Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Asymmetric Synthesis Of (+)-1-Epiaustraline And Attempted Synthesis Of Australine, Minyan Tang, Stephen G. Pyne

Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)

A diastereoselective synthesis of the pyrrolizidine alkaloid, (+)-1-epiaustraline has been achieved via a diastereoselective syn-dihydroxylation of a pyrrolo[1,2-c]oxazol-3-one precursor that was readily prepared by a RCM reaction. Attempts to extend this methodology to the synthesis of australine were not successful since the final pyrrolidine ring closure to produce the desired pyrrolizidine of the target molecule was not productive.

Phytochemical Studies On Stemona Burkillii Prain: Two New Dihydrostemofoline Alkaloids, Pitchaya Mungkornasawakul, Stephen G. Pyne, Araya Jatisatienr, Wilford Lie, Alison T. Ung, Kritchaya Issakul, Auntika Sawatwanich, Damrat Supyen, Chaiwat Jatisatienr

Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)

Two new dihydrostemofoline alkaloids, 11(S),12(R)-dihydrostemofoline (3) and stemoburkilline (4), along with stemofoline (1) and 2’-hydroxystemofoline (2) have been isolated from a root extract of Stemona burkillii Prain. The structure and relative configuration of (3) have been determined via spectroscopic data and from comparison with synthetic 11(S),12(S)-dihydrostemofoline (5). The configuration of the exo-cyclic alkene group in (4) is tentively assigned as (E) based upon mechanistic considerations.

Asymmetric Synthesis Of (-)-Swainsonine, Karl Lindsay, Stephen G. Pyne

Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)

This paper describes a new synthesis of (-)-swainsonine via the ring-closing metathesis reaction of a substituted 3-allyl-4-vinyl-2-oxazolindinone and subsequent diastereoselective syn-dihydroxylation of the resulting pyrrolo[1,2-c]oxazol-3-one.

Phytochemical And Larvicidal Studies On Stemona Curtisii: Structure Of A New Pyriodo[1,2-A]Azepine Stemona Alkaloid, Pitchaya Mungkornasawakul, Stephen G. Pyne, Araya Jatisatienr, Damrat Supyen, Chaiwat Jatisatienr, Wilford Lie, Alison T. Ung, Brian W. Skelton, Allan H. White

Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)

A new pentacyclic Stemona alkaloid, stemocurtisinol (3), with a pyrido[1,2-a]azepine A,B-ring system, and the known pyrrolo[1,2-a]azepine alkaloid oxyprotostemonine (4) have been isolated from a root extract of S. curtisii. The structure and relative stereochemistry of stemocurtisinol was determined by spectral data interpretation and X-ray crystallography. This compound is a diastereoisomer of oxystemokerrin and has the opposite configuration at C-4 and C-19. The individual alkaloid components showed significant larvicidal activity (IC₅₀ 4−39 ppm) on mosquito larvae (Anopheles minimus HO).

Synthesis Of (+)-(1r,2s,9s,9ar)-Octahydro-1h-Pyrrolo-[1,2-A]Azepine-1,2,9-Triol: A Potential Glycosidase Inhibitor, Karl B. Lindsay, Stephen G. Pyne

Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)

The title compound was prepared as a potential glycosidase inhibitor. Key steps in the synthesis are vinyl epoxide aminolysis, ring-closing metathesis, cis-dihydroxylation and then ring closure.

Asymmetric Synthesis Of Polyfunctionalized Pyrrolidines And Related Alkaloids, Stephen G. Pyne, Andrew S. Davis, Nicole Gates, Joseph Hartley, Karl Lindsay, Theeraphan Machan, Minyan Tang

Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)

This account describes our recent studies on the development of a general method of preparing polyfunctionalized pyrrolidine, indolizidine, pyrrolizidine and pyrrolo[1,2-a]azepines and their related alkaloids.

Landscape Management: Is It The Future?, R. J. Whelan

Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)

As a Keynote Address at the 2004 Nature Conservation Council Conference, Bushfire in a Changing Environment - New Directions in Management, this paper argues that the landscape is a template with biodiversity assets, and human assets and bushfires overlaid. Two case studies, the Greater Glider and Eastern Bristlebird, are used to illustrate how the impact of bushfire on a species is contingent on it is distributed in the landscape, relative to the locations of its remnant habitat. Mitigation of bushfire effects, using fuel-reduction programs, is a process that also needs to be considered at a landscape scale, and has the …

The Ad 1607 Coastal Flood In The Bristol Channel And Severn Estuary: Historical Records From Devon And Cornwall (Uk), S. K. Haslett, Edward A. Bryant

Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)

