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2002

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Articles 14911 - 14940 of 15630

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Reshaping World Politics: Ngos, The Internet, And Global Civil Society, Ann Florini Jan 2002

Reshaping World Politics: Ngos, The Internet, And Global Civil Society, Ann Florini

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

This largely descriptive book sets out three questions of interest to international relations scholars and policy-makers: What is global civil society? What are its origins? And what are the roles of individuals in creating and maintaining it? After a brief literature review, the book provides a definition: global civil society is 'a socially constructed and transnationally defined network of relationships that provides ideologically variable channels of opportunity for political involvement' (p. 19). This definition reflects the book's grounding in 'people-centered' International Relations theory, drawing on the English school of Wight and Bull and paralleling the American constructivist paradigm to focus …

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Monitoring Process Variability With Symmetric Control Limits, Zhenlin Yang Jan 2002

Monitoring Process Variability With Symmetric Control Limits, Zhenlin Yang

Research Collection School Of Economics

Control charts for monitoring process variability, such as the R-chart and S-chart, do not have symmetric probability limits as the distribution of the sample variability is not normal. Hence, the usual zone rules can not be applied although it is still desirable to be able to use the information from more than one point in decision making. In this paper, a modified S-chart based on an optimal normalizing transformation of the sample variance is first introduced. The new chart is shown to have approximate symmetric probability limits and hence can be interpreted in the same way as that of a …

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A Multivariate Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity Model With Time-Varying Correlations, Yiu Kuen Tse, Albert K.C. Tsui Jan 2002

A Multivariate Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity Model With Time-Varying Correlations, Yiu Kuen Tse, Albert K.C. Tsui

Research Collection School Of Economics

In this article we propose a new multivariate generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity (MGARCH) model with time-varying correlations. We adopt the vech representation based on the conditional variances and the conditional correlations. Whereas each conditional-variance term is assumed to follow a univariate GARCH formulation, the conditional-correlation matrix is postulated to follow an autoregressive moving average type of analog. Our new model retains the intuition and interpretation of the univariate GARCH model and yet satisfies the positive-definite condition as found in the constant-correlation and Baba-Engle-Kraft-Kroner models We report some Monte Carlo results on the finite-sample distributions of the maximum likelihood estimate of …

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Clinical Significance Of Molecular Expression Profiles Of Hürthle Cell Tumors Of The Thyroid Gland Analyzed Via Tissue Microarrays, A. Hoos, A. Stojadinovic, B. Singh, M. Dudas, Denis H. Y. Leung, A. Shaha Jan 2002

Clinical Significance Of Molecular Expression Profiles Of Hürthle Cell Tumors Of The Thyroid Gland Analyzed Via Tissue Microarrays, A. Hoos, A. Stojadinovic, B. Singh, M. Dudas, Denis H. Y. Leung, A. Shaha

Research Collection School Of Economics

Hürthle cell tumors are rare thyroid neoplasms for which disease biology is poorly understood and diagnosis of carcinoma can be challenging. The aim of the study was to characterize molecular expression profiles of Hürthle cell tumors and to determine the clinical significance of identified phenotypes. Paraffin-embedded tissue cores of normal thyroid (n = 18), and histopathologically well-defined Hürthle cell adenomas (n = 27), Hürthle cell tumors of unknown malignant behavior (n = 7), and minimally (n = 14) and widely (n = 21) invasive Hürthle cell carcinomas were arrayed in triplicate on tissue microarrays. Expression profiles of p53, mdm-2, p21, …

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Empirical Characteristic Function In Time Series Estimation, J. Knight, Jun Yu Jan 2002

Empirical Characteristic Function In Time Series Estimation, J. Knight, Jun Yu

Research Collection School Of Economics

Policymakers seeking to design efficient and smoothly functioning pension systems for their aging workforces are beginning to acknowledge the key importance of administrative expenses when formulating rules for pension plan structure and fee disclosure requirements. This study explores the links between retirement plan offerings and pension expenses for a wide range of private and public sector pension plan types, using an invaluable new data set on two thousand Australian pension funds. Our analysis indicates how pension plan design can strongly influence plan expenses and consequently eventual retirement security.

