Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Adaptive Stabilization Based On Machine Learning For Column Generation, Yunzhuang Shen, Yuan Sun, Xiaodong Li, Zhiguang Cao, Eberhard Andrew, Guangquan Zhang

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Column generation (CG) is a well-established method for solving large-scale linear programs. It involves iteratively optimizing a subproblem containing a subset of columns and using its dual solution to generate new columns with negative reduced costs. This process continues until the dual values converge to the optimal dual solution to the original problem. A natural phenomenon in CG is the heavy oscillation of the dual values during iterations, which can lead to a substantial slowdown in the convergence rate. Stabilization techniques are devised to accelerate the convergence of dual values by using information beyond the state of the current subproblem. …

Mvmoe: Multi-Task Vehicle Routing Solver With Mixture-Of-Experts, Jianan Zhou, Zhiguang Cao, Yaoxin Wu, Wen Song, Yining Ma, Jie Zhang, Chi Xu

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Learning to solve vehicle routing problems (VRPs) has garnered much attention. However, most neural solvers are only structured and trained independently on a specific problem, making them less generic and practical. In this paper, we aim to develop a unified neural solver that can cope with a range of VRP variants simultaneously. Specifically, we propose a multi-task vehicle routing solver with mixture-of-experts (MVMoE), which greatly enhances the model capacity without a proportional increase in computation. We further develop a hierarchical gating mechanism for the MVMoE, delivering a good trade-off between empirical performance and computational complexity. Experimentally, our method significantly promotes …

Contextualizing Interpersonal Data Sharing In Smart Homes, Weijia He, Nathan Reitinger, Atheer Almogbil, Yi-Shyuan Chiang, Timothy J. Pierson, David Kotz

Dartmouth Scholarship

A key feature of smart home devices is monitoring the environment and recording data. These devices provide security via motion-detection video alerts, cost-savings via thermostat usage history, and peace of mind via functions like auto-locking doors or water leak detectors. At the same time, the sharing of this information in interpersonal relationships---though necessary---is currently accomplished on an all-or-nothing basis. This can easily lead to oversharing in a multi-user environment. Although prior work has studied people's perceptions of information sharing with vendors or ISPs, the sharing of household data among users who interact personally is less well understood. Interpersonal situations make …

Removing Methane Via Atmospheric Oxidation Enhancement: The Legal Framework, Romany M. Webb, Martin Lockman, Korey Silverman-Roati

Sabin Center for Climate Change Law

To achieve the Paris Agreement’s goal of limiting the increase in global average temperatures to “well below 2 degrees Celsius,” and ideally 1.5 degrees Celsius, above pre-industrial levels, global greenhouse gas (“GHG”) emissions must reach net zero in the second half of the century. The global community is not currently on track to achieve net zero emissions. In fact, with the exception of a slight dip during the Covid-19 pandemic, emissions have risen steadily in recent years. This, together with the increasingly visible impacts of climate change, has prompted growing interest in the possibility of removing GHGs directly from the …

On Angles In Higher Order Brillouin Tessellations And Related Tilings In The Plane, Herbert Edelsbrunner, Alexey Garber, Mohadese Ghafari, Teresa Heiss, Morteza Saghafian

School of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

For a locally finite set in R 2 , the order-k Brillouin tessellations form an infinite sequence of convex face-to-face tilings of the plane. If the set is coarsely dense and generic, then the corresponding infinite sequences of minimum and maximum angles are both monotonic in k. As an example, a stationary Poisson point process in R 2 is locally finite, coarsely dense, and generic with probability one. For such a set, the distributions of angles in the Voronoi tessellations, Delaunay mosaics, and Brillouin tessellations are independent of the order and can be derived from the formula for angles in …

A Class Of Stable Nonlinear Non-Hermitian Skin Modes, Hamed Ghaemi-Dizicheh

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications and Presentations

The non-Hermitian skin effect (NHSE) is a well-known phenomenon in open topological systems that causes a large number of eigenstates to become localized at the boundary. Although many aspects of its theory have been investigated in linear systems, this phenomenon remains novel in nonlinear models. In the first step of this paper, we look at the conditions for the presence of quasi-skin modes in a semi-infinite, one-dimensional, nonlinear, nonreciprocal lattice. In the following phase, we explore the survival time of the quasi-skin mode in a finite nonlinear lattice with open edges. We study the dependency of the survival time on …

