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Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™
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Articles 3391 - 3420 of 4041
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Hands, Lisa M. Tillmann Ph.D.
Hands, Lisa M. Tillmann Ph.D.
Faculty Publications
In this ethnographic short story, the author shows end-of-life communication between grandfather, father, and (grand)daughter.
The Aggressive Driving Behavior Scale: Developing A Self-Report Measure Of Unsafe Driving Practices, John M. Houston, Paul Harris
The Aggressive Driving Behavior Scale: Developing A Self-Report Measure Of Unsafe Driving Practices, John M. Houston, Paul Harris
Faculty Publications
The purpose of this study was to investigate the reliability and validity of a new 11-item measure of aggressive driving, the Aggressive Driving Behavior Scale, which focuses on behaviors rather than cognitions, emotions, or motivational states. Based on a sample of 200 undergraduates, 111 women and 89 men), the study examined the convergent validity of the new scale with measures of hostility, hypercompetitiveness, and aggressive thoughts and emotions experienced during driving. A principal component analysis of the Aggressive Driving Behavior Scale (alpha = .80) yielded two factors that form reliable subscales labeled Speeding and Conflict Behavior. As expected, the total …
Parenting Skills And Social-Communicative Competence In Childhood, Craig H. Hart, Lloyd D. Newell, Susanne Frost Olsen
Parenting Skills And Social-Communicative Competence In Childhood, Craig H. Hart, Lloyd D. Newell, Susanne Frost Olsen
Faculty Publications
The ways that children implement social and communication skills in peer-group interaction provide the foundation for successful later life adjustment (Rubin, Bukowski, & Parker, 1998). Research findings suggest that a host of variables are involved (Hart, Olsen, Robinson, & Mandleco, 1997). These include family processes involving marital and sibling relationships, parenting (e.g., Dunn, 2002; Hart, Nelson, et al., 2000; Stafford & Bayer, 1993), biologically based genetic and temperament factors (e.g., Pike, 2002; Plomin & Rutter, 1998; Sanson, Hemphill, & Smart, 2002), and extrafamilial influences, including the peer group, schools, media, and culture (e.g., Hart, Yang, Nelson, Jin, & Nelson, 1998; …
Rites Of Passage In Emerging Adulthood: Perspectives Of Young Mormoons, Larry J. Nelson
Rites Of Passage In Emerging Adulthood: Perspectives Of Young Mormoons, Larry J. Nelson
Faculty Publications
This study explores the role that culture, particularly religious rites of passage, may play in emerging adulthood by examining the demographics, criteria for adulthood, identity development, and risk behavior of Mormon emerging adults.
Parenting And Adult Development: Contexts, Processes, And Products Of Intergenerational Relationships, Rob Palkovitz, Loren D. Marks, David W. Appleby, Erin K. Holmes
Parenting And Adult Development: Contexts, Processes, And Products Of Intergenerational Relationships, Rob Palkovitz, Loren D. Marks, David W. Appleby, Erin K. Holmes
Faculty Publications
For the past 50 years, parenthood has been discussed in social science literature as a context of adult development. Theories, anecdotes, and the opinions of laypersons are nearly unanimous: People who become parents and are involved in the raising of children are transformed and follow a different developmental trajectory from people who do not engage in parenting roles. Erickson (1950) suggested that positive adult development reflects care for the next generation, or "generativity," and that parenthood is "the first, and for many, the prime generative encounter" (Erickson, 1964, p. 130). More recently, parenthood has been described as a necessary but …
From The Individual To Individualism: A Critique Of The Helping Professions, Timothy B. Smith, Matthew R. Draper
From The Individual To Individualism: A Critique Of The Helping Professions, Timothy B. Smith, Matthew R. Draper
Faculty Publications
Individualistic values characterize contemporary society and many popular approaches to mental health treatment. This paper critiques the individualistic values embedded in the helping professions that implicitly contradict the teachings ofJesus Christ, the surest foundation for mental health interventions. Members of AMCAP are encouraged to search out and replace problematic values that contradict gospel teachings which have been integrated into contemporary mental health practice.
