Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Juvenile Delinquency And Adult Aggression Against Women, Michelle Kalra

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

The present research assessed whether males who exhibited delinquent acts in their youth would be likely to demonstrate aggression against women as adults. Attitudinal information was also collected to see whether attitudes supporting aggression would mediate the relation between juvenile delinquency and adult aggression against women. Male undergraduates (N = 185) responded to a 68-item, comprehensive measure of delinquency that included five subscales (Official Contact, School and Family Offenses, Serious Crime, Delinquency, and Drug Offenses), three attitudinal measures (Rape Myth Acceptance, Adversarial Sexual Beliefs, and Acceptance of Interpersonal Violence) and two measures of aggression against women (Sexual Experiences Survey and …

An Evaluation Of Pump-Level Service As A Locational Variable Within Canada's Retail Gasoline Industry, Ian W.R. Gilbart

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Marketers who are searching for prime retail locations for gasoline outlets, and other automobile-oriented activities, in today’s market are faced with an increasingly complex process. As land and development costs escalate, competition increases and margins are tightened, there is a greater need for marketers within the retail gasoline industry to pinpoint sites that offer the best profit potential (Gilbart, 1994). In turn, large gasoline chains attempt to develop networks of stations that optimize market coverage and consumer convenience while minimizing costs. In response to the evolution of an increasingly dynamic marketplace, experts within the retail gasoline industry have invested a …

Towards The Well-Being Of Immigrant And Refugee Children: A Community-Based Approach, Adrine Mckenzie

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

The main purpose of this study was to identify the risk and protective factors at the individual, family, school, and community level which may influence the adaptation of immigrant and refugee children to Canadian society. The participants included teachers, newcomer parents and grade 2-5 children from various cultures. Quantitative and qualitative data were used to provide information on the child’s academic and social skills, the family’s social support networks, and the community’s resources. Differences in the experiences of immigrant and refugee families were found in the transition to the new country. Also noted were variations across cultural groups and across …

Item Versus Associative Information: A Comparison Of Forgetting Rates With And Without Recollective Experience, Angela Consoli

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Past experiments examining the relationship between recognition memory and the recollective experience has consistently focused on single word stimuli. The present study was designed to assess the nature of this relationship with associative information in addition to item information. Two experiments are reported in which participants studied a list of random word pairs, and were subsequently given a recognition memory test for both item and associative information. Of those recognized events, participants were asked to indicate which words or word pairs they could and could not recollect from the study phase. Participants returned either 2 and 7 days later (Experiment …

The Use Of Drama To Explore Violence Within Relationships: A Study Of Young Men's Experiences, Tammie Brunk

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

Sexual assault, sexual abuse, wife assault, andl sexual harassment are perpetrated, most often by male acquaintances, on an overwhelming proportion of women. many analyses of male violence propose that gender inequality and gender role socialization maintain abusive attitudes and behaviours within our culture. Adolescents comprise an important audience for violence prevention efforts. However, a review of high school programmes focused on prevention of sexual assault raises questions about the effectiveness of traditional lecture formats. Peer-based drama interventions provide an active, experiential form of learning which may be especially effective with adolescents. I used a qualitative, emergent design to investigate nine …

The Effects Of Telephone Technology On Saudi Arabian Society, Khalid I. Otibi

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

The current research explores the significance of the introduction of telephone technology into Saudi Arabia. The problem addressed by the research was to identify and describe the cultural and economic significance that the telephone has had in Saudi Arabia. The purpose of the research was specifically to study the significance that telephone technology has in the three areas of family ties, business, and transportation. The methodology began with the development a data-collection document. An English version of the document was administered as a pilot test to students at the University of Northern Iowa. This pilot test revealed that the document …

Another Look At Social Learning Theory And Dating Violence, Samantha Smith O'Hara

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

Interpersonal violence is a common social problem in American society. Heightened interest in the topic of domestic violence has been sweeping the country as a result of conscience-raising efforts by the feminist movement and others in the late 1960s and early 1970s (White & Koss, 1991). The "closed door" that has protected the secret of violence in the home has slowly begun to open (O'Keefe, Brockopp, & Chew, 1986).