Search For Gravitational-Lensing Signatures In The Full Third Observing Run Of The Ligo–Virgo Network, R. Abbott, H. Abe, F. Acernese, Teviet Creighton, Mario C. Diaz, Francisco Llamas, Soma Mukherjee, Gaukhar Nurbek, Volker Quetschke, Wenhui Wang

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications and Presentations

Gravitational lensing by massive objects along the line of sight to the source causes distortions to gravitational wave (GW) signals; such distortions may reveal information about fundamental physics, cosmology, and astrophysics. In this work, we have extended the search for lensing signatures to all binary black hole events from the third observing run of the LIGO-Virgo network. We search for repeated signals from strong lensing by (1) performing targeted searches for subthreshold signals, (2) calculating the degree of overlap among the intrinsic parameters and sky location of pairs of signals, (3) comparing the similarities of the spectrograms among pairs of …

Predictors Of Nursing Students' Stress, Anxiety, And Depression During The Covid-19 Pandemic In A Hispanic-Serving University In South Texas: A Cross-Sectional Study, Maria I. Diaz, Eleftherios Gkioulekas, Nancy Nadeau

School of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

Background: In nursing education, there have been several studies on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the ability of nursing students to cope while in nursing school. Purpose Statement: The goal of this study is to assess undergraduate nursing students’ support mechanisms as predictors of stress, anxiety, and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic within a Hispanic-serving institution in South Texas. Methods: The research design is based on a cross-sectional on-line survey, using self-reported questionnaires. Linear regression was used to identify the pre- dictors of mental health. Results: Higher resilience and spiritual well-being were associated with reduced perceived stress, anxiety, …

Final 2024 Residential Metals Abatement Program (Rmap) Park Soil Sampling Field Sampling Plan (Fsp) Submittal #14 [Silver Bow Homes Park, Butte Koa, Fairmont Rv Park, And Cccs Gymnasium], Pioneer Technical Services, Inc.

Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site

No abstract provided.

Draft Final Bpsou Insufficiently Reclaimed Sites Belle Of Butte (Bres No. 8 & Ur-39) Remedial Action Work Plan (Rawp), Pioneer Technical Services, Inc.

Silver Bow Creek/Butte Area Superfund Site

No abstract provided.

Unveiling The Dynamics Of Ai Applications: A Review Of Reviews Using Scientometrics And Bertopic Modeling, Raghu Raman, Debidutta Pattnaik, Laurie Hughes, Prema Nedungadi

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

In a world that has rapidly transformed through the advent of artificial intelligence (AI), our systematic review, guided by the PRISMA protocol, investigates a decade of AI research, revealing insights into its evolution and impact. Our study, examining 3,767 articles, has drawn considerable attention, as evidenced by an impressive 63,577 citations, underscoring the scholarly community's profound engagement. Our study reveals a collaborative landscape with 18,189 contributing authors, reflecting a robust network of researchers advancing AI and machine learning applications. Review categories focus on systematic reviews and bibliometric analyses, indicating an increasing emphasis on comprehensive literature synthesis and quantitative analysis. The …

Trends In U.S. Smoking And Cessation: Insights From 2015-2022, Nhan Phan '26, Thinh Nguyen '26, Naima Shifa

Annual Student Research Poster Session

Our project focuses on analyzing trends in smoking and cessation rates among U.S. adults between 2015 and 2022, using data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). The goal of the study was to explore how key demographic factors such as age, gender, income, and education impact smoking behaviors and quitting efforts. By employing both descriptive statistics and logistic regression, we identified disparities in smoking prevalence and cessation rates across these demographic groups. The findings suggest that while smoking rates have generally declined, there remain significant differences in outcomes based on socio-demographic variables. This work provides insights that could …

Zermelo's Theorem: How To Reach A Standard Of Perfect Play In Chess, Elisha Amadasu '26