Children’S Sociable And Aggressive Behaviour With Peers: A Comparison Of The Us And Australia, And Contributions Of Temperament And Parenting Styles, Alan Russell, Craig H. Hart, Clyde C. Robinson, Susanne F. Olsen
Children’S Sociable And Aggressive Behaviour With Peers: A Comparison Of The Us And Australia, And Contributions Of Temperament And Parenting Styles, Alan Russell, Craig H. Hart, Clyde C. Robinson, Susanne F. Olsen
Faculty Publications
Links between both temperament and parenting, and children’s sociable and aggressive behaviour with peers (physical and relational), were examined. The research was undertaken in two Western cultures (the United States and Australia) assumed to be similar in socialisation practices and emphases. The moderating effects of parent sex and child sex were also examined. Parents completed questionnaires on parenting styles and child temperament. Preschool teachers rated children’s aggressive and sociable behaviour. US children were rated higher on both types of aggression by teachers and on sociability, activity, and emotionality by parents. Girls were rated as more relationally aggressive and more prosocial …
Book Review Of Silence On The Mountain (Daniel Wilkinson), Michael T. Searcy
Book Review Of Silence On The Mountain (Daniel Wilkinson), Michael T. Searcy
Faculty Publications
Recién terminada una guerra civil de 36 años, Guatemala abriga los secretos de la coerción y del genocidio que el mundo tiene que saber. Con la firma del acuerdo de paz entre las fuerzas revolucionarias y los militares en diciembre de 1996, el gobierno acordó formar una comisión de la verdad, conocida como la Comisión para la Clarificación Histórica. Con la esperanza de traer la justicia y acabar con el terror que la gente había experimentado, la comisión recogió los testimonios de millares de personas que habían sido aterrorizados por los militares y la guerrilla. Las historias acababan con un …
Doing Loshootseed Morphology By Analogy, Deryle W. Lonsdale
Doing Loshootseed Morphology By Analogy, Deryle W. Lonsdale
Faculty Publications
Analogical modeling (AM) is an exemplar-based general modeling theory that is being applied to an increasing range ofnatural language processing problems. This paper introduces AM as a viable approach to morphological analysis for Lushootseed, and shows results from applying the system to analyze the contents of the transcription of a well-known Lushootseed story. Subsequent discussion mentions the strengths and current weaknesses of the approach. Possible improvements and future applications are also sketched.
A Memory-Based Approach To Cantonese Tone Recognition, Deryle W. Lonsdale, Michael Emonts
A Memory-Based Approach To Cantonese Tone Recognition, Deryle W. Lonsdale, Michael Emonts
Faculty Publications
This paper introduces memory-based learning as a viable approach for Cantonese tone recognition. The memorybased learning algorithm employed here outperforms other documented current approaches for this problem, which is based on neural networks. Various numbers of tones and features are modeled to find the best method for feature selection and extraction. To further optimize this approach, experiments are performed to isolate the best feature weighting method, the best class voting weights method, and the best number of k-values to implement. Results and possible future work are discussed.
Dignity: The New Frontier Of State Sovereignty, Scott Dodson
Dignity: The New Frontier Of State Sovereignty, Scott Dodson
Faculty Publications
In Federal Maritime Commission v. South Carolina State Ports Authority, the Supreme Court strongly articulated a new “dignity” rationale for state sovereign immunity. The article critiques this rationale and argues that it dissociates sovereign immunity from any constitutional grounding. However, in doing so, the rationale frees the Court to develop a more coherent theory of state sovereign immunity. The article explores how the dignity rationale might be used to develop such coherence.
Describing Support: A Qualitative Study Of Couples Living With Diabetes, Paula M. Trief, Jonathan G. Sandberg, Roger P. Greenberg, Keri Graff, Nina Castronova, Miyoung Yoon, Ruth S. Weinstock
Describing Support: A Qualitative Study Of Couples Living With Diabetes, Paula M. Trief, Jonathan G. Sandberg, Roger P. Greenberg, Keri Graff, Nina Castronova, Miyoung Yoon, Ruth S. Weinstock
Faculty Publications
Family and marital support have been shown to be associated with better treatment adherence, illness adaptation, and blood sugar control in studies of individuals with diabetes. However, the behaviors and attitudes that describe appropriate support have not been defined. This is a qualitative study which asked couples who live with diabetes to define support. Seventy-four individuals (patients and spouses) participated in semi-structured interviews. Transcripts of these interviews were rigorously coded and analyzed by a team of researchers. A sampling of quotes is provided. Helpful behavior was particularly evident in the areas of dietary control and regimen specific support, general relational …
From Individuality To Individualism: A Critique Of The Helping, Timothy B. Smith, Matthew R. Draper
From Individuality To Individualism: A Critique Of The Helping, Timothy B. Smith, Matthew R. Draper
Faculty Publications
Individualistic values characterize contemporary society and many popular approaches to mental health treatment. This paper critiques the individualistic values embedded in the helping professions that implicitly contradict the teachings of Jesus Christ, the surest foundation for mental health interventions. Members of AMCAP are encouraged to search out and replace other problematic values that contradict gospel teachings but that have been integrated into contemporary mental health practice.