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Forecasting Volatility In The New Zealand Stock Market, Jun Yu Jan 2002

Forecasting Volatility In The New Zealand Stock Market, Jun Yu

Research Collection School Of Economics

This study evaluates the performance of nine alternative models for predicting stock price volatility using daily New Zealand data. The competing models contain both simple models such as the random walk and smoothing models and complex models such as ARCH-type models and a stochastic volatility model. Four different measures are used to evaluate the forecasting accuracy. The main results are the following: (1) the stochastic volatility model provides the best performance among all the candidates; (2) ARCH-type models can perform well or badly depending on the form chosen: the performance of the GARCH(3,2) model, the best model within the ARCH …

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Estimation Of The Stochastic Volatility Model By The Empirical Characteristic Function Method, J. Knight, S. Satchell, Jun Yu Jan 2002

Estimation Of The Stochastic Volatility Model By The Empirical Characteristic Function Method, J. Knight, S. Satchell, Jun Yu

Research Collection School Of Economics

The stochastic volatility model has no closed form for its likelihood and hence the maximum likelihood estimation method is difficult to implement. However, it can be shown that the model has a known characteristic function. As a consequence, the model is estimable via the empirical characteristic function. In this paper, the characteristic function of the model is derived and the estimation procedure is discussed. An application is considered for daily returns of Australian/New Zealand dollar exchange rate. Model checking suggests that the stochastic volatility model together with the empirical characteristic function estimates fit the data well.

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Neyman's Smooth Test And Its Applications In Econometrics, Anil K. Bera, Aurobindo Ghosh Jan 2002

Neyman's Smooth Test And Its Applications In Econometrics, Anil K. Bera, Aurobindo Ghosh

Research Collection School Of Economics

No abstract provided.

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Locating Tds In Policy Spaces: The Computational Text Analysis Of Dáil Speeches, Michael Laver, Kenneth Benoit Jan 2002

Locating Tds In Policy Spaces: The Computational Text Analysis Of Dáil Speeches, Michael Laver, Kenneth Benoit

Research Collection School of Social Sciences

This article adapts a new technique for the computerised analysis of political texts, previously used to analyse party manifestos, to the analysis of speeches made in a legislature. The benefits of computerised text analysis come from the ability to analyse, for the first time, complex and daunting electronic sources of text, such as the parliamentary record. This allows the systematic estimation of the policy positions of individual political actors, with huge benefits both for theory development and empirical analysis. In this article, the technique is used to analyse all 58 English language speeches made in the October 1991 confidence debate …

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What Do We Do When We Do Law And Popular Culture, Jessica Silbey Jan 2002

What Do We Do When We Do Law And Popular Culture, Jessica Silbey

Faculty Scholarship

"What We Do When We Do Law and Popular Culture" establishes a theoretical framework for analyzing legal popular culture, taking as its point of departure Richard Sherwin's book "When Law Goes Pop." The article stresses what Professor Silbey considers to be three major stumbling blocks in the growing interdiscipline of law and popular culture. She argues that if we are to advance our understanding of the relationship between law and popular culture, we must follow at least three simple charges: (1) demarcate our beginning concepts, such as law or culture, so that amidst the vast phenomena that may be called …

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Ham-Tmc Facts And Figures 2001-2002, Houston Academy Of Medicine-Texas Medical Center Library Jan 2002

Ham-Tmc Facts And Figures 2001-2002, Houston Academy Of Medicine-Texas Medical Center Library

Library Statistics

No abstract provided.

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Contract Rights And Civil Rights, Davison M. Douglas Jan 2002

Contract Rights And Civil Rights, Davison M. Douglas

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Manifest Destiny Adapted For 1990s’ War Discourse: Mission And Destiny Intertwined, Roberta Coles Jan 2002

Manifest Destiny Adapted For 1990s’ War Discourse: Mission And Destiny Intertwined, Roberta Coles

Social and Cultural Sciences Faculty Research and Publications

Civil religious themes have long been integral to public discourse in America. Specifically the themes of mission and destiny best known in the farm of Manifest Destiny, still carry the country through periods of foreign conflict. This paper analyzes the discourses of President George Bush during the Persian Gulf War and President Bill Clinton during the Kosovo conflict. I identify the themes of mission by example and mission by intervention and argue that these forms of mission are intertwined. The use of these themes by presidents of different political parties indicates that while they remain useful, they are adapting for …

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The Effects Of A Parent-Child Communication Activity On The Worries Of Siblings Of Children With Autism, Sara M. Irwin '02 Jan 2002