Annual Student Research Poster Session

Zermelo’s theorem establishes that in any two player zero-sum game with perfect information (without the element of chance), either one side can force a win regardless of how the other side plays, or both sides can force a draw (if allowed in the rules). This theorem encouraged me to see how I could better my chess to see if I could exploit the existence of this perfect standard. I considered how chess engines play, as they are currently the strongest at playing chess. I understood that they often look 60-70 moves deep from the opening stage of the game, which …

Fedstem-Adl: A Federated Spatial-Temporal Episodic Memory Model For Adl Prediction, Doudou Wu, Shubham Pateria, Budhitama Subagdja, Ah-Hwee Tan

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Learning of Activities of Daily Living (ADLs) provides insights into an individual’s habits, lifestyle, and well-being. However, it is crucial to address data privacy concerns in practical situations when learning the ADL routines of individuals. In this paper, we introduce FedSTEM-ADL, a federated spatial-temporal episodic memory model to address this privacy issue. FedSTEM-ADL utilizes a federation of Spatial-Temporal Episodic Memory for ADLs (STEM-ADL) for federated learning, wherein multiple local STEM-ADL models from individual users are combined into a global model while preserving the privacy of the original data. Specifically, each local model is designed to learn the spatio-temporal ADL routines …

How People Prompt Generative Ai To Create Interactive Vr Scenes, Setareh Aghel Manesh, Tianyi Zhang, Yuki Onishi, Kotaro Hara, Scott Bateman, Jiannan Li, Anthony Tang

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Generative AI tools can provide people with the ability to create virtual environments and scenes with natural language prompts. Yet, how people will formulate such prompts is unclear---particularly when they inhabit the environment that they are designing. For instance, it is likely that a person might say, "Put a chair here,'' while pointing at a location. If such linguistic and embodied features are common to people's prompts, we need to tune models to accommodate them. In this work, we present a Wizard of Oz elicitation study with 22 participants, where we studied people's implicit expectations when verbally prompting such programming …

Deep Learning In Reproducing Kernel Banach Spaces, Mingsong Yan

Mathematics & Statistics Theses & Dissertations

Deep learning has achieved immense success in the past decade. The goal of this dissertation is to understand deep learning through the framework of reproducing kernel Banach spaces (RKBSs), which were originally proposed for promoting sparse solutions. We begin by considering learning problems in a general functional setting, and establishing explicit and data-dependent representer theorems for both minimal norm interpolation (MNI) problems and regularization problems. These theorems provide a crucial foundation for the subsequent results derived for both sparse learning and deep learning. Next, we investigate the essential properties of RKBSs capable of encouraging sparsity in learning solutions. With the …

Coherent Backscattering Under Conditions Of Electromagnetically Induced Transparency In Ultracold Rubidium, Joshua D. Carter

Physics Theses & Dissertations

This dissertation presents experimental results of coherent backscattering of light in an ultracold ensemble of rubidium atoms confined in a magneto optical trap under conditions of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in a cascade-type system. Electromagnetically induced transparency was investigated experimentally in both a counterpropagating and orthogonal laser geometry and compared to theory. The experimental results were largely in good agreement with theory. Coherent backscattering was then measured with and without an EIT control field present to investigate the modification, if any, that EIT has on the enhancement of the coherent backscattering cone. The results indicated that the electromagnetically induced transparency …

Leveraging Blockchain For Trust Enhancement In Decentralized Marketplaces: A Reputation System Perspective, Meshari Mohammd Aljohani

Computer Science Theses & Dissertations

Centralized marketplaces provide reliable reputation services through a central authority, but this raises concerns about single points of failure, user privacy, and data security. Decentralized marketplaces have emerged to address these issues by enhancing user privacy and transparency and eliminating single points of failure. However, decentralized marketplaces face the challenge of maintaining user trust without a centralized authority. Current blockchain-based marketplaces rely on subjective buyer feedback. Additionally, the transparency in these systems can deter honest reviews due to fear of seller retaliation. To address these issues, we propose a trust and reputation system using blockchain and smart contracts. Our system …

Adopt: An Environmentally-Friendly System For Alerting Drivers To Occluded Pedestrians Traffic, Abrar Abdulrahman Alali