Mormons And The Media, 1898-2003: A Selected, Annotated, And Indexed Bibliography (With Suggestions For Future Research), Sherry Baker, Daniel Stout
Mormons And The Media, 1898-2003: A Selected, Annotated, And Indexed Bibliography (With Suggestions For Future Research), Sherry Baker, Daniel Stout
Faculty Publications
Print, electronic, and other forms of communications media have been consistently perceived and characterized by leaders of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints as tools to assist in spreading the gospel message throughout the world. Given this perspective, the Church from its earliest days has used various forms of media as vehicles of communication. It has produced or been affiliated with the production of numerous newspapers and magazines in the United States and in several countries worldwide. In the twentieth century, the Church embraced electronic media technologies promptly. Our goal as mass communications scholars was to compile a …
Ethnic Federalism: Its Promise And Pitfalls For Africa, Alemante G. Selassie
Ethnic Federalism: Its Promise And Pitfalls For Africa, Alemante G. Selassie
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Automated Rating Of Esl Essays, Deryle W. Lonsdale, Diane Strong-Krause
Automated Rating Of Esl Essays, Deryle W. Lonsdale, Diane Strong-Krause
Faculty Publications
To date, traditional NLP parsers have not been widely successful in TESOLoriented applications, particularly in scoring written compositions. Re-engineering such applications to provide the necessary robustness for handling ungrammatical English has proven a formidable obstacle. We discuss the use of a nontraditional parser for rating compositions that attenuates some of these difficulties. Its dependency-based shallow parsing approach provides significant robustness in the face of language learners’ ungrammatical compositions. This paper discusses how a corpus of L2 essays for English was rated using the parser, and how the automatic evaulations compared to those obtained by manual methods. The types of modifications …
Hivsti Assoc Risk Behaviors Selfid Lgbt College Students In Us.Pdf, Molly Kerby
Hivsti Assoc Risk Behaviors Selfid Lgbt College Students In Us.Pdf, Molly Kerby
Faculty Publications
An Internet survey was conducted during the 2001-2002 academic year to examine the health risk behaviors, including HIV/STI associated behaviors, of self-identified lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) college students in the United States. A total of 450 LGBT college students completed the entire online survey. Most respondents attended a 4-year (96.9%), coeducational (98.6%), non-religiously affiliated (87.5%), public (68.6%) institution. Eighty-nine percent reported having sex with someone of the same sex and 45% had multiple (6 or more) sex partners during their lifetime. Most reported using a condom consistently during penile-vaginal (61%) and anal sex (63%). However, only 4% used …
Predicting The Readability Of Transparent Text, Lauren F. V. Scharff, Albert J. Ahumada Jr.
Predicting The Readability Of Transparent Text, Lauren F. V. Scharff, Albert J. Ahumada Jr.
Faculty Publications
Will a simple global masking model based on image detection be successful at predicting the readability of transparent text? Text readability was measured for two types of transparent text: additive (as occurs in head-up displays) and multiplicative (which occurs in see-through liquid crystal display virtual reality displays). Text contrast and background texture were manipulated. Data from two previous experiments were also included (one using very low contrasts on plain backgrounds, and the other using higher-contrast opaque text on both plain and textured backgrounds). All variables influenced readability in at least an interactive manner. When there were background textures, the global …
Judicial Review In State Supreme Courts: A Comparative Study By Laura Langer, Donald R. Songer
Judicial Review In State Supreme Courts: A Comparative Study By Laura Langer, Donald R. Songer
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Relational And Physical Victimization Within Friendships: Nobody Told Me There'd Be Friends Like These, Nicki R. Crick, David A. Nelson
Relational And Physical Victimization Within Friendships: Nobody Told Me There'd Be Friends Like These, Nicki R. Crick, David A. Nelson
Faculty Publications
In past research, relational and physical forms of peer victimization have been identified that have been shown to be significantly associated with social–psychological maladjustment. These forms of victimization, although studied primarily within the group peer context, also occur within dyadic relationships such as friendships. Gender differences in friend victimization and the association between friend victimization and children's social–psychological adjustment were examined. Results showed that boys were more physically victimized by their friends than were girls. Girls were more relationally than physically victimized by their friends. Friend victimization was related to adjustment difficulties for both boys and girls; however, friend physical …
Brain Potentials Elicited By Prose-Embedded Linguistic Anomalies, Mark D. Allen, Kayo Inoue, Judith Mclaughlin, Lee Osterhout
Brain Potentials Elicited By Prose-Embedded Linguistic Anomalies, Mark D. Allen, Kayo Inoue, Judith Mclaughlin, Lee Osterhout
Faculty Publications