Value Comparison Among Native American Indians And Non-Native American Counseling Students, Marion Hardin

Theses

This study examines the value differences and similarities between Native American Indians and non-native American graduate students who have had multi cultural training. The Rokeach Value Survey, which ranks 18 Terminal values and 18 Instrumental values, was administered to 22 non- Native American students enrolled in a counseling program at Lindenwood College in St. Louis, Mo. and 21 Native American Indians who are studying at Haskell College for Indians in Lawrence, Kansas. For this study, Kendall's coefficient of concordance was used to rank values and determine agreement between values and Chi Square analysis was performed to more accurately determine results. …

Intergenerational Contact And Children's Perceptions Of Seniors, Jacqueline L. Carmichael

Theses : Honours

The exploration of issues relating to intergenerational contact and children's perceptions of seniors has received little attention in the area of gerontology. This study employed a survey research approach, utilising a questionnaire to explore this topic. This survey was given to a group of one hundred and six students in Year Six and Seven in a metropolitan Western Australian primary school. The aim of this research is to explore the relationship between intergenerational contact and the perceptions held by primary school aged children about seniors. Previous findings demonstrate that there was either no relationship between the variables or only a …

Someone's Calling Your Swatch: Youth, Technology And Power, Su-Lyn Tan

Theses : Honours

Common assumptions about youth and youth culture exist in academic, as well as other adult cultures. These assumptions underlie policy decisions, programming choices, and even the way we (as adults) treat youth. This study proposes to examine Singaporean youth and their use of pagers, in terms of Foucauldian theories of power; in an attempt to draw critical attention to these common assumptions. The intention is to explore the ambiguities of such common assumptions as sites of power relations; relations that are inherent to all societies in one way or another. The pager is not a conventional focus for communication research. …

Individual Differences In Word Association And Inference Generation From Brief Discourse, Alison L. Clark

Theses : Honours

When people read a short discourse, both more and less skilled readers make word associations. However, it has also been found that, whereas more skilled readers generate inferences from the text, less skilled readers do not (Long, Oppy, & Seely, 1994). The present study partially replicates and extends the study of Long et al. (1994) by investigating the pattern of word associations and whether less skilled readers may be able to generate inferences if given more time to process the discourse. In particular, the study investigates whether word association are made and inferences are drawn as part of an automatic …

The Impact On Juries Of Pre-Recording Children's Evidence, Josephine Hubble

Theses : Honours

The impact on juries of pre-recording children's evidence was investigated. University undergraduate students (N = 123; 91 females, 32 males) volunteered to participate in the study as mock jurors. Participants either watched a videotape or read a transcript of a simulated trial involving a child sexual abuse case. Participants who watched the videotape saw the child give evidence either by closed circuit television or by a pre-re-cording. Participants who read the transcript were advised the child's evidence had been given via closed circuit television or had been pre-recorded. After viewing the videotape or reading the transcript, participants completed a questionnaire …

Patterns Of Anger, Attribution, And Appraisal, Andrew J. Ellis

Theses : Honours

A single study investigates two cognitive theories of anger arousal, and the hostile attribution bias (HAB) phenomenon from the aggression literature. It was argued that the role of B. Weiner’s (1985, 1986) casual attribution dimension of intentionality has been underestimated in anger arousal; and it was hypothesised that when attributions of intentionality increase anger arousal increases. R. S. Lazarus and K. A. Smith's ( 1988) appraisal theory holds that emotions arc aroused in response to personally relevant events, and without this appraisal process causal attibutions are insufficient to evoke emotions. Based on this it was hypothesised that appraisal components are …

Attributions Of Negative Partner Behaviour By Men Who Physically Abuse Their Partners, Santina Tonizzo

Theses : Honours

Conflict in close relationships is associated with specific patterns of attributions (Bradbury & Fincham 1990). The objective of this study was to investigate If violence would be associated with particular type of attributions made for negative partner behaviours. Three groups of men were classified using the Conflict Tactics Scale (CTS; Straus, 1979) as physically violent (in Domestic Violence Intervention Progams), (n = 19), non-physically violent in (counselling), ( n = 17), and non-physically violent in the (community), (n = 31 ). The Relationship Attribution Measure (RAM) by Fincham & Bradbury, ( 1992) was used to assess the attributional dependent variables …

An Examination Of The Influence Of Court Interpreters Upon Attributions Of Defendant And Plaintiff Culpability, Grace Frances

Theses : Honours

An expressed reluctance of the courts to employ interpreters has been challenged on the basis that a failure to provide such assistance to the Non-English Speaking (NES) witness contravenes the principles of natural justice. Further, NES defendants risk being misunderstood and incapacitated in their ability to effectively communicate the intended meaning of the evidence they are giving. In order to determine whether the presence of an interpreter exerts influence upon attributions of culpability given to a NES defendant, it was .important to identify whether evaluations were based on the interpreter's presence or on the defendant's ethnicity. Therefore, three trial conditions …