The Effects Of A Parent-Child Communication Activity On The Worries Of Siblings Of Children With Autism, Sara M. Irwin '02

Honors Projects

This study was designed to obtain objective results about the effects of two different parent-child activities on the siblings of children with autism. Participants were eighteen 6-13 year-old siblings of children with autism and their parents. One group of parent-child pairs completed a workbook focused on autism-specific worries, while another group of parent-child pairs played board games together. The children in each group completed a questionnaire about their autism-related worries at the end of the activity. Results demonstrated that the workbook was useful in making parents more aware of specific worries that their children have as shown by a strong …

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Examining The Cognitive And Physiological Processes Underlying Traumatic Disclosure, Anna Carlson '02 Jan 2002

Examining The Cognitive And Physiological Processes Underlying Traumatic Disclosure, Anna Carlson '02

Honors Projects

The aims of this research were to examine the cognitive and physiological reactions associated with the disclosure of a traumatic event. Cognitive-Experiential Self-Theory (Epstein, 1991; 1998) suggests that there are two separate modes of information processing. One is the rational mode that is based on logic and the other is the experiential mode that is based on emotions and heuristics. The way these two modes of processing may be related to disclosure was examined using 60 undergraduate students at Illinois Wesleyan University. Participants engaged in one of four writing conditions; a trivial topic, the emotions surrounding a traumatic experience, the …

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Gender Differences In Depression In Hiv-Infected Patients, Sarah L. Beyers '02 Jan 2002

Gender Differences In Depression In Hiv-Infected Patients, Sarah L. Beyers '02

Honors Projects

Gender differences in an HIV-infected population living in downstate Illinois are examined. Depression is measured using the CES-D screening tool. Statistical tests are run on both quantitative and qualitative data in order to determine if a gender difference exists. The difference in CES-D scores was not found to be statistically significant. Possible explanations for this finding are suggested. These explanations include: population demographics, small sample size, and effects of medication.

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Evaluating The Collaborative Efforts Of Teachers And Parents Of Children With Autism Spectrum, Lindsey Vacco '02 Jan 2002

Evaluating The Collaborative Efforts Of Teachers And Parents Of Children With Autism Spectrum, Lindsey Vacco '02

Honors Projects

Educators have emphasized the importance of parent involvement in the educational process for decades. The definitions of parent involvement, however, have changed over time with a current emphasis on genuine parent-school collaboration where parents are seen as partners in their child's education. Such collaboration is especially crucial when the children have special needs, such as those on the autism spectrum. Autism spectrum disorders pose unique challenges to the home-school relationship in part due to the child's communication and social impairments. This study is part of a larger, ongoing study examining home-school relationships between parents and teachers of children with autism …

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Cultural Scripts Of Parental Intervention In Conflict, Kristina L. Mcdonald '02 Jan 2002

Cultural Scripts Of Parental Intervention In Conflict, Kristina L. Mcdonald '02

Honors Projects

Parents frequently intervene in the conflicts that children experience with other peers. The work of Ross, Hastings and their colleagues has alerted researchers to the possibility that parents engage in such intervention in part to teach children lessons. Ross and her colleagues have focused on the role of such intervention for teaching children rules about possession and property rights. Whereas property rights might be particularly salient in cultures such as the European-American subgroups in the U.S. that emphasize individualism and market forces, this might be less salient in other cultures. Many of the cultural groups in Indonesia emphasize collectivism, social …

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Gender, Ethnicity And Depression: Intersectionality In Mental Health Research With African American Women, Kira Hudson Banks, Laura P. Kohn-Wood Jan 2002

Gender, Ethnicity And Depression: Intersectionality In Mental Health Research With African American Women, Kira Hudson Banks, Laura P. Kohn-Wood

Scholarship

This review synthesizes the current knowledge regarding African American women and depression. After highlighting major findings related to the epidemiology, etiology, symptomatology and treatment, we will discuss the gaps in our understanding of these factors specific to African American women. We will argue that filling in these gaps will require a theoretical framework that takes into account the intersection of race and gender. We will present an empirically defined heuristic for studying mental illness among African American women, in terms of both experiences and outcomes.

