2S,3S) resonances and we find values compatible with the expected ones. Finally, the analysis of the Υ(4S)→π+π−Υ(1S)events shows indications for a resonant contribution due to the f0(980) meson.

Aquachlorido(2-{[6-(Dimethylamino)Pyrimidin-4- Yl]Sulfanyl}Pyrimidine-4,6-Diamine)Copper(Ii) Chloride Hydrate, Tristen E. Moyaert, Christina Paul, Weibin Chan, Amy A. Sarjeant, Louise N. Dawe

Chemistry Faculty Publications

A copper(II) complex of the non-symmetric bidentate ligand 2-{[6-(di­methyl­amino)­pyrimidin-4-yl]sulfan­yl}pyrimidine-4,6-di­amine (L1) is reported. The single-crystal X-ray structure of aqua­[aqua/chlorido­(0.49/0.51)](2-{[6-(di­methyl­amino)­pyrimidin-4-yl]sulfan­yl}pyrimidine-4,6-di­amine)­copper(II) 0.49-chloride 1.51-hydrate, [CuCl_1.51(C₁₀H₁₃N₇S)(H₂O)_1.49]Cl_0.49·1.51H₂O or [(L1)Cl_1.51(H₂O)_1.49Cu]0.49Cl·1.51H₂O, exhibits distorted square-pyramidal geometry around the metal centre, with disorder in the axial position, occupied by chloride or water. The six-membered metal–chelate ring is in a boat conformation, and short inter­molecular S- - -S inter­actions are observed. In addition to its capacity for bidentate metal coordination, the ligand has …

What Does Playing Games Teach Us About A Student's Ethical Life?, Robert Mccloud, Tamara Luarasi

WCBT Faculty Publications

Most of our students play video games. A substantial percentage of our students is required to take a computer ethics course before graduation. Both ACM and ABET require some form of computer ethics. This paper addresses gaming ethics as a subset of the computer ethics course. Specifically it considers the case of Grand Theft Auto (GTA), one of the most successful and most criticized game franchises. Through interviews with computer science students the study looks at mainstream reaction to GTA and finds that computer science students, probably one of the more sophisticated groups of gamers, have sometimes surprising ethical views …

Robust Odd-Parity Superconductivity In The Doped Topological Insulator Nbₓbi₂Se₃, M. P. Smylie, K. Willa, H. Claus, A. Snezhko, I. Martin, W.-K. Kwok, Y. Qiu, Yew San Hor, E. Bokari, P. Niraula, A. Kayani, V. Mishra, U. Welp

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

We present resistivity and magnetization measurements on proton-irradiated crystals demonstrating that the superconducting state in the doped topological insulator Nb_xBi₂Se₃ (x=0.25) is surprisingly robust against disorder-induced electron scattering. The superconducting transition temperature T_C decreases without indication of saturation with increasing defect concentration, and the corresponding scattering rates far surpass expectations based on conventional theory. The low-temperature variation of the London penetration depth Δλ(T) follows a power law [Δλ(T)T²] indicating the presence of symmetry-protected point nodes. Our results are consistent with the proposed robust nematic E_u pairing state in this material.

Methods For Real-Time Prediction Of The Mode Of Travel Using Smartphone-Based Gps And Accelerometer Data, Bryan D. Martin, Vittorio Addona, Julian Wolfson, Gediminas Adomavicius, Yingling Fan

Faculty Publications

We propose and compare combinations of several methods for classifying transportation activity data from smartphone GPS and accelerometer sensors. We have two main objectives. First, we aim to classify our data as accurately as possible. Second, we aim to reduce the dimensionality of the data as much as possible in order to reduce the computational burden of the classification. We combine dimension reduction and classification algorithms and compare them with a metric that balances accuracy and dimensionality. In doing so, we develop a classification algorithm that accurately classifies five different modes of transportation (i.e., walking, biking, car, bus and rail) …

Alignment Of The (3D104S5S)3S1 State Of Zn Excited By Polarized Electron Impact, Nathan B. Clayburn, Timothy J. Gay

Timothy J. Gay Publications

We measure the integrated Stokes parameters of light from Zn (4s4p)4³P_0,1-(4s5s)5³S₁ transitions excited by a transversely polarized electron impact at energies between 7.0 and 8.5 eV. Our results for the electron-polarization-normalized linear polarization Stokes parameter P₂, between incident electron energies 7.0 and 7.4 eV, are consistent with zero, as required by basic angular-momentum coupling considerations and by recent theoretical calculations. They are in qualitative disagreement with previous experimental results for the P₂ parameter.