The 1607 coastal flood was a high magnitude event that may have been the result of either a storm surge or a tsunami wave(s). Contemporary accounts describe the impacts of the surge/wave at Appledore and Barnstaple in North Devon, and a 19'x' century comment exists for Hayle in. Cornwall. An examination restricted to these local accounts reveals that the surge altitude or tsunami run-up at Appledore, at the estuary mouth, exceeded 8.5 in OD (a surge/wave height in excess of 3.28 in, possibly lip to c. 7-8 in), and at Barnstaple, about 12 km up-estuary it reached 7.53 in OD …

Plasminogen Binding By Group A Streptococcal Isolates From A Tropical Region With Hyperendemic Streptococcal Skin Infection And A High Incidence Of Invasive Infection, F. C. Mckay, Jason D. Mcarthur, Martina L. Sanderson-Smith, S. Gardam, B. J. Currie, K. S. Sriprakash, P. K. Fagan, R. J. Towers, M. R. Batzloff, G. S. Chhatwal, Marie Ranson, Mark J. Walker

Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)

Reports of resurgence in invasive group A streptococcal (GAS) infections come mainly from affluent populations with infrequent exposure to GAS. In the tropical Northern Territory (NT) of Australia, high incidence of invasive GAS disease is secondary to endemic skin infection; serotype M1 clones are rare in invasive infection; the diversity and level of exposure to GAS strains is high and no particular strains dominate. Expression of a plasminogen-binding group A streptococcal M-like protein (PAM) has been associated with skin infection in isolates elsewhere (Bessen, D., C.M. Sotir, T.M. Readdy, and S.K. Hollingshead.1996. J. Infect. Dis. 173:896-900) and subversion of the …

An Assessment Of Five Australian Polychaetes And Bivalves For Use In Whole-Sediment Toxicity Tests: Toxicity And Accumulation Of Copper And Zinc From Water And Sediment, C K. King, M C. Dowse, S L. Simpson, D F. Jolley

Faculty of Science - Papers (Archive)

The suitability of two polychaete worms, Australonereis ehlersi and Nephtys australiensis, and three bivalves, Mysella anomala, Tellina deltoidalis, and Soletellina alba, were assessed for their potential use in whole-sediment toxicity tests. All species except A. ehlersi, which could not be tested because of poor survival in water-only tests, survived in salinities ranging from 18‰ to 34‰ during the 96-hour exposure period. No mortality was observed in any of the species exposed to sediment compositions ranging from 100% silt to 100% sand for 10 days, thus demonstrating the high tolerance of the five species to a wide range of sediment types. …

A Note On Devaney's Definition Of Chaos, Joseph Tonien

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

Devaney defines a function to be chaotic if it satisfies three conditions: transitivity, having dense set of periodic points and sensitive dependence on initial conditions. Banks et al prove that if the function is continuous then the third conditioin is implied from the first two and therefore is redundant. However, if the function is not assumed to be continuous, then it is not known if the third condition is redundant or not.

In this note, without assuming the function is continuous, we prove that the third condition is redundant if the underlying topological space is not precompact.

Linear Code Implies Publicf-Key Traitor Tracing With Revocation, Joseph Tonien, Rei Safavi-Naini

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

In this paper, we show that the linear-coded Kurosawa–Desmedt scheme can be modified to allow revocation of users, that is to show a revocation scheme can be derived from a linear code.

Using Self-Regulated Learning To Manage The Discomfort Of Becoming Fluent With Information Technology, Victoria M. Neville, Sue Bennett

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

The technologically complex and changing world of the twenty first century requires teachers who are both knowledgeable and skilled in using information technology in their pedagogical practices. The changing nature of information technology means that teachers need to be flexible in how they use information technology in their teaching, adaptable to the changes in technological developments, problem solvers in unfamiliar circumstances, and continuing learners throughout their professional life. These ideas are encapsulated in the concept of fluency with information technology, or FITness (Committee on Information Technology Literacy, 1999). This research study, in progress, uses an interpretive, qualitative methodological approach to …

Diet And Metabolic Syndrome: Where Does Resistant Starch Fit In?, Linda C. Tapsell

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Metabolic syndrome is a term linking the clinical profiles of some of the world’s major health problems today: obesity, heart disease and diabetes. It is predicated on dietary patterns, and particularly on the delivery of fuel. The effects may be seen first in the development of abdominal obesity and insulin resistance leading to type 2 diabetes mellitus and coronary heart disease. This review examines the role resistant starch might play in the prevention and management of these conditions. Beginning with a definition of resistant starch, a critical review of the scientific literature is presented. Current knowledge suggests that resistant starch …

Jitter And Size Effects On Vection Are Immune To Experimental Instructions And Demands, Stephen A. Palmisano, Amy Y. Chan

Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Both coherent perspective jitter and explicit changing-size cues have been shown to improve the vection induced by radially expanding optic flow. The current study examined whether these stimulus-based vection advantages could be modified by altering cognitions/expectations about both the likelihood of self-motion perception and the purpose of the experiment. In the main experiment, participants were randomly assigned into two groups – one where the cognitive conditions biased participants towards self-motion perception and another where the cognitive conditions biased them towards object motion perception. Contrary to earlier findings by Lepecq et al (1995), we found that identical visual displays were less …

An Adaptive Channel Tracking Method For Mimo- Ofdm Systems, Jun Tong, Yaohuan Gong, Shengxian Sun

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

The tracking of the time-varying channel is crucial for MIMO-OFDM wireless communication systems. Aiming at doubly-selective fading MIMO channels, we present a novel pilot pattern and the corresponding adaptive channel tracking algorithm. Compared with the traditional pilot patterns, the new pattern has higher frequency efficiency and is more suitable for large transmit arrays. The computational complexity, frequency efficiency and BER performance of the system assisted by the proposed channel tracking scheme are analyzed. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme can track the timevarying channel effectively

Community Technology Centres: A Proposed Framework For Sustainability, William J. Tibben, Carole A. Alcock

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

The effectiveness of Community Technology Centres (CTCs) in meeting many of the challenges presented by the digital divide invites a closer scrutiny of factors that contribute to their sustainability. The success of CTCs appears to be related to the way in which these initiatives are able to respond to the multifaceted nature of the digital divide problem. However, more systematic approaches are required to enable the identification of common factors that contribute to sustainability in different contexts. The paper responds to this challenge by initially reviewing recent contributions on the digital divide debate. From a more refined understanding of what …

Maple+Grtensorii Libraries For Cosmology, Dumitru N. Vulcanov, Valentina-Mira Wheeler

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

The article mainly presents some results in using MAPLE platform for com- puter algebra (CA) and GrTensorII package in doing calculations for theoretical and numerical cosmology.

Bifurcation Phenomena For An Oxidation Reaction In A Continuously Stirred Tank Reactor. Ii Diabatic Operation, Mark Nelson, Harvinder Sidhu

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

We extend an investigation into the bifurcation phenomena exhibited by an oxidation reaction in an adiabatic reactor to the case of a diabatic reactor. The primary bifurcation parameter is the fuel fraction; the inflow pressure and inflow temperature are the secondary bifurcation parameters. The inclusion of heat loss in the model does not change the static steady-state bifurcation diagram; the organising centre is a pitchfork singularity for both the adiabatic and diabatic reactors. However, unlike the adiabatic reactor, Hopf bifurcations may occur in the diabatic reactor. We construct the degenerate Hopf bifurcation curve by determining the double-Hopf locus. When the …

Classification Theorems For The C*-Algebras Of Graphs With Sinks, Iain Raeburn, Mark Tomforde, Dana Williams

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

We consider graphs E which have been obtained by adding one or more sinks to a fixed directed graph G. We classify the C^*-algebra of E up to a very strong equivalence relation, which insists, loosely speaking, that C^*(G) is kept fixed. The main invariants are vectors W_E: G⁰ → which describe how the sinks are attached to G; more precisely, the invariants are the classes of the W_E in the cokernel of the map A – I, where A is the adjacency matrix of the graph …

Dynamic Properties And Liquefaction Behavior Of Granular Materials Using Discrete Element Method, S V. Dinesh, T G. Sitharam, J S Vinod

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

Dynamic properties of the soil such as shear modulus and damping ratio are important parameters in the prediction of the dynamic response of geotechnical engineering structures. Though these properties are dependent on several factors, strain amplitude and confining pressure have a major effect. Liquefaction is another important phenomenon associated with the undrained response of granular materials in loose state. In this paper, the results of the numerical simulation of cyclic triaxial shear tests on three-dimensional assembly consisting of 1000 sphere particles using Discrete Element Method (DEM) have been reported under undrained conditions. From the results, the shear modulus and damping …

Placement And Penetration Of Distributed Generation Under Standard Market Design, Ashish Agalgaonkar, S V. Kulkarni, S A. Khaparde, S A. Soman

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

Distributed Generation (DG) can help in reducing the cost of electricity to the costumer, relieve network congestion and provide environmentally friendly energy close to load centers. Its capacity is also scalable and it provides voltage support at distribution level. Hence, DG placement and penetration level is an important problem for both the utility and DG owner. The cost of electricity as a commodity depends upon market model. The restructured power markets are slowly maturing with standardizations like Standard Market Design (SMD). The key feature of SMD is the Locational Marginal Pricing (LMP) scheme. This paper examines placement and penetration level …

Smoothing With Mixed Model Software, Long Ngo, M P. Wand

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

Smoothing methods that use basis functions with penalization can be formulated as fits in a mixed model framework. One of the major benefits is that software for mixed model analysis can be used for smoothing. We illustrate this for several smoothing models such as additive and varying coefficient models for both S-PLUS and SAS software. Code for each of the illustrations is available on the Internet.