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A Question Of Motivations: Determining Why Donor Countries Give Aid, Sarah Fuller '02 Jan 2002

A Question Of Motivations: Determining Why Donor Countries Give Aid, Sarah Fuller '02

Res Publica - Journal of Undergraduate Research

Despite the fact that foreign aid has been around in its present form since World War II, foreign aid analysis, especially from the donor's point of view, has been and continues to be highly contested. In 1992, the United Nations claimed that "ODA [Official Development Assistance] allocation is 'strange and arbitrary'" and "ODA is determined not by the needs of developing countries, but by the fluctuating goodwill of the people and their parliaments in the rich countries. As a result, it is largely ad hoc and unpredictable" (United Nations Development Programme, 45). This statement cannot, however, explain why Africa is …

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Constructing A Common Ukrainian Identity: An Empirical Study, Igor Khrestin '02 Jan 2002

Constructing A Common Ukrainian Identity: An Empirical Study, Igor Khrestin '02

Honors Projects

This study will examine the factors influencing the construction of a common national identity in Ukraine. The uniqueness of the Ukrainian case stems from its oppressive Russian-dominated past, its communist experience, and a weak role of nationalism prior to independence. Until 1991, Ukraine lacked the necessary components to be considered a successful nation-state. Literally translated as "borderland," Ukraine has never had a readily-identifiable common territory or a common people. Harsh assimilatory policies of its rulers have left a sharply divided society, with differing languages, customs, and conflicting identities. When the Soviet Union collapsed, the state of Ukraine proclaimed its independence …

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A Question Of Motivations: Determining Why Donor Countries Give Aid, Sarah Fuller '02 Jan 2002

A Question Of Motivations: Determining Why Donor Countries Give Aid, Sarah Fuller '02

Honors Projects

Despite the fact that foreign aid has been around in its present form since World War II, foreign aid analysis, especially from the donor's point of view, has been and continues to be highly contested. In 1992, the United Nations claimed that "ODA [Official Development Assistance] allocation is 'strange and arbitrary'" and "ODA is determined not by the needs of developing countries, but by the fluctuating goodwill of the people and their parliaments in the rich countries. As a result, it is largely ad hoc and unpredictable" (United Nations Development Programme, 45). This statement cannot, however, explain why Africa is …

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The Cellular Divide: A Comparative Analysis Of Mobile Phone Usage In Spain And The United States, Deborah J. Slezak '02 Jan 2002

The Cellular Divide: A Comparative Analysis Of Mobile Phone Usage In Spain And The United States, Deborah J. Slezak '02

Honors Projects

The usage of mobile phones has dramatically increased in the past decade, narrowing the boundaries of size, space, and time. It is this "death of distance" that will be the single most important economic force shaping all of society over the next half century. The economic prosperity of the United States has contributed to the increase in this "luxury" telecommunication device, but how can the rapid increase in European countries with lower per capita incomes such as Spain be explained? The purpose of this paper is to examine mobile phone usage and penetration rates in the United States compared to …

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Are Art Students Nicer Than Economics Students? A Discussion Of How Economic Game Theory Predicts That Art And Economics Students Differ In Terms Of Reciprocity, Abigail Claiborne Jan 2002

Are Art Students Nicer Than Economics Students? A Discussion Of How Economic Game Theory Predicts That Art And Economics Students Differ In Terms Of Reciprocity, Abigail Claiborne

University Avenue Undergraduate Journal of Economics

Neoclassical economic game theory predicts that a player’s goal is to maximize her income regardless of others. In playing the Ultimatum Game this means that Allocators will allocate the minimum amount and the Responders will accept that amount because something is better than nothing. Economics students behave differently because they self-select into that field already thinking as economists do and while studying economics they adapt their behaviors to economic theory. Therefore it is natural to assume that Economics students will act according to theory and that non-economics students will not. The Smith College study between Art students and Economics students …

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The Economic Impact Of Native American Gaming: Cost-Benefit Analysis Of The Mashantucket Pequot Tribal Nation, Lisa Borromeo Jan 2002

The Economic Impact Of Native American Gaming: Cost-Benefit Analysis Of The Mashantucket Pequot Tribal Nation, Lisa Borromeo

University Avenue Undergraduate Journal of Economics

The purpose of this paper is to put the economic and social importance of Indian gambling on and off the reservation into perspective. Because the economic and social effects of Indian gaming are additive, one cannot form a coherent picture of the net impact of gaming without measuring both the economic and social effects (Cornell et al., 1998). Because gambling has impacts beyond reservation boundaries, studying the surrounding local economy is a necessary action. As both the number of tribes with gaming operations and the magnitude of the operations increase, so do their effects. This paper combines a general overview …