Interaction Between Air Plasma-Produced Aqueous 1o2 And The Spin Trap Dmpo In Electron Spin Resonance, Chen Chen, Fanying Li, Hai-Lan Chen, Michael G. Kong

Bioelectrics Publications

A series of electron spin resonance (ESR) experiments is done to quantitatively measure the concentrations of aqueous ¹O₂ and OH produced by a surface micro-discharge air plasma device. ¹O₂ is tested to be existed in the plasma treated solution by using the spin trap of TEMP. However, the unexpected DMPOX spectrum is observed in measuringOH by the spin trap of 5,5-Dimethyl-1-Pyrroline-N-Oxide (DMPO). With more chemical scavenger experiments, it is found that removal of aqueous ¹O₂ leads to the disappearance of DMPOX in ESR. Therefore, the generation of DMPOX is directly related to the oxidation …

Ns-K-Nn: Neutrosophic Set-Based K-Nearest Neighbors Classifier, Florentin Smarandache, Yaman Akbulut, Abdulkadir Sengur, Yanhui Guo

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

k-nearest neighbors (k-NN), which is known to be a simple and efficient approach, is a non-parametric supervised classifier. It aims to determine the class label of an unknown sample by its k-nearest neighbors that are stored in a training set. The k-nearest neighbors are determined based on some distance functions. Although k-NN produces successful results, there have been some extensions for improving its precision. The neutrosophic set (NS) defines three memberships namely T, I and F. T, I, and F shows the truth membership degree, the false membership degree, and the indeterminacy membership degree, respectively. In this paper, the NS …

Iowa Waste Reduction Center Newsletter, September 2017, University Of Northern Iowa. Iowa Waste Reduction Center.

Iowa Waste Reduction Center Newsletter

Inside this Issue:

--- It's Pollution Prevention Week!
--- Presentations from the Midwest Food Recovery Summit Available to View and Download
--- Environmental Compliance Lunch & Learn Scheduled in Garner
--- GrainPTE - Free Online Calculation Tool
--- Industry News

How Singapore Investors Can Profit From Unstructured Data, Clarence Goh

Research Collection School Of Accountancy

Data that is collected in the business environment can be structured or unstructured. In general, structured data refers to information which is highly organised and which can easily be stored in rows and columns within database systems. On the other hand, unstructured data does not have a strict data structure, and is also not organised in a pre-defined manner.

Dietary Guidelines And Its Implications For Coconut Oil, Fabian M. Dayrit

Chemistry Faculty Publications

The dietary advice that is generally followed nationally and internationally closely follows the Dietary Guidelines for Americans which was first published in 1980 and which has been through eight editions. All of the editions of the Dietary Guidelines recommend a diet that is low in fat, and most editions recommend the replacement of saturated fat with polyunsaturated fat. This recommendation is based on the saturated fat-cholesterol-heart disease hypothesis that was first proposed by Ancel Keys in the 1950s. Coconut oil was labeled as unhealthy because of its high saturated fat composition. However, this label is unwarranted. Re-analysis of the work …

Stochastic Quasilinear Evolution Equations In Umd Banach Spaces, Manil T. Mohan, Sivaguru S. Sritharan

Faculty Publications

In this work we prove the existence and uniqueness up to a stopping time for the stochastic counterpart of Tosio Kato's quasilinear evolutions in UMD Banach spaces. These class of evolutions are known to cover a large class of physically important nonlinear partial differential equations. Existence of a unique maximal solution as well as an estimate on the probability of positivity of stopping time is obtained. An example of stochastic Euler and Navier–Stokes equation is also given as an application of abstract theory to concrete models.