Computer Science Theses & Dissertations

The emergence of sensing technologies and vehicular communications has brought significant opportunities for enhancing pedestrian safety on city streets. However, existing solutions rely on costly technologies such as computer vision and trajectory prediction to detect crossing pedestrians, while they have limits in detecting pedestrians who are occluded by parked cars. Despite the presence of collaborative perception by surrounding vehicles and infrastructure, there is a notable absence of incorporating existing parked cars themselves due to their insufficiency in detecting pedestrians and communicating with other cars while they are turned off. Furthermore, accommodating pedestrians on streets has been linked to an additional …

Investigation Of Cooperative Subradiance In Dense Ultracold Rubidium Ensembles, Brent Michael Jones

Physics Theses & Dissertations

This dissertation presents results of an experimental investigation of the time resolved fluorescence from a cold and dense ensemble of ⁸⁷Rb atoms after the sample is illuminated by a short probe pulse. The goal of the experiment was to investigate cooperative subradiant behavior, characterized by a much longer decay time compared to the natural lifetime, induced in an off resonant probe regime. Such long lived states, if controllable, would provide a means to store quantum information. The samples were initially created in a magnetooptical trap before atoms were loaded into a far off resonance trap to achieve atomic densities …

Safe And Efficient Operation Of Mobile Robots In Indoor Environments: A User-Centric Shared Control System With High-Level Navigation Capabilities, Ahmet Saglam

Electrical & Computer Engineering Theses & Dissertations

Hospitalization and isolation can be a traumatic experience for immunocompromised children, especially because they are separated from their families and friends. Social robots have been proposed as a way to improve the quality of care for children hospitalized in isolation by providing alternative means of social interaction and support. Remote control of such robots in a hospital setting, particularly where safety is a major concern, can be a daunting task for young patients.

This dissertation introduces a multilevel shared control system for mobile robots, specifically companion robots in hospital-like indoor spaces. The system integrates user inputs with algorithmic semi-autonomous control …

Synthesis And Characterization Of Cobalt-Based Complexes And Metal-Organic Frameworks For Hydrogen Evolution Catalysis Under Acidic Conditions, Elizabeth A. Tonsel-White

Chemistry & Biochemistry Theses & Dissertations

The synthesis of two cobalt(II) complexes: the novel complex [Co(phen)₃]₂[Co(pytc)₂]•16.25H₂O 1 and the previously reported [Co(bpy)₃](OH)₂•7H₂O 2, along with a cobalt(II/III)-containing MOF, Co-PPF2, previously reported as well, was achieved. These complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, X-ray crystallography, microscopy, conductivity measurements, TGA, SEM, CV , and UV-visible , and FTIR spectroscopies. From the CV scan rates, diffusion coefficients for complexes 1 and 2 were determined to be 1.0 × 10⁻⁶ cm² s⁻¹ and 4.8 × 10⁻⁷ cm² s⁻¹. Electrocatalytic studies with complexes 1 and 2 revealed insights into the mechanistic aspects of …

Privacy-Preserving Deep Learning Framework For Iot Malware Detection, Sabbir Ahmed Khan

Computer Science Theses & Dissertations

Cyberattacks on IoT devices are accelerating at an unprecedented rate, largely driven by IoT malware activities. The IoT malware attacks typically comprise three stages: intrusion, infection, and monetization. Existing IoT malware detection methods fail to identify malicious activities at the intrusion and infection stages and thus cannot stop potential attacks timely. In our research, we have leveraged power side-channel information as input to our deep learning model to identify malware at early stages of intrusion on IoT devices. But, deploying a resource-intensive deep learning model on highly resource-constrained IoT devices is a significant challenge. Consequently, utilizing a Machine Learning as …

Accelerating The Efficiency Of Multiscale Hybridizable Discontinuos Galerkin Methods For Flows In Heterogeneous Media, Tony Charles Haines

Mathematics & Statistics Theses & Dissertations

A plethora of scientific and engineering problems encountered are multiscale in nature. This multiscale feature often influences simulation efforts wherever large disparities in spatial scales are experienced. Notable examples include composite materials, fluid flow through porous media and turbulent transport in high Reynolds number flow. Although there are promising results from the advancement of modern supercomputer, obtaining direct numerical solution of multiscale problems is very laborious. This difficulty stems from the tremendous amount of computer memory and CPU time required. Parallel computing may be one obvious choice in remedying this issue. However, the complexity and size of the discrete problem …