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Prices, Legalisation And Marijuana Consumption, Mert Daryal Jan 2002

Prices, Legalisation And Marijuana Consumption, Mert Daryal

University Avenue Undergraduate Journal of Economics

The debate concerning the legalisation of marijuana is intensifying. As the price of marijuana would most likely decrease following legalisation, the law of demand implies that consumption would rise. But by how much? This paper analyses the effect of legalisation on consumption by using data from a specifically-conducted survey of first year students at The University of Western Australia. The results indicate that 53 percent of students have consumed marijuana with males exhibiting a higher intensity than females. The results also show that legalisation would cause consumption to increase by approximately 4 percent. Both legalisation and a 50 percent fall …

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The Political Economy Of Wto Dispute Settlement: Toward A Synthesis Of International Regime Theories, Christopher L. Griffin Jan 2002

The Political Economy Of Wto Dispute Settlement: Toward A Synthesis Of International Regime Theories, Christopher L. Griffin

University Avenue Undergraduate Journal of Economics

This paper analyzes the explanatory power of mainstream international regime theories from the international political economy (IPE) literature—neoliberalism, realism, and cognitivism—through formal econometric techniques. I use a data set based on 162 dispute settlement cases since the inception of the World Trade Organization and find that the probability of a Dispute Settlement Panel (DSP) forming depends on the share of exports for a target country as a share of its total exports as well as relative gaps in military expenditures (as a share of GDP). These results are highly robust to different model specifications and control variable choice. Though the …

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Czech Voucher Privatization: A Case Of Decision Making Under Uncertainty, Katia Hristova Jan 2002

Czech Voucher Privatization: A Case Of Decision Making Under Uncertainty, Katia Hristova

University Avenue Undergraduate Journal of Economics

In my study, I plan to analyze voucher privatization in the Czech Republic. This process is best characterized as decision making under both risk and uncertainty, where the thousands of individuals who initially received vouchers were operating under near total uncertainty while larger institutional investors who later seized control of the vouchers were operating under conditions of risk. I will analyze the resulting patterns of ownership in comparison to the goals of the process. I will also discuss the role of the International Monetary Fund and World Bank as institutions which affect the conditions under which voucher privatization was conducted. …

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Maternal Psychological Control And Preschool Children’S Behavioral Outcomes In China, Russia, And The United States, Susanne Frost Olsen, Chongming Yang, Craig H. Hart, Clyde C. Robinson, Peixia Wu, David A. Nelson, Larry J. Nelson, Shenghua Jin, Jianzhong Wo Jan 2002

Maternal Psychological Control And Preschool Children’S Behavioral Outcomes In China, Russia, And The United States, Susanne Frost Olsen, Chongming Yang, Craig H. Hart, Clyde C. Robinson, Peixia Wu, David A. Nelson, Larry J. Nelson, Shenghua Jin, Jianzhong Wo

Faculty Publications

A growing body of Western literature has demonstrated the importance of three domains of socialization—connection with significant others, regulation of behavior, and the facilitation of psychological autonomy—in predicting outcomes in adolescents and children (Barber, 1997a, 1997b; Gray & Steinberg, 1999; Hart, Newell, & Olsen, in press; Nelson, 1997; Steinberg, Dornbusch, & Brown, 1992). Psychological control—parenting that does not allow children psychological autonomy, as has been defined elsewhere in this volume, has received increased attention in the past decade (for a discussion of definitions and research, see chapter 2, this volume).

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Expanding The Study And Understanding Of Psychological Control, Brian K. Barber, Roy A. Bean, Lance D. Erickson Jan 2002

Expanding The Study And Understanding Of Psychological Control, Brian K. Barber, Roy A. Bean, Lance D. Erickson

Faculty Publications

The two central purposes of this volume are to review the historical, conceptual, and empirical literatures on parental psychological control and to advance the rapidly growing scientific literature Ono this aspect of the parent-child relationship. Chapter 2 addressed the first task with a review of published material that has specifically investigated psychological control or variables that are conceptually similar to it. From this review of the historical conceptualizations of parental psychological control, we concluded that psychological control is a psychologically oriented, intrusive, constraining, and manipulating form of parental control in which parents appear to maintain their own psychological status at …

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