Effect Of Aging And Deformation On The Microstructure And Properties Of Fe-Ni-Ti Maraging Steel, A Shekhter, H I. Aaronson, M K. Miller, S P. Ringer, E V. Pereloma

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

The age-hardening behavior of Fe−25.3Ni−1.7 Ti (wt pct) alloy both in undeformed specimens and in specimens cold deformed by 10 or 20 pct prior to aging was studied. The microstructural changes during aging were observed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and atom probe analysis and there were related to the mechanical properties as measured by microhardness and shear punch testing. An excellent combination of hardness, strength, and ductility was achieved after only 5 seconds aging at 550°C. We propose that this rapid strengthening is due to a dislocation friction effect arising from the formation of a fine dispersion of Ni−Ti …

Role Of Cr And P Additions In The Development Of Microstructure And Texture In Annealed Low Carbon Steels, E V. Pereloma, I B. Timokhina, A I. Nosenkov, J J. Jonas

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

The recrystallisation behaviour of four warm rolled steels was investigated during annealing. The extra-low carbon (ELC) steel displayed the highest rate of recrystallisation, the steels with additions of chromium and phosphorus (LC(Cr)), (LC(Cr,P)) recrystallised at intermediate rates, while the interstitial-free (IF) steel exhibited the lowest rate. The additions of Cr and Cr/P increased the fraction of g-fibre in the annealing textures compared to that present in the ELC steel; this effect was particularly pronounced up to 50 % recrystallisation. After the completion of recrystallisation, the steel textures were characterized by a dominant g-fibre in the IF steel, while in the …

On A Heat Problem Involving The Perturbed Hardy-Sobolev Operator, Nirmalendu Chaudhuri, Kunnath Sandeep

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

No abstract provided.

Estimation Of Diffusion Coefficients, Lateral Shear Stress, And Velocity In Open Channels With Complex Geometry, Shu-Qing Yang, Jian-Xing Yu, Yuan-Zhan Wang

Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences - Papers: Part A

The lateral distributions of depth-averaged apparent shear stress, depth mean velocity, and diffusion coefficients are essential in certain quantitative analysis for sediment transport and environmental studies. An analytical method for the computation of these parameters is presented. A mathematical relationship between these parameters, based on the concept of surplus energy transport through a minimum relative distance developed by Yang and Lim [1997], is established, the depth-averaged apparent shear stress is determined from the boundary shear stress, depth mean velocity is obtained by considering the influence of nonuniform shear velocity and the free surface in 3-D channels, and the diffusion coefficients …

Doctors' Views About The Importance Of Shared Values In Hiv Positive Patient Care: A Qualitative Study, A Lawlor, Annette J. Braunack-Mayer

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

Robert Veatch has proposed a model of the doctor-patient relationship that has as its foundation the sharing of values between the doctor and the patient. This paper uses qualitative research conducted with six doctors involved in the long term, specialised care of HIV positive patients in South Australia to explore the practical application of Veatch's value sharing model in that setting. The research found that the doctors in this study linked "values" with sexual identity such that they defined value sharing, in part, as a shared set of values and beliefs about sexual identity and practices. They voluntarily identified themselves …

The Ethics Of Pharmaceutical Industry Relationships With Medical Students, Wendy Rogers, Peter R. Mansfield, Annette J. Braunack-Mayer, Jon N. Jureidini

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

• Little research has been done on the extent of the relationship between the pharmaceutical industry and medical students, and the effect on students of receiving gifts.

• Potential harms to patients are documented elsewhere; we focus on potential harms to students.

• Students who receive gifts may believe that they are receiving something for nothing, contributing to a sense of entitlement that is not in the best interests of their moral development as doctors.

• Alternatively, students may be subject to recognised or unrecognised reciprocal obligations that potentially influence their decision making.

• Medical educators have a duty of care to protect students from …

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Birth Parents And The Reunification Process: A Study Of The Mendocino County Model, Laura Frame, Amy Conley Wright, Jill Duerr Berrick

Faculty of Social Sciences - Papers (Archive)

The purpose of this study is to closely examine key services offered by the Mendocino County Family Service Center (MCFSC), in order to better understand the change process for birth parents in the child welfare system, their service needs, and the potential usefulness of the MCFSC model in meeting those needs. In particular, the study sought to examine the role of the Intake and Empowerment groups, to identify the key components of the group interventions that appeared to facilitate a change process for birth parents; and give voice to the experience of birth parents with respect to this change process …