Mobile Radar As An Undergraduate Education And Research Tool: The Erau C-Breese Field Experience With The Doppler On Wheels, Shawn M. Milrad, Christopher G. Herbster

Publications

Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University Convective-Boundary Research Engaging Educational Student Experiences (ERAU C-BREESE) was an 18-day National Science Foundation (NSF)-funded educational Doppler on Wheels (DOW) deployment through the Center for Severe Weather Research in May 2015. ERAU C-BREESE had three primary areas of focus: meteorological field observations and research, undergraduate experiential learning, and local community outreach. ERAU undergraduate meteorology students had the unique opportunity to forecast for, collect, and analyze field measurements of sea-breeze processes and convection. The scientific objectives of ERAU C-BREESE were to forecast, observe, and analyze central Florida sea-breeze processes and thunderstorms by combining a DOW with more traditional …

A Novel Privacy Preserving User Identification Approach For Network Traffic, Nathan Clarke, Fudong Li, Steven Furnell

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

The prevalence of the Internet and cloud-based applications, alongside the technological evolution of smartphones, tablets and smartwatches, has resulted in users relying upon network connectivity more than ever before. This results in an increasingly voluminous footprint with respect to the network traffic that is created as a consequence. For network forensic examiners, this traffic represents a vital source of independent evidence in an environment where anti-forensics is increasingly challenging the validity of computer-based forensics. Performing network forensics today largely focuses upon an analysis based upon the Internet Protocol (IP) address – as this is the only characteristic available. More typically, …

Tropical Cyclones Disrupt The Relationship Between Tree Height And Species Diversity: Comment, Teng-Chiu Lin, Lixin Wang, Chengyang Zheng, Ryan W. Mcewan, Chung-Te Chang, Jyh-Min Chiang, Chung-Hao Chi

Biology Faculty Publications

In a recent report on the patterns of tree species richness in eastern and western North America, Marks et al. (2016) claimed to have identified an operational indicator of environmental harshness (maximum tree height) and concluded that environmental stressors that limit tree height also act as ecological filters on species richness. Marks et al. (2017) attributed the positive association between species richness and maximum tree height to both the direct effects of environmental harshness on species richness and the indirect effects of environmental harshness on species richness as mediated by maximum tree height.

This finding overlooked the fact that many …

Time Varying Parameter Estimation Scheme For A Linear Stochastic Differential Equation, Olusegun Michael Otunuga

Mathematics Faculty Research

In this work, an attempt is made to estimate time varying parameters in a linear stochastic differential equation. By defining mk as the local admissible sample/data observation size at time tk, parameters and state at time tk are estimated using past data on interval [tk−mk+1, tk]. We show that the parameter estimates at each time tk converge in probability to the true value of the parameters being estimated. A numerical simulation is presented by applying the local lagged adapted generalized method of moments (LLGMM) method to the stochastic differential models governing prices of energy …

Incorporation Of Sea Level Change Scenarios Into Norfolk Harbor And Channels Deepening Study & Elizabeth River Southern Branch Navigation Improvements Study : Final Report, Rico Wang, Jian Shen, Mac Sisson

Reports

Previously the VIMS modeling group has studied the impact of channel deepening on the water quality in lower James River, including Norfolk Harbor and Elizabeth River. A study of the response of the water quality to future Sea Level Change (SLC) is required by present USACE guidance (ER 1100-2-8162 and ETL 1100-2-1). ETL 1100-2-1 recommends analyzing the effects of SLC on the projects at three future time periods of post-construction, including 20 years, 50 years, and 100 years. The future change of sea level is mainly caused by the sea level rise (SLR) in this region. This document provides results …

An Spm Stage Driven By 3 Stepper Motors, Jianghua Bai, Andres H. La Rosa

Physics Faculty Publications and Presentations

A Scanning Probe Microscope (SPM) stage controlled by 3 stepper motors is designed in this project. The SPM stage controlled by 3 steppers is more versatile than a stage controlled by one motor, but the control of the system is more complicated. In this project, we build the stage actions in an Arduino microcontroller. A finite state machine (FSM) is also built in Arduino to communicate with a PC and an RF controller. A special displaying scheme which has 5 states, is also employed to indicate the operation of the stage. Finally, the SPM stage is fully tested and has …