Self-Concept Differences Between Bullied And Non-Bullied Children, Wendy Forrest

Theses : Honours

The purpose of this study was to compare bullied and non-bullied children in order to ascc1tain whether the two groups varied on specific self-concept factors. The theoretical position was that low self-concept was related to bullying and as such, bullied children would score lower on a stipulated self-concept test. The sample comprised fifty-three bullied and fifty-three non-bullied children from grades six to nine, selected from three large state city schools and six large state country schools with similar socio-economic status. The students were allocated to the "bullied" and "non-bullied" groups by class teachers using specified criteria. All fifty-three bullied children …

An Empirical Analysis Of Alcohol Addiction, Ismail Sirtalan

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This study is an empirical application of the rational addiction theory to the consumption of alcohol and heavy drinking. The model, developed by Becker and Murphy, emphasizes the interdependency of past current and future consumption of an addictive good. This is different than myopic addiction models where the current consumption is dependent on past consumption but not on future consumption. The data employed is the Monitoring the Future Survey, a panel representative of young adults between seventeen and twenty-seven years old, over a period of fourteen years from 1976 to 1989. Since alcohol abuse is most prevalent in this age …

The Tacit Dimension Of Organizational Learning, Thomas Reeder Robinson

Engineering Management & Systems Engineering Theses & Dissertations

This research was conducted to observe the self-reflections of an organizational participant group to further understand the organizational learning phenomenon. The participant group consisted of the 15 managers, spanning three levels of management, of a large engineering group in the southeastern United States.

The intent of the research was to generate theory, rather than to test theory. To accomplish this objective, a qualitative research methodology in a participatory action framework was modeled from Keating's (1993) Organizational Learning Process (OLP) to co-construct participants' organizational reflections. The methodology included individual interviews designed to elicit spontaneity that co-generated organizational perspectives. These perspectives were …

An Evaluation Of The Norfolk Interagency Consortium's Community-Based System Of Care For At-Risk Youth, Melody Bingman Wilt

Theses and Dissertations in Urban Services - Urban Education

The primary purpose of this research was to design and to implement an evaluation model for the Norfolk Interagency Consortium (NIC). The research design employed in this study focused on four areas of investigation: program clarification, processes and activities, outcomes, and cost. The study utilized qualitative and quantitative methods and procedures.

The program clarification stage of the research served as a pre-evaluative phase. An evaluability assessment was incorporated to define and clarify the NIC'S program components and goals, and determine which goals were evaluable. Data regarding the target population also were collected.

The processes and activities investigation used a survey …

Gatekeepers To The Franchise: Election Administration And Voter Participation In New York, Ronald Joseph Hayduk

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Political scientists continue to debate the causes, consequences and remedies for America's exceptionally low voter turnout. While scholarly investigation has focused on several factors which produce low voter turnout, the machinery that administers elections in the U.S. has been ignored. Nor have the political influences and environments that determine these agencies' procedures and their place in the electoral system been adequately analyzed. There is, nevertheless, good reason to believe boards of elections play a greater role in shaping participation than is generally appreciated. Evidence indicates that in conducting elections and in implementing electoral rules–such as voter registration procedures–boards of elections …

A Framework For Assessing The Economic Benefits And Costs Of Workplace Literacy Training, Kevin M. Hollenbeck

Upjohn Institute Working Papers

Many individuals are grappling with the issue of whether to provide workers with training that upgrades the workers' basic academic skills. The corollary questions that flow from this issue are how to provide the training, how much training should be provided, and who should pay for the training. Workers are interested in this issue because they want to sustain productive, well-paying careers that will support adequate standards of living. Not receiving training may jeopardize their careers and earning power. Employers are interested in this issue because their economic role is to maximize corporate profits for stockholders. In most companies, worker …

The Brigham Young University Folklore Of Hugh Winder Nibley: Gifted Scholar, Eccentric Professor And Latter-Day Saint Spiritual Guide, Jane D. Brady

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis explores the stories which revolve around folk legend Hugh Winder Nibley and what those stories mean to the people of Brigham Young University. Folklore reveals who we are and what is important to us. But, interestingly, folklore tends to reveal more about the person telling the story than about the subject of the story itself. People can't remember every story they hear. The ones they do remember are important to them. The stories are important because they fulfill basic needs of the teller. Such needs are a desire to look up to a hero, a need to fit …

Sleepless In Seattle: Three Writers, Three Concepts, E. Deidre Pribram Ph.D.