Linguistic theories distinguish between syntax (sentence form) and semantics (sentence meaning). Correspondingly, recent studies have shown that syntactic and semantic anomalies elicit distinct changes in the event-related brain potential (ERP). However, these results have been obtained with highly artificial methodologies and have not yet been generalized to more natural reading conditions. Here, we recorded ERPs while subjects read a naturalistic prose passage. The subjects either read for comprehension with no other task being assigned or read for comprehension and made acceptability judgments after each sentence. Consistent with prior work and regardless of the subjects’ assigned task, syntactic anomalies elicited a …
Interrelationships Among Landscapes, Ndvi, And Stream Water Quality In The Us Central Plains, Jerry A. Griffith, Edward A. Martinko, Jerry L. Whistler, Kevin P. Price
Interrelationships Among Landscapes, Ndvi, And Stream Water Quality In The Us Central Plains, Jerry A. Griffith, Edward A. Martinko, Jerry L. Whistler, Kevin P. Price
Faculty Publications
During late spring through summer of 1994 and 1995, 290 randomly selected stream sites in Nebraska, Kansas, and Missouri were sampled once for several parameters including conductivity, turbidity, total phosphorus, nitrate-nitrite nitrogen, the index of biotic integrity, and a habitat index. Based on landscape data from watersheds that were delineated for each sampling location, interrelationships were examined between these water quality parameters and land use/land cover, the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), and vegetation phenological metrics derived from the NDVI. Statistically significant relationships were found between NDVI values and the derived metrics with the stream condition parameters (r values to …
The Design And Evaluation Of Interactivities In A Digital Library, Muniram Budhu, Anita Coleman
The Design And Evaluation Of Interactivities In A Digital Library, Muniram Budhu, Anita Coleman
Faculty Publications
The US National Science Foundation has established a program to create a National Science, Mathematics, Engineering and Technology Education Digital Library (NSDL). One of the subsidiary NSDL libraries under development is the National Civil Engineering Educational Resources Library (NCERL). The first phase of NCERL is the creation and collection of digital resources in three areas of civil engineering—geotechnical (soil), rock, and water engineering (GROW). The concept of interactivities guides the design, development, and evaluation efforts of the GROW digital collection. This article describes the salient features of GROW, defines and discusses interactivities as an emerging, integral part of teaching and …
Review Of The New Americans: How The Melting Pot Can Work Again, By Michael Barone, Fred Foldvary
Review Of The New Americans: How The Melting Pot Can Work Again, By Michael Barone, Fred Foldvary
Faculty Publications
A review of The New Americans: How the Melting Pot Can Work Again, by Michael Barone. Regnery Publishing • 2001 • 338 pages • $27.95
Interactional Digital Libraries: Uses And Users, Anita Coleman
Interactional Digital Libraries: Uses And Users, Anita Coleman
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
An Evaluation Of Factors Related To The Disproportionate Representation Of Children Of Color In Santa Clara County’S Child Welfare System: Child And Family Characteristics And Pathways Through The System Phase 2, Alice Hines, Peter Lee, Laurie Drabble, Lonnie Snowden, Kathy Lemon Osterling
An Evaluation Of Factors Related To The Disproportionate Representation Of Children Of Color In Santa Clara County’S Child Welfare System: Child And Family Characteristics And Pathways Through The System Phase 2, Alice Hines, Peter Lee, Laurie Drabble, Lonnie Snowden, Kathy Lemon Osterling
Faculty Publications
While child abuse and neglect appears to affect children of all racial and ethnic origins (US Department of Health and Human Services, 1998; Sedlack & Broadhurst, 1996), an analysis of national, California and Santa Clara County data on the ethnicities of children in out of home placement reveals that, compared to their presence in the general population, there is a disproportionate involvement of children of color in the public child welfare system (CWS). In Santa Clara County, in particular, when compared to the general population, African American, Hispanic/Latino and Native American children are overrepresented in the CWS, while Asian American/Pacific …
Experiments With Grow, Anita Coleman
Negotiating And Analyzing Electronic License Agreements, Duncan E. Alford
Negotiating And Analyzing Electronic License Agreements, Duncan E. Alford
Faculty Publications
Mr Alford analyzes license agreements for electronic resources and suggests certain negotiation points to consider when entering into such an agreement. He begins by describing the results of a survey of law librarians about their preparation for and techniques used when negotiating electronic license agreements and the legal strategies used by publishers to support the licensing of electronic information. After reviewing selected principles of licensing issued by library associations and several standardized electronic license agreements, he identifies provisions in a typical agreement that should concern libraries and suggests certain arguments to use in negotiating terms more favorable to the library.
The Federalism-Rights Nexus: Explaining Why Senate Democrats Tolerate Rehnquist Court Decision Making But Not The Rehnquist Court, Neal Devins
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Library Service To African Americans In Kentucky, Patterson Toby Graham
Library Service To African Americans In Kentucky, Patterson Toby Graham
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.