Prozac In The Water: Chronic Fluoxetine Exposure And Predation Risk Interact To Shape Behaviors In An Estuarine Crab, Joseph R. Peters, Elise F. Granek, Catherine E. De Rivera, Matthew Rollins

Environmental Science and Management Faculty Publications and Presentations

Predators exert considerable top-down pressure on ecosystems by directly consuming prey or indirectly influencing their foraging behaviors and habitat use. Prey is, therefore, forced to balance predation risk with resource reward. A growing list of anthropogenic stressors such as rising temperatures and ocean acidification has been shown to influence prey risk behaviors and subsequently alter important ecosystem processes. Yet, limited attention has been paid to the effects of chronic pharmaceutical exposure on risk behavior or as an ecological stressor, despite widespread detection and persistence of these contaminants in aquatic environments. In the laboratory, we simulated estuarine conditions of the shore …

Analysis Of Security In Big Data Related To Healthcare, Isabel De La Torre, Begoña García-Zapirain, Miguel López-Coronado

Journal of Digital Forensics, Security and Law

Big data facilitates the processing and management of huge amounts of data. In health, the main information source is the electronic health record with others being the Internet and social media. Health-related data refers to storage in big data based on and shared via electronic means. Why are criminal organisations interested in this data? These organisations can blackmail people with information related to their health condition or sell the information to marketing companies, etc. This article analyses healthcare-related big data security and proposes different solutions. There are different techniques available to help preserve privacy such as data modification techniques, cryptographic …

Possession Of Child Exploitation Material In Computer Temporary Internet Cache, Sungmi Park, Yunsik Jake Jang, Joshua I. James

Journal of Digital Forensics, Security and Law

When considering the possession of child exploitation material U.S. and German courts have the same focus, but slightly different interpretations. This slight difference in interpretation could mean that in one country a defendant will be found guilty of possession while in the other country he or she could be found not guilty. In this work we examine the standards courts in Germany and the United States have used to combat child pornography, and analyze the approaches specifically related to viewing and possession of CEM. A uniform solution is suggested that criminalizes “knowing access with the intention to view” as a …

The Use Of Information Technologies To Combat Counterfeit Alcohol Products And Ensure The Right To Life In Russia, Pavel Syosoevich Pastukhov, Svetlana Polyakova, Evelina Frolovich

Journal of Digital Forensics, Security and Law

The paper is aimed to analyze implementation of an integrated information system that provides forecasting, monitoring, prevention and elimination of possible threats, such as violation of information support of public authorities, businesses and municipal services and others as well as control of elimination of consequences of emergency situations and offenses with integration under its control action information and control duty subsystems, control, municipal services for their operational cooperation in the interests of of the municipality. In particular, it consideres how this unified system is applied in accounting of production volume and turnover of ethyl alcohol, alcoholic and alcohol-containing products (USAIS) …

Approximation Algorithms For Effective Team Formation, George Rabanca

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This dissertation investigates the problem of creating multiple disjoint teams of maximum efficacy from a fixed set of workers. We identify three parameters which directly correlate to the team effectiveness — team expertise, team cohesion and team size — and propose efficient algorithms for optimizing each in various settings. We show that under standard assumptions the problems we explore are not optimally solvable in polynomial time, and thus we focus on developing efficient algorithms with guaranteed worst case approximation bounds. First, we investigate maximizing team expertise in a setting where each worker has different expertise for each job and each …

Heterojunction Engineering For Next Generation Hybrid Ii-Vi Materials, Thor Garcia

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Molecular Beam Epitaxy(MBE) is a versatile thin film growth technique with monolayer control of crystallization. The flexibility and precision afforded by the technique allows for unique control of interfaces and electronic structure of the films grown. This facilitates the realization of novel devices and structures within a research environment normally only achieved though complex industrial processes. In the past, the control of each interface in MBE has been explored to great benefit. In this work, we study the control of these interfaces so as to increase the performance of novel devices material systems. This dissertation focuses on two main areas …