Surfacing Text Changes In Archived Webpages, Lesley Frew

Computer Science Theses & Dissertations

Webpages change over time, and web archives hold copies of historical versions of webpages. Users of web archives, such as journalists, want to find and view changes on webpages over time. However, the current search interfaces for web archives do not adequately support this task. For the web archives that include a full-text search feature, multiple versions of the same webpage that match the search query are shown individually without enumerating changes, or are grouped together in a way that hides changes. We present a change text search engine that allows users to find changes in webpages. We describe the …

Hydrogen Sulfide As A Strong Ligand Affecting Trace Metal Cycling In The Pacific And Southern Oceans, Nicole R. Buckley

OES Theses and Dissertations

Historically, hydrogen sulfide was considered unimportant in the open ocean since it has primarily been associated with anoxic environments. Yet, in the late 1980s it was suggested that this sulfur gas is also being produced in the oxic, surface ocean through the hydrolysis of carbonyl sulfide (OCS). Since then, several studies have demonstrated that hydrogen sulfide is indeed found in oxic seawater at pico- to nanomolar concentrations due not only to carbonyl sulfide hydrolysis, but also assimilatory sulfate reduction by phytoplankton. Hydrogen sulfide’s importance in seawater is largely due to its high metal-ligand stability constants allowing it to affect the …

Harnessing Social Media For Disaster Response: Intelligent Identification Of Reliable Rescue Requests During Hurricanes, Wael Khallouli

Engineering Management & Systems Engineering Theses & Dissertations

Hurricanes pose a significant threat to both human lives and infrastructure. Decision-makers face substantial challenges during such events, as they must act quickly to address victims’ needs. Social media platforms provide a valuable source for quick and real-time information. Recent hurricane events have shown that people turn to social media to call for help when official communication channels, such as 911, are overwhelmed. However, extracting actionable information from the massive number of messages posted on social media is challenging. Furthermore, verifying social media messages posted by the public is a critical concern for disaster response practitioners, making them hesitant to …

Existence Of Smooth Solutions For The Landau Equation With Hard Potentials, Shelly Ann Taylor

Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation is concerned with the Landau equation, an integro-differential equation that models the particle density of a plasma as it evolves in phase space. The main topic is the (large-data) local existence of classical solutions to the Landau equation in the case of hard potentials (γ ∈ (0, 1]). Solutions have previously been constructed by Chaturvedi [SIAM. J. Math. Anal., 55(5), 5345–5385, 2023] for initial data in an exponentially-weighted Sobolev space of order 10, but it is not a priori clear whether these solutions have more regularity than the initial data. We improve Chaturvedi’s existence result in two ways: …

Fluvial Channel Path Evolution – Documenting Decades Of Change Along The Little Wabash River, East Central Illinois, Usa, Diane M. Burns, David Viertel, Kwang Il Yoo

The Compass: Earth Science Journal of Sigma Gamma Epsilon

As highly dynamic landforms, rivers etch their channels into the surrounding and underlying strata over time, continuously reshaping the landscapes they traverse. This study examines geomorphological changes of the Little Wabash River in East Central Illinois between 1938 and 2011. The Little Wabash River is a meandering river sourced in southwestern Coles County, Illinois, and flows southward approximately 390 km to its confluence with the Wabash River. The historical location of the Little Wabash River was delineated to establish a baseline survey using archival aerial photography acquired in 1938. To understand how the channel evolved, investigations were conducted in each …

Sigma Gamma Epsilon Chapter And Student Awards For Academic Year 2022-2023, Lee S. Potter

The Compass: Earth Science Journal of Sigma Gamma Epsilon

The Society of Sigma Gamma Epsilon (SGE) encourages efforts to broaden the education and impact of its members through community outreach. In academic year 2022-2023, four awards were given at the chapter level: The Chapter Service Award to the Gamma Chi Chapter; and the James C. Walters Quality Chapter Award to the Gamma Sigma, Gamma Chi, and Epsilon Omega Chapters. Individual merit was recognized through the W. A. Tarr awards given to twenty-two members by their respective chapters. Two awards, the Austin A. Sartin and Charles J. Mankin Outstanding Poster Awards, were given to four students for merit in scientific …