Faculty Works: COM (1993-2016)

One of the most striking facts of narrative storytelling is how specific story elements, such as plot, character and structure may remain the same, yet the story told can be remarkably different. We see this, for instance, through the limitations imposed by generic conventions and via characters drawn to stereotype or type. Yet the meanings created are open to seemingly endless replenishment. Indeed, it is narrative's persistent renewability that helps account for the sway and pleasures story holds us.

Youth-Serving Agency's Prevention And Intervention Programs For Gangs, Julianne Gassman

Dissertations and Theses @ UNI

The purpose of this study was to describe the perception of directors of youth-serving agencies on what prevention and intervention programs have been implemented by youth-serving agencies in eastern Iowa. Directors of youth-serving agencies in the following cities in Iowa answered the questionnaire (Gang Program Assessment Questionnaire): Waterloo, Cedar Falls, Dubuque, Cedar Rapids, Davenport, Iowa City, Coralville, Adel, Ankeny, Bondurant, Indianola, Johnston, Knoxville, Nevada, Newton, Pella, Pleasant Hill, Ames, Des Moines, Makquoketa, and Urbandale.

The Gang Assessment Program Questionnaire was used to analyze the extent to which gangs were perceived as active in each city as well as expectations for …

True Beauty: A Self-Development Program For Urban Teenage Girls, Michelle Hamilton Mcpherson

Theses

This project will explore how to overcome barriers that seem to limit young girls from wanting to become young ladies. It will offer suggestions on how to assist young girls with identifying and interpreting internal barrie1·s, e.g. low self esteem, peer pressure, failure to recognize their opportunities, or abilities to discern wrong from right. It will also offer suggestions on how to help young girls realize that beauty comes from within. It will discuss why it is important to provide a loving and safe environment where young girls are given opportunities to express themselves in an atmosphere that lends them …

An Examination Of The Socio-Economic Determinants Of Punishment Using Abductive Polynomial Networks, Farrukh Behzad Hakeem

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

The purpose of this research is to examine aspects of the relationship between socio-economic conditions and imprisonment in a particular historical setting. Previous research suggests that this relationship is problematic and situationally variable. The approach taken in this dissertation reflects a belief that earlier studies can be faulted for their failure to take account of the fiscal climate of the state as an influence on the size of prison populations.

This analysis will employ the Marxist model, as developed by Rusche and Kirchheimer (1939) and widely applied (though with mixed results) in research conducted over the last half-century. This model …

A Comparison Of Depression In Males And Females After The Loss Of A Spouse, Thomas N. Dejong

Theses

The purpose of this research was to explore differences in depression between males and females after the loss of a spouse. After a review of the literature, a twenty-one item inventory, the Beck Depression Inventory was given to thirty nine surviving spouse's (17 males and 22 females). AT-test of difference between means of the three factors of the Beck Depression Inventory, (negative self-attitudes, physiological symptoms, and sadness) was performed and the hypothesis that there were differences in depression between males and females after the loss of a spouse was not supported.

Effectiveness Of Stress Management Intervention, Sandra F. Filer

Theses

The relationship between stress management interventions and improved stress levels on employees was examined. Fifty subjects were involved in this study, 25 who received stress management training and 25 who did not receive training. All participants volunteered to complete the Occupational Stress Inventory. Results revealed no significant difference in the level of stress reported by the two groups of employees. i

Effectiveness Of Contingency Contracting: Component Of A Worksite Weight Loss Program, Gail Landheer Zandee, Marilyn H. Oermann

University Faculty Publications and Creative Works

The purpose of this study was to measure weight loss in overweight employees of a large corporation in Western Michigan who all received the same education on how to lose weight, but were randomly assigned to one of three groups: contingency contracting with a partner, contingency contracting alone, or no contingency contracting. A pretest-posttest quasi-experimental design was used and data were collected by a demographic questionnaire and measure of weight at the initial, 10th, and 23rd weeks. A total of 84 subjects completed the 10 week weight loss program and 57 subjects returned for the 23rd week follow up weight. …

New Computer Software, Cd-Roms, And Videodiscs In K-12 Music Education: What Music Educators And Media Specialists Need To Know : A Selected Annotated Bibliography, Brent A. Andrews

Graduate Research Papers

This study identified new music education resources in CD-Rom, videodisc, and computer software formats created from 1990-1995. Each item was evaluated according to its effectiveness in meeting the three different domains of learning; affective, cognitive, and psychomotor. The study also identified items that exhibited multicultural diversity. The resulting annotated bibliography lists twenty-two resources with critical evaluations of use to music teachers and library